diff --git a/src/schema/emit.ts b/src/schema/emit.ts
index 4f17f33..271ea7b 100644
--- a/src/schema/emit.ts
+++ b/src/schema/emit.ts
@@ -39,11 +39,12 @@ const ANALYZER_NAME = "codeanalyzer-typescript";
 const MAX_IMPLEMENTED = 4;
 
 /**
- * Structural internal-field strip on the WIRE CLONE: module cache trio + callable join fields.
- * Structural (walks the tree shape) rather than key-name-based, for two load-bearing reasons:
- * the artifact layer's `content_hash` is WIRE payload (a name-keyed replacer would eat it), and
- * a `JSON.stringify` deep-copy roundtrip builds one multi-GB string at vscode-L4 scale and OOMs
- * (measured). `structuredClone` + targeted deletes never materializes a string.
+ * Structural internal-field strip on the WIRE COPY's per-module clones: module cache trio +
+ * callable join fields. Structural (walks the tree shape) rather than key-name-based, for two
+ * load-bearing reasons: the artifact layer's `content_hash` is WIRE payload (a name-keyed replacer
+ * would eat it), and a `JSON.stringify` deep-copy roundtrip builds one multi-GB string at
+ * vscode-L4 scale and OOMs (measured). Per-module `structuredClone` + targeted deletes never
+ * materializes a string and never serializes more than one module at a time (#180).
  */
 function stripInternal(root: TSApplication): void {
   const stripCallable = (c: Record<string, unknown>): void => {
@@ -156,9 +157,17 @@ export function finalizeAnalysis(
     analyzer: { name: ANALYZER_NAME, version: ANALYZER_VERSION },
     application: root,
   };
-  // The wire copy: deep, detached from the live tree, internals stripped STRUCTURALLY —
-  // structuredClone instead of a stringify roundtrip (the string form OOMs at vscode-L4 scale).
-  const application = structuredClone(envelope) as TSAnalysis;
+  // The wire copy: detached from the live tree, internals stripped STRUCTURALLY. The strip only
+  // ever touches modules (and what hangs off them), so the clone is per MODULE (#180): one
+  // structuredClone of the whole envelope hits Bun's serialization ceiling on a large repository
+  // (a TypeError at 13k files on 1.3.0; a hard abort with no exception at ~2 GiB on 1.3.14 —
+  // measured), while the largest single module is megabytes. Everything else on the root
+  // (call_graph, param_in/out, artifacts, config edges, entrypoint report) is untouched by the
+  // strip and shared by reference. A stringify roundtrip is out for the same reason: the string
+  // form OOMs at vscode-L4 scale.
+  const symbol_table: TSApplication["symbol_table"] = {};
+  for (const [key, mod] of Object.entries(root.symbol_table)) symbol_table[key] = structuredClone(mod);
+  const application: TSAnalysis = { ...envelope, application: { ...root, symbol_table } };
   stripInternal(application.application);
   return { application, internal: app, ...(pg ? { program_graphs: pg } : {}), idBySig, collisions, dangling };
 }
diff --git a/test/finalize-clone.test.ts b/test/finalize-clone.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77fa120
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/finalize-clone.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/**
+ * #180 — finalizeAnalysis must never structuredClone the whole envelope.
+ *
+ * Bun's structuredClone has a hard serialization ceiling (measured on 1.3.14: a ~2.2 GiB object
+ * aborts the process with no exception; a 13k-file repository hit a TypeError at 1.3.0). The
+ * envelope is only cloned so the wire copy can be internal-field-stripped without touching the
+ * live tree that `result.internal` hands back — and the strip only ever touches modules. So the
+ * clone is per MODULE (the largest is megabytes, never gigabytes); everything else on the root is
+ * shared by reference. This pins both halves: the wire is detached from and stripped relative to
+ * the internal tree, and the strip never reached into the internal tree.
+ */
+import { describe, expect, spyOn, test } from "bun:test";
+import * as path from "node:path";
+import { analyze } from "../src/core";
+import type { AnalysisOptions } from "../src/options";
+import type { TSAnalysis } from "../src/schema";
+
+const FIXTURE = path.resolve(import.meta.dir, "fixtures/sample-app");
+const opts = { input: FIXTURE, appName: "sa", analysisLevel: 2, noBuild: true, emit: "json", eager: true } as unknown as AnalysisOptions;
+
+describe("#180 finalize clones per module", () => {
+  test("structuredClone is called once per module and never on the envelope or the root", async () => {
+    const spy = spyOn(globalThis, "structuredClone");
+    try {
+      const r = await analyze(opts);
+      const modules = Object.keys(r.internal.symbol_table).length;
+      const cloned = spy.mock.calls.map((c) => c[0] as Record<string, unknown>);
+      expect(cloned.length).toBe(modules);
+      for (const arg of cloned) {
+        expect(arg.kind).toBe("module");
+        expect(arg.schema_version).toBeUndefined();
+        expect(arg.symbol_table).toBeUndefined();
+      }
+    } finally {
+      spy.mockRestore();
+    }
+  });
+
+  test("every wire module is a distinct object from its internal twin, stripped, with the twin intact", async () => {
+    const r = await analyze(opts);
+    const wire = (r.application as TSAnalysis).application;
+    const keys = Object.keys(wire.symbol_table);
+    expect(keys.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    for (const k of keys) {
+      const w = wire.symbol_table[k] as unknown as Record<string, unknown>;
+      const i = r.internal.symbol_table[k] as unknown as Record<string, unknown>;
+      expect(w).not.toBe(i);
+      // the strip landed on the wire...
+      expect(w.call_sites).toBeUndefined();
+      expect(w.last_modified).toBeUndefined();
+      expect(w.file_size).toBeUndefined();
+      expect(w.content_hash).toBe(i.content_hash); // #118: content_hash stays on the wire
+      // ...and only on the wire: the live tree still carries the per-run join fields
+      expect(Array.isArray(i.call_sites)).toBe(true);
+      expect(typeof i.last_modified).toBe("number");
+    }
+    // a module with callables: the callable-level strip detached too
+    const mod = wire.symbol_table["src/services.ts"]!;
+    const fn = Object.values(mod.types)[0]!.callables ? Object.values(Object.values(mod.types)[0]!.callables!)[0] : undefined;
+    expect(fn).toBeDefined();
+    expect((fn as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).call_sites).toBeUndefined();
+    expect((fn as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).abs_path).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  test("the wire survives a JSON roundtrip identical to itself (no shared-reference surprise)", async () => {
+    const r = await analyze(opts);
+    const once = JSON.stringify(r.application);
+    // mutating the internal tree after finalize must not leak into an already-finalized wire
+    delete (r.internal.symbol_table["src/index.ts"] as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).functions;
+    expect(JSON.stringify(r.application)).toBe(once);
+  });
+});