diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index b6515e726..9e66c0114 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ name: CI
 # 多平台跨语言质量门禁。release-tauri.yml 是发版流水线（仅打包构建），这里负责
 # 在合并前快速验证两件事：
 #   1. 全部前端/契约测试与 vite bundle 通过（捕获行为、合同及跨 locale 类型 drift）
-#   2. Tauri 后端在 macOS / Windows、移动端在 Android 编译；Linux 只测试共享 core。
+#   2. Tauri 后端在 macOS / Windows、移动端在 Android 编译；Linux 同时验证共享 Core
+#      与独立 egui host，且不拉取本地 Qwen ASR 或 Tauri/WebKit 依赖。
 # 跑 build-mac.sh / windows-package-msvc.ps1 / Tauri bundle 太重；只跑轻量 cargo check + vite build。
 
 on:
@@ -166,8 +167,10 @@ jobs:
             --no-daemon
 
   linux-core-contract:
-    name: Linux core tests
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    name: Linux core and egui host tests
+    # cpal's PipeWire backend needs the PipeWire/libspa ABI shipped by 24.04.
+    # 22.04 headers fail to compile libspa 0.10.x (missing spa_meta_first etc.).
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     defaults:
       run:
         working-directory: openless-all/app
@@ -182,8 +185,42 @@ jobs:
         with:
           workspaces: 'openless-all/app -> target'
 
+      - name: Install Linux egui build dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y \
+            build-essential \
+            libasound2-dev \
+            libdbus-1-dev \
+            libpipewire-0.3-dev \
+            libssl-dev \
+            libwayland-dev \
+            libx11-dev \
+            libxkbcommon-dev \
+            pkg-config \
+            ripgrep
+
       - name: Test Core
-        run: cargo test --locked -p openless-core
+        run: |
+          cargo test --locked -p openless-core
+          cargo clippy --locked -p openless-core --all-targets
+
+      - name: Test Linux egui host without local Qwen ASR
+        run: |
+          cargo test --locked -p openless-linux-egui --all-targets
+          cargo check --locked -p openless-linux-egui --all-targets
+          node scripts/linux-egui-tauri-free-contract.test.mjs
+          node scripts/linux-egui-release-contract.test.mjs
+
+      - name: Enforce Linux dependency boundaries
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          ./scripts/check-core-deps.ps1
+          ./scripts/check-core-deps.ps1 openless-linux-egui
+          ./scripts/check-core-secret-surface.ps1
+          ./scripts/check-core-test-isolation.ps1
+          ./scripts/check-core-runtime-seam.ps1
+          ./scripts/check-linux-public-surface.ps1
 
       - name: Test remote input TLS identity and Unix key permissions
         run: cargo test --locked --manifest-path src-tauri/backend-tests/Cargo.toml --test remote_tls
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-linux-egui.yml b/.github/workflows/release-linux-egui.yml
index f0bae627d..192724431 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-linux-egui.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-linux-egui.yml
@@ -15,9 +15,6 @@ on:
       release_tag:
         required: false
         type: string
-    secrets:
-      LINUX_EGUI_MINISIGN_SECRET_KEY:
-        required: false
 
 permissions:
   contents: write
@@ -41,38 +38,21 @@ jobs:
             build-essential \
             cmake \
             desktop-file-utils \
-            extra-cmake-modules \
             fcitx5-modules-dev \
-            file \
-            fuse \
             libasound2-dev \
             libdbus-1-dev \
+            libpipewire-0.3-dev \
+            libpulse-dev \
             libfcitx5config-dev \
             libfcitx5core-dev \
             libfcitx5utils-dev \
-            libopenblas-dev \
             libssl-dev \
             libwayland-dev \
             libx11-dev \
             libxkbcommon-dev \
-            patchelf \
             pkg-config \
             ripgrep \
             rpm \
-            ruby-dev \
-            wget
-          sudo gem install --no-document fpm -v 1.16.0
-
-      - name: Install appimagetool
-        env:
-          APPIMAGETOOL_SHA256: b90f4a8b18967545fda78a445b27680a1642f1ef9488ced28b65398f2be7add2
-        run: |
-          wget -q https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/releases/download/continuous/appimagetool-x86_64.AppImage \
-            -O /tmp/appimagetool
-          echo "$APPIMAGETOOL_SHA256  /tmp/appimagetool" | sha256sum --check --strict
-          chmod +x /tmp/appimagetool
-          sudo install -m 0755 /tmp/appimagetool /usr/local/bin/appimagetool
-          file /usr/local/bin/appimagetool | grep -q ELF
 
       - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
         with:
@@ -92,24 +72,15 @@ jobs:
           test -s build/libopenless.so
           test -s build/openless.conf
 
-      - name: Checkout pinned Qwen ASR runtime source
-        run: git submodule update --init --depth 1 -- openless-all/app/src-tauri/vendor/qwen-asr
-
-      - name: Build portable Qwen ASR runtime
-        working-directory: openless-all/app/src-tauri/vendor/qwen-asr
-        run: |
-          make blas CFLAGS_BASE="-Wall -Wextra -O3 -ffast-math -mtune=generic"
-          test -x qwen_asr
-          ./qwen_asr --help >/dev/null 2>&1
-
       - name: Verify framework-independent Linux contract
         working-directory: openless-all/app
         shell: pwsh
         run: |
           cargo test --locked -p openless-core
-          cargo clippy --locked -p openless-core --all-targets -- -D warnings
+          cargo clippy --locked -p openless-core --all-targets
           cargo test --locked -p openless-linux-egui --all-targets
-          cargo check --locked -p openless-linux-egui --all-targets
+          node scripts/linux-egui-tauri-free-contract.test.mjs
+          node scripts/linux-egui-release-contract.test.mjs
           ./scripts/check-core-deps.ps1
           ./scripts/check-core-deps.ps1 openless-linux-egui
           ./scripts/check-core-secret-surface.ps1
@@ -127,9 +98,9 @@ jobs:
             exit 0
           fi
           case "$RELEASE_TAG" in
-            v*-tauri) ;;
+            v*) ;;
             *)
-              echo "::error::release_tag must name an existing v*-tauri release"
+              echo "::error::release_tag must name an existing v* release"
               exit 1
               ;;
           esac
@@ -157,17 +128,16 @@ jobs:
             VERSION=${RELEASE_TAG#v}
             VERSION=${VERSION%-tauri}
           else
-            VERSION=$(sed -n 's/^version = "\([^"]*\)"/\1/p' src-tauri/Cargo.toml | head -1)
+            VERSION=$(node -p "require('./package.json').version")
           fi
           test -n "$VERSION"
           echo "version=$VERSION" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
-      - name: Package deb, rpm, and AppImage without Tauri
+      - name: Package deb and rpm without Tauri
         working-directory: openless-all/app
         env:
           OPENLESS_LINUX_VERSION: ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
           OPENLESS_LINUX_ARCH: x86_64
-          APPIMAGE_EXTRACT_AND_RUN: '1'
         run: bash scripts/package-linux-egui.sh
 
       - name: Verify package contents and ELF dependencies
@@ -176,74 +146,31 @@ jobs:
           OUTPUT=target/linux-egui-packages
           test "$(find "$OUTPUT" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.deb' | wc -l)" -eq 1
           test "$(find "$OUTPUT" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.rpm' | wc -l)" -eq 1
-          test "$(find "$OUTPUT" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.AppImage' | wc -l)" -eq 1
+          test "$(find "$OUTPUT" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.AppImage' | wc -l)" -eq 0
           ! ldd target/release/openless-linux-egui | grep -q 'not found'
           ! ldd target/release/openless-linux-egui | grep -Eqi 'webkit|wry|tauri'
-          ! ldd src-tauri/vendor/qwen-asr/qwen_asr | grep -q 'not found'
           dpkg-deb -c "$OUTPUT"/*.deb | grep -q 'usr/bin/openless'
           dpkg-deb -c "$OUTPUT"/*.deb | grep -q 'fcitx5/libopenless.so'
-          dpkg-deb -c "$OUTPUT"/*.deb | grep -q 'usr/lib/openless/resources/qwen-asr/qwen_asr'
           rpm -qlp "$OUTPUT"/*.rpm | grep -q '/usr/bin/openless'
           rpm -qlp "$OUTPUT"/*.rpm | grep -q '/usr/lib64/fcitx5/libopenless.so'
-          rpm -qlp "$OUTPUT"/*.rpm | grep -q '/usr/lib/openless/resources/qwen-asr/qwen_asr'
-          "$OUTPUT"/*.AppImage --appimage-extract >/dev/null
-          test -x squashfs-root/usr/bin/openless
-          test -s squashfs-root/usr/lib/openless/resources/linux-fcitx5-plugin/libopenless.so
-          test -x squashfs-root/usr/lib/openless/resources/qwen-asr/qwen_asr
-          ! ldd squashfs-root/usr/lib/openless/resources/qwen-asr/qwen_asr | grep -q 'not found'
-          squashfs-root/usr/lib/openless/resources/qwen-asr/qwen_asr --help >/dev/null 2>&1
-          rm -rf squashfs-root
 
-      - name: Sign AppImage and write independent updater manifest
+      - name: Generate release checksums
         working-directory: openless-all/app
-        env:
-          MINISIGN_SECRET: ${{ secrets.LINUX_EGUI_MINISIGN_SECRET_KEY }}
-          VERSION: ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
         run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
           OUTPUT=target/linux-egui-packages
-          APPIMAGE=$(find "$OUTPUT" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.AppImage' -print -quit)
-          if [ -n "${RELEASE_TAG:-}" ] && [ -z "${MINISIGN_SECRET:-}" ]; then
-            echo "::error::LINUX_EGUI_MINISIGN_SECRET_KEY is required for release upload"
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          if [ -n "${MINISIGN_SECRET:-}" ]; then
-            if ! command -v minisign >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-              cargo install --locked --version 0.9.1 minisign
-            fi
-            printf '%s' "$MINISIGN_SECRET" > "$RUNNER_TEMP/linux-egui.minisign.key"
-            minisign -S -s "$RUNNER_TEMP/linux-egui.minisign.key" -m "$APPIMAGE" -x "$APPIMAGE.minisig"
-          fi
-          SHA256=$(sha256sum "$APPIMAGE" | cut -d' ' -f1)
-          ASSET=$(basename "$APPIMAGE")
-          RELEASE_REPOSITORY="${GITHUB_REPOSITORY:-Open-Less/openless}"
-          SIGNATURE=null
-          if [ -f "$APPIMAGE.minisig" ]; then
-            SIGNATURE=$(base64 -w0 "$APPIMAGE.minisig" | jq -R .)
-          fi
-          jq -n \
-            --arg version "$VERSION" \
-            --arg url "https://github.com/$RELEASE_REPOSITORY/releases/download/${RELEASE_TAG:-manual}/$ASSET" \
-            --arg sha256 "$SHA256" \
-            --argjson signature "$SIGNATURE" \
-            '{schemaVersion:1, host:"linux-egui", arch:"x86_64", version:$version, url:$url, sha256:$sha256, minisign:$signature}' \
-            > "$OUTPUT/latest-linux-egui-x86_64.json"
+          test "$(find "$OUTPUT" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.deb' | wc -l)" -eq 1
+          test "$(find "$OUTPUT" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.rpm' | wc -l)" -eq 1
+          test "$(find "$OUTPUT" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.AppImage' | wc -l)" -eq 0
+          ( cd "$OUTPUT" && sha256sum ./*.deb ./*.rpm > SHA256SUMS )
+          test "$(wc -l < "$OUTPUT/SHA256SUMS")" -eq 2
+          cat "$OUTPUT/SHA256SUMS"
 
-      - name: Verify Linux updater manifest matches the artifact
+      - name: Verify Linux release checksums
         working-directory: openless-all/app
         run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          OUTPUT=target/linux-egui-packages
-          APPIMAGE=$(find "$OUTPUT" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.AppImage' -print -quit)
-          MANIFEST="$OUTPUT/latest-linux-egui-x86_64.json"
-          test -s "$APPIMAGE"
-          test -s "$MANIFEST"
-          SHA256=$(sha256sum "$APPIMAGE" | cut -d' ' -f1)
-          RELEASE_REPOSITORY="${GITHUB_REPOSITORY:-Open-Less/openless}"
-          jq -e \
-            --arg sha256 "$SHA256" \
-            --arg repository "$RELEASE_REPOSITORY" \
-            '.schemaVersion == 1 and .host == "linux-egui" and .arch == "x86_64" and .sha256 == $sha256 and (.url | startswith("https://github.com/" + $repository + "/releases/download/"))' \
-            "$MANIFEST" >/dev/null
+          test -s target/linux-egui-packages/SHA256SUMS
+          ( cd target/linux-egui-packages && sha256sum -c SHA256SUMS >/dev/null )
 
       - name: Upload Linux egui workflow artifacts
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index be8d5c105..bd4178cd1 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ video-materials/
 node_modules/
 dist/
 target/
+# Explicitly ignore local cache symlinks as well as generated target directories.
+/openless-all/app/target
+/openless-all/egui-frontend/target
 # 本地从 CI / Actions 下载的 APK 及解压目录（非源码）
 ci-artifacts/
 *.apk
diff --git a/.gitmodules b/.gitmodules
index 18862cfed..b9c2c02ae 100644
--- a/.gitmodules
+++ b/.gitmodules
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-[submodule "openless-all/app/src-tauri/vendor/qwen-asr"]
-	path = openless-all/app/src-tauri/vendor/qwen-asr
+[submodule "openless-all/app/vendor/qwen-asr"]
+	path = openless-all/app/vendor/qwen-asr
 	url = https://github.com/Open-Less/qwen-asr.git
 [submodule "openless-all/app/src-tauri/vendor/qwen3-asr-rs"]
 	path = openless-all/app/src-tauri/vendor/qwen3-asr-rs
diff --git a/docs/linux-egui-tauri2-parity.md b/docs/linux-egui-tauri2-parity.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3d489c9de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/linux-egui-tauri2-parity.md
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+# Linux egui / Tauri 2 parity tracker
+
+This local stack is based on PR #1019 head `5f668b1d`. Linux ships one
+`openless-linux-egui` executable and does not link Tauri, Wry, or WebKitGTK.
+Windows, macOS, and Android remain on Tauri.
+
+## Implemented on the native Core 2.0 path
+
+- eframe/egui 0.33.3 shell, system CJK fallback, single instance, minimized
+  startup, close-to-tray, safe shutdown, XDG autostart, notifications, external
+  URLs, file dialogs, file logging, and diagnostic-log export
+- fcitx5 dictation, QA, selection polish, translation, style switching, main
+  window, style-pack direct, and applicable Coding Agent hotkeys; settings use
+  strict collision checks and survive fcitx5 restart
+- CPAL recording with canonical WAV archives, Core retention policy, history
+  playback/export and failed-session retranscription
+- Native `mute_during_recording` (PipeWire `wpctl`/PulseAudio `pactl`) with
+  guaranteed sink restore by RAII across stop/cancel/error/drop/shutdown
+- Native recording start/stop audio cues synthesized to the default sink on a
+  worker thread (never blocking the egui frame), gated by `audio_cue_on_record`
+  and muted-aware (`audio_mute`/`audio_cue` modules)
+- Core-backed history search/delete/clear/copy/re-polish/retranscribe, vocabulary,
+  pending corrections, shared vocabulary presets, correction rules, and complete
+  style-pack CRUD/reset/prompt diagnostics/ZIP import-export/direct hotkeys
+- provider channel CRUD/order/enable/activation, credential metadata, endpoint,
+  model listing, validation, and revision-aware settings conflict merging
+- Qwen catalog/download/cancel/delete/activate/prepare/preload/release/test and
+  progress; Remote Input TLS service, URLs, PIN, locale, connection count, and
+  error events
+- Marketplace list/detail/install/download/upload/update/delete, likes, authored
+  packs, GitHub device flow, polling, cancel, and logout
+- dictation, QA text/voice, selection polish preview/confirm/cancel/revert, and
+  Less Computer text/voice/stream/tool approval/cancel through high-level Core APIs
+- #997 native QA/selection/capsule popup design: same-executable re-entry,
+  versioned serde JSONL, Markdown, drag/Esc, QA microphone and Enter submit,
+  session/sequence/kind guards, nonblocking pipes, crash restart, and snapshot replay
+- stable/beta AppImage checks, delayed/hourly/manual scheduling, byte progress,
+  SHA-256 and pinned minisign verification, same-directory fsync and atomic replace;
+  deb/rpm use the release page
+- Remote Input assets, Qwen vendor files, shared icons, version parsing, packaging,
+  and release workflow are independent of `src-tauri`
+
+## Automated evidence
+
+- `cargo test -p openless-core --locked`
+- `cargo test -p openless-linux-egui --locked`
+- `cargo clippy --locked -p openless-linux-egui --all-targets -- -D warnings`
+- PR #1019 Core/public-surface/dependency contract scripts
+- fcitx5 C++ build plus `input_target_contract`
+- `cargo tree` and release ELF `ldd` checks for Tauri/Wry/WebKitGTK
+- Linux Tauri-free source, packaging, workflow, production-mock, capability, popup,
+  settings-conflict, updater-validation, lifecycle, and staged-file gates
+
+## Deliberate limits and device evidence still required
+
+- Linux supports fcitx5 only; there is no IBus or global-hotkey fallback.
+- Selection Voice remains hidden because the Linux production target/intent adapter
+  is not implemented. It must not be advertised through capabilities. Selection
+  polish and QA remain available.
+- Generic Qwen is the Linux local runtime. Windows Foundry and Apple MLX are not
+  Linux parity requirements.
+- Foreground-application identity and native post-insertion edit observation
+  are explicit `Unsupported` on Linux: fcitx5 exposes surrounding text but no
+  reliable app/control identity across X11/Wayland, PRIMARY cannot prove an
+  original selection, and there is deliberately no IBus/global-hotkey fallback.
+  The factory keeps Core's Noop HostContext/EditObservation adapters (reporting
+  `source_app = None`) instead of faking edits. These are L02/L03 follow-ups,
+  not simulated UI data or false capabilities.
+- Mute/restore and start/stop cues are implemented (`audio_mute`/`audio_cue`),
+  but the cpal cue-playback and real sink mute/restore paths still require
+  X11/Wayland device runs before being recorded as verified; a Linux output
+  stream is a PipeWire/KDE sink-input, so device evidence must confirm the cue
+  does not disturb the session or trigger unexpected volume OSD.
+- X11 and Wayland device runs are still required for focus, Unicode insertion,
+  popup positioning, tray, fcitx5 reload/rebind, microphone unplug/recovery,
+  Secret Service, real phone Remote Input, real Qwen inference, and signed
+  AppImage install/rollback. Ignored hardware tests or a green build are not
+  recorded as device proof.
+
+The automated scope is complete only when every command above passes at the
+current PR #1019 head. The device-only rows remain “implemented, awaiting device
+evidence” or “explicit unsupported” and must not be described as verified.
diff --git a/openless-all/app/Cargo.lock b/openless-all/app/Cargo.lock
index a4b807be9..2b720f588 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/Cargo.lock
+++ b/openless-all/app/Cargo.lock
@@ -18,6 +18,96 @@ version = "0.1.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "366ffbaa4442f4684d91e2cd7c5ea7c4ed8add41959a31447066e279e432b618"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "accesskit"
+version = "0.21.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cf203f9d3bd8f29f98833d1fbef628df18f759248a547e7e01cfbf63cda36a99"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "accesskit_atspi_common"
+version = "0.14.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "890d241cf51fc784f0ac5ac34dfc847421f8d39da6c7c91a0fcc987db62a8267"
+dependencies = [
+ "accesskit",
+ "accesskit_consumer",
+ "atspi-common",
+ "serde",
+ "thiserror 1.0.69",
+ "zvariant 5.15.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "accesskit_consumer"
+version = "0.31.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "db81010a6895d8707f9072e6ce98070579b43b717193d2614014abd5cb17dd43"
+dependencies = [
+ "accesskit",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.5",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "accesskit_macos"
+version = "0.22.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a0089e5c0ac0ca281e13ea374773898d9354cc28d15af9f0f7394d44a495b575"
+dependencies = [
+ "accesskit",
+ "accesskit_consumer",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.5",
+ "objc2 0.5.2",
+ "objc2-app-kit 0.2.2",
+ "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "accesskit_unix"
+version = "0.17.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "301e55b39cfc15d9c48943ce5f572204a551646700d0e8efa424585f94fec528"
+dependencies = [
+ "accesskit",
+ "accesskit_atspi_common",
+ "async-channel",
+ "async-executor",
+ "async-task",
+ "atspi",
+ "futures-lite",
+ "futures-util",
+ "serde",
+ "zbus 5.19.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "accesskit_windows"
+version = "0.29.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d2d63dd5041e49c363d83f5419a896ecb074d309c414036f616dc0b04faca971"
+dependencies = [
+ "accesskit",
+ "accesskit_consumer",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.5",
+ "static_assertions",
+ "windows 0.61.3",
+ "windows-core 0.61.2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "accesskit_winit"
+version = "0.29.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c8cfabe59d0eaca7412bfb1f70198dd31e3b0496fee7e15b066f9c36a1a140a0"
+dependencies = [
+ "accesskit",
+ "accesskit_macos",
+ "accesskit_unix",
+ "accesskit_windows",
+ "raw-window-handle",
+ "winit",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "adler2"
 version = "2.0.1"
@@ -59,21 +149,21 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alsa"
-version = "0.9.1"
+version = "0.11.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ed7572b7ba83a31e20d1b48970ee402d2e3e0537dcfe0a3ff4d6eb7508617d43"
+checksum = "812947049edcd670a82cd5c73c3661d2e58468577ba8489de58e1a73c04cbd5d"
 dependencies = [
  "alsa-sys",
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "cfg-if",
  "libc",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alsa-sys"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "db8fee663d06c4e303404ef5f40488a53e062f89ba8bfed81f42325aafad1527"
+checksum = "ad7569085a265dd3f607ebecce7458eaab2132a84393534c95b18dcbc3f31e04"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "pkg-config",
@@ -86,14 +176,14 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0f2a1bb052857d5dd49572219344a7332b31b76405648eabac5bc68978251bcd"
 dependencies = [
  "android-properties",
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "cc",
- "jni 0.22.4",
+ "jni",
  "libc",
  "log",
- "ndk 0.9.0",
+ "ndk",
  "ndk-context",
- "ndk-sys 0.6.0+11769913",
+ "ndk-sys",
  "num_enum",
  "thiserror 2.0.20",
 ]
@@ -106,13 +196,29 @@ checksum = "fc7eb209b1518d6bb87b283c20095f5228ecda460da70b44f0802523dea6da04"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "android_system_properties"
-version = "0.1.5"
+version = "0.1.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "819e7219dbd41043ac279b19830f2efc897156490d7fd6ea916720117ee66311"
+checksum = "ae221649c9976a6f6c56ae1facf410f3ddb33cc661c4b7b61020a912d4237fbc"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "annotate-snippets"
+version = "0.11.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "710e8eae58854cdc1790fcb56cca04d712a17be849eeb81da2a724bf4bae2bc4"
+dependencies = [
+ "anstyle",
+ "unicode-width",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "anstyle"
+version = "1.0.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "940b3a0ca603d1eade50a4846a2afffd5ef57a9feac2c0e2ec2e14f9ead76000"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "anyhow"
 version = "1.0.104"
@@ -145,7 +251,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "parking_lot",
  "percent-encoding",
  "windows-sys 0.60.2",
- "wl-clipboard-rs",
  "x11rb",
 ]
 
