diff --git a/src/mcp/shared/uri_template.py b/src/mcp/shared/uri_template.py
index 20d6fa9c2e..7c2d04a94e 100644
--- a/src/mcp/shared/uri_template.py
+++ b/src/mcp/shared/uri_template.py
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ def _encode(value: str, *, allow_reserved: bool) -> str:
     followed by two hex digits is still encoded to ``%25``.
     """
     if not allow_reserved:
-        return quote(value, safe="")
+        return quote(value, safe="", errors="surrogateescape")
 
     # Reserved expansion: walk the string, pass through triplets as-is,
     # quote the gaps between them. A bare % with no triplet lands in a
@@ -218,10 +218,10 @@ def _encode(value: str, *, allow_reserved: bool) -> str:
     out: list[str] = []
     last = 0
     for m in _PCT_TRIPLET_RE.finditer(value):
-        out.append(quote(value[last : m.start()], safe=_RESERVED))
+        out.append(quote(value[last : m.start()], safe=_RESERVED, errors="surrogateescape"))
         out.append(m.group())
         last = m.end()
-    out.append(quote(value[last:], safe=_RESERVED))
+    out.append(quote(value[last:], safe=_RESERVED, errors="surrogateescape"))
     return "".join(out)
 
 
@@ -604,7 +604,7 @@ def _parse_query(query: str) -> dict[str, str]:
     for pair in query.split("&"):
         name, _, value = pair.partition("=")
         if name and name not in result:
-            result[name] = unquote(value)
+            result[name] = unquote(value, errors="surrogateescape")
     return result
 
 
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ def _extract_greedy(var: Variable, raw: str) -> str | list[str] | None:
     if not var.explode:
         if any(c in stops for c in raw):
             return None
-        return unquote(raw)
+        return unquote(raw, errors="surrogateescape")
 
     sep = spec.separator
     if not raw:
@@ -654,7 +654,7 @@ def _extract_greedy(var: Variable, raw: str) -> str | list[str] | None:
                 seg = ""
             else:
                 return None
-        segments.append(unquote(seg))
+        segments.append(unquote(seg, errors="surrogateescape"))
     return segments
 
 
@@ -1012,7 +1012,7 @@ def _scan_suffix(
             eq = uri.find("=", earliest, pos)
             if eq == -1:
                 return None
-            result[var.name] = unquote(uri[eq + 1 : pos])
+            result[var.name] = unquote(uri[eq + 1 : pos], errors="surrogateescape")
             pos = eq
             i -= 1
             continue
@@ -1045,7 +1045,7 @@ def _scan_suffix(
                     return None
                 start = idx + len(prev.text)
 
-        result[var.name] = unquote(uri[start:pos])
+        result[var.name] = unquote(uri[start:pos], errors="surrogateescape")
         pos = start
         i -= 1
     return result, pos
@@ -1111,6 +1111,6 @@ def _scan_prefix(
         if end == -1:
             return None
 
-        result[var.name] = unquote(uri[pos:end])
+        result[var.name] = unquote(uri[pos:end], errors="surrogateescape")
         pos = end
     return result, pos
diff --git a/tests/shared/test_uri_template.py b/tests/shared/test_uri_template.py
index cddbb82b0b..7ae00887e5 100644
--- a/tests/shared/test_uri_template.py
+++ b/tests/shared/test_uri_template.py
@@ -764,6 +764,28 @@ def test_match_decodes_percent_encoding():
     assert t.match("file://docs/hello%20world.txt") == {"name": "hello world.txt"}
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("template", "uri", "expected"),
+    [
+        ("file://{name}", "file://caf%E9", {"name": "caf\udce9"}),
+        ("file://{+path}", "file://caf%E9", {"path": "caf\udce9"}),
+        ("x{#frag}", "x#caf%E9", {"frag": "caf\udce9"}),
+        ("x{.ext}", "x.caf%E9", {"ext": "caf\udce9"}),
+        ("x{/seg}", "x/caf%E9", {"seg": "caf\udce9"}),
+        ("x{;p}", "x;p=caf%E9", {"p": "caf\udce9"}),
+        ("x{?q}", "x?q=caf%E9", {"q": "caf\udce9"}),
+        ("x{/list*}", "x/a/caf%E9", {"list": ["a", "caf\udce9"]}),
+        ("prefix-{id}-greedy/{+path}", "prefix-caf%E9-greedy/rest", {"id": "caf\udce9", "path": "rest"}),
+    ],
+)
+def test_match_non_utf8_percent_encoding_surrogateescape(template: str, uri: str, expected: dict[str, str | list[str]]):
+    t = UriTemplate.parse(template)
+    matched = t.match(uri)
+    assert matched == expected
+    assert t.expand(matched) == uri
+    assert t.match(t.expand(matched)) == matched
+
+
 def test_match_escapes_template_literals():
     # Regression: previous impl didn't escape . in literals, making it
     # a regex wildcard. "fileXtxt" should NOT match "file.txt/{id}".