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A rabbit checks the store at dawn,
The package rows are neatly drawn.
If stats agree, no save is made,
If contents shift, old files fade.
Then matching prints keep caches calm.
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Could we keep the existing metadata fingerprint as a fast path? If it’s unchanged, skip both pruning and uploading as before. Otherwise, prune and compare file names to decide whether to upload. That would fix redundant uploads without adding a full prune to warm-cache jobs that already skipped saving! |
| export async function fingerprintStore(storePath: string): Promise<string | undefined> { | ||
| const buckets = await readdir(path.join(storePath, 'files')).catch(() => []) | ||
| const entries = ['index.db', 'index.db-wal', ...buckets.sort().map(bucket => path.join('files', bucket))] | ||
| const stats = await Promise.all(entries.map(entry => lstat(path.join(storePath, entry)).catch(() => undefined))) | ||
| if (!stats[0]) return undefined | ||
| if (!await exists(path.join(storePath, 'index.db'))) return undefined | ||
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| const filesPath = path.join(storePath, 'files') | ||
| const buckets = (await readdir(filesPath).catch(() => [])).sort() | ||
| const names = await Promise.all( | ||
| buckets.map(async bucket => (await readdir(path.join(filesPath, bucket)).catch(() => [])).sort()), | ||
| ) | ||
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| const hash = createHash('sha256') | ||
| entries.forEach((entry, i) => { | ||
| hash.update(`${entry}:${stats[i] ? `${stats[i].size}:${stats[i].mtimeMs}` : 'none'}\n`) | ||
| buckets.forEach((bucket, i) => { | ||
| hash.update(`${bucket}:${names[i].join(',')}\n`) | ||
| }) | ||
| return hash.digest('hex') |
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Could we distinguish bookkeeping writes from actual index changes? I tested a store with a missing package_index row: pnpm downloaded the package and repaired the row, but the fingerprint stayed unchanged after pruning. We'd skip saving that repair and keep restoring the incomplete cache.
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I have to say all of the db stuff is unknown territory for me, this got complex very fast. So just double checking if this is worth implementing?
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I checked this with pnpm 11.10.0. When a package’s index row was missing, pnpm downloaded the package and repaired the row, but the filenames stayed the same after pruning. Checking filenames alone would miss that repair.
So I think the database check is worth keeping, but it can be simpler: read the package keys one at a time and add them directly to the hash, rather than collecting them all first.
I tried that locally. With 300k index keys, estimated peak heap dropped from about 185 MiB to 26.5 MiB, and the fingerprint stayed the same!
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updated to iterate in the last commit
| const names = await Promise.all( | ||
| buckets.map(async bucket => (await readdir(path.join(filesPath, bucket)).catch(() => [])).sort()), | ||
| ) | ||
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| const hash = createHash('sha256') | ||
| entries.forEach((entry, i) => { | ||
| hash.update(`${entry}:${stats[i] ? `${stats[i].size}:${stats[i].mtimeMs}` : 'none'}\n`) | ||
| buckets.forEach((bucket, i) => { | ||
| hash.update(`${bucket}:${names[i].join(',')}\n`) |
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Could we hash one bucket at a time instead of retaining every filename? With ~307k files, this used ~119 MB of heap versus ~13 MB processing buckets sequentially.
The sequential approach was slower, so this is just a memory tradeoff 🤷
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I went with a 16 buckets concurrency instead of fully sequential, lmk if that looks better with your 300k test :)
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Yes, 16 buckets looks much better. I reran the test with 307,200 files spread evenly across 256 buckets:
| Buckets at once | Estimated peak heap | Time |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 23 MiB | 270 ms |
| 16 | 45 MiB | 133 ms |
| All 256 | 89 MiB | 144 ms |
All three produced the same fingerprint. So 16 used about half the heap of reading every bucket at once, without slowing down in this test.
It is not a fixed memory limit, though: memory still depends on how many filenames each bucket contains. These were warm-filesystem tests, so the timings are approximate.
| touch(path.join(store, 'files', '00')) | ||
| }], | ||
| ]) { | ||
| test(`${label} do not change the fingerprint`, async () => { |
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Nit: singular labels produce titles like “a rewritten index do not change the fingerprint.” Maybe use fingerprint is unchanged after ${label}?
The names of the files in the store did not change when a package whose files were already present had lost its index row: pnpm repaired the row, and the repair was never saved. Fingerprint the packages in the index as well as the names of the files. The index is opened immutable, so reading it creates no -wal or -shm files, and an index that cannot be read leaves the store without a fingerprint, so it is saved as before.
Reading every bucket at once keeps the names of all the files in the store in memory, about 120 MB for a store of 300,000 files. Hash 16 buckets at a time instead, so memory stays bounded and the buckets are still read concurrently.
Compare the size and modification time of the index and the file directories with the store as it was restored. If nothing was written, there is nothing for prune to remove and nothing to save, so both are skipped. Otherwise the store is pruned and fingerprinted by its content, as before. The restore step records the timestamps before it reads the index, so reading it is not counted as a write.