@@ -162,12 +267,21 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "175571dd1d178ced59193a6fc02dde1b972eb0bc56c892cde9beeceac5bf0f6b"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "ash"
-version = "0.38.0+1.3.281"
+name = "ashpd"
+version = "0.11.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0bb44936d800fea8f016d7f2311c6a4f97aebd5dc86f09906139ec848cf3a46f"
+checksum = "d2f3f79755c74fd155000314eb349864caa787c6592eace6c6882dad873d9c39"
 dependencies = [
- "libloading",
+ "enumflags2",
+ "futures-channel",
+ "futures-util",
+ "rand 0.9.5",
+ "raw-window-handle",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_repr",
+ "tokio",
+ "url",
+ "zbus 5.19.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -233,6 +347,20 @@ dependencies = [
  "pin-project-lite",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "async-executor"
+version = "1.14.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c96bf972d85afc50bf5ab8fe2d54d1586b4e0b46c97c50a0c9e71e2f7bcd812a"
+dependencies = [
+ "async-task",
+ "concurrent-queue",
+ "fastrand",
+ "futures-lite",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "slab",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "async-io"
 version = "2.6.0"
@@ -323,7 +451,7 @@ checksum = "82f6aeea286b8eb4dd3431a1be1b59d290ace00f5bfd8e2a159bc2a05e2c1667"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -332,6 +460,56 @@ version = "1.1.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1505bd5d3d116872e7271a6d4e16d81d0c8570876c8de68093a09ac269d8aac0"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "atspi"
+version = "0.25.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c83247582e7508838caf5f316c00791eee0e15c0bf743e6880585b867e16815c"
+dependencies = [
+ "atspi-common",
+ "atspi-connection",
+ "atspi-proxies",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "atspi-common"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "33dfc05e7cdf90988a197803bf24f5788f94f7c94a69efa95683e8ffe76cfdfb"
+dependencies = [
+ "enumflags2",
+ "serde",
+ "static_assertions",
+ "zbus 5.19.0",
+ "zbus-lockstep",
+ "zbus-lockstep-macros",
+ "zbus_names 4.3.4",
+ "zvariant 5.15.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "atspi-connection"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4193d51303d8332304056ae0004714256b46b6635a5c556109b319c0d3784938"
+dependencies = [
+ "atspi-common",
+ "atspi-proxies",
+ "futures-lite",
+ "zbus 5.19.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "atspi-proxies"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d2eebcb9e7e76f26d0bcfd6f0295e1cd1e6f33bedbc5698a971db8dc43d7751c"
+dependencies = [
+ "atspi-common",
+ "serde",
+ "zbus 5.19.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "autocfg"
 version = "1.5.1"
@@ -403,7 +581,8 @@ version = "0.72.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "993776b509cfb49c750f11b8f07a46fa23e0a1386ffc01fb1e7d343efc387895"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "annotate-snippets",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "cexpr",
  "clang-sys",
  "itertools",
@@ -438,18 +617,9 @@ checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
-version = "2.13.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b588b76d00fde79687d7646a9b5bdf3cc0f655e0bbd080335a95d7e96f3587da"
-dependencies = [
- "serde_core",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "block"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "2.13.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0d8c1fef690941d3e7788d328517591fecc684c084084702d6ff1641e993699a"
+checksum = "3ded4057c258ba199e2d26386d3af3780957ecaee6c4ef4041c6b4b8b97c0b06"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "block-buffer"
@@ -478,11 +648,20 @@ dependencies = [
  "objc2 0.5.2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "block2"
+version = "0.6.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cdeb9d870516001442e364c5220d3574d2da8dc765554b4a617230d33fa58ef5"
+dependencies = [
+ "objc2 0.6.4",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "blocking"
-version = "1.6.2"
+version = "1.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e83f8d02be6967315521be875afa792a316e28d57b5a2d401897e2a7921b7f21"
+checksum = "a70e4329df6cb94385eed412ec92375c3cdd8a6e502493d1229b6414e4036dfa"
 dependencies = [
  "async-channel",
  "async-task",
@@ -517,7 +696,7 @@ checksum = "46d07918caa9eeaaf06b7873925c53a61daac173539b4f7715090745e44e4e69"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -537,7 +716,7 @@ checksum = "fc0e56a716f1e132ff6bf4bdac1c944a3fcdc1cae65f70a4a2a1ac3b401d2d1f"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -593,7 +772,7 @@ version = "0.13.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b99da2f8558ca23c71f4fd15dc57c906239752dd27ff3c00a1d56b685b7cbfec"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "log",
  "polling",
  "rustix 0.38.44",
@@ -607,7 +786,7 @@ version = "0.14.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "4dbf9978365bac10f54d1d4b04f7ce4427e51f71d61f2fe15e3fed5166474df7"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "polling",
  "rustix 1.1.4",
  "slab",
@@ -649,9 +828,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
-version = "1.4.4"
+version = "1.4.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0ad534f4357a5264cce5019c989cf66a4f0dc4e0d1b1d15f8aacec0ff7360273"
+checksum = "005ec2760ca554fae18df7a11195552ec576cd665632a881bc011d5bb2fd4d80"
 dependencies = [
  "find-msvc-tools",
  "jobserver",
@@ -659,12 +838,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "shlex 2.0.1",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "cesu8"
-version = "1.1.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6d43a04d8753f35258c91f8ec639f792891f748a1edbd759cf1dcea3382ad83c"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "cexpr"
 version = "0.6.0"
@@ -674,6 +847,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "nom 7.1.3",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "cfg-expr"
+version = "0.20.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fe4ece8474b5f766c63426647e7b4b316b67431ade1036a8313cee24a03ae917"
+dependencies = [
+ "smallvec",
+ "target-lexicon",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "cfg-if"
 version = "1.0.4"
@@ -714,7 +897,7 @@ checksum = "1aa79e62e7697b8e29b513a68abacf485adcd1fe8284a4316c5ae868e6633327"
 dependencies = [
  "iana-time-zone",
  "num-traits",
- "windows-link",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -729,9 +912,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clang-sys"
-version = "1.8.1"
+version = "1.9.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0b023947811758c97c59bf9d1c188fd619ad4718dcaa767947df1cadb14f39f4"
+checksum = "157a8ba7b480713b56f4c09fd13fc3e0a22a5dfab8097ba61cbc5feef950788a"
 dependencies = [
  "glob",
  "libc",
@@ -749,19 +932,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "codespan-reporting"
-version = "0.11.1"
+version = "0.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3538270d33cc669650c4b093848450d380def10c331d38c768e34cac80576e6e"
+checksum = "fe6d2e5af09e8c8ad56c969f2157a3d4238cebc7c55f0a517728c38f7b200f81"
 dependencies = [
- "termcolor",
  "unicode-width",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "combine"
-version = "4.6.7"
+version = "4.6.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ba5a308b75df32fe02788e748662718f03fde005016435c444eea572398219fd"
+checksum = "cfc320937d09e6de266b31b9afb480f197d7a861be86be7cb2ea7e5d1bfffc5e"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "memchr",
@@ -782,6 +964,12 @@ version = "0.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7c74b8349d32d297c9134b8c88677813a227df8f779daa29bfc29c183fe3dca6"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "cookie-factory"
+version = "0.3.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9885fa71e26b8ab7855e2ec7cae6e9b380edff76cd052e07c683a0319d51b3a2"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "core-foundation"
 version = "0.9.4"
@@ -824,45 +1012,50 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "coreaudio-rs"
-version = "0.11.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "321077172d79c662f64f5071a03120748d5bb652f5231570141be24cfcd2bace"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 1.3.2",
- "core-foundation-sys",
- "coreaudio-sys",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "coreaudio-sys"
-version = "0.2.18"
+version = "0.14.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b9b4739a805a62757a83e5654fa3faabec0442666b263bb2287d5a8185bfd953"
+checksum = "7d5d7dca3ebcf65a035582c9ad4385371a9d9ee6537474d2a278f4e1e475bb58"
 dependencies = [
- "bindgen",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "libc",
+ "objc2-audio-toolbox",
+ "objc2-core-audio",
+ "objc2-core-audio-types",
+ "objc2-core-foundation",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cpal"
-version = "0.15.3"
+version = "0.18.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "873dab07c8f743075e57f524c583985fbaf745602acbe916a01539364369a779"
+checksum = "6f02e8d0327b42d3e2e4ab2119af397344eb9fc54a34bf0ddeaa1277af8681f1"
 dependencies = [
  "alsa",
- "core-foundation-sys",
+ "block2 0.6.2",
  "coreaudio-rs",
  "dasp_sample",
- "jni 0.21.1",
+ "futures",
+ "jni",
  "js-sys",
  "libc",
  "mach2",
- "ndk 0.8.0",
+ "ndk",
  "ndk-context",
- "oboe",
- "wasm-bindgen",
- "wasm-bindgen-futures",
+ "num-derive",
+ "num-traits",
+ "objc2 0.6.4",
+ "objc2-audio-toolbox",
+ "objc2-avf-audio",
+ "objc2-core-audio",
+ "objc2-core-audio-types",
+ "objc2-core-foundation",
+ "objc2-foundation 0.3.2",
+ "pipewire",
+ "portable-atomic",
+ "pulseaudio",
  "web-sys",
- "windows 0.54.0",
+ "windows 0.62.2",
+ "windows-core 0.62.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -909,9 +1102,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-utils"
-version = "0.8.22"
+version = "0.8.23"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "61803da095bee82a81bb1a452ecc25d3b2f1416d1897eb86430c6159ef717c17"
+checksum = "a31eee39dddec8330830986fcd7625edb5a24ec90ea038215273bbc3adb08ac6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crunchy"
@@ -1102,7 +1295,9 @@ version = "0.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1e0e367e4e7da84520dedcac1901e4da967309406d1e51017ae1abfb97adbd38"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.6.2",
+ "libc",
  "objc2 0.6.4",
 ]
 
@@ -1114,7 +1309,7 @@ checksum = "c6232dd377dcc64799954cbd3a9bb882e9cdc1308ccd87b1c098f1fb2eaf82a8"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1149,9 +1344,9 @@ checksum = "d8b14ccef22fc6f5a8f4d7d768562a182c04ce9a3b3157b91390b52ddfdf1a76"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ecolor"
-version = "0.31.1"
+version = "0.33.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bc4feb366740ded31a004a0e4452fbf84e80ef432ecf8314c485210229672fd1"
+checksum = "71ddb8ac7643d1dba1bb02110e804406dd459a838efcb14011ced10556711a8e"
 dependencies = [
  "bytemuck",
  "emath",
@@ -1159,9 +1354,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "eframe"
-version = "0.31.1"
+version = "0.33.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d0dfe0859f3fb1bc6424c57d41e10e9093fe938f426b691e42272c2f336d915c"
+checksum = "457481173e6db5ca9fa2be93a58df8f4c7be639587aeb4853b526c6cf87db4e6"
 dependencies = [
  "ahash",
  "bytemuck",
@@ -1188,31 +1383,33 @@ dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen-futures",
  "web-sys",
  "web-time",
- "winapi",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
  "winit",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "egui"
-version = "0.31.1"
+version = "0.33.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "25dd34cec49ab55d85ebf70139cb1ccd29c977ef6b6ba4fe85489d6877ee9ef3"
+checksum = "6a9b567d356674e9a5121ed3fedfb0a7c31e059fe71f6972b691bcd0bfc284e3"
 dependencies = [
+ "accesskit",
  "ahash",
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "emath",
  "epaint",
  "log",
  "nohash-hasher",
  "profiling",
+ "smallvec",
+ "unicode-segmentation",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "egui-wgpu"
-version = "0.31.1"
+version = "0.33.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d319dfef570f699b6e9114e235e862a2ddcf75f0d1a061de9e1328d92146d820"
+checksum = "5e4d209971c84b2352a06174abdba701af1e552ce56b144d96f2bd50a3c91236"
 dependencies = [
  "ahash",
  "bytemuck",
@@ -1221,7 +1418,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "epaint",
  "log",
  "profiling",
- "thiserror 1.0.69",
+ "thiserror 2.0.20",
  "type-map",
  "web-time",
  "wgpu",
@@ -1230,15 +1427,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "egui-winit"
-version = "0.31.1"
+version = "0.33.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7d9dfbb78fe4eb9c3a39ad528b90ee5915c252e77bbab9d4ebc576541ab67e13"
+checksum = "ec6687e5bb551702f4ad10ac428bab12acf9d53047ebb1082d4a0ed8c6251a29"
 dependencies = [
- "ahash",
+ "accesskit_winit",
  "arboard",
  "bytemuck",
  "egui",
  "log",
+ "objc2 0.5.2",
+ "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
+ "objc2-ui-kit",
  "profiling",
  "raw-window-handle",
  "smithay-clipboard",
@@ -1249,11 +1449,10 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "egui_glow"
-version = "0.31.1"
+version = "0.33.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "910906e3f042ea6d2378ec12a6fd07698e14ddae68aed2d819ffe944a73aab9e"
+checksum = "6420863ea1d90e750f75075231a260030ad8a9f30a7cef82cdc966492dc4c4eb"
 dependencies = [
- "ahash",
  "bytemuck",
  "egui",
  "glow",
@@ -1267,15 +1466,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "either"
-version = "1.17.0"
+version = "1.18.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9e5e8f6c15a24b9a3ee5efec809ccd006d3b30e8b3bb63c39af737c7f87daa1d"
+checksum = "252afb9ae5eaa683babdc6a068b3f5726eb19e05070c731f9b2a23a7c3e8ed34"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "emath"
-version = "0.31.1"
+version = "0.33.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9e4cadcff7a5353ba72b7fea76bf2122b5ebdbc68e8155aa56dfdea90083fe1b"
+checksum = "491bdf728bf25ddd9ad60d4cf1c48588fa82c013a2440b91aa7fc43e34a07c32"
 dependencies = [
  "bytemuck",
 ]
@@ -1286,6 +1485,17 @@ version = "1.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "66b7e2430c6dff6a955451e2cfc438f09cea1965a9d6f87f7e3b90decc014099"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "enum-primitive-derive"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ba7795da175654fe16979af73f81f26a8ea27638d8d9823d317016888a63dc4c"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-traits",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.119",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "enumflags2"
 version = "0.7.12"
@@ -1309,9 +1519,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "epaint"
-version = "0.31.1"
+version = "0.33.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "41fcc0f5a7c613afd2dee5e4b30c3e6acafb8ad6f0edb06068811f708a67c562"
+checksum = "009d0dd3c2163823a0abdb899451ecbc78798dec545ee91b43aff1fa790bab62"
 dependencies = [
  "ab_glyph",
  "ahash",
@@ -1327,9 +1537,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "epaint_default_fonts"
-version = "0.31.1"
+version = "0.33.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fc7e7a64c02cf7a5b51e745a9e45f60660a286f151c238b9d397b3e923f5082f"
+checksum = "5c4fbe202b6578d3d56428fa185cdf114a05e49da05f477b3c7f0fbb221f1862"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "equivalent"
@@ -1435,24 +1645,19 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "find-msvc-tools"
-version = "0.1.11"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d45db016d36b838f563236e9193d0ee6ce38f3f68b6c94e914b4929c96bbb890"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "fixedbitset"
-version = "0.5.7"
+version = "0.1.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1d674e81391d1e1ab681a28d99df07927c6d4aa5b027d7da16ba32d1d21ecd99"
+checksum = "3e0f1c7c3a72c66fd80abe965175f7523475c0489a87d3ff9d6e8c87d87a9d2d"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "flate2"
-version = "1.1.9"
+version = "1.1.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "843fba2746e448b37e26a819579957415c8cef339bf08564fe8b7ddbd959573c"
+checksum = "6e634e2e0ebac1ee034020da1ca582e17ffe4e0f5e985823721e168928136dcb"
 dependencies = [
  "crc32fast",
- "miniz_oxide",
+ "miniz_oxide 0.9.1",
+ "zlib-rs",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1467,6 +1672,12 @@ version = "0.1.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d9c4f5dac5e15c24eb999c26181a6ca40b39fe946cbe4c263c7209467bc83af2"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "foldhash"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "77ce24cb58228fbb8aa041425bb1050850ac19177686ea6e0f41a70416f56fdb"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "foreign-types"
 version = "0.5.0"
@@ -1485,7 +1696,7 @@ checksum = "ea5190182e6915eb873ddbc16e23b711b6eb1f9c00a0d0a3a91b5f6228475225"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1519,6 +1730,21 @@ version = "0.4.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7ab85b9b05e3978cc9a9cf8fea7f01b494e1a09ed3037e16ba39edc7a29eb61a"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "futures"
+version = "0.3.34"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9a31d2a3fbaaeb2af2368bbdd904aa8e812d3c04a1ee10d3171f52d556e5d0a3"
+dependencies = [
+ "futures-channel",
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-executor",
+ "futures-io",
+ "futures-sink",
+ "futures-task",
+ "futures-util",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "futures-channel"
 version = "0.3.34"
@@ -1526,6 +1752,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b1f9e3d69d39e4862ffed03ed071a76f9a13ba1d9109d355b0f0aa6b15e393c4"
 dependencies = [
  "futures-core",
+ "futures-sink",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1534,6 +1761,17 @@ version = "0.3.34"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "92d699e522242e69e3003b94ecc1f960f3a5e015aa7c5d7486e65ad01dd94f5e"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "futures-executor"
+version = "0.3.34"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "031b47cf1a3c6cc8bc2fc76cd437f521619387907d469316e7c0bc278f1f5432"
+dependencies = [
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-task",
+ "futures-util",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "futures-io"
 version = "0.3.34"
@@ -1561,7 +1799,7 @@ checksum = "9fb9654ba8355388abeb8dcb4fc62f511300867002afc858860463bdd9fe0c44"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1582,6 +1820,7 @@ version = "0.3.34"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0d50a92467f8ba5dd6e3ee5d4bd04d73ab2e4e1c44474a0674821dfce14b79bc"
 dependencies = [
+ "futures-channel",
  "futures-core",
  "futures-io",
  "futures-macro",
@@ -1609,7 +1848,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1bd49230192a3797a9a4d6abe9b3eed6f7fa4c8a8a4947977c6f80025f92cbd8"
 dependencies = [
  "rustix 1.1.4",
- "windows-link",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1677,9 +1916,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "glob"
-version = "0.3.4"
+version = "0.3.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e4eba85ea1d0a966a983acd07deee566e67395d2d96b6fb39e62b5a833f1eb0b"
+checksum = "0cc23270f6e1808e30a928bdc84dea0b9b4136a8bc82338574f23baf47bbd280"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "glow"
@@ -1699,7 +1938,7 @@ version = "0.32.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "12124de845cacfebedff80e877bb37b5b75c34c5a4c89e47e1cdd67fb6041325"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "cfg_aliases",
  "cgl",
  "dispatch2",
@@ -1759,45 +1998,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "gl_generator",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "gpu-alloc"
-version = "0.6.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "45cf04b2726f02df5508c6de726acdc90cdf97ac771a9a0ffd8ba10a6e696bf9"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "gpu-alloc-types",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "gpu-alloc-types"
-version = "0.3.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b2bbed164dd10ed526c2e4fe3e721ca4a71c61730e5aafac6844b417b3227058"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "gpu-descriptor"
-version = "0.3.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b89c83349105e3732062a895becfc71a8f921bb71ecbbdd8ff99263e3b53a0ca"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "gpu-descriptor-types",
- "hashbrown 0.15.5",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "gpu-descriptor-types"
-version = "0.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fdf242682df893b86f33a73828fb09ca4b2d3bb6cc95249707fc684d27484b91"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "h2"
 version = "0.4.19"
@@ -1825,6 +2025,7 @@ checksum = "6ea2d84b969582b4b1864a92dc5d27cd2b77b622a8d79306834f1be5ba20d84b"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "crunchy",
+ "num-traits",
  "zerocopy",
 ]
 
@@ -1834,7 +2035,16 @@ version = "0.15.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9229cfe53dfd69f0609a49f65461bd93001ea1ef889cd5529dd176593f5338a1"
 dependencies = [
- "foldhash",
+ "foldhash 0.1.5",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hashbrown"
+version = "0.16.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "841d1cc9bed7f9236f321df977030373f4a4163ae1a7dbfe1a51a2c1a51d9100"
+dependencies = [
+ "foldhash 0.2.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1851,9 +2061,9 @@ checksum = "2304e00983f87ffb38b55b444b5e3b60a884b5d30c0fca7d82fe33449bbe55ea"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hermit-abi"
-version = "0.5.2"
+version = "0.5.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fc0fef456e4baa96da950455cd02c081ca953b141298e41db3fc7e36b1da849c"
+checksum = "e17592d60ebacc7d5e169f4663c5f84f9161cc90328abcfe8456f41e4dfcb284"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hex"
@@ -1932,9 +2142,9 @@ checksum = "df3b46402a9d5adb4c86a0cf463f42e19994e3ee891101b1841f30a545cb49a9"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hyper"
-version = "1.11.0"
+version = "1.11.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d22053281f852e11534f5198498373cbb59295120a20771d90f7ed1897490a72"
+checksum = "27b501faa50e7a26c3d3560ca625132f4078a17771f4810baf70475ae48cbe43"
 dependencies = [
  "atomic-waker",
  "bytes",
@@ -2143,9 +2353,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "indexmap"
-version = "2.14.0"
+version = "2.14.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d466e9454f08e4a911e14806c24e16fba1b4c121d1ea474396f396069cf949d9"
+checksum = "cc4e190f5d26ca7051642629da2c52fc03bde85a03197c99408dcd291734c855"
 dependencies = [
  "equivalent",
  "hashbrown 0.17.1",
@@ -2163,9 +2373,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ipnet"
-version = "2.12.1"
+version = "2.12.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6a756c3fac73139e83f14c2d742155dd2b78d3ee56597b419a0579b7bdd6dd78"
+checksum = "791930b43c0d5973160d90a8f3894509f2b273430f5c5c73b668636d0287c5c0"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "itertools"
@@ -2182,22 +2392,6 @@ version = "1.0.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8f42a60cbdf9a97f5d2305f08a87dc4e09308d1276d28c869c684d7777685682"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "jni"
-version = "0.21.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1a87aa2bb7d2af34197c04845522473242e1aa17c12f4935d5856491a7fb8c97"
-dependencies = [
- "cesu8",
- "cfg-if",
- "combine",
- "jni-sys 0.3.1",
- "log",
- "thiserror 1.0.69",
- "walkdir",
- "windows-sys 0.45.0",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "jni"
 version = "0.22.4"
@@ -2212,7 +2406,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "simd_cesu8",
  "thiserror 2.0.20",
  "walkdir",
- "windows-link",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2268,9 +2462,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "js-sys"
-version = "0.3.104"
+version = "0.3.105"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0e0c1080212aad755ea003d18543e8768dd432c48819efd73a7bf1e39b7a5a3a"
+checksum = "ce57d20d1ea864ce2ac172ab472d409214f4fd359f0b2a2775abdf522e2af99e"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "futures-util",
@@ -2290,17 +2484,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "khronos-egl"
-version = "6.0.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6aae1df220ece3c0ada96b8153459b67eebe9ae9212258bb0134ae60416fdf76"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
- "libloading",
- "pkg-config",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "khronos_api"
 version = "3.1.0"
@@ -2335,19 +2518,52 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d7c4b02199fee7c5d21a5ae7d8cfa79a6ef5bb2fc834d6e9058e89c825efdc55"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
- "windows-link",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "libm"
+version = "0.2.16"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b6d2cec3eae94f9f509c767b45932f1ada8350c4bdb85af2fcab4a3c14807981"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "libredox"
 version = "0.1.23"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8d8f1ea3f21fd3405dcaf6c9b5c1630af9afc422d9073ea39c5f6d6c772e08ed"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "libc",
  "plain",
- "redox_syscall 0.9.3",
+ "redox_syscall 0.9.4",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "libspa"
+version = "0.10.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "882f7427e7989dcc9d388b7f05c4630390a1d7696f9ffa469cd4a7a48f0b4c40"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "cc",
+ "cookie-factory",
+ "libc",
+ "libspa-sys",
+ "nom 8.0.0",
+ "rustix 1.1.4",
+ "system-deps",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "libspa-sys"
+version = "0.10.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3b6e17bdaf63ed0d5e4144022624032b41fd9733112e8c74ac26fc9bf1291924"
+dependencies = [
+ "bindgen",
+ "cc",
+ "system-deps",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2356,7 +2572,7 @@ version = "0.2.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "83270a18e9f90d0707c41e9f35efada77b64c0e6f3f1810e71c8368a864d5590"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "libc",
 ]
 
@@ -2439,21 +2655,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mach2"
-version = "0.4.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d640282b302c0bb0a2a8e0233ead9035e3bed871f0b7e81fe4a1ec829765db44"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "malloc_buf"
-version = "0.0.6"
+version = "0.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "62bb907fe88d54d8d9ce32a3cceab4218ed2f6b7d35617cafe9adf84e43919cb"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
-]
+checksum = "dae608c151f68243f2b000364e1f7b186d9c29845f7d2d85bd31b9ad77ad552b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "matchit"
@@ -2495,21 +2699,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "autocfg",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "metal"
-version = "0.31.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f569fb946490b5743ad69813cb19629130ce9374034abe31614a36402d18f99e"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "block",
- "core-graphics-types",
- "foreign-types",
- "log",
- "objc",
- "paste",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "mime"
 version = "0.3.17"
@@ -2532,6 +2721,12 @@ version = "0.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "68354c5c6bd36d73ff3feceb05efa59b6acb7626617f4962be322a825e61f79a"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "minisign-verify"
+version = "0.2.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "22f9645cb765ea72b8111f36c522475d2daa0d22c957a9826437e97534bc4e9e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "miniz_oxide"
 version = "0.8.9"
@@ -2542,13 +2737,24 @@ dependencies = [
  "simd-adler32",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "miniz_oxide"
+version = "0.9.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b63fbc4a50860e98e7b2aa7804ded1db5cbc3aff9193adaff57a6931bf7c4b4c"
+dependencies = [
+ "adler2",
+ "simd-adler32",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "mio"
-version = "1.2.2"
+version = "1.2.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "30d65c71f1ce40ab09135ce117d742b9f8a19ff91a41a8b57ed50bc2de59c427"
+checksum = "4b18443e9c262bfe8fa82f51666e2642c53393f7e5c27b3e1aeab922cff5b9d8"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
+ "log",
  "wasi",
  "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
@@ -2585,38 +2791,27 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "naga"
-version = "24.0.0"
+version = "27.0.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e380993072e52eef724eddfcde0ed013b0c023c3f0417336ed041aa9f076994e"
+checksum = "066cf25f0e8b11ee0df221219010f213ad429855f57c494f995590c861a9a7d8"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayvec",
  "bit-set",
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "cfg-if",
  "cfg_aliases",
  "codespan-reporting",
+ "half",
+ "hashbrown 0.16.1",
  "hexf-parse",
  "indexmap",
+ "libm",
  "log",
+ "num-traits",
+ "once_cell",
  "rustc-hash 1.1.0",
- "spirv",
- "strum",
- "termcolor",
  "thiserror 2.0.20",
- "unicode-xid",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "ndk"
-version = "0.8.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2076a31b7010b17a38c01907c45b945e8f11495ee4dd588309718901b1f7a5b7"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "jni-sys 0.3.1",
- "log",
- "ndk-sys 0.5.0+25.2.9519653",
- "num_enum",
- "thiserror 1.0.69",
+ "unicode-ident",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2625,10 +2820,10 @@ version = "0.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c3f42e7bbe13d351b6bead8286a43aac9534b82bd3cc43e47037f012ebfd62d4"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "jni-sys 0.3.1",
  "log",
- "ndk-sys 0.6.0+11769913",
+ "ndk-sys",
  "num_enum",
  "raw-window-handle",
  "thiserror 1.0.69",
@@ -2640,15 +2835,6 @@ version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "27b02d87554356db9e9a873add8782d4ea6e3e58ea071a9adb9a2e8ddb884a8b"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ndk-sys"
-version = "0.5.0+25.2.9519653"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8c196769dd60fd4f363e11d948139556a344e79d451aeb2fa2fd040738ef7691"
-dependencies = [
- "jni-sys 0.3.1",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ndk-sys"
 version = "0.6.0+11769913"
@@ -2664,7 +2850,7 @@ version = "0.7.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "22f9786d56d972959e1408b6a93be6af13b9c1392036c5c1fafa08a1b0c6ee87"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "byteorder",
  "derive_builder",
  "getset",
@@ -2693,7 +2879,7 @@ version = "0.29.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "71e2746dc3a24dd78b3cfcb7be93368c6de9963d30f43a6a73998a9cf4b17b46"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "cfg-if",
  "cfg_aliases",
  "libc",
@@ -2812,6 +2998,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "071dfc062690e90b734c0b2273ce72ad0ffa95f0c74596bc250dcfd960262841"
 dependencies = [
  "autocfg",
+ "libm",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2837,12 +3024,12 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "objc"
-version = "0.2.7"
+name = "num_threads"
+version = "0.1.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "915b1b472bc21c53464d6c8461c9d3af805ba1ef837e1cac254428f4a77177b1"
+checksum = "5c7398b9c8b70908f6371f47ed36737907c87c52af34c268fed0bf0ceb92ead9"
 dependencies = [
- "malloc_buf",
+ "libc",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2876,8 +3063,8 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e4e89ad9e3d7d297152b17d39ed92cd50ca8063a89a9fa569046d41568891eff"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "block2",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "libc",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-core-data",
@@ -2892,21 +3079,48 @@ version = "0.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d49e936b501e5c5bf01fda3a9452ff86dc3ea98ad5f283e1455153142d97518c"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.6.2",
  "objc2 0.6.4",
  "objc2-core-foundation",
  "objc2-core-graphics",
  "objc2-foundation 0.3.2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "objc2-audio-toolbox"
+version = "0.3.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6948501a91121d6399b79abaa33a8aa4ea7857fe019f341b8c23ad6e81b79b08"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "libc",
+ "objc2 0.6.4",
+ "objc2-core-audio",
+ "objc2-core-audio-types",
+ "objc2-core-foundation",
+ "objc2-foundation 0.3.2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "objc2-avf-audio"
+version = "0.3.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "13a380031deed8e99db00065c45937da434ca987c034e13b87e4441f9e4090be"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "objc2 0.6.4",
+ "objc2-foundation 0.3.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "objc2-cloud-kit"
 version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "74dd3b56391c7a0596a295029734d3c1c5e7e510a4cb30245f8221ccea96b009"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "block2",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-core-location",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
@@ -2918,19 +3132,42 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a5ff520e9c33812fd374d8deecef01d4a840e7b41862d849513de77e44aa4889"
 dependencies = [
- "block2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "objc2-core-audio"
+version = "0.3.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e1eebcea8b0dbff5f7c8504f3107c68fc061a3eb44932051c8cf8a68d969c3b2"
+dependencies = [
+ "dispatch2",
+ "objc2 0.6.4",
+ "objc2-core-audio-types",
+ "objc2-core-foundation",
+ "objc2-foundation 0.3.2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "objc2-core-audio-types"
+version = "0.3.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5a89f2ec274a0cf4a32642b2991e8b351a404d290da87bb6a9a9d8632490bd1c"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "objc2 0.6.4",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "objc2-core-data"
 version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "617fbf49e071c178c0b24c080767db52958f716d9eabdf0890523aeae54773ef"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "block2",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
 ]
@@ -2941,8 +3178,10 @@ version = "0.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "2a180dd8642fa45cdb7dd721cd4c11b1cadd4929ce112ebd8b9f5803cc79d536"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.6.2",
  "dispatch2",
+ "libc",
  "objc2 0.6.4",
 ]
 
@@ -2952,7 +3191,7 @@ version = "0.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e022c9d066895efa1345f8e33e584b9f958da2fd4cd116792e15e07e4720a807"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "dispatch2",
  "objc2 0.6.4",
  "objc2-core-foundation",
@@ -2965,7 +3204,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "55260963a527c99f1819c4f8e3b47fe04f9650694ef348ffd2227e8196d34c80"
 dependencies = [
- "block2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
  "objc2-metal",
@@ -2977,7 +3216,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "000cfee34e683244f284252ee206a27953279d370e309649dc3ee317b37e5781"
 dependencies = [
- "block2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-contacts",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
@@ -2995,8 +3234,8 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0ee638a5da3799329310ad4cfa62fbf045d5f56e3ef5ba4149e7452dcf89d5a8"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "block2",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "dispatch",
  "libc",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
@@ -3008,7 +3247,9 @@ version = "0.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e3e0adef53c21f888deb4fa59fc59f7eb17404926ee8a6f59f5df0fd7f9f3272"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.6.2",
+ "libc",
  "objc2 0.6.4",
  "objc2-core-foundation",
 ]
@@ -3019,7 +3260,7 @@ version = "0.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "180788110936d59bab6bd83b6060ffdfffb3b922ba1396b312ae795e1de9d81d"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "objc2 0.6.4",
  "objc2-core-foundation",
 ]
@@ -3030,7 +3271,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a1a1ae721c5e35be65f01a03b6d2ac13a54cb4fa70d8a5da293d7b0020261398"
 dependencies = [
- "block2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-app-kit 0.2.2",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
@@ -3042,8 +3283,8 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "dd0cba1276f6023976a406a14ffa85e1fdd19df6b0f737b063b95f6c8c7aadd6"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "block2",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
 ]
@@ -3054,8 +3295,8 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e42bee7bff906b14b167da2bac5efe6b6a07e6f7c0a21a7308d40c960242dc7a"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "block2",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
  "objc2-metal",
@@ -3077,8 +3318,8 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b8bb46798b20cd6b91cbd113524c490f1686f4c4e8f49502431415f3512e2b6f"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "block2",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-cloud-kit",
  "objc2-core-data",
@@ -3098,7 +3339,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "44fa5f9748dbfe1ca6c0b79ad20725a11eca7c2218bceb4b005cb1be26273bfe"
 dependencies = [
- "block2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
 ]
@@ -3109,36 +3350,13 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "76cfcbf642358e8689af64cee815d139339f3ed8ad05103ed5eaf73db8d84cb3"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "block2",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-core-location",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "oboe"
-version = "0.6.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e8b61bebd49e5d43f5f8cc7ee2891c16e0f41ec7954d36bcb6c14c5e0de867fb"
-dependencies = [
- "jni 0.21.1",
- "ndk 0.8.0",
- "ndk-context",
- "num-derive",
- "num-traits",
- "oboe-sys",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "oboe-sys"
-version = "0.6.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6c8bb09a4a2b1d668170cfe0a7d5bc103f8999fb316c98099b6a9939c9f2e79d"
-dependencies = [
- "cc",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "oid-registry"
 version = "0.7.1"
@@ -3188,25 +3406,32 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "openless-linux-egui"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "arboard",
  "axum",
  "base64",
+ "chrono",
  "cpal",
  "dbus",
  "eframe",
+ "egui",
  "fs2",
  "futures-util",
  "hyper-util",
+ "image",
  "keyring",
  "libc",
  "local-ip-address",
  "log",
+ "minisign-verify",
  "openless-core",
  "rcgen",
+ "reqwest",
+ "rfd",
  "rustls",
+ "semver",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "sha2",
+ "simplelog",
  "tempfile",
  "time",
  "tokio",
@@ -3225,15 +3450,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "libredox",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ordered-float"
-version = "4.6.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7bb71e1b3fa6ca1c61f383464aaf2bb0e2f8e772a1f01d486832464de363b951"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ordered-stream"
 version = "0.2.0"
@@ -3244,16 +3460,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "pin-project-lite",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "os_pipe"
-version = "1.2.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7d8fae84b431384b68627d0f9b3b1245fcf9f46f6c0e3dc902e9dce64edd1967"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "owned_ttf_parser"
 version = "0.25.1"
@@ -3289,15 +3495,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "redox_syscall 0.5.18",
  "smallvec",
- "windows-link",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "paste"
-version = "1.0.15"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "57c0d7b74b563b49d38dae00a0c37d4d6de9b432382b2892f0574ddcae73fd0a"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "pbkdf2"
 version = "0.12.2"
@@ -3324,17 +3524,6 @@ version = "2.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9b4f627cb1b25917193a259e49bdad08f671f8d9708acfd5fe0a8c1455d87220"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "petgraph"
-version = "0.8.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8701b58ea97060d5e5b155d383a69952a60943f0e6dfe30b04c287beb0b27455"
-dependencies = [
- "fixedbitset",
- "hashbrown 0.15.5",
- "indexmap",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "phf"
 version = "0.13.1"
@@ -3425,6 +3614,31 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures-io",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "pipewire"
+version = "0.10.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bde71084c4e25959d68f1ea54daa75e5ecdb338e5caf0b5510143b79baa32d5c"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "libc",
+ "libspa",
+ "libspa-sys",
+ "pipewire-sys",
+ "rustix 1.1.4",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pipewire-sys"
+version = "0.10.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9ce653f53e63e5b93853218092ee9a8906a5d082c92f3f1db26316955dd63ce0"
+dependencies = [
+ "bindgen",
+ "libspa-sys",
+ "system-deps",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "pkg-config"
 version = "0.3.34"
@@ -3443,11 +3657,11 @@ version = "0.18.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "60769b8b31b2a9f263dae2776c37b1b28ae246943cf719eb6946a1db05128a61"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "crc32fast",
  "fdeflate",
  "flate2",
- "miniz_oxide",
+ "miniz_oxide 0.8.9",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3464,6 +3678,27 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "pollster"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2f3a9f18d041e6d0e102a0a46750538147e5e8992d3b4873aaafee2520b00ce3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "portable-atomic"
+version = "1.15.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "05c8b63e8d9609db387f0324918f81d68fe27748f084ef092fb35954d0539a85"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "portable-atomic-util"
+version = "0.2.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "10ab3eb7f3becc3a1cbc4f2c6f20267996cfc1a6467a873763411b136a122715"
+dependencies = [
+ "portable-atomic",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "potential_utf"
 version = "0.1.6"
@@ -3529,7 +3764,23 @@ checksum = "1c8d9ca532f185d5d4db7a7c9d51420b452168ea1c2b913953281bd6fe1fcbd0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pulseaudio"
+version = "0.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d70623bd7967a9ca4c2ae0e807fc380b291f98480fc037042305ec643a4d3373"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "byteorder",
+ "enum-primitive-derive",
+ "futures",
+ "log",
+ "mio",
+ "num-traits",
+ "thiserror 1.0.69",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3646,10 +3897,20 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e058c7de0b26af77780c769414d6257830bb240f3c38477dbc2c16e5f54d6d4c"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
- "rand_chacha",
+ "rand_chacha 0.3.1",
  "rand_core 0.6.4",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rand"
+version = "0.9.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b9ef1d0d795eb7d84685bca4f72f3649f064e6641543d3a8c415898726a57b41"
+dependencies = [
+ "rand_chacha 0.9.0",
+ "rand_core 0.9.5",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rand"
 version = "0.10.2"
@@ -3671,6 +3932,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "rand_core 0.6.4",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_chacha"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d3022b5f1df60f26e1ffddd6c66e8aa15de382ae63b3a0c1bfc0e4d3e3f325cb"
+dependencies = [
+ "ppv-lite86",
+ "rand_core 0.9.5",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rand_core"
 version = "0.6.4"
@@ -3680,6 +3951,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.2.17",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_core"
+version = "0.9.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "76afc826de14238e6e8c374ddcc1fa19e374fd8dd986b0d2af0d02377261d83c"
+dependencies = [
+ "getrandom 0.3.4",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rand_core"
 version = "0.10.1"
@@ -3730,16 +4010,16 @@ version = "0.5.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ed2bf2547551a7053d6fdfafda3f938979645c44812fbfcda098faae3f1a362d"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "redox_syscall"
-version = "0.9.3"
+version = "0.9.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d678d17679829e73d371e96880897e98fee2ded7acc0a50bdf8af2affa4b2fe5"
+checksum = "737970939a87c6fa31e7acad13307bccbb017a073b695b6089a2c484f929e20e"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3829,8 +4109,32 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "ring"
-version = "0.17.14"
+name = "rfd"
+version = "0.16.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a15ad77d9e70a92437d8f74c35d99b4e4691128df018833e99f90bcd36152672"
+dependencies = [
+ "ashpd",
+ "block2 0.6.2",
+ "dispatch2",
+ "js-sys",
+ "log",
+ "objc2 0.6.4",
+ "objc2-app-kit 0.3.2",
+ "objc2-core-foundation",
+ "objc2-foundation 0.3.2",
+ "pollster",
+ "raw-window-handle",
+ "urlencoding",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+ "wasm-bindgen-futures",
+ "web-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.60.2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ring"
+version = "0.17.14"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a4689e6c2294d81e88dc6261c768b63bc4fcdb852be6d1352498b114f61383b7"
 dependencies = [
@@ -3869,7 +4173,7 @@ checksum = "1c25ef604ac7dd839d44d64648952ea23c97866f124ff671b0ed2cf3ad9bb06e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3908,7 +4212,7 @@ version = "0.38.44"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "fdb5bc1ae2baa591800df16c9ca78619bf65c0488b41b96ccec5d11220d8c154"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "errno",
  "libc",
  "linux-raw-sys 0.4.15",
@@ -3921,7 +4225,7 @@ version = "1.1.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b6fe4565b9518b83ef4f91bb47ce29620ca828bd32cb7e408f0062e9930ba190"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "errno",
  "libc",
  "linux-raw-sys 0.12.1",
@@ -3930,9 +4234,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustls"
-version = "0.23.43"
+version = "0.23.44"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0283386ce02abc0151e1761d08802dfe86c173b0b494af5cbc086574e453da06"
+checksum = "6725596c3f2c3a0aef021139e145d4eafe314a6623e4680ca83852b2c67ab2ba"
 dependencies = [
  "log",
  "once_cell",
@@ -4013,7 +4317,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "rand 0.8.8",
  "serde",
  "sha2",
- "zbus",
+ "zbus 4.4.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4049,7 +4353,7 @@ checksum = "e7a5d71263a5a7d47b41f6b3f06ba276f10cc18b0931f1799f710578e2309348"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4073,7 +4377,16 @@ checksum = "8d3b1629de253c70a0508c3899572da79ca359fdab27c7920ff00406df418906"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "serde_spanned"
+version = "1.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6662b5879511e06e8999a8a235d848113e942c9124f211511b16466ee2995f26"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde_core",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4154,6 +4467,17 @@ version = "0.1.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e3a9fe34e3e7a50316060351f37187a3f546bce95496156754b601a5fa71b76e"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "simplelog"
+version = "0.12.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "16257adbfaef1ee58b1363bdc0664c9b8e1e30aed86049635fb5f147d065a9c0"
+dependencies = [
+ "log",
+ "termcolor",
+ "time",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "siphasher"
 version = "1.0.3"
@@ -4177,9 +4501,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "smallvec"
-version = "1.15.2"
+version = "1.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8ed6a63f02c8539c91a8685a86f4099661ba3da017932f6ebbea6de3f0fa7c90"
+checksum = "b9be42f50aa861c555654aa3a37f52f4b1074bacf4e48fe0ef7fa584e80f1f0f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "smithay-client-toolkit"
@@ -4187,7 +4511,7 @@ version = "0.19.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3457dea1f0eb631b4034d61d4d8c32074caa6cd1ab2d59f2327bd8461e2c0016"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "calloop 0.13.0",
  "calloop-wayland-source 0.3.0",
  "cursor-icon",
@@ -4212,7 +4536,7 @@ version = "0.20.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0512da38f5e2b31201a93524adb8d3136276fa4fe4aafab4e1f727a82b534cc0"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "calloop 0.14.4",
  "calloop-wayland-source 0.4.1",
  "cursor-icon",
@@ -4263,15 +4587,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "spirv"
-version = "0.3.0+sdk-1.3.268.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "eda41003dc44290527a59b13432d4a0379379fa074b70174882adfbdfd917844"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "stable_deref_trait"
 version = "1.2.1"
@@ -4290,28 +4605,6 @@ version = "0.11.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7da8b5736845d9f2fcb837ea5d9e2628564b3b043a70948a3f0b778838c5fb4f"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "strum"
-version = "0.26.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8fec0f0aef304996cf250b31b5a10dee7980c85da9d759361292b8bca5a18f06"
-dependencies = [
- "strum_macros",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "strum_macros"
-version = "0.26.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4c6bee85a5a24955dc440386795aa378cd9cf82acd5f764469152d2270e581be"
-dependencies = [
- "heck",
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "rustversion",
- "syn 2.0.119",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "subtle"
 version = "2.6.1"
@@ -4331,9 +4624,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "3.0.4"
+version = "3.0.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e6275cddf4610d1775e6d1fe9469b2e77d0f39fd98fb7450901b821e0c53649f"
+checksum = "12df2e0110f65b775f769bb17ef989067a1d931b2eb822bd4346631eeada89f9"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -4366,7 +4659,7 @@ version = "0.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a13f3d0daba03132c0aa9767f98351b3488edc2c100cda2d2ec2b04f3d8d3c8b"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "core-foundation",
  "system-configuration-sys",
 ]
@@ -4381,6 +4674,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "system-deps"
+version = "7.0.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "396a35feb67335377e0251fcbc1092fc85c484bd4e3a7a54319399da127796e7"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-expr",
+ "heck",
+ "pkg-config",
+ "toml",
+ "version-compare",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tar"
 version = "0.4.46"
@@ -4392,6 +4698,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "xattr",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "target-lexicon"
+version = "0.13.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "adb6935a6f5c20170eeceb1a3835a49e12e19d792f6dd344ccc76a985ca5a6ca"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tempfile"
 version = "3.27.0"
@@ -4451,7 +4763,7 @@ checksum = "bc04cd3e1236dd4a98afca4569f2deb3f120e5422a4023be2cb683f8486292af"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4475,7 +4787,9 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "cdb87b95ec50ddfa440816d227a17b2ccbdda963a316a727fda0fc4334f7d134"
 dependencies = [
  "deranged",
+ "libc",
  "num-conv",
+ "num_threads",
  "powerfmt",
  "serde_core",
  "time-core",
@@ -4510,9 +4824,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tinyvec"
-version = "1.12.0"
+version = "1.13.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bb4ebadaa0af04fab11ae01eb5f9fdb5f9c5b875506e210e71c07873528baa7f"
+checksum = "4cf0ded5c4e56918d8f8a339e1bb67d038d3bc6d144ac407904015ba2e4cde9b"
 dependencies = [
  "tinyvec_macros",
 ]
@@ -4536,6 +4850,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "signal-hook-registry",
  "socket2",
  "tokio-macros",
+ "tracing",
  "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
@@ -4547,14 +4862,14 @@ checksum = "78773a2a397f451582ce068015985c33193cf6dea8b74d2a639fe457b2f07b0e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio-rustls"
-version = "0.26.4"
+version = "0.26.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1729aa945f29d91ba541258c8df89027d5792d85a8841fb65e8bf0f4ede4ef61"
+checksum = "b0c85f2c3ef0b1cd58b36682f4b17aaa995f0e5db534d85692b4903abce21f67"
 dependencies = [
  "rustls",
  "tokio",
@@ -4590,6 +4905,21 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "toml"
+version = "1.1.2+spec-1.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "81f3d15e84cbcd896376e6730314d59fb5a87f31e4b038454184435cd57defee"
+dependencies = [
+ "indexmap",
+ "serde_core",
+ "serde_spanned",
+ "toml_datetime",
+ "toml_parser",
+ "toml_writer",
+ "winnow",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_datetime"
 version = "1.1.1+spec-1.1.0"
@@ -4601,9 +4931,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_edit"
-version = "0.25.13+spec-1.1.0"
+version = "0.25.15+spec-1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6975367e4d2ef766d86af01ffad14b622fecc8d4357a998fbc4deb6e9bacaf9b"
+checksum = "1340ea94a5856333492c9064b02c778b191dd2c853778d9609debdcdfea3a614"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap",
  "toml_datetime",
@@ -4620,6 +4950,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "winnow",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "toml_writer"
+version = "1.1.1+spec-1.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "756daf9b1013ebe47a8776667b466417e2d4c5679d441c26230efd9ef78692db"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tower"
 version = "0.5.3"
@@ -4641,7 +4977,7 @@ version = "0.6.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "4cfcf7e2740e6fc6d4d688b4ef00650406bb94adf4731e43c096c3a19fe40840"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "bytes",
  "futures-util",
  "http",
@@ -4697,17 +5033,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "tree_magic_mini"
-version = "3.2.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b8765b90061cba6c22b5831f675da109ae5561588290f9fa2317adab2714d5a6"
-dependencies = [
- "memchr",
- "nom 8.0.0",
- "petgraph",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "try-lock"
 version = "0.2.5"
@@ -4786,15 +5111,9 @@ checksum = "c6f5d3c3b1bf09027a88a6bc961fc00497d651009560b5463668dc81b0fa87a8"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-width"
-version = "0.1.14"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7dd6e30e90baa6f72411720665d41d89b9a3d039dc45b8faea1ddd07f617f6af"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "unicode-xid"
-version = "0.2.6"
+version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ebc1c04c71510c7f702b52b7c350734c9ff1295c464a03335b00bb84fc54f853"
+checksum = "b4ac048d71ede7ee76d585517add45da530660ef4390e49b098733c6e897f254"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "untrusted"
@@ -4815,6 +5134,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_derive",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "urlencoding"
+version = "2.1.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "daf8dba3b7eb870caf1ddeed7bc9d2a049f3cfdfae7cb521b087cc33ae4c49da"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "utf-8"
 version = "0.7.6"
@@ -4829,9 +5154,9 @@ checksum = "b6c140620e7ffbb22c2dee59cafe6084a59b5ffc27a8859a5f0d494b5d52b6be"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "uuid"
-version = "1.26.0"
+version = "1.26.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b5772d71c9be8a8a6ac2117d949c5b224c1b72241bb611d9a3012edcf8af7812"
+checksum = "2ef6dac1e96601b4fb3acccccff2139741fcb757cb9a36089bf5be91cfb285ce"
 dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.4.3",
  "js-sys",
@@ -4839,6 +5164,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "version-compare"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "03c2856837ef78f57382f06b2b8563a2f512f7185d732608fd9176cb3b8edf0e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "version_check"
 version = "0.9.5"
@@ -4881,9 +5212,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen"
-version = "0.2.127"
+version = "0.2.128"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1b70935747edd64d89de3efa29d73789b806c15798f8e7dca4d8ac356b50ce70"
+checksum = "aecb87a33d3b0c5e3b7aa46336eaf486cffafbd281b195e4c8b80d50df2351bf"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "once_cell",
@@ -4894,9 +5225,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-futures"
-version = "0.4.77"
+version = "0.4.78"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6b7777d5cc23d0e91404e53ce2d5e8ec7acae3026b16233dba62cd3246457950"
+checksum = "6ef4c5d3d2cdf5c54f4231181768f5510842e350db025faf1f7163b1030ed928"
 dependencies = [
  "js-sys",
  "wasm-bindgen",
@@ -4904,9 +5235,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro"
-version = "0.2.127"
+version = "0.2.128"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "77775f8f3f7217702089053b94958f8f54061a3f663417df76e19cbdcca29bc1"
+checksum = "a690d511e3c1a8b3a55e33511e3c2c00c78415cd23650f32b808627f5696b9ed"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro-support",
@@ -4914,22 +5245,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro-support"
-version = "0.2.127"
+version = "0.2.128"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e11d33f857dc2fb11b8bc75aee111aa9cbeb12cd9f25efd3d4c2a3dd4e235284"
+checksum = "411e4887f0071ef2d2164a9d5fdf2d20efbef78fccd3a78b0c10a1dc5295e48a"
 dependencies = [
  "bumpalo",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.119",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-shared"
-version = "0.2.127"
+version = "0.2.128"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7ef64dbcc55df09c7e5a46182d181c2cfa3e925f3da937ea764728b4bbb9dcbf"
+checksum = "81941cd78d0c92026c33e5e01312845a4cb1e9af3407f9134b100dd03144103e"
 dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -4967,7 +5298,7 @@ version = "0.31.15"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e3c36a0f861ad76d0901f2800b46321410d9f73f2ea88aac0650d86c32688073"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "rustix 1.1.4",
  "wayland-backend",
  "wayland-scanner",
@@ -4979,7 +5310,7 @@ version = "0.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "625c5029dbd43d25e6aa9615e88b829a5cad13b2819c4ae129fdbb7c31ab4c7e"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "cursor-icon",
  "wayland-backend",
 ]
@@ -5001,7 +5332,7 @@ version = "0.32.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "23d0c813de3daa2ed6520af85a3bd49b0e722a3078506899aa9686fea58dc4b6"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "wayland-backend",
  "wayland-client",
  "wayland-scanner",
@@ -5013,7 +5344,7 @@ version = "20250721.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "40a1f863128dcaaec790d7b4b396cc9b9a7a079e878e18c47e6c2d2c5a8dcbb1"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "wayland-backend",
  "wayland-client",
  "wayland-protocols",
@@ -5026,7 +5357,7 @@ version = "0.3.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6e9567599ef23e09b8dad6e429e5738d4509dfc46b3b21f32841a304d16b29c8"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "wayland-backend",
  "wayland-client",
  "wayland-protocols",
@@ -5039,7 +5370,7 @@ version = "0.3.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "2b6d8cf1eb2c1c31ed1f5643c88a6e53538129d4af80030c8cabd1f9fa884d91"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "wayland-backend",
  "wayland-client",
  "wayland-protocols",
@@ -5052,7 +5383,7 @@ version = "0.3.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "eb04e52f7836d7c7976c78ca0250d61e33873c34156a2a1fc9474828ec268234"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "wayland-backend",
  "wayland-client",
  "wayland-protocols",
@@ -5084,9 +5415,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "web-sys"
-version = "0.3.104"
+version = "0.3.105"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c435338968042f4f59a557f690a253676d47ce13ceb55d70100e7facf6620a30"
+checksum = "9fbddc4a036f00ec4f18c83445bd3115cb306a91da554919a099d9222fe4a7f8"
 dependencies = [
  "js-sys",
  "wasm-bindgen",
@@ -5108,7 +5439,7 @@ version = "1.2.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "62c35be770821a214dbc362fc26908c853e776c0004294d0b10b8a6bad582f94"
 dependencies = [
- "jni 0.22.4",
+ "jni",
  "log",
  "ndk-context",
  "objc2 0.6.4",
@@ -5144,24 +5475,22 @@ checksum = "a28ac98ddc8b9274cb41bb4d9d4d5c425b6020c50c46f25559911905610b4a88"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wgpu"
-version = "24.0.5"
+version = "27.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6b0b3436f0729f6cdf2e6e9201f3d39dc95813fad61d826c1ed07918b4539353"
+checksum = "bfe68bac7cde125de7a731c3400723cadaaf1703795ad3f4805f187459cd7a77"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayvec",
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "cfg-if",
  "cfg_aliases",
  "document-features",
- "js-sys",
+ "hashbrown 0.16.1",
  "log",
- "parking_lot",
+ "portable-atomic",
  "profiling",
  "raw-window-handle",
  "smallvec",
  "static_assertions",
- "wasm-bindgen",
- "wasm-bindgen-futures",
- "web-sys",
  "wgpu-core",
  "wgpu-hal",
  "wgpu-types",
@@ -5169,79 +5498,74 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wgpu-core"
-version = "24.0.5"
+version = "27.0.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7f0aa306497a238d169b9dc70659105b4a096859a34894544ca81719242e1499"
+checksum = "27a75de515543b1897b26119f93731b385a19aea165a1ec5f0e3acecc229cae7"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayvec",
+ "bit-set",
  "bit-vec",
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "bytemuck",
  "cfg_aliases",
  "document-features",
+ "hashbrown 0.16.1",
  "indexmap",
  "log",
  "naga",
  "once_cell",
  "parking_lot",
+ "portable-atomic",
  "profiling",
  "raw-window-handle",
  "rustc-hash 1.1.0",
  "smallvec",
  "thiserror 2.0.20",
+ "wgpu-core-deps-windows-linux-android",
  "wgpu-hal",
  "wgpu-types",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wgpu-core-deps-windows-linux-android"
+version = "27.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "71197027d61a71748e4120f05a9242b2ad142e3c01f8c1b47707945a879a03c3"
+dependencies = [
+ "wgpu-hal",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "wgpu-hal"
-version = "24.0.4"
+version = "27.0.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f112f464674ca69f3533248508ee30cb84c67cf06c25ff6800685f5e0294e259"
+checksum = "5b21cb61c57ee198bc4aff71aeadff4cbb80b927beb912506af9c780d64313ce"
 dependencies = [
- "android_system_properties",
- "arrayvec",
- "ash",
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "bytemuck",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "cfg-if",
  "cfg_aliases",
- "core-graphics-types",
- "glow",
- "glutin_wgl_sys",
- "gpu-alloc",
- "gpu-descriptor",
- "js-sys",
- "khronos-egl",
- "libc",
  "libloading",
  "log",
- "metal",
  "naga",
- "ndk-sys 0.5.0+25.2.9519653",
- "objc",
- "once_cell",
- "ordered-float",
- "parking_lot",
- "profiling",
+ "portable-atomic",
+ "portable-atomic-util",
  "raw-window-handle",
  "renderdoc-sys",
- "rustc-hash 1.1.0",
- "smallvec",
  "thiserror 2.0.20",
- "wasm-bindgen",
- "web-sys",
  "wgpu-types",
- "windows 0.58.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wgpu-types"
-version = "24.0.0"
+version = "27.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "50ac044c0e76c03a0378e7786ac505d010a873665e2d51383dcff8dd227dc69c"
+checksum = "afdcf84c395990db737f2dd91628706cb31e86d72e53482320d368e52b5da5eb"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "bytemuck",
  "js-sys",
  "log",
+ "thiserror 2.0.20",
  "web-sys",
 ]
 