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Actionable comments posted: 1
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @src/store-fingerprint/index.ts:
- Around line 43-61: Remove the immutable=1 URL parameter from readIndexKeys
while keeping the read-only DatabaseSync connection, so SQLite includes
committed rows from index.db-wal when reading the index.
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README.mdsrc/cache-restore/run.test.mjssrc/cache-restore/run.tssrc/cache-save/run.tssrc/store-fingerprint/index.test.mjssrc/store-fingerprint/index.ts
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- GitHub Check: Lockfile verification cache (macos-latest, cache=true)
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🔇 Additional comments: 1
src/store-fingerprint/index.ts: 1
50-50: Include index-row data in the fingerprint.
SELECT keycannot detect a repairedpackage_index.datavalue when the key stays the same. The post-prune comparison can then skip saving the repair. The previous review comment already reports this issue. (pnpm.io)
Collecting every key and joining them kept the whole index in memory twice. Feeding each key straight into the hash keeps the fingerprint identical for a fraction of the heap.
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Looks good! The only thing that's missing the WAL comment
| const db = new DatabaseSync(url.href, { readOnly: true }) | ||
| try { | ||
| hash.update('index\n') | ||
| for (const row of db.prepare('SELECT key FROM package_index ORDER BY key').iterate()) { |
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This hashes only the keys, so a changed data value under the same key won't trigger a save. Can pnpm rewrite data this way? If so, hash data too.
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yes you were right, added data in there
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I tried the new implementation against a real world pnpm monorepo and got uploads at every jobs again, because data.checkedAt is different every time; My setup includes pnpm patches, packages with build scripts, etc..
Updated to use data length instead
| try { | ||
| const db = new DatabaseSync(url.href, { readOnly: true }) | ||
| try { | ||
| hash.update('index\n') |
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Nit: add a separator line (e.g. 'files\n') between the keys and the bucket lists, so the two parts can't run together in the hash.
| async function hashIndexKeys(indexPath: string, hash: Hash): Promise<boolean> { | ||
| if (!await exists(indexPath)) return false | ||
| const url = pathToFileURL(indexPath) | ||
| url.searchParams.set('immutable', '1') |
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This was raised by the rabbit but it closed it for some reason...
immutable=1 makes SQLite ignore index.db-wal, so rows still in the WAL are left out of the fingerprint. pnpm normally writes the WAL into index.db when it closes, but if pnpm store prune fails or another pnpm process still has the store open, those rows can be missed and the save skipped wrongly.
Two ways to fix it:
- Open the database in normal read-only mode, and treat an empty
index.db-walas missing instatStore(line 11). - Keep
immutable=1, but skip fingerprinting whenindex.db-walisn't empty, so the store is saved in that case.
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went with a mix of both, but still kept immutable=1
… index pnpm rewrites a row under the same key (INSERT OR REPLACE, e.g. side effects), so the data is hashed along with the key. An index with writes still in its write-ahead log cannot be read reliably as immutable, so it gets no fingerprint and the store is saved. A separator keeps the index and the file names from running together.
SQLite deletes an empty index.db-wal when the last connection closes, which changed the stat fingerprint without any write and sent the job through a prune.
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fyi @shahmir-oscilar, unless I'm missing something, I believe this now covers what you did in #79 |
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Looks good!
I also benchmarked keys + data vs keys only (Node 24, warm cache, real pnpm 12 blobs): 23 vs 15 ms on a real 1.2k-row store, 100 vs 20 ms at 10k rows, 2.5 vs 0.27 s at 300k rows (2.7 GB of index data). Memory stays bounded (<180 MiB). So realistically it's fine as is.
| if (await hasPendingWrites(`${indexPath}-wal`)) return false | ||
| const url = pathToFileURL(indexPath) | ||
| url.searchParams.set('immutable', '1') | ||
| try { | ||
| const db = new DatabaseSync(url.href, { readOnly: true }) |
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Another pnpm process could write between the WAL check (line 44) and the read, so the immutable read would be stale. To catch that, compare the size and mtime of index.db and index.db-wal before and after the read, and return false if they changed.
| hash.update(`${String(row.key)}\n`) | ||
| hash.update(row.data as Uint8Array) |
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Nit: nothing separates one row's data from the next key. Hashing the length first fixes that:
hash.update(`${String(row.key)}\n${row.data.length}\n`)The write-ahead log check and the immutable read are not atomic, so another pnpm process could write in between and leave a stale read. The size and mtime of index.db and index.db-wal are compared before and after, and the length of each row's data is hashed so rows cannot run into each other.
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pnpm stamps a checkedAt time on every file in a row and rewrites the row whenever it re-fetches or re-verifies a package, so hashing the data made every job look like it changed the store. A rewrite that only refreshes timestamps keeps the row the same size, while a change to a row's files or side effects does not.
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2 participants
The post step compared the store with the restored one by file timestamps
before running
pnpm store prune. Packages that run build scripts or carrypatches are copied rather than hard-linked, so prune removes them and the next
install fetches them again. Every warm job therefore looked changed and
uploaded a new cache, with the same packages missing each time.
Prune first, then compare the names of the files in the store. A job that ends
with the files it restored no longer saves, and timestamps and index writes
alone no longer count as a change.
@EhabY I could use your input here, since you implemented #65 🙏
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