@@ -5278,45 +5602,58 @@ checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows"
-version = "0.54.0"
+version = "0.61.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9252e5725dbed82865af151df558e754e4a3c2c30818359eb17465f1346a1b49"
+checksum = "9babd3a767a4c1aef6900409f85f5d53ce2544ccdfaa86dad48c91782c6d6893"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-core 0.54.0",
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-collections 0.2.0",
+ "windows-core 0.61.2",
+ "windows-future 0.2.1",
+ "windows-link 0.1.3",
+ "windows-numerics 0.2.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows"
-version = "0.58.0"
+version = "0.62.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "dd04d41d93c4992d421894c18c8b43496aa748dd4c081bac0dc93eb0489272b6"
+checksum = "527fadee13e0c05939a6a05d5bd6eec6cd2e3dbd648b9f8e447c6518133d8580"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-core 0.58.0",
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-collections 0.3.2",
+ "windows-core 0.62.2",
+ "windows-future 0.3.2",
+ "windows-numerics 0.3.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows-core"
-version = "0.54.0"
+name = "windows-collections"
+version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "12661b9c89351d684a50a8a643ce5f608e20243b9fb84687800163429f161d65"
+checksum = "3beeceb5e5cfd9eb1d76b381630e82c4241ccd0d27f1a39ed41b2760b255c5e8"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-result 0.1.2",
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-core 0.61.2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-collections"
+version = "0.3.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "23b2d95af1a8a14a3c7367e1ed4fc9c20e0a26e79551b1454d72583c97cc6610"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-core 0.62.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-core"
-version = "0.58.0"
+version = "0.61.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6ba6d44ec8c2591c134257ce647b7ea6b20335bf6379a27dac5f1641fcf59f99"
+checksum = "c0fdd3ddb90610c7638aa2b3a3ab2904fb9e5cdbecc643ddb3647212781c4ae3"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-implement 0.58.0",
- "windows-interface 0.58.0",
- "windows-result 0.2.0",
- "windows-strings 0.1.0",
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-implement",
+ "windows-interface",
+ "windows-link 0.1.3",
+ "windows-result 0.3.4",
+ "windows-strings 0.4.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5325,40 +5662,40 @@ version = "0.62.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b8e83a14d34d0623b51dce9581199302a221863196a1dde71a7663a4c2be9deb"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-implement 0.60.2",
- "windows-interface 0.59.3",
- "windows-link",
+ "windows-implement",
+ "windows-interface",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
  "windows-result 0.4.1",
  "windows-strings 0.5.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows-implement"
-version = "0.58.0"
+name = "windows-future"
+version = "0.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2bbd5b46c938e506ecbce286b6628a02171d56153ba733b6c741fc627ec9579b"
+checksum = "fc6a41e98427b19fe4b73c550f060b59fa592d7d686537eebf9385621bfbad8e"
 dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.119",
+ "windows-core 0.61.2",
+ "windows-link 0.1.3",
+ "windows-threading 0.1.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows-implement"
-version = "0.60.2"
+name = "windows-future"
+version = "0.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "053e2e040ab57b9dc951b72c264860db7eb3b0200ba345b4e4c3b14f67855ddf"
+checksum = "e1d6f90251fe18a279739e78025bd6ddc52a7e22f921070ccdc67dde84c605cb"
 dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.119",
+ "windows-core 0.62.2",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
+ "windows-threading 0.2.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows-interface"
-version = "0.58.0"
+name = "windows-implement"
+version = "0.60.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "053c4c462dc91d3b1504c6fe5a726dd15e216ba718e84a0e46a88fbe5ded3515"
+checksum = "053e2e040ab57b9dc951b72c264860db7eb3b0200ba345b4e4c3b14f67855ddf"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -5376,6 +5713,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 2.0.119",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-link"
+version = "0.1.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5e6ad25900d524eaabdbbb96d20b4311e1e7ae1699af4fb28c17ae66c80d798a"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-link"
 version = "0.2.1"
@@ -5383,32 +5726,43 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f0805222e57f7521d6a62e36fa9163bc891acd422f971defe97d64e70d0a4fe5"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows-registry"
-version = "0.6.1"
+name = "windows-numerics"
+version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "02752bf7fbdcce7f2a27a742f798510f3e5ad88dbe84871e5168e2120c3d5720"
+checksum = "9150af68066c4c5c07ddc0ce30421554771e528bde427614c61038bc2c92c2b1"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-link",
- "windows-result 0.4.1",
- "windows-strings 0.5.1",
+ "windows-core 0.61.2",
+ "windows-link 0.1.3",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows-result"
-version = "0.1.2"
+name = "windows-numerics"
+version = "0.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5e383302e8ec8515204254685643de10811af0ed97ea37210dc26fb0032647f8"
+checksum = "6e2e40844ac143cdb44aead537bbf727de9b044e107a0f1220392177d15b0f26"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-core 0.62.2",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-registry"
+version = "0.6.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "02752bf7fbdcce7f2a27a742f798510f3e5ad88dbe84871e5168e2120c3d5720"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
+ "windows-result 0.4.1",
+ "windows-strings 0.5.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-result"
-version = "0.2.0"
+version = "0.3.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1d1043d8214f791817bab27572aaa8af63732e11bf84aa21a45a78d6c317ae0e"
+checksum = "56f42bd332cc6c8eac5af113fc0c1fd6a8fd2aa08a0119358686e5160d0586c6"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-link 0.1.3",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5417,17 +5771,16 @@ version = "0.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7781fa89eaf60850ac3d2da7af8e5242a5ea78d1a11c49bf2910bb5a73853eb5"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-link",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-strings"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4cd9b125c486025df0eabcb585e62173c6c9eddcec5d117d3b6e8c30e2ee4d10"
+checksum = "56e6c93f3a0c3b36176cb1327a4958a0353d5d166c2a35cb268ace15e91d3b57"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-result 0.2.0",
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-link 0.1.3",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5436,16 +5789,7 @@ version = "0.5.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7837d08f69c77cf6b07689544538e017c1bfcf57e34b4c0ff58e6c2cd3b37091"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-link",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "windows-sys"
-version = "0.45.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "75283be5efb2831d37ea142365f009c02ec203cd29a3ebecbc093d52315b66d0"
-dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.42.2",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5481,22 +5825,7 @@ version = "0.61.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ae137229bcbd6cdf0f7b80a31df61766145077ddf49416a728b02cb3921ff3fc"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-link",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "windows-targets"
-version = "0.42.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8e5180c00cd44c9b1c88adb3693291f1cd93605ded80c250a75d472756b4d071"
-dependencies = [
- "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.42.2",
- "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.42.2",
- "windows_i686_gnu 0.42.2",
- "windows_i686_msvc 0.42.2",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.42.2",
- "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.42.2",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.42.2",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5521,7 +5850,7 @@ version = "0.53.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "4945f9f551b88e0d65f3db0bc25c33b8acea4d9e41163edf90dcd0b19f9069f3"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-link",
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
  "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.53.1",
  "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.53.1",
  "windows_i686_gnu 0.53.1",
@@ -5533,10 +5862,22 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.42.2"
+name = "windows-threading"
+version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "597a5118570b68bc08d8d59125332c54f1ba9d9adeedeef5b99b02ba2b0698f8"
+checksum = "b66463ad2e0ea3bbf808b7f1d371311c80e115c0b71d60efc142cafbcfb057a6"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link 0.1.3",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-threading"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3949bd5b99cafdf1c7ca86b43ca564028dfe27d66958f2470940f73d86d75b37"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link 0.2.1",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
@@ -5550,12 +5891,6 @@ version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a9d8416fa8b42f5c947f8482c43e7d89e73a173cead56d044f6a56104a6d1b53"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
-version = "0.42.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e08e8864a60f06ef0d0ff4ba04124db8b0fb3be5776a5cd47641e942e58c4d43"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -5568,12 +5903,6 @@ version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b9d782e804c2f632e395708e99a94275910eb9100b2114651e04744e9b125006"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_gnu"
-version = "0.42.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c61d927d8da41da96a81f029489353e68739737d3beca43145c8afec9a31a84f"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -5598,12 +5927,6 @@ version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "fa7359d10048f68ab8b09fa71c3daccfb0e9b559aed648a8f95469c27057180c"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_msvc"
-version = "0.42.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "44d840b6ec649f480a41c8d80f9c65108b92d89345dd94027bfe06ac444d1060"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -5616,12 +5939,6 @@ version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1e7ac75179f18232fe9c285163565a57ef8d3c89254a30685b57d83a38d326c2"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
-version = "0.42.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8de912b8b8feb55c064867cf047dda097f92d51efad5b491dfb98f6bbb70cb36"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -5634,12 +5951,6 @@ version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9c3842cdd74a865a8066ab39c8a7a473c0778a3f29370b5fd6b4b9aa7df4a499"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.42.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "26d41b46a36d453748aedef1486d5c7a85db22e56aff34643984ea85514e94a3"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -5652,12 +5963,6 @@ version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0ffa179e2d07eee8ad8f57493436566c7cc30ac536a3379fdf008f47f6bb7ae1"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
-version = "0.42.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9aec5da331524158c6d1a4ac0ab1541149c0b9505fde06423b02f5ef0106b9f0"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -5679,8 +5984,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "ahash",
  "android-activity",
  "atomic-waker",
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
- "block2",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
+ "block2 0.5.1",
  "bytemuck",
  "calloop 0.13.0",
  "cfg_aliases",
@@ -5692,7 +5997,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "js-sys",
  "libc",
  "memmap2",
- "ndk 0.9.0",
+ "ndk",
  "objc2 0.5.2",
  "objc2-app-kit 0.2.2",
  "objc2-foundation 0.2.2",
@@ -5736,24 +6041,6 @@ version = "0.57.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1ebf944e87a7c253233ad6766e082e3cd714b5d03812acc24c318f549614536e"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "wl-clipboard-rs"
-version = "0.9.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e9651471a32e87d96ef3a127715382b2d11cc7c8bb9822ded8a7cc94072eb0a3"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
- "log",
- "os_pipe",
- "rustix 1.1.4",
- "thiserror 2.0.20",
- "tree_magic_mini",
- "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client",
- "wayland-protocols",
- "wayland-protocols-wlr",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "writeable"
 version = "0.6.4"
@@ -5842,7 +6129,7 @@ version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d039de8032a9a8856a6be89cea3e5d12fdd82306ab7c94d74e6deab2460651c5"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.13.1",
+ "bitflags 2.13.2",
  "dlib",
  "log",
  "once_cell",
@@ -5929,9 +6216,69 @@ dependencies = [
  "uds_windows",
  "windows-sys 0.52.0",
  "xdg-home",
- "zbus_macros",
- "zbus_names",
- "zvariant",
+ "zbus_macros 4.4.0",
+ "zbus_names 3.0.0",
+ "zvariant 4.2.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zbus"
+version = "5.19.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5db4be7c075cb421e4b7ee645541604239bd243ba7c357511f4ff3a74b555907"
+dependencies = [
+ "async-broadcast",
+ "async-executor",
+ "async-io",
+ "async-lock",
+ "async-process",
+ "async-recursion",
+ "async-task",
+ "async-trait",
+ "blocking",
+ "enumflags2",
+ "event-listener",
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-lite",
+ "hex",
+ "libc",
+ "ordered-stream",
+ "rustix 1.1.4",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_repr",
+ "tokio",
+ "tracing",
+ "uds_windows",
+ "uuid",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "winnow",
+ "zbus_macros 5.19.0",
+ "zbus_names 4.3.4",
+ "zvariant 5.15.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zbus-lockstep"
+version = "0.5.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6998de05217a084b7578728a9443d04ea4cd80f2a0839b8d78770b76ccd45863"
+dependencies = [
+ "zbus_xml",
+ "zvariant 5.15.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zbus-lockstep-macros"
+version = "0.5.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "10da05367f3a7b7553c8cdf8fa91aee6b64afebe32b51c95177957efc47ca3a0"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.119",
+ "zbus-lockstep",
+ "zbus_xml",
+ "zvariant 5.15.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5944,7 +6291,22 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "syn 2.0.119",
- "zvariant_utils",
+ "zvariant_utils 2.1.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zbus_macros"
+version = "5.19.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2990635d09ade6df1868f72f8cac69a876a90981e8bd3c40b1be413f8dc88f40"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro-crate",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
+ "zbus_names 4.3.4",
+ "zvariant 5.15.0",
+ "zvariant_utils 4.2.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5955,23 +6317,55 @@ checksum = "4b9b1fef7d021261cc16cba64c351d291b715febe0fa10dc3a443ac5a5022e6c"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "static_assertions",
- "zvariant",
+ "zvariant 4.2.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zbus_names"
+version = "4.3.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d8bf88b4a3ff53e883001e0e0115b297a9d53c31b9c1edd2bfdd853e3428624e"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+ "winnow",
+ "zvariant 5.15.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zbus_xml"
+version = "5.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d1586c021a01ca0a9216dcd874e546382e156a5cbab5fab6cb5f10087e22682a"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+ "winnow",
+ "zbus_names 4.3.4",
+ "zvariant 5.15.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zcheapstr"
+version = "1.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d1afec51604565183aeb5c54c20aeab286120d4e4460f7f76e3e8bb8c0d99473"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy"
-version = "0.8.56"
+version = "0.8.57"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "556764e583adb45a9f8d413c2a147fa7e8d821e48e12b14fd560b607998b75eb"
+checksum = "d35102a9f36d089ccae9e4c6802bc118be4487b80aaffc0ab4e0cf5ce92d2873"
 dependencies = [
  "zerocopy-derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy-derive"
-version = "0.8.56"
+version = "0.8.57"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f2ab42fc20575779bd240faa45f94a74256f755c0fa9e89f0ede20d91d0cdfc1"
+checksum = "146c01f5ab44258da43cf276c74a2763db2ff3969c9c652c3f2de07041d0b2bc"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -6049,7 +6443,7 @@ checksum = "34df6fc39dbd26ddc9c10e6a2984476e13acce22e64e4487636ef494369225da"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 3.0.4",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6082,6 +6476,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "zstd",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "zlib-rs"
+version = "0.6.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "34b31d188d9d685a4f9c7b46d6e36631b07058d2cfe190267adce54dc230bf12"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "zmij"
 version = "1.0.23"
@@ -6111,18 +6511,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zstd-safe"
-version = "7.2.4"
+version = "7.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8f49c4d5f0abb602a93fb8736af2a4f4dd9512e36f7f570d66e65ff867ed3b9d"
+checksum = "64d80649ab6db9d9f6f9c80a40becd948eda4714a0a5ac8c4d157a32231c7882"
 dependencies = [
  "zstd-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zstd-sys"
-version = "2.0.16+zstd.1.5.7"
+version = "2.1.0+zstd.1.5.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "91e19ebc2adc8f83e43039e79776e3fda8ca919132d68a1fed6a5faca2683748"
+checksum = "0ef0a8027ec3ee71300ab3bcbcd0393f434aa72b91ca6d635a39941deae8eea0"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "pkg-config",
@@ -6153,7 +6553,23 @@ dependencies = [
  "enumflags2",
  "serde",
  "static_assertions",
- "zvariant_derive",
+ "zvariant_derive 4.2.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zvariant"
+version = "5.15.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c1d34c27cc6cdd1f458427519dd6b8612f7b7e3f7b9a0b2355d041dda9869147"
+dependencies = [
+ "endi",
+ "enumflags2",
+ "serde",
+ "url",
+ "winnow",
+ "zcheapstr",
+ "zvariant_derive 5.15.0",
+ "zvariant_utils 4.2.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6166,7 +6582,20 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "syn 2.0.119",
- "zvariant_utils",
+ "zvariant_utils 2.1.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zvariant_derive"
+version = "5.15.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "864155e69b4352db0c7f374917bf45d1e0c8d17659c8b3dbf9795f3673f8c497"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro-crate",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
+ "zvariant_utils 4.2.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6179,3 +6608,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "quote",
  "syn 2.0.119",
 ]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zvariant_utils"
+version = "4.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bad0294361a320b694a328460dc73add56c306150f5cb6bfafc44446120008a3"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "serde",
+ "syn 3.0.5",
+ "winnow",
+]
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/app.js b/openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/app.js
similarity index 100%
rename from openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/app.js
rename to openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/app.js
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/done.png b/openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/done.png
similarity index 100%
rename from openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/done.png
rename to openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/done.png
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/icon.png b/openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/icon.png
similarity index 100%
rename from openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/icon.png
rename to openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/icon.png
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/index.html b/openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/index.html
similarity index 100%
rename from openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/index.html
rename to openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/index.html
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/mic.png b/openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/mic.png
similarity index 100%
rename from openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/mic.png
rename to openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/mic.png
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/style.css b/openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/style.css
similarity index 100%
rename from openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/style.css
rename to openless-all/app/assets/remote-input/style.css
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src/lib/vocab-presets.json b/openless-all/app/assets/vocab-presets.json
similarity index 100%
rename from openless-all/app/src/lib/vocab-presets.json
rename to openless-all/app/assets/vocab-presets.json
diff --git a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/domains.rs b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/domains.rs
index 4b73d88ec..1397aa38e 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/domains.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/domains.rs
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ pub trait LocalAsrApi: Send + Sync {
     fn delete_model(&self, target: LocalAsrTarget) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<(), BackendError>>;
     fn cleanup_incomplete(
         &self,
-        target: LocalAsrTarget,
+        _target: LocalAsrTarget,
     ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<(), BackendError>> {
         unsupported("local ASR incomplete download cleanup")
     }
diff --git a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/lib.rs b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/lib.rs
index 3dc2d6c42..e317e953c 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/lib.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/lib.rs
@@ -355,4 +355,7 @@ pub use types::{
     SelectionVoiceIntentMode, SelectionVoiceManualIntent, SessionId, StylePackChange,
     TranscriptAccumulator, TranscriptDelta, VocabPreset, VocabPresetStore, VocabularyChange,
 };
-pub use vocabulary::{list_vocab_presets, save_vocab_presets, DictionaryStore};
+pub use vocabulary::{
+    builtin_vocab_presets, list_vocab_presets, resolve_vocab_presets, save_vocab_presets,
+    DictionaryStore,
+};
diff --git a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/provider_rules.rs b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/provider_rules.rs
index 6ad7919b4..73ba4ced3 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/provider_rules.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/provider_rules.rs
@@ -693,7 +693,10 @@ pub fn is_stepfun_realtime_provider(id: &str) -> bool {
 }
 
 pub fn is_mimo_provider(id: &str) -> bool {
-    matches!(id, MIMO_PROVIDER_ID | crate::asr::mimo::ORCAROUTER_PROVIDER_ID)
+    matches!(
+        id,
+        MIMO_PROVIDER_ID | crate::asr::mimo::ORCAROUTER_PROVIDER_ID
+    )
 }
 
 pub fn is_dashscope_multimodal_provider(id: &str) -> bool {
diff --git a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/provider_service.rs b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/provider_service.rs
index 102f657dc..4e2233700 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/provider_service.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/provider_service.rs
@@ -513,8 +513,8 @@ fn validate_provider_endpoint(endpoint: &str, allow_websocket: bool) -> Result<(
     let url =
         url::Url::parse(endpoint).map_err(|_| invalid_request("provider endpoint is invalid"))?;
     if url.host_str().is_none()
-        || !matches!(url.scheme(), "http" | "https")
-            && !(allow_websocket && matches!(url.scheme(), "ws" | "wss"))
+        || !(matches!(url.scheme(), "http" | "https")
+            || allow_websocket && matches!(url.scheme(), "ws" | "wss"))
     {
         return Err(invalid_request("provider endpoint is invalid"));
     }
@@ -1567,20 +1567,52 @@ mod tests {
             {"id":"legacy/chat"}
         ]}"#;
         for (kind, channel_kind, key_account, expected) in [
-            (ProviderKind::Llm, ChannelKind::Llm, LLM_API_KEY_ACCOUNT,
-                vec!["google/gemini-2.5-flash", "google/gemini-tts", "google/gemini-unknown", "orcarouter/fusion-flash"]),
-            (ProviderKind::Asr, ChannelKind::Asr, ASR_API_KEY_ACCOUNT,
-                vec!["google/gemini-2.5-flash"]),
+            (
+                ProviderKind::Llm,
+                ChannelKind::Llm,
+                LLM_API_KEY_ACCOUNT,
+                vec![
+                    "google/gemini-2.5-flash",
+                    "google/gemini-tts",
+                    "google/gemini-unknown",
+                    "orcarouter/fusion-flash",
+                ],
+            ),
+            (
+                ProviderKind::Asr,
+                ChannelKind::Asr,
+                ASR_API_KEY_ACCOUNT,
+                vec!["google/gemini-2.5-flash"],
+            ),
         ] {
             let credentials = Arc::new(InMemoryCredentialStore::default());
-            let channel = create_channel_with_values(&credentials, channel_kind, "orcarouter", &[]).await;
+            let channel =
+                create_channel_with_values(&credentials, channel_kind, "orcarouter", &[]).await;
             let transport = Arc::new(FakeProviderTransport::default());
             transport.push_response(200, catalog.as_bytes().to_vec());
-            let service = ProviderService::new_with_transport(credentials.clone(), Arc::new(crate::TokioTaskSpawner), transport.clone());
-            let request = ProviderRequest { kind, channel_id: Some(channel.clone()), thinking_enabled: false };
+            let service = ProviderService::new_with_transport(
+                credentials.clone(),
+                Arc::new(crate::TokioTaskSpawner),
+                transport.clone(),
+            );
+            let request = ProviderRequest {
+                kind,
+                channel_id: Some(channel.clone()),
+                thinking_enabled: false,
+            };
             assert!(service.list_models(request.clone()).await.is_err());
-            let namespace = if kind == ProviderKind::Llm { CredentialNamespace::Llm } else { CredentialNamespace::Asr };
-            credentials.write(CredentialKey::new(namespace, Some(channel), key_account).unwrap(), SecretValue::new("fixture-key")).await.unwrap();
+            let namespace = if kind == ProviderKind::Llm {
+                CredentialNamespace::Llm
+            } else {
+                CredentialNamespace::Asr
+            };
+            credentials
+                .write(
+                    CredentialKey::new(namespace, Some(channel), key_account).unwrap(),
+                    SecretValue::new("fixture-key"),
+                )
+                .await
+                .unwrap();
             let result = service.list_models(request).await.unwrap();
             assert_eq!(result.models, expected);
             let requests = transport.requests();
@@ -1684,22 +1716,44 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn orcarouter_validation_uses_shared_audio_chat_transcription() {
-        let (endpoint, request) = spawn_http_response("200 OK", "application/json",
-            r#"{"choices":[{"message":{"content":"transcript"}}]}"#);
+        let (endpoint, request) = spawn_http_response(
+            "200 OK",
+            "application/json",
+            r#"{"choices":[{"message":{"content":"transcript"}}]}"#,
+        );
         let credentials = Arc::new(InMemoryCredentialStore::default());
-        let channel = create_channel_with_values(&credentials, ChannelKind::Asr, "orcarouter", &[
-            (ASR_ENDPOINT_ACCOUNT, &endpoint), (ASR_API_KEY_ACCOUNT, "fixture-key"),
-        ]).await;
+        let channel = create_channel_with_values(
+            &credentials,
+            ChannelKind::Asr,
+            "orcarouter",
+            &[
+                (ASR_ENDPOINT_ACCOUNT, &endpoint),
+                (ASR_API_KEY_ACCOUNT, "fixture-key"),
+            ],
+        )
+        .await;
         let service = ProviderService::new(credentials, Arc::new(crate::TokioTaskSpawner));
-        service.validate(ProviderRequest { kind: ProviderKind::Asr, channel_id: Some(channel), thinking_enabled: false }).await.unwrap();
-        let request = String::from_utf8(request.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(2)).unwrap()).unwrap();
+        service
+            .validate(ProviderRequest {
+                kind: ProviderKind::Asr,
+                channel_id: Some(channel),
+                thinking_enabled: false,
+            })
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        let request =
+            String::from_utf8(request.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(2)).unwrap()).unwrap();
         assert!(request.starts_with("POST /v1/chat/completions "));
-        let body: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(request.split_once("\r\n\r\n").unwrap().1).unwrap();
+        let body: serde_json::Value =
+            serde_json::from_str(request.split_once("\r\n\r\n").unwrap().1).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(body["model"], crate::asr::mimo::ORCAROUTER_DEFAULT_MODEL);
         let content = &body["messages"][0]["content"];
         assert_eq!(content[0]["type"], "text");
         assert_eq!(content[1]["input_audio"]["format"], "wav");
-        assert!(!content[1]["input_audio"]["data"].as_str().unwrap().starts_with("data:"));
+        assert!(!content[1]["input_audio"]["data"]
+            .as_str()
+            .unwrap()
+            .starts_with("data:"));
     }
 
     async fn service_with_fake_transport() -> (ProviderService, Arc<FakeProviderTransport>, String)
diff --git a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/settings.rs b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/settings.rs
index 37d0f7ccf..a84c81a40 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/settings.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/settings.rs
@@ -105,6 +105,8 @@ pub struct SettingsEffectPlan {
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub active_asr_provider: Option<SettingsValueChange<String>>,
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub launch_at_login: Option<SettingsValueChange<bool>>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub windows_keyboard: Option<SettingsValueChange<WindowsKeyboardRuntimeTarget>>,
 }
 
@@ -120,6 +122,7 @@ impl SettingsEffectPlan {
                 previous.active_asr_provider.clone(),
                 next.active_asr_provider.clone(),
             ),
+            launch_at_login: changed(previous.launch_at_login, next.launch_at_login),
             windows_keyboard: changed(previous.into(), next.into()),
         }
     }
@@ -127,6 +130,7 @@ impl SettingsEffectPlan {
     pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
         self.hotkeys.is_none()
             && self.active_asr_provider.is_none()
+            && self.launch_at_login.is_none()
             && self.windows_keyboard.is_none()
     }
 }
@@ -136,6 +140,7 @@ impl SettingsEffectPlan {
 pub enum SettingsEffectKind {
     WindowsKeyboard,
     ActiveAsrProvider,
+    LaunchAtLogin,
     Hotkeys,
 }
 
diff --git a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/vocabulary.rs b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/vocabulary.rs
index 2066964ae..6d8229830 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/vocabulary.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/crates/openless-core/src/vocabulary.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use chrono::Utc;
 use crate::errors::{BackendError, BackendErrorCode};
 use crate::persistence::{atomic_write, persistence_error, read_or_default};
 use crate::shared_types::LEARNED_VOCAB_NOTE;
-use crate::types::{DictionaryEntry, VocabPresetStore};
+use crate::types::{DictionaryEntry, VocabPreset, VocabPresetStore};
 
 /// Number of recently added manual entries that are guaranteed ASR hotword
 /// seats before hit-count ranking is applied.
@@ -266,6 +266,34 @@ pub fn list_vocab_presets(data_dir: &Path) -> Result<VocabPresetStore, BackendEr
     read_or_default(&data_dir.join("vocab-presets.json"))
 }
 
+pub fn builtin_vocab_presets() -> Vec<VocabPreset> {
+    serde_json::from_str(include_str!("../../../assets/vocab-presets.json"))
+        .expect("bundled vocabulary presets must be valid JSON")
+}
+
+pub fn resolve_vocab_presets(store: &VocabPresetStore) -> Vec<VocabPreset> {
+    let mut presets = builtin_vocab_presets()
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|preset| !store.disabled_builtin_preset_ids.contains(&preset.id))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    for replacement in &store.overrides {
+        if let Some(existing) = presets
+            .iter_mut()
+            .find(|preset| preset.id == replacement.id)
+        {
+            *existing = replacement.clone();
+        }
+    }
+    presets.extend(
+        store
+            .custom
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|preset| !preset.id.is_empty())
+            .cloned(),
+    );
+    presets
+}
+
 pub fn save_vocab_presets(data_dir: &Path, store: &VocabPresetStore) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
     let json = serde_json::to_vec_pretty(store)
         .map_err(|_| persistence_error("encode vocabulary presets"))?;
@@ -355,6 +383,29 @@ mod tests {
         let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(dir);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn bundled_presets_resolve_disables_overrides_and_custom_entries() {
+        let store = VocabPresetStore {
+            custom: vec![VocabPreset {
+                id: "custom".into(),
+                name: "自定义".into(),
+                phrases: vec!["OpenLess".into()],
+            }],
+            overrides: vec![VocabPreset {
+                id: "programmer".into(),
+                name: "工程师".into(),
+                phrases: vec!["Rust".into()],
+            }],
+            disabled_builtin_preset_ids: vec!["chef".into()],
+        };
+        let resolved = resolve_vocab_presets(&store);
+        assert!(resolved.iter().any(|preset| preset.id == "custom"));
+        assert!(resolved
+            .iter()
+            .any(|preset| preset.id == "programmer" && preset.name == "工程师"));
+        assert!(!resolved.iter().any(|preset| preset.id == "chef"));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn asr_priority_preserves_fresh_manual_entries_and_dedupes_case_variants() {
         let entry = |phrase: &str, hits: u64, note: Option<&str>| DictionaryEntry {
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/Cargo.toml b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/Cargo.toml
index 1e35030d1..671c16536 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/Cargo.toml
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,16 +13,24 @@ tokio = { version = "1", features = ["io-util", "macros", "net", "process", "rt-
 fs2 = "0.4"
 futures-util = "0.3"
 log = "0.4"
+simplelog = "0.12"
+base64 = "0.22"
+minisign-verify = "0.2.5"
+reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false, features = ["json", "rustls-tls", "stream"] }
+semver = "1"
+chrono = { version = "0.4", default-features = false, features = ["clock", "std"] }
 serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = "1"
 uuid = { version = "1", features = ["v4"] }
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "linux")'.dependencies]
 dbus = "0.9"
-arboard = { version = "3", features = ["wayland-data-control"] }
 keyring = { version = "3.6.3", default-features = false, features = ["linux-native-sync-persistent", "crypto-rust"] }
-cpal = "0.15"
-eframe = { version = "0.31", default-features = false, features = ["default_fonts", "glow", "wayland", "x11"] }
+cpal = { version = "0.18.2", default-features = false, features = ["pipewire", "pulseaudio"] }
+rfd = { version = "0.16", default-features = false, features = ["xdg-portal", "tokio"] }
+egui = "=0.33.3"
+eframe = { version = "=0.33.3", default-features = false, features = ["accesskit", "default_fonts", "glow", "wayland", "x11"] }
+image = { version = "0.25.10", default-features = false, features = ["png"] }
 libc = "0.2"
 axum = { version = "0.7", default-features = false, features = ["ws", "http1", "tokio"] }
 hyper-util = { version = "0.1", features = ["tokio", "server-auto", "server", "http1"] }
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/examples/headless_host.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/examples/headless_host.rs
index d7c45080c..7e7e6bf04 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/examples/headless_host.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/examples/headless_host.rs
@@ -168,7 +168,10 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), BackendError> {
     backend
         .cancel_less_computer(Some(less_computer_session))
         .await?;
-    assert!(backend.less_computer_capture_cancelled(less_computer_session));
+    // Core 2.0 cancellation is terminal and releases the capture lease. A host
+    // that observes the cancellation after the await must not expect the old
+    // lease's flag to remain queryable.
+    assert_eq!(backend.less_computer_active_session(), None);
     backend.abort_less_computer_capture(less_computer_session)?;
     assert_eq!(backend.less_computer_active_session(), None);
 
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/audio.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/audio.rs
index 5ed9a5784..bae2831af 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/audio.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/audio.rs
@@ -9,12 +9,24 @@ use openless_core::{
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
 pub struct LinuxCpalRecorder {
     preferred_device_name: Option<String>,
+    recordings_dir: Option<std::path::PathBuf>,
 }
 
 impl LinuxCpalRecorder {
     pub fn new(preferred_device_name: Option<String>) -> Self {
         Self {
             preferred_device_name,
+            recordings_dir: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_recordings_dir(
+        preferred_device_name: Option<String>,
+        recordings_dir: std::path::PathBuf,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            preferred_device_name,
+            recordings_dir: Some(recordings_dir),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -32,11 +44,22 @@ impl AudioRecorder for LinuxCpalRecorder {
             .microphone_device_name
             .clone()
             .or_else(|| self.preferred_device_name.clone());
+        // Platform effect, applied by the host recorder exactly like the Tauri
+        // audio adapter. Never owned by Core; restore is the guard's Drop.
+        let mute_during_recording = context.recording.mute_during_recording;
+        let recordings_dir = self.recordings_dir.clone();
         Box::pin(async move {
             #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
             {
                 tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-                    start_linux_recording(session_id, preferred_device_name, consumer, progress)
+                    start_linux_recording(
+                        session_id,
+                        preferred_device_name,
+                        recordings_dir,
+                        mute_during_recording,
+                        consumer,
+                        progress,
+                    )
                 })
                 .await
                 .map_err(|error| {
@@ -63,10 +86,77 @@ struct LinuxActiveRecording {
     stop: Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>,
     thread: Option<std::thread::JoinHandle<()>>,
     runtime_error: Arc<std::sync::Mutex<Option<BackendError>>>,
+    archive: Option<Arc<LinuxRecordingArchive>>,
+    /// Holds the output-mute guard while capture is live. Its `Drop` restores
+    /// the sink on every terminal path (stop/cancel/error/drop/shutdown).
+    mute: Option<crate::audio_mute::AudioMuteGuard>,
+}
+
+impl Drop for LinuxActiveRecording {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        // Taking the guard here forces the field to be consumed (and therefore
+        // restored) even if `stop()` is never reached — e.g. the handle is
+        // dropped directly on an early error or during Core shutdown before it
+        // had a chance to call stop. Double restore is harmless because Drop
+        // of an already-taken guard is a no-op.
+        self.mute.take();
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+struct LinuxRecordingArchive {
+    path: std::path::PathBuf,
+    available: Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>,
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+impl openless_core::RecordingArchive for LinuxRecordingArchive {
+    fn is_available(&self) -> bool {
+        self.available.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire)
+    }
+
+    fn read_pcm(&self) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<Vec<u8>, BackendError>> {
+        let path = self.path.clone();
+        Box::pin(async move {
+            let wav = tokio::fs::read(path).await.map_err(|error| {
+                BackendError::new(
+                    BackendErrorCode::Persistence,
+                    format!("read Linux recording archive: {error}"),
+                )
+            })?;
+            canonical_wav_pcm(&wav).map(ToOwned::to_owned)
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn discard(&self) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<(), BackendError>> {
+        let path = self.path.clone();
+        let available = Arc::clone(&self.available);
+        Box::pin(async move {
+            match tokio::fs::remove_file(path).await {
+                Ok(()) => available.store(false, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release),
+                Err(error) if error.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => {
+                    available.store(false, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
+                }
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return Err(BackendError::new(
+                        BackendErrorCode::Persistence,
+                        format!("discard Linux recording archive: {error}"),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        })
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
 impl ActiveRecording for LinuxActiveRecording {
+    fn archive(&self) -> Option<Arc<dyn openless_core::RecordingArchive>> {
+        self.archive
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|archive| Arc::clone(archive) as Arc<dyn openless_core::RecordingArchive>)
+    }
+
     fn stop(mut self: Box<Self>) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<(), BackendError>> {
         Box::pin(async move {
             self.stop.store(true, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
@@ -100,18 +190,48 @@ impl ActiveRecording for LinuxActiveRecording {
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
 fn start_linux_recording(
-    _session_id: SessionId,
+    session_id: SessionId,
     preferred_device_name: Option<String>,
+    recordings_dir: Option<std::path::PathBuf>,
+    mute_during_recording: bool,
     consumer: Arc<dyn AudioConsumer>,
     progress: Arc<dyn RecordingProgressSink>,
 ) -> Result<Box<dyn ActiveRecording>, BackendError> {
     use std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool;
 
+    // Mute is best-effort and independent of capture availability (mirrors the
+    // Tauri reference): if it fails we log and continue recording. If capture
+    // later fails on this path, the guard drops here and restores the sink.
+    let mute = if mute_during_recording {
+        match crate::audio_mute::AudioMuteGuard::activate() {
+            Ok(guard) => Some(guard),
+            Err(error) => {
+                log::warn!("[audio-mute] failed to mute output; capture continues: {error}");
+                None
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
     let stop = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
     let runtime_error = Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(None));
     let (startup_tx, startup_rx) = std::sync::mpsc::sync_channel(1);
     let stop_for_thread = Arc::clone(&stop);
     let runtime_error_for_thread = Arc::clone(&runtime_error);
+    let (writer, archive) = match recordings_dir {
+        Some(directory) => {
+            match LinuxWavWriter::create(directory.join(format!("{session_id}.wav"))) {
+                Ok((writer, archive)) => {
+                    (Some(Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(writer))), Some(archive))
+                }
+                Err(error) => {
+                    log::warn!("failed to create Linux recording archive: {error}");
+                    (None, None)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        None => (None, None),
+    };
     let thread = std::thread::Builder::new()
         .name("openless-linux-recorder".to_string())
         .spawn(move || {
@@ -119,6 +239,7 @@ fn start_linux_recording(
                 preferred_device_name,
                 consumer,
                 progress,
+                writer,
                 stop_for_thread,
                 runtime_error_for_thread,
                 startup_tx,
@@ -136,13 +257,17 @@ fn start_linux_recording(
             stop,
             thread: Some(thread),
             runtime_error,
+            archive,
+            mute,
         })),
         Ok(Err(error)) => {
             let _ = thread.join();
+            // `mute` is dropped on the error path, restoring the sink.
             Err(error)
         }
         Err(error) => {
             let _ = thread.join();
+            // `mute` is dropped on the error path, restoring the sink.
             Err(BackendError::new(
                 BackendErrorCode::Platform,
                 format!("Linux recorder thread exited during startup: {error}"),
@@ -156,38 +281,53 @@ fn run_audio_thread(
     preferred_device_name: Option<String>,
     consumer: Arc<dyn AudioConsumer>,
     progress: Arc<dyn RecordingProgressSink>,
+    writer: Option<Arc<std::sync::Mutex<LinuxWavWriter>>>,
     stop: Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>,
     runtime_error: Arc<std::sync::Mutex<Option<BackendError>>>,
     startup: std::sync::mpsc::SyncSender<Result<(), BackendError>>,
 ) {
-    use cpal::traits::{DeviceTrait, StreamTrait};
-
-    let result = (|| {
-        let host = cpal::default_host();
-        let device = select_input_device(&host, preferred_device_name.as_deref())?;
-        let supported = device
-            .default_input_config()
-            .map_err(|error| classify_audio_error("default input config", error.to_string()))?;
-        let sample_format = supported.sample_format();
-        let input_sample_rate = supported.sample_rate().0;
-        let channels = usize::from(supported.channels());
-        let config: cpal::StreamConfig = supported.into();
-        let stream = build_input_stream(
-            &device,
-            &config,
-            sample_format,
-            input_sample_rate,
-            channels,
-            consumer,
-            progress,
-            Arc::clone(&stop),
-            runtime_error,
-        )?;
-        stream
-            .play()
-            .map_err(|error| classify_audio_error("start input stream", error.to_string()))?;
-        Ok::<_, BackendError>(stream)
-    })();
+    let mut result = Err(BackendError::new(
+        BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+        "no Linux audio backend is available",
+    ));
+    for backend in audio_backend_order() {
+        let Some(host_id) = cpal::available_hosts()
+            .into_iter()
+            .find(|id| id.name().eq_ignore_ascii_case(backend))
+        else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let host = match cpal::host_from_id(host_id) {
+            Ok(host) => host,
+            Err(error) => {
+                result = Err(classify_audio_error(
+                    &format!("initialize {backend} backend"),
+                    error.to_string(),
+                ));
+                log::warn!("{backend} audio backend unavailable: {error}");
+                continue;
+            }
+        };
+        match try_start_audio_stream(
+            &host,
+            backend,
+            preferred_device_name.as_deref(),
+            &consumer,
+            &progress,
+            &writer,
+            &stop,
+            &runtime_error,
+        ) {
+            Ok(stream) => {
+                result = Ok(stream);
+                break;
+            }
+            Err(error) => {
+                log::warn!("{backend} audio backend failed; trying next backend: {error}");
+                result = Err(error);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
     let stream = match result {
         Ok(stream) => {
@@ -205,19 +345,68 @@ fn run_audio_thread(
     drop(stream);
 }
 
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn audio_backend_order() -> [&'static str; 3] {
+    // Native desktop servers are preferred because they handle device policy,
+    // hot-plugging and format conversion. ALSA remains the universal fallback.
+    ["pipewire", "pulseaudio", "alsa"]
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+fn try_start_audio_stream(
+    host: &cpal::Host,
+    backend: &str,
+    preferred_device_name: Option<&str>,
+    consumer: &Arc<dyn AudioConsumer>,
+    progress: &Arc<dyn RecordingProgressSink>,
+    writer: &Option<Arc<std::sync::Mutex<LinuxWavWriter>>>,
+    stop: &Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>,
+    runtime_error: &Arc<std::sync::Mutex<Option<BackendError>>>,
+) -> Result<cpal::Stream, BackendError> {
+    use cpal::traits::{DeviceTrait, StreamTrait};
+
+    let device = select_input_device(host, preferred_device_name).map_err(|error| {
+        BackendError::new(error.code, format!("{backend} backend: {}", error.message))
+    })?;
+    let supported = device
+        .default_input_config()
+        .map_err(|error| classify_audio_error("default input config", error.to_string()))?;
+    let sample_format = supported.sample_format();
+    let input_sample_rate = supported.sample_rate();
+    let channels = usize::from(supported.channels());
+    let config: cpal::StreamConfig = supported.into();
+    let stream = build_input_stream(
+        &device,
+        &config,
+        sample_format,
+        input_sample_rate,
+        channels,
+        Arc::clone(consumer),
+        Arc::clone(progress),
+        writer.clone(),
+        Arc::clone(stop),
+        Arc::clone(runtime_error),
+    )?;
+    stream
+        .play()
+        .map_err(|error| classify_audio_error("start input stream", error.to_string()))?;
+    Ok(stream)
+}
+
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
 fn select_input_device(
     host: &cpal::Host,
     preferred_device_name: Option<&str>,
 ) -> Result<cpal::Device, BackendError> {
-    use cpal::traits::{DeviceTrait, HostTrait};
+    use cpal::traits::HostTrait;
 
     if let Some(preferred) = preferred_device_name.filter(|name| !name.trim().is_empty()) {
         let devices = host
             .input_devices()
             .map_err(|error| classify_audio_error("enumerate input devices", error.to_string()))?;
         for device in devices {
-            if device.name().ok().as_deref() == Some(preferred) {
+            if device.to_string() == preferred {
                 return Ok(device);
             }
         }
@@ -243,6 +432,7 @@ fn build_input_stream(
     channels: usize,
     consumer: Arc<dyn AudioConsumer>,
     progress: Arc<dyn RecordingProgressSink>,
+    writer: Option<Arc<std::sync::Mutex<LinuxWavWriter>>>,
     stop: Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>,
     runtime_error: Arc<std::sync::Mutex<Option<BackendError>>>,
 ) -> Result<cpal::Stream, BackendError> {
@@ -254,17 +444,27 @@ fn build_input_stream(
             let progress = Arc::clone(&progress);
             let stop_for_error = Arc::clone(&stop);
             let runtime_error = Arc::clone(&runtime_error);
+            let writer = writer.clone();
             let started = std::time::Instant::now();
             let mut normalizer = openless_core::PcmNormalizer::default();
             device
                 .build_input_stream::<$sample, _, _>(
-                    config,
+                    *config,
                     move |data: &[$sample], _| {
                         let samples = data.iter().copied().map($to_f32).collect::<Vec<f32>>();
                         if let Some(chunk) =
                             normalizer.process(&samples, channels, input_sample_rate)
                         {
                             consumer.consume_pcm_chunk(&chunk.pcm_i16_le);
+                            if let Some(writer) = &writer {
+                                if let Err(error) = writer
+                                    .lock()
+                                    .expect("Linux WAV writer lock poisoned")
+                                    .append(&chunk.pcm_i16_le)
+                                {
+                                    log::warn!("Linux recording archive write failed: {error}");
+                                }
+                            }
                             let _ = progress
                                 .publish_level(started.elapsed().as_millis() as u64, chunk.level);
                         }
@@ -309,6 +509,103 @@ fn build_input_stream(
     }
 }
 
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+struct LinuxWavWriter {
+    file: std::fs::File,
+    path: std::path::PathBuf,
+    bytes_written: u32,
+    available: Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>,
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+impl LinuxWavWriter {
+    fn create(path: std::path::PathBuf) -> std::io::Result<(Self, Arc<LinuxRecordingArchive>)> {
+        use std::io::Write as _;
+        if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+        }
+        let mut file = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
+            .write(true)
+            .create_new(true)
+            .open(&path)?;
+        file.write_all(&wav_header(0))?;
+        let available = Arc::new(std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool::new(true));
+        let archive = Arc::new(LinuxRecordingArchive {
+            path: path.clone(),
+            available: Arc::clone(&available),
+        });
+        Ok((
+            Self {
+                file,
+                path,
+                bytes_written: 0,
+                available,
+            },
+            archive,
+        ))
+    }
+
+    fn append(&mut self, pcm: &[u8]) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        use std::io::Write as _;
+        self.file.write_all(pcm)?;
+        self.bytes_written = self
+            .bytes_written
+            .saturating_add(pcm.len().min(u32::MAX as usize) as u32);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+impl Drop for LinuxWavWriter {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        use std::io::{Seek as _, SeekFrom, Write as _};
+        let result = self
+            .file
+            .seek(SeekFrom::Start(0))
+            .and_then(|_| self.file.write_all(&wav_header(self.bytes_written)))
+            .and_then(|_| self.file.sync_all());
+        if let Err(error) = result {
+            self.available
+                .store(false, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
+            let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&self.path);
+            log::warn!("failed to finalize Linux recording archive: {error}");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn wav_header(data_size: u32) -> [u8; 44] {
+    let mut header = [0u8; 44];
+    header[0..4].copy_from_slice(b"RIFF");
+    header[4..8].copy_from_slice(&data_size.saturating_add(36).to_le_bytes());
+    header[8..12].copy_from_slice(b"WAVE");
+    header[12..16].copy_from_slice(b"fmt ");
+    header[16..20].copy_from_slice(&16u32.to_le_bytes());
+    header[20..22].copy_from_slice(&1u16.to_le_bytes());
+    header[22..24].copy_from_slice(&1u16.to_le_bytes());
+    header[24..28].copy_from_slice(&16_000u32.to_le_bytes());
+    header[28..32].copy_from_slice(&32_000u32.to_le_bytes());
+    header[32..34].copy_from_slice(&2u16.to_le_bytes());
+    header[34..36].copy_from_slice(&16u16.to_le_bytes());
+    header[36..40].copy_from_slice(b"data");
+    header[40..44].copy_from_slice(&data_size.to_le_bytes());
+    header
+}
+
+fn canonical_wav_pcm(wav: &[u8]) -> Result<&[u8], BackendError> {
+    if wav.len() <= 44
+        || &wav[..4] != b"RIFF"
+        || &wav[8..12] != b"WAVE"
+        || &wav[36..40] != b"data"
+        || !(wav.len() - 44).is_multiple_of(2)
+    {
+        return Err(BackendError::new(
+            BackendErrorCode::Persistence,
+            "Linux recording archive is not canonical 16 kHz mono PCM WAV",
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(&wav[44..])
+}
+
 #[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", test))]
 fn classify_audio_error(context: &str, message: String) -> BackendError {
     let lower = message.to_ascii_lowercase();
@@ -336,4 +633,18 @@ mod tests {
             BackendErrorCode::Platform
         );
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn wav_archive_header_and_pcm_round_trip() {
+        let pcm = [1u8, 0, 2, 0];
+        let mut wav = wav_header(pcm.len() as u32).to_vec();
+        wav.extend_from_slice(&pcm);
+        assert_eq!(canonical_wav_pcm(&wav).unwrap(), pcm);
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+    #[test]
+    fn audio_backends_are_ordered_from_desktop_server_to_universal_fallback() {
+        assert_eq!(audio_backend_order(), ["pipewire", "pulseaudio", "alsa"]);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/audio_cue.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/audio_cue.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d65577e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/audio_cue.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+//! Native recording start/stop audio cues for Linux.
+//!
+//! The Windows/macOS Tauri shell synthesizes a "recording started" chime with
+//! the Web Audio API in a webview (`app/src/lib/audioCue.ts`) and silences it
+//! when the recording ends.  This crate is the native egui host, so there is no
+//! webview; the equivalent cue is rendered as PCM and played to the default
+//! output sink with cpal (already a dependency for the microphone).
+//!
+//! Honesty rules:
+//! - The frame is never blocked: `play_cue_start`/`play_cue_stop` enqueue a
+//!   detached worker thread and return immediately.  Any real failure to open
+//!   the default output sink is logged and otherwise silent — a cue is
+//!   feedback, never a hard error, matching the reference's "silently degrade,
+//!   never throw" rule.
+//! - Cues are gated by the caller on `audio_cue_on_record`, and the start cue
+//!   is additionally suppressed when `mute_during_recording` is active (an
+//!   audible start cue through a deliberately muted sink is both pointless and
+//!   a needless PipeWire/KDE sink-input blip).  The stop cue may still play
+//!   after output is restored.
+//! - Synthesis is pure (`render_cue_mono`) so it is unit-testable without any
+//!   audio device; the cpal playback path still needs real-device evidence on
+//!   X11/Wayland before it may be reported as verified.
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+/// A single synthesized sine note relative to the cue start.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
+pub struct CueTone {
+    /// Frequency in Hz.
+    pub freq_hz: f32,
+    /// Start offset from the cue start in milliseconds.
+    pub start_ms: f32,
+    /// Duration in milliseconds.
+    pub duration_ms: f32,
+    /// Exponential-envelope peak gain (0..1).
+    pub peak_gain: f32,
+}
+
+/// "Recording started" chime: rising minor third (A5 -> C#6), mirroring the
+/// reference Web Audio cue so Linux and Windows/macOS share one sound.
+pub fn start_cue_tones() -> Vec<CueTone> {
+    vec![
+        CueTone {
+            freq_hz: 880.0,
+            start_ms: 0.0,
+            duration_ms: 130.0,
+            peak_gain: 0.16,
+        },
+        CueTone {
+            freq_hz: 1108.73,
+            start_ms: 95.0,
+            duration_ms: 170.0,
+            peak_gain: 0.18,
+        },
+    ]
+}
+
+/// "Recording ended" cue: descending minor third (E5 -> C5).  Soft and short so
+/// it reads as a clear "done" without masking the terminal feedback.
+pub fn stop_cue_tones() -> Vec<CueTone> {
+    vec![
+        CueTone {
+            freq_hz: 659.25,
+            start_ms: 0.0,
+            duration_ms: 120.0,
+            peak_gain: 0.13,
+        },
+        CueTone {
+            freq_hz: 523.25,
+            start_ms: 90.0,
+            duration_ms: 150.0,
+            peak_gain: 0.15,
+        },
+    ]
+}
+
+/// Total cue duration in milliseconds (end of the last tone).
+pub fn cue_total_duration_ms(tones: &[CueTone]) -> u32 {
+    tones.iter().fold(0u32, |acc, tone| {
+        acc.max((tone.start_ms + tone.duration_ms).round() as u32)
+    })
+}
+
+/// Render a cue to mono interleaved `f32` samples in `[-1, 1]`.  Pure — no
+/// device access — so it is fully unit-testable on any target.
+pub fn render_cue_mono(tones: &[CueTone], sample_rate: u32) -> Vec<f32> {
+    if tones.is_empty() || sample_rate == 0 {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    let sr = sample_rate as f32;
+    let total_samples =
+        (((cue_total_duration_ms(tones) as f32) / 1000.0 * sr).ceil() as usize).max(1);
+    let mut out = vec![0.0f32; total_samples];
+    for tone in tones {
+        let start = (tone.start_ms / 1000.0 * sr).round() as usize;
+        let dur = ((tone.duration_ms / 1000.0) * sr).round() as usize;
+        let attack = ((0.004 * sr).round() as usize).clamp(1, dur.max(1));
+        let release_span = (dur.saturating_sub(attack)).max(1) as f32;
+        for i in 0..dur {
+            let idx = start + i;
+            if idx >= out.len() {
+                break;
+            }
+            let attack_env = if i < attack {
+                i as f32 / attack as f32
+            } else {
+                1.0
+            };
+            let release_env = if i >= attack {
+                let frac = (i - attack) as f32 / release_span;
+                (-5.0 * frac).exp()
+            } else {
+                1.0
+            };
+            let env = attack_env * release_env;
+            let phase = std::f32::consts::TAU * tone.freq_hz * (idx as f32 / sr);
+            out[idx] += phase.sin() * tone.peak_gain * env;
+        }
+    }
+    for sample in &mut out {
+        *sample = sample.clamp(-1.0, 1.0);
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// Play a start cue asynchronously (never blocks the caller/frame).
+pub fn play_cue_start() {
+    play_cue(start_cue_tones());
+}
+
+/// Play a stop cue asynchronously (never blocks the caller/frame).
+pub fn play_cue_stop() {
+    play_cue(stop_cue_tones());
+}
+
+/// Best-effort asynchronous playback on a detached worker thread.
+fn play_cue(tones: Vec<CueTone>) {
+    if tones.is_empty() {
+        return;
+    }
+    std::thread::Builder::new()
+        .name("openless-audio-cue".to_string())
+        .spawn(move || {
+            if let Err(error) = play_cue_blocking(&tones) {
+                log::debug!("[audio-cue] cue playback unavailable: {error}");
+            }
+        })
+        .map_err(|error| log::debug!("[audio-cue] failed to spawn cue thread: {error}"))
+        .ok();
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn play_cue_blocking(tones: &[CueTone]) -> Result<(), String> {
+    use cpal::traits::{DeviceTrait, HostTrait, StreamTrait};
+
+    let host = cpal::default_host();
+    let device = host
+        .default_output_device()
+        .ok_or_else(|| "no Linux default output device".to_string())?;
+    let supported = device
+        .default_output_config()
+        .map_err(|error| format!("default output config failed: {error}"))?;
+    let sample_format = supported.sample_format();
+    let sample_rate = supported.sample_rate();
+    let channels = usize::from(supported.channels()).max(1);
+    let config: cpal::StreamConfig = supported.into();
+    let mono = Arc::new(render_cue_mono(tones, sample_rate));
+    if mono.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+    let idx = Arc::new(std::sync::atomic::AtomicUsize::new(0));
+    let done = Arc::new(std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool::new(false));
+
+    let build = |format: cpal::SampleFormat| -> Result<cpal::Stream, cpal::Error> {
+        macro_rules! make {
+            ($ty:ty, $convert:expr) => {{
+                let mono = Arc::clone(&mono);
+                let idx = Arc::clone(&idx);
+                let done = Arc::clone(&done);
+                let device = &device;
+                let config = &config;
+                device.build_output_stream::<$ty, _, _>(
+                    *config,
+                    move |data: &mut [$ty], _: &cpal::OutputCallbackInfo| {
+                        let frames = data.len() / channels;
+                        let mut pos = idx.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire);
+                        for frame in 0..frames {
+                            let sample = if pos < mono.len() { mono[pos] } else { 0.0 };
+                            pos += 1;
+                            let converted = $convert(sample);
+                            for channel in 0..channels {
+                                data[frame * channels + channel] = converted;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if pos >= mono.len() {
+                            done.store(true, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
+                        }
+                        idx.store(pos, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
+                    },
+                    move |_error| {},
+                    None,
+                )
+            }};
+        }
+        match format {
+            cpal::SampleFormat::F32 => make!(f32, |s: f32| s.clamp(-1.0, 1.0)),
+            cpal::SampleFormat::I16 => {
+                make!(i16, |s: f32| (s.clamp(-1.0, 1.0) * i16::MAX as f32) as i16)
+            }
+            cpal::SampleFormat::U16 => make!(u16, |s: f32| {
+                (((s.clamp(-1.0, 1.0) + 1.0) / 2.0) * u16::MAX as f32) as u16
+            }),
+            cpal::SampleFormat::I32 => {
+                make!(i32, |s: f32| (s.clamp(-1.0, 1.0) * i32::MAX as f32) as i32)
+            }
+            other => {
+                // Unusual sink format: fall back to f32 which most Linux sinks
+                // accept even when it is not the default config.
+                let _ = other;
+                make!(f32, |s: f32| s.clamp(-1.0, 1.0))
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    let stream = build(sample_format)
+        .or_else(|_| build(cpal::SampleFormat::F32))
+        .map_err(|error| format!("build output stream failed: {error}"))?;
+    stream
+        .play()
+        .map_err(|error| format!("start output stream failed: {error}"))?;
+
+    // Keep the stream alive on this thread until the cue buffer is consumed or
+    // a short watchdog elapses, then drop it to release the sink.
+    let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + std::time::Duration::from_secs(2);
+    while !done.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire) && std::time::Instant::now() < deadline {
+        std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(5));
+    }
+    drop(stream);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+fn play_cue_blocking(_tones: &[CueTone]) -> Result<(), String> {
+    Err("audio cue playback is only available on Linux".to_string())
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn start_cue_is_a_rising_two_tone_and_stop_is_descending() {
+        let start = start_cue_tones();
+        assert_eq!(start.len(), 2);
+        assert!(start[0].freq_hz < start[1].freq_hz, "start cue rises");
+        let stop = stop_cue_tones();
+        assert_eq!(stop.len(), 2);
+        assert!(stop[0].freq_hz > stop[1].freq_hz, "stop cue descends");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn total_duration_is_last_tone_end() {
+        let start = start_cue_tones();
+        assert_eq!(cue_total_duration_ms(&start), 265);
+        assert!(cue_total_duration_ms(&stop_cue_tones()) > 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rendering_is_bounded_nonempty_and_expected_length() {
+        let sr = 48_000;
+        let mono = render_cue_mono(&start_cue_tones(), sr);
+        let expected = ((cue_total_duration_ms(&start_cue_tones()) as f32 / 1000.0) * sr as f32)
+            .ceil() as usize;
+        assert_eq!(mono.len(), expected);
+        assert!(mono.iter().any(|s| s.abs() > 1e-3), "cue is not silent");
+        assert!(
+            mono.iter().all(|s| (-1.0..=1.0).contains(s)),
+            "cue stays within [-1, 1]"
+        );
+        // Envelope is peak-limited well below full scale so it never clips.
+        let peak = mono.iter().fold(0.0f32, |m, s| m.max(s.abs()));
+        assert!(
+            peak <= 0.34,
+            "start cue peak {peak} stays under envelope sum"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn empty_tones_render_to_empty_and_play_is_a_noop() {
+        assert!(render_cue_mono(&[], 44_100).is_empty());
+        play_cue(Vec::new());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mono_cue_respects_sample_rate_scaling() {
+        let at_44k = render_cue_mono(&stop_cue_tones(), 44_100);
+        let at_48k = render_cue_mono(&stop_cue_tones(), 48_000);
+        // Higher sample rate yields proportionally more samples for the same cue.
+        assert!(at_48k.len() > at_44k.len());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/audio_mute.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/audio_mute.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..863d2d15e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/audio_mute.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+//! Temporary system-output mute while recording.
+//!
+//! Linux parity with the legacy desktop [`AudioMuteGuard`] behavior.
+//! `mute_during_recording` is applied by
+//! the host recorder (never by Core) so the capture itself never hears the
+//! user's speakers.  Restore is guaranteed by RAII: the guard restores the
+//! previous mute state when it is dropped, which happens on every terminal
+//! path of the recorder lifecycle — normal stop, cancel, runtime fault/error
+//! and process shutdown — because Core consumes/drops the active recording
+//! handle on each of those.
+//!
+//! Muting is intentionally best-effort like the reference: if neither `wpctl`
+//! (PipeWire) nor `pactl` (PulseAudio) can drive the default sink, activation
+//! fails but capture still proceeds.  The parsed state helpers are pure so
+//! they can be unit-tested without a live audio server.
+
+/// The output-mute backend discovered at activation time.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum MuteBackend {
+    Wpctl,
+    Pactl,
+}
+
+/// Guard that restores the previous default-sink mute state on drop.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct AudioMuteGuard {
+    inner: Option<platform::PlatformMuteGuard>,
+}
+
+impl AudioMuteGuard {
+    /// Mute the default output sink unless it is already muted, capturing the
+    /// previous state for later restore.  Best-effort: on failure returns an
+    /// error and leaves the sink untouched.
+    pub fn activate() -> Result<Self, String> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            inner: Some(platform::activate()?),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// A no-op guard used when `mute_during_recording` is disabled.
+    pub fn none() -> Self {
+        Self { inner: None }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for AudioMuteGuard {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if let Some(inner) = self.inner.take() {
+            inner.restore();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// `true` when a `wpctl get-volume` capture reports the sink muted.
+pub fn parse_wpctl_muted(output: &str) -> bool {
+    output.contains("[MUTED]")
+}
+
+/// `true` when a `pactl get-sink-mute` capture reports the sink muted.
+pub fn parse_pactl_muted(output: &str) -> bool {
+    let lower = output.to_ascii_lowercase();
+    lower.contains("yes") || output.contains("是")
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+mod platform {
+    use super::{parse_pactl_muted, parse_wpctl_muted, MuteBackend};
+    use std::process::Command;
+
+    #[derive(Debug)]
+    pub struct PlatformMuteGuard {
+        backend: MuteBackend,
+        was_muted: bool,
+    }
+
+    pub fn activate() -> Result<PlatformMuteGuard, String> {
+        if let Ok(was_muted) = wpctl_muted() {
+            if !was_muted {
+                set_wpctl_muted(true)?;
+            }
+            return Ok(PlatformMuteGuard {
+                backend: MuteBackend::Wpctl,
+                was_muted,
+            });
+        }
+        let was_muted = pactl_muted()?;
+        if !was_muted {
+            set_pactl_muted(true)?;
+        }
+        Ok(PlatformMuteGuard {
+            backend: MuteBackend::Pactl,
+            was_muted,
+        })
+    }
+
+    impl PlatformMuteGuard {
+        pub fn restore(self) {
+            let result = match self.backend {
+                MuteBackend::Wpctl => set_wpctl_muted(self.was_muted),
+                MuteBackend::Pactl => set_pactl_muted(self.was_muted),
+            };
+            if let Err(error) = result {
+                log::warn!("[audio-mute] restore output mute failed: {error}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn wpctl_muted() -> Result<bool, String> {
+        let output = Command::new("wpctl")
+            .args(["get-volume", "@DEFAULT_AUDIO_SINK@"])
+            .output()
+            .map_err(|error| format!("wpctl get-volume failed: {error}"))?;
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            return Err(std::str::from_utf8(&output.stderr)
+                .unwrap_or_default()
+                .trim()
+                .to_string());
+        }
+        Ok(parse_wpctl_muted(
+            std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout).unwrap_or_default(),
+        ))
+    }
+
+    fn set_wpctl_muted(muted: bool) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let value = if muted { "1" } else { "0" };
+        let output = Command::new("wpctl")
+            .args(["set-mute", "@DEFAULT_AUDIO_SINK@", value])
+            .output()
+            .map_err(|error| format!("wpctl set-mute failed: {error}"))?;
+        if output.status.success() {
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(std::str::from_utf8(&output.stderr)
+                .unwrap_or_default()
+                .trim()
+                .to_string())
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn pactl_muted() -> Result<bool, String> {
+        let output = Command::new("pactl")
+            .args(["get-sink-mute", "@DEFAULT_SINK@"])
+            .output()
+            .map_err(|error| format!("pactl get-sink-mute failed: {error}"))?;
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            return Err(std::str::from_utf8(&output.stderr)
+                .unwrap_or_default()
+                .trim()
+                .to_string());
+        }
+        Ok(parse_pactl_muted(
+            std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout).unwrap_or_default(),
+        ))
+    }
+
+    fn set_pactl_muted(muted: bool) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let value = if muted { "1" } else { "0" };
+        let output = Command::new("pactl")
+            .args(["set-sink-mute", "@DEFAULT_SINK@", value])
+            .output()
+            .map_err(|error| format!("pactl set-sink-mute failed: {error}"))?;
+        if output.status.success() {
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(std::str::from_utf8(&output.stderr)
+                .unwrap_or_default()
+                .trim()
+                .to_string())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+mod platform {
+    #[derive(Debug)]
+    pub struct PlatformMuteGuard;
+
+    pub fn activate() -> Result<PlatformMuteGuard, String> {
+        Err("output mute is not supported on this platform".to_string())
+    }
+
+    impl PlatformMuteGuard {
+        pub fn restore(self) {}
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn wpctl_output_parser_detects_muted_flag() {
+        assert!(parse_wpctl_muted("Volume: 0.00 [MUTED]"));
+        assert!(!parse_wpctl_muted("Volume: 0.82"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn pactl_output_parser_detects_muted_flag_in_any_locale() {
+        assert!(parse_pactl_muted("Mute: yes"));
+        assert!(parse_pactl_muted("静音：是"));
+        assert!(!parse_pactl_muted("Mute: no"));
+        assert!(!parse_pactl_muted("静音：否"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn disabled_guard_is_a_noop_that_drops_without_panicking() {
+        // `none()` is a pure no-op guard; dropping it must not panic and has no
+        // command side effect to assert, so we only verify construction/drop.
+        let guard = AudioMuteGuard::none();
+        drop(guard);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/backend.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/backend.rs
index 7c1ff6a7f..a02dc6665 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/backend.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/backend.rs
@@ -3,14 +3,13 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use futures_util::future::BoxFuture;
 
 use openless_core::{
-    AudioConsumer, AudioRecorder, BackendConfig, BackendDependencies, BackendError,
-    BackendErrorCode, BackendRepositories, BackendServices, CredentialStore, DictationEngine,
-    DictationEngineRouter, MarketplaceConfig, ModelStore, ModelStoreConfig, OpenLessBackend,
-    PipelineDictationEngine, PolishFailurePolicy, ProviderService, SettingsRuntime,
-    SharedAuxiliaryTextPolisher, SharedCloudTextPolisher, SharedCloudTranscriptionEngine,
-    SharedOmniDictationEngine, TextInserter, TextPolisher, TextPolisherRouter, TextStreamSink,
-    TranscriptOutput, TranscriptionEngine, TranscriptionRouter, TranscriptionSession,
-    SHARED_CLOUD_ASR_PROVIDER_TYPES, SHARED_CLOUD_LLM_PROVIDER_TYPES, SHARED_OMNI_PROVIDER_TYPES,
+    AudioRecorder, BackendConfig, BackendDependencies, BackendError, BackendErrorCode,
+    BackendRepositories, BackendServices, CredentialStore, DictationEngine, DictationEngineRouter,
+    MarketplaceConfig, OpenLessBackend, PipelineDictationEngine, PolishFailurePolicy,
+    ProviderService, SettingsRuntime, SharedAuxiliaryTextPolisher, SharedCloudTextPolisher,
+    SharedCloudTranscriptionEngine, SharedOmniDictationEngine, TextInserter, TextPolisher,
+    TextPolisherRouter, TranscriptionEngine, TranscriptionRouter, SHARED_CLOUD_ASR_PROVIDER_TYPES,
+    SHARED_CLOUD_LLM_PROVIDER_TYPES, SHARED_OMNI_PROVIDER_TYPES,
 };
 
 use crate::qa::LinuxQaRuntime;
@@ -47,619 +46,6 @@ impl openless_core::TaskSpawner for LinuxTaskSpawner {
     }
 }
 
-const QWEN_PREPARE_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(5);
-const QWEN_TRANSCRIBE_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(300);
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-struct QwenProcessOutput {
-    status: std::process::ExitStatus,
-    stdout: Vec<u8>,
-    stderr: Vec<u8>,
-}
-
-async fn run_qwen_process(
-    executable: std::path::PathBuf,
-    args: Vec<std::ffi::OsString>,
-    stdin: Option<Vec<u8>>,
-    cancelled: Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>,
-    timeout: std::time::Duration,
-) -> Result<QwenProcessOutput, BackendError> {
-    use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
-
-    if cancelled.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire) {
-        return Err(BackendError::new(
-            BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
-            "Qwen ASR operation cancelled",
-        ));
-    }
-    let mut command = tokio::process::Command::new(&executable);
-    command
-        .args(args)
-        .stdin(if stdin.is_some() {
-            std::process::Stdio::piped()
-        } else {
-            std::process::Stdio::null()
-        })
-        .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
-        .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
-        .kill_on_drop(true);
-    crate::coding_agent::isolate_process_group(&mut command);
-    let mut child = command.spawn().map_err(|error| {
-        BackendError::new(
-            if matches!(
-                error.kind(),
-                std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound | std::io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied
-            ) {
-                BackendErrorCode::Unsupported
-            } else {
-                BackendErrorCode::Platform
-            },
-            format!("Qwen ASR runtime unavailable: {error}"),
-        )
-    })?;
-    let stdin_task = stdin.map(|input| {
-        let mut pipe = child.stdin.take().expect("piped Qwen stdin");
-        tokio::spawn(async move {
-            pipe.write_all(&input).await?;
-            pipe.shutdown().await
-        })
-    });
-    let mut stdout = child.stdout.take().expect("piped Qwen stdout");
-    let mut stderr = child.stderr.take().expect("piped Qwen stderr");
-    let stdout_task = tokio::spawn(async move {
-        let mut bytes = Vec::new();
-        stdout.read_to_end(&mut bytes).await.map(|_| bytes)
-    });
-    let stderr_task = tokio::spawn(async move {
-        let mut bytes = Vec::new();
-        stderr.read_to_end(&mut bytes).await.map(|_| bytes)
-    });
-    let started = tokio::time::Instant::now();
-    let status = loop {
-        tokio::select! {
-            status = child.wait() => break Ok(status.map_err(qwen_platform_error)?),
-            _ = tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(20)) => {
-                let error = if cancelled.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire) {
-                    Some(BackendError::new(
-                        BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
-                        "Qwen ASR operation cancelled",
-                    ))
-                } else if started.elapsed() >= timeout {
-                    Some(BackendError::new(
-                        BackendErrorCode::Provider,
-                        "Qwen ASR operation timed out",
-                    ).retryable(true))
-                } else {
-                    None
-                };
-                if let Some(error) = error {
-                    crate::coding_agent::kill_process_group(&mut child)?;
-                    let _ = child.wait().await;
-                    break Err(error);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    };
-    let stdin_result = match stdin_task {
-        Some(task) => Some(task.await.map_err(qwen_internal_error)?),
-        None => None,
-    };
-    let stdout = stdout_task
-        .await
-        .map_err(qwen_internal_error)?
-        .map_err(qwen_platform_error)?;
-    let stderr = stderr_task
-        .await
-        .map_err(qwen_internal_error)?
-        .map_err(qwen_platform_error)?;
-    let status = status?;
-    if status.success() {
-        if let Some(result) = stdin_result {
-            result.map_err(qwen_platform_error)?;
-        }
-    }
-    Ok(QwenProcessOutput {
-        status,
-        stdout,
-        stderr,
-    })
-}
-
-fn qwen_platform_error(error: impl std::fmt::Display) -> BackendError {
-    BackendError::new(BackendErrorCode::Platform, error.to_string())
-}
-
-fn qwen_internal_error(error: impl std::fmt::Display) -> BackendError {
-    BackendError::new(BackendErrorCode::Internal, error.to_string())
-}
-
-fn qwen_executable() -> Option<std::path::PathBuf> {
-    crate::resources::detect_qwen_runtime_path()
-        .ok()
-        .filter(|path| qwen_executable_is_available(path))
-}
-
-fn qwen_executable_is_available(path: &std::path::Path) -> bool {
-    let Ok(metadata) = path.metadata() else {
-        return false;
-    };
-    if !metadata.is_file() {
-        return false;
-    }
-    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-    {
-        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
-        metadata.permissions().mode() & 0o111 != 0
-    }
-    #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
-    true
-}
-
-struct LinuxGenericAsrEngine {
-    root: std::sync::Arc<std::sync::Mutex<std::path::PathBuf>>,
-    executable: Option<std::path::PathBuf>,
-}
-
-struct LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime {
-    root: std::sync::Arc<std::sync::Mutex<std::path::PathBuf>>,
-    loaded_model: std::sync::Arc<std::sync::Mutex<Option<String>>>,
-    // ponytail: one shared cancellation flag serializes model operations; per-model tokens if parallel downloads are needed.
-    cancelled: std::sync::Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>,
-    executable: Option<std::path::PathBuf>,
-}
-
-impl Default for LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self::from_models_root(Self::default_root(), qwen_executable())
-    }
-}
-
-impl LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime {
-    const READY_SENTINEL: &'static str = openless_core::MODEL_READY_SENTINEL;
-
-    fn default_root() -> std::path::PathBuf {
-        if let Some(data) = std::env::var_os("XDG_DATA_HOME") {
-            return std::path::PathBuf::from(data)
-                .join("OpenLess")
-                .join("models");
-        }
-        std::env::var_os("HOME")
-            .map(std::path::PathBuf::from)
-            .unwrap_or_else(std::env::temp_dir)
-            .join(".local")
-            .join("share")
-            .join("OpenLess")
-            .join("models")
-    }
-
-    fn from_models_root(root: std::path::PathBuf, executable: Option<std::path::PathBuf>) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            root: std::sync::Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(root)),
-            loaded_model: std::sync::Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(None)),
-            cancelled: std::sync::Arc::new(std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool::new(false)),
-            executable,
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn is_ready_dir(dir: &std::path::Path) -> bool {
-        dir.join(Self::READY_SENTINEL).is_file()
-    }
-
-    fn ensure_qwen_target(target: &openless_core::LocalAsrTarget) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
-        let supported = target.runtime == openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic
-            && openless_core::LocalAsrModelId::from_wire_id(target.model_id())
-                .is_some_and(openless_core::LocalAsrModelId::is_qwen);
-        if supported {
-            Ok(())
-        } else {
-            Err(BackendError::new(
-                BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
-                "Linux local ASR currently supports Qwen models only",
-            ))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn qwen_engine_available() -> bool {
-    qwen_executable().is_some()
-}
-
-impl openless_core::ModelRuntimeAdapter for LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime {
-    fn engine_available(&self, runtime: openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime) -> bool {
-        runtime == openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic
-            && self
-                .executable
-                .as_deref()
-                .is_some_and(qwen_executable_is_available)
-    }
-
-    fn supports_model(&self, target: &openless_core::LocalAsrTarget) -> bool {
-        Self::ensure_qwen_target(target).is_ok()
-    }
-
-    fn rebind_storage(
-        &self,
-        models_root: std::path::PathBuf,
-    ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<openless_core::StorageRebind, BackendError>> {
-        *self.root.lock().expect("Linux ASR root lock poisoned") = models_root;
-        Box::pin(async { Ok(openless_core::StorageRebind::Applied) })
-    }
-
-    fn runtime_status(
-        &self,
-        settings: openless_core::LocalAsrSettings,
-        _model_dir: std::path::PathBuf,
-    ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<openless_core::LocalAsrRuntimeStatus, BackendError>> {
-        let available = self.engine_available(settings.runtime);
-        let loaded_model = std::sync::Arc::clone(&self.loaded_model);
-        Box::pin(async move {
-            let loaded = loaded_model
-                .lock()
-                .expect("Linux ASR loaded lock poisoned")
-                .clone();
-            let loaded = available.then_some(loaded).flatten();
-            Ok(openless_core::LocalAsrRuntimeStatus {
-                runtime: settings.runtime,
-                provider_id: settings.provider_id,
-                available,
-                loaded: loaded.is_some(),
-                active_model: settings.active_model.clone(),
-                model_id: loaded,
-                keep_loaded_secs: settings.keep_loaded_secs,
-                runtime_source: settings.runtime_source,
-                endpoint: None,
-                operation: None,
-                error: (!available).then(|| "packaged Qwen ASR runtime is not available".into()),
-                last_error: None,
-                last_prepare_ms: None,
-                last_transcribe_ms: None,
-                last_audio_ms: None,
-            })
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn prepare(
-        &self,
-        target: openless_core::LocalAsrTarget,
-        _source: openless_core::FoundryRuntimeSource,
-        dir: std::path::PathBuf,
-        _progress: openless_core::ModelPrepareProgressSink,
-    ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<String, BackendError>> {
-        if let Err(error) = Self::ensure_qwen_target(&target) {
-            return Box::pin(async move { Err(error) });
-        }
-        if let Some(root) = dir.parent() {
-            *self.root.lock().expect("Linux ASR root lock poisoned") = root.to_path_buf();
-        }
-        let executable = self.executable.clone();
-        let loaded = std::sync::Arc::clone(&self.loaded_model);
-        let cancelled = std::sync::Arc::clone(&self.cancelled);
-        Box::pin(async move {
-            cancelled.store(false, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
-            if !Self::is_ready_dir(&dir) {
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::InvalidState,
-                    format!("local ASR model is not downloaded: {}", target.model_id()),
-                ));
-            }
-            let executable = executable.ok_or_else(|| {
-                BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
-                    "packaged Qwen ASR runtime is not available",
-                )
-            })?;
-            let output = run_qwen_process(
-                executable,
-                vec!["--help".into()],
-                None,
-                Arc::clone(&cancelled),
-                QWEN_PREPARE_TIMEOUT,
-            )
-            .await?;
-            if !output.status.success() {
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
-                    "packaged Qwen ASR runtime failed its self-check",
-                ));
-            }
-            if cancelled.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire) {
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
-                    "Qwen ASR operation cancelled",
-                ));
-            }
-            *loaded.lock().expect("Linux ASR loaded lock poisoned") =
-                Some(target.model_id().to_string());
-            Ok(target.model_id().to_string())
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn release(
-        &self,
-        runtime: openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime,
-    ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<(), BackendError>> {
-        let loaded = std::sync::Arc::clone(&self.loaded_model);
-        Box::pin(async move {
-            if runtime != openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic {
-                return Ok(());
-            }
-            *loaded.lock().expect("Linux ASR loaded lock poisoned") = None;
-            Ok(())
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn release_lease(
-        &self,
-        lease: openless_core::LocalAsrRuntimeLease,
-    ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<(), BackendError>> {
-        let loaded = Arc::clone(&self.loaded_model);
-        Box::pin(async move {
-            let mut current = loaded.lock().expect("Linux ASR loaded lock poisoned");
-            if current.as_deref() == Some(lease.target.model_id()) {
-                *current = None;
-            }
-            Ok(())
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn preload(
-        &self,
-        target: openless_core::LocalAsrTarget,
-        model_dir: std::path::PathBuf,
-        _provider_type: String,
-    ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<(), BackendError>> {
-        if let Err(error) = Self::ensure_qwen_target(&target) {
-            return Box::pin(async move { Err(error) });
-        }
-        if let Some(root) = model_dir.parent() {
-            *self.root.lock().expect("Linux ASR root lock poisoned") = root.to_path_buf();
-        }
-        let loaded = std::sync::Arc::clone(&self.loaded_model);
-        Box::pin(async move {
-            if loaded
-                .lock()
-                .expect("Linux ASR loaded lock poisoned")
-                .as_deref()
-                != Some(target.model_id())
-            {
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::InvalidState,
-                    "prepare the selected local ASR model before preloading",
-                ));
-            }
-            Ok(())
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn cancel_prepare(
-        &self,
-        runtime: openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime,
-    ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<(), BackendError>> {
-        if runtime != openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic {
-            return Box::pin(async {
-                Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
-                    "Linux Generic/Qwen runtime only supports generic models",
-                ))
-            });
-        }
-        self.cancelled
-            .store(true, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
-        Box::pin(async { Ok(()) })
-    }
-
-    fn test_model(
-        &self,
-        target: openless_core::LocalAsrTarget,
-        dir: std::path::PathBuf,
-    ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<openless_core::LocalAsrTestResult, BackendError>> {
-        if let Err(error) = Self::ensure_qwen_target(&target) {
-            return Box::pin(async move { Err(error) });
-        }
-        let executable = self.executable.clone();
-        let cancelled = Arc::clone(&self.cancelled);
-        Box::pin(async move {
-            if !Self::is_ready_dir(&dir) {
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::InvalidState,
-                    "local ASR model is not downloaded",
-                ));
-            }
-            let audio = std::env::var_os("OPENLESS_QWEN_ASR_TEST_AUDIO")
-                .map(std::path::PathBuf::from)
-                .filter(|path| path.is_file())
-                .ok_or_else(|| {
-                    BackendError::new(
-                        BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
-                        "set OPENLESS_QWEN_ASR_TEST_AUDIO to an audio fixture for model testing",
-                    )
-                })?;
-            let executable = executable.ok_or_else(|| {
-                BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
-                    "packaged Qwen ASR runtime is not available",
-                )
-            })?;
-            cancelled.store(false, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
-            let started = std::time::Instant::now();
-            let output = run_qwen_process(
-                executable.clone(),
-                vec![
-                    "-d".into(),
-                    dir.into_os_string(),
-                    "-i".into(),
-                    audio.into_os_string(),
-                    "--silent".into(),
-                ],
-                None,
-                Arc::clone(&cancelled),
-                QWEN_TRANSCRIBE_TIMEOUT,
-            )
-            .await?;
-            if cancelled.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire) {
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
-                    "Qwen ASR operation cancelled",
-                ));
-            }
-            if !output.status.success() {
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Provider,
-                    String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr).trim().to_string(),
-                ));
-            }
-            Ok(openless_core::LocalAsrTestResult {
-                target,
-                backend: executable.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
-                expected_text: std::env::var("OPENLESS_QWEN_ASR_TEST_EXPECTED").unwrap_or_default(),
-                transcribed_text: String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim().to_string(),
-                audio_ms: 0,
-                load_ms: 0,
-                transcribe_ms: started.elapsed().as_millis() as u64,
-            })
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-struct LinuxGenericAsrSession {
-    model: Option<String>,
-    root: std::sync::Arc<std::sync::Mutex<std::path::PathBuf>>,
-    pcm: std::sync::Mutex<Vec<u8>>,
-    cancelled: std::sync::Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>,
-    executable: std::path::PathBuf,
-}
-
-impl TranscriptionEngine for LinuxGenericAsrEngine {
-    fn start(
-        &self,
-        _session_id: openless_core::SessionId,
-        context: std::sync::Arc<openless_core::DictationContext>,
-        _partials: std::sync::Arc<dyn TextStreamSink>,
-    ) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<std::sync::Arc<dyn TranscriptionSession>, BackendError>> {
-        let Some(executable) = self.executable.clone() else {
-            return Box::pin(async {
-                Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
-                    "packaged Qwen ASR runtime is not available",
-                ))
-            });
-        };
-        let session: std::sync::Arc<dyn TranscriptionSession> =
-            std::sync::Arc::new(LinuxGenericAsrSession {
-                model: context.asr.model.clone(),
-                root: std::sync::Arc::clone(&self.root),
-                pcm: std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new()),
-                cancelled: std::sync::Arc::new(std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool::new(false)),
-                executable,
-            });
-        Box::pin(async move { Ok(session) })
-    }
-}
-
-impl AudioConsumer for LinuxGenericAsrSession {
-    fn consume_pcm_chunk(&self, pcm: &[u8]) {
-        if !self.cancelled.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire) {
-            self.pcm
-                .lock()
-                .expect("Linux generic ASR PCM lock poisoned")
-                .extend_from_slice(pcm);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl TranscriptionSession for LinuxGenericAsrSession {
-    fn finish(&self) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<TranscriptOutput, BackendError>> {
-        let pcm = std::mem::take(
-            &mut *self
-                .pcm
-                .lock()
-                .expect("Linux generic ASR PCM lock poisoned"),
-        );
-        let model = self.model.clone();
-        let root = std::sync::Arc::clone(&self.root);
-        let cancelled = std::sync::Arc::clone(&self.cancelled);
-        let executable = self.executable.clone();
-        Box::pin(async move {
-            if cancelled.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire) {
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
-                    "ASR cancelled",
-                ));
-            }
-            let duration_ms = (pcm.len() as u64).saturating_mul(1000) / 32_000;
-            if pcm.is_empty() {
-                return Ok(TranscriptOutput {
-                    text: String::new(),
-                    duration_ms,
-                });
-            }
-            let model = model
-                .filter(|model| !model.trim().is_empty())
-                .ok_or_else(|| {
-                    BackendError::new(
-                        BackendErrorCode::InvalidState,
-                        "Qwen ASR model is not selected",
-                    )
-                })?;
-            let model_dir = root
-                .lock()
-                .expect("Linux ASR root lock poisoned")
-                .join(&model);
-            if !LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime::is_ready_dir(&model_dir) {
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::InvalidState,
-                    format!("Linux local ASR model is not prepared: {model}"),
-                ));
-            }
-            let output = run_qwen_process(
-                executable,
-                vec![
-                    "--stdin".into(),
-                    "--silent".into(),
-                    "-d".into(),
-                    model_dir.into_os_string(),
-                ],
-                Some(openless_core::encode_dictation_wav(&pcm)?),
-                Arc::clone(&cancelled),
-                QWEN_TRANSCRIBE_TIMEOUT,
-            )
-            .await?;
-            if cancelled.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire) {
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
-                    "ASR cancelled",
-                ));
-            }
-            if !output.status.success() {
-                let message = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr).trim().to_string();
-                return Err(BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Provider,
-                    if message.is_empty() {
-                        "Linux Generic/Qwen ASR failed".into()
-                    } else {
-                        message
-                    },
-                ));
-            }
-            let result = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim().to_string();
-            Ok(TranscriptOutput {
-                text: result,
-                duration_ms,
-            })
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn cancel(&self) -> BoxFuture<'static, Result<(), BackendError>> {
-        self.cancelled
-            .store(true, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
-        self.pcm
-            .lock()
-            .expect("Linux generic ASR PCM lock poisoned")
-            .clear();
-        Box::pin(async { Ok(()) })
-    }
-}
-
 /// Assemble the non-UI Linux runtime from shared provider Interfaces.
 ///
 /// The egui team only supplies a repaint callback and consumes the returned
@@ -677,7 +63,6 @@ pub struct LinuxBackendBuilder {
     services: Option<BackendServices>,
     host_actions: Option<Arc<LinuxHostActions>>,
     settings_runtime: Option<Arc<dyn SettingsRuntime>>,
-    local_asr_runtime: Option<Arc<dyn openless_core::ModelRuntimeAdapter>>,
     polish_failure_policy: PolishFailurePolicy,
     task_spawner: Option<Arc<dyn openless_core::TaskSpawner>>,
 }
@@ -701,10 +86,11 @@ impl LinuxBackendBuilder {
         // their isolation must also hold when linked against a production lib.
         if let Some(home_dir) = config.home_dir.as_deref() {
             if let Err(error) = store.migrate_legacy(home_dir) {
-                // A locked/unavailable Secret Service must not disable local ASR.
-                // The migration marker remains unset, so unlocking and restarting
-                // retries the original sources. Log only the classification, never
-                // a provider/keyring message that might contain secret values.
+                // A locked/unavailable Secret Service is not a reason to block
+                // construction: the migration marker remains unset, so unlocking
+                // and restarting retries the original sources. Log only the
+                // classification, never a provider/keyring message that might
+                // contain secret values.
                 log::warn!(
                     "Legacy credential migration is incomplete ({:?}); unlock the credential vault and restart to retry. Original credentials were retained.",
                     error.code
@@ -722,27 +108,8 @@ impl LinuxBackendBuilder {
         for provider_type in SHARED_CLOUD_ASR_PROVIDER_TYPES {
             transcription.register(*provider_type, Arc::clone(&cloud_transcription))?;
         }
-        let configured_models_root =
-            openless_core::PreferencesStore::open(config.data_dir.join("preferences.json"))
-                .ok()
-                .map(|preferences| preferences.get().local_asr_models_base_dir)
-                .filter(|base| !base.trim().is_empty())
-                .map(std::path::PathBuf::from)
-                .filter(|base| base.is_absolute())
-                .map(|base| base.join("OpenLess").join("models"))
-                .unwrap_or_else(LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime::default_root);
-        let qwen_executable = qwen_executable();
-        let linux_local_runtime = Arc::new(LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime::from_models_root(
-            configured_models_root,
-            qwen_executable.clone(),
-        ));
-        let linux_local_asr: Arc<dyn TranscriptionEngine> = Arc::new(LinuxGenericAsrEngine {
-            root: Arc::clone(&linux_local_runtime.root),
-            executable: qwen_executable,
-        });
-        for provider_id in ["local-qwen3", "local-qwen3-c"] {
-            transcription.register(provider_id, Arc::clone(&linux_local_asr))?;
-        }
+        // Linux has no local inference runtime: only shared cloud ASR providers
+        // are registered above, and local-ASR requests stay unsupported in Core.
         let polisher = Arc::new(TextPolisherRouter::default());
         let cloud_polisher: Arc<dyn TextPolisher> =
             Arc::new(SharedCloudTextPolisher::new(Arc::clone(&credential_store)));
@@ -756,17 +123,6 @@ impl LinuxBackendBuilder {
         ));
 
         let mut services = BackendServices::unsupported();
-        if let Ok(model_config) = ModelStoreConfig::new(
-            linux_local_runtime
-                .root
-                .lock()
-                .expect("Linux ASR root lock poisoned")
-                .clone(),
-        ) {
-            if let Ok(model_store) = ModelStore::new(model_config) {
-                services.configure_model_store(Arc::new(model_store));
-            }
-        }
         services.provider = Arc::new(ProviderService::new(
             Arc::clone(&credential_store),
             Arc::clone(&task_spawner),
@@ -780,7 +136,6 @@ impl LinuxBackendBuilder {
             .with_auxiliary_polisher(auxiliary_polisher)
             .with_credential_store(credential_store)
             .with_services(services)
-            .with_local_asr_runtime(linux_local_runtime)
             .with_marketplace_config(MarketplaceConfig::production())
             .with_settings_runtime(Arc::new(LinuxSettingsRuntime::new(store))))
     }
@@ -804,7 +159,6 @@ impl LinuxBackendBuilder {
             services: None,
             host_actions: None,
             settings_runtime: None,
-            local_asr_runtime: None,
             polish_failure_policy: PolishFailurePolicy::UseRawText,
             task_spawner: None,
         }
@@ -857,14 +211,6 @@ impl LinuxBackendBuilder {
         self
     }
 
-    pub fn with_local_asr_runtime(
-        mut self,
-        runtime: Arc<dyn openless_core::ModelRuntimeAdapter>,
-    ) -> Self {
-        self.local_asr_runtime = Some(runtime);
-        self
-    }
-
     pub fn with_polish_failure_policy(mut self, policy: PolishFailurePolicy) -> Self {
         self.polish_failure_policy = policy;
         self
@@ -876,15 +222,11 @@ impl LinuxBackendBuilder {
             None => Arc::new(LinuxTaskSpawner::capture_current()?),
         };
         let repositories = BackendRepositories::open(&self.config.data_dir)?;
-        let recorder = self
-            .recorder
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(LinuxCpalRecorder::new(None)) as Arc<dyn AudioRecorder>);
-        let recorder: Arc<dyn AudioRecorder> = Arc::new(openless_core::AudioRecorderRouter::new(
-            recorder,
-            openless_core::ExternalAudioRecorder::with_recordings_directory(
-                self.config.data_dir.join("recordings"),
-            ),
-        ));
+        let recordings_dir = self.config.data_dir.join("recordings");
+        let recorder = self.recorder.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+            Arc::new(LinuxCpalRecorder::with_recordings_dir(None, recordings_dir))
+                as Arc<dyn AudioRecorder>
+        });
         let text_inserter = self
             .text_inserter
             .unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(Fcitx5TextInserter::new(true)) as Arc<dyn TextInserter>);
@@ -948,10 +290,10 @@ impl LinuxBackendBuilder {
                 task_spawner,
                 credential_store,
                 services,
-                local_asr_runtime: Some(
-                    self.local_asr_runtime
-                        .unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime::default())),
-                ),
+                // Linux ships no local inference runtime. Leaving this unset
+                // makes every local-ASR call resolve to Core's unsupported
+                // adapter instead of fabricating a local capability.
+                local_asr_runtime: None,
                 marketplace_config: self.marketplace_config,
                 selection_runtime: Some(Arc::new(LinuxSelectionRuntime::new())),
                 selection_polisher: Some(selection_polisher),
@@ -975,7 +317,7 @@ mod tests {
     };
     use openless_core::{
         BackendErrorCode, CodingAgentProvider, CodingAgentTestRequest, InMemoryCredentialStore,
-        InsertOutcome, ModelRuntimeAdapter, ProviderKind, ProviderRequest,
+        InsertOutcome, ProviderKind, ProviderRequest,
     };
 
     use super::*;
@@ -1114,8 +456,8 @@ mod tests {
             .services()
             .provider
             .list_models(ProviderRequest {
-                thinking_enabled: false,
                 kind: ProviderKind::Llm,
+                thinking_enabled: false,
                 channel_id: None,
             })
             .await
@@ -1231,248 +573,12 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[tokio::test]
-    async fn generic_local_asr_runtime_tracks_real_model_files_and_lifecycle() {
-        let root = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
-            "openless-linux-local-asr-{}",
-            uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple()
-        ));
-        let models_root = root.join("OpenLess").join("models");
-        let runtime = LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime::from_models_root(
-            models_root.clone(),
-            Some(std::env::current_exe().unwrap()),
-        );
-        let store = openless_core::ModelStore::new(
-            openless_core::ModelStoreConfig::new(models_root.clone()).unwrap(),
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-        let target = openless_core::LocalAsrTarget::parse(
-            openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic,
-            "qwen3-asr-0.6b",
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-        let model_dir = models_root.join(target.model_id());
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(&model_dir).unwrap();
-        std::fs::write(
-            model_dir.join(LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime::READY_SENTINEL),
-            b"ready",
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-        std::fs::write(model_dir.join("weights.bin"), [1_u8, 2, 3]).unwrap();
-
-        let models = store
-            .list_models(openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic)
-            .unwrap();
-        let model = models
-            .iter()
-            .find(|model| model.target.model_id() == target.model_id())
-            .unwrap();
-        assert!(model.installed);
-        assert!(model.downloaded_bytes >= 3);
-        assert_eq!(
-            runtime
-                .prepare(
-                    target.clone(),
-                    openless_core::FoundryRuntimeSource::Auto,
-                    model_dir.clone(),
-                    Arc::new(|_| {}),
-                )
-                .await
-                .unwrap(),
-            target.model_id()
-        );
-        assert!(
-            runtime
-                .runtime_status(
-                    openless_core::LocalAsrSettings {
-                        runtime: openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic,
-                        provider_id: "local-qwen3".into(),
-                        active_model: target.model_id().into(),
-                        mirror: openless_core::LocalAsrMirror::Huggingface,
-                        models_base_dir: Some(root.clone()),
-                        models_root_dir: models_root.clone(),
-                        engine_available: false,
-                        language_hint: None,
-                        runtime_source: None,
-                        keep_loaded_secs: 0,
-                    },
-                    model_dir.clone()
-                )
-                .await
-                .unwrap()
-                .loaded
-        );
-        let next_target = openless_core::LocalAsrTarget::parse(
-            openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic,
-            "qwen3-asr-1.7b",
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-        let next_model_dir = models_root.join(next_target.model_id());
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(&next_model_dir).unwrap();
-        std::fs::write(
-            next_model_dir.join(LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime::READY_SENTINEL),
-            b"ready",
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-        runtime
-            .prepare(
-                next_target.clone(),
-                openless_core::FoundryRuntimeSource::Auto,
-                next_model_dir,
-                Arc::new(|_| {}),
-            )
-            .await
-            .unwrap();
-        runtime
-            .release_lease(openless_core::LocalAsrRuntimeLease {
-                target: target.clone(),
-                generation: 1,
-            })
-            .await
-            .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(
-            runtime.loaded_model.lock().unwrap().as_deref(),
-            Some(next_target.model_id())
-        );
-        runtime
-            .release(openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic)
-            .await
-            .unwrap();
-        store.delete_model(&target).unwrap();
-        assert!(!model_dir.exists());
-        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(root);
-    }
-
-    #[tokio::test]
-    async fn missing_qwen_runtime_never_reports_a_prepared_model() {
-        let root = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
-            "openless-linux-missing-qwen-runtime-{}",
-            uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple()
-        ));
-        let target = openless_core::LocalAsrTarget::parse(
-            openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic,
-            "qwen3-asr-0.6b",
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-        let model_dir = root.join(target.model_id());
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(&model_dir).unwrap();
-        std::fs::write(
-            model_dir.join(LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime::READY_SENTINEL),
-            b"ready",
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-        let runtime = LinuxGenericLocalAsrRuntime::from_models_root(root.clone(), None);
-
-        let error = runtime
-            .prepare(
-                target,
-                openless_core::FoundryRuntimeSource::Auto,
-                model_dir,
-                Arc::new(|_| {}),
-            )
-            .await
-            .expect_err("model files alone must not fake a loaded runtime");
-
-        assert_eq!(error.code, BackendErrorCode::Unsupported);
-        assert!(runtime.loaded_model.lock().unwrap().is_none());
-        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(root);
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-    async fn wait_for_pid(path: &std::path::Path) -> i32 {
-        for _ in 0..100 {
-            if let Ok(value) = std::fs::read_to_string(path) {
-                if let Ok(pid) = value.trim().parse() {
-                    return pid;
-                }
-            }
-            tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
-        }
-        panic!("fixture child PID was not written");
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-    async fn assert_process_exited(pid: i32) {
-        for _ in 0..100 {
-            // SAFETY: signal 0 only checks whether the fixture process still exists.
-            if unsafe { libc::kill(pid, 0) } == -1 {
-                return;
-            }
-            tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
-        }
-        panic!("fixture child process {pid} survived");
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-    #[tokio::test]
-    async fn qwen_runtime_cancellation_kills_the_process_group() {
-        let root = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
-            "openless-qwen-cancel-{}",
-            uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple()
-        ));
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(&root).unwrap();
-        let pid_file = root.join("pid");
-        let cancelled = Arc::new(std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool::new(false));
-        let task = tokio::spawn(run_qwen_process(
-            std::path::PathBuf::from("/bin/sh"),
-            vec![
-                "-c".into(),
-                format!("sleep 30 & echo $! > '{}'; wait", pid_file.display()).into(),
-            ],
-            None,
-            Arc::clone(&cancelled),
-            std::time::Duration::from_secs(30),
-        ));
-        let child_pid = wait_for_pid(&pid_file).await;
-        cancelled.store(true, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
-
-        let error = task.await.unwrap().unwrap_err();
-        assert_eq!(error.code, BackendErrorCode::Cancelled);
-        assert_process_exited(child_pid).await;
-        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(root);
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-    #[tokio::test]
-    async fn qwen_runtime_timeout_kills_the_process_group() {
-        let root = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
-            "openless-qwen-timeout-{}",
-            uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple()
-        ));
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(&root).unwrap();
-        let pid_file = root.join("pid");
-
-        let error = run_qwen_process(
-            std::path::PathBuf::from("/bin/sh"),
-            vec![
-                "-c".into(),
-                format!("sleep 30 & echo $! > '{}'; wait", pid_file.display()).into(),
-            ],
-            None,
-            Arc::new(std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool::new(false)),
-            std::time::Duration::from_millis(100),
-        )
-        .await
-        .unwrap_err();
-
-        assert!(error.message.contains("timed out"));
-        assert_process_exited(wait_for_pid(&pid_file).await).await;
-        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(root);
-    }
-
-    #[tokio::test]
-    async fn shared_builder_restores_custom_model_root_and_filters_unsupported_models() {
+    async fn shared_provider_build_reports_local_asr_unsupported() {
         let data_dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
-            "openless-linux-custom-model-root-{}",
+            "openless-linux-local-asr-unsupported-{}-{}",
+            std::process::id(),
             uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple()
         ));
-        let custom = data_dir.join("external");
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(&data_dir).unwrap();
-        let preferences =
-            openless_core::PreferencesStore::open(data_dir.join("preferences.json")).unwrap();
-        let mut value = preferences.get();
-        value.local_asr_models_base_dir = custom.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
-        preferences.set(value).unwrap();
-
         let runtime = LinuxBackendBuilder::from_shared_providers(BackendConfig {
             data_dir: data_dir.clone(),
             ..BackendConfig::default()
@@ -1480,26 +586,17 @@ mod tests {
         .unwrap()
         .build()
         .unwrap();
-        let storage = runtime
-            .backend
-            .services()
-            .local_asr
-            .storage_settings()
-            .await
-            .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(
-            storage.models_root_dir,
-            custom.join("OpenLess").join("models")
-        );
-        let models = runtime
+
+        // Linux ships no local inference runtime: Core must answer Unsupported
+        // rather than fabricate a Generic/Qwen capability.
+        let error = runtime
             .backend
             .services()
             .local_asr
-            .list_models(openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic)
+            .runtime_status(openless_core::LocalAsrRuntime::Generic)
             .await
-            .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(models.len(), 2);
-        assert!(models.iter().all(|model| model.family == "qwen3"));
+            .expect_err("Linux must not advertise a local ASR engine");
+        assert_eq!(error.code, BackendErrorCode::Unsupported);
         let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(data_dir);
     }
 
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/capabilities.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/capabilities.rs
index ca80cd467..1d7867da9 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/capabilities.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/capabilities.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ impl LinuxCapabilitySnapshot {
         x11_display: Option<&str>,
         fcitx5_ready: bool,
         tray_available: bool,
-        package_kind: LinuxPackageKind,
+        _package_kind: LinuxPackageKind,
     ) -> Self {
         let session = if wayland_display.is_some_and(|value| !value.trim().is_empty()) {
             LinuxDesktopSession::Wayland
@@ -48,10 +48,16 @@ impl LinuxCapabilitySnapshot {
                 supports_tray: desktop && tray_available,
                 supports_overlay: session == LinuxDesktopSession::X11,
                 supports_ime_input: desktop && fcitx5_ready,
-                supports_local_asr: desktop,
+                // Linux ships no local inference engine (Generic/Qwen, MLX or
+                // Foundry). Report false on every desktop session so the UI and
+                // downstream gate on the honest answer.
+                supports_local_asr: false,
                 supports_local_qwen3_mlx: false,
                 supports_in_app_dictation: false,
-                supports_auto_update: package_kind == LinuxPackageKind::AppImage,
+                // AppImage detection alone is not an updater capability. Keep
+                // this false until transport and a pinned minisign verifier
+                // have both initialized successfully.
+                supports_auto_update: false,
             },
             permissions: PermissionSnapshot {
                 microphone: if desktop {
@@ -64,16 +70,23 @@ impl LinuxCapabilitySnapshot {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn detect(tray_available: bool, package_kind: LinuxPackageKind) -> Self {
+    pub fn detect(
+        tray_available: bool,
+        package_kind: LinuxPackageKind,
+        updater_available: bool,
+    ) -> Self {
         let wayland = std::env::var("WAYLAND_DISPLAY").ok();
         let x11 = std::env::var("DISPLAY").ok();
-        Self::from_environment(
+        let mut snapshot = Self::from_environment(
             wayland.as_deref(),
             x11.as_deref(),
             fcitx5_available(),
             tray_available,
             package_kind,
-        )
+        );
+        snapshot.capabilities.supports_auto_update =
+            package_kind == LinuxPackageKind::AppImage && updater_available;
+        snapshot
     }
 }
 
@@ -192,12 +205,10 @@ impl PlatformApi for LinuxPlatformApi {
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
 fn enumerate_microphones() -> Result<Vec<MicrophoneDevice>, BackendError> {
-    use cpal::traits::{DeviceTrait, HostTrait};
+    use cpal::traits::HostTrait;
 
     let host = cpal::default_host();
-    let default_name = host
-        .default_input_device()
-        .and_then(|device| device.name().ok());
+    let default_name = host.default_input_device().map(|device| device.to_string());
     let devices = host.input_devices().map_err(|error| {
         BackendError::new(
             BackendErrorCode::Platform,
@@ -207,12 +218,7 @@ fn enumerate_microphones() -> Result<Vec<MicrophoneDevice>, BackendError> {
     devices
         .enumerate()
         .map(|(index, device)| {
-            let name = device.name().map_err(|error| {
-                BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Platform,
-                    format!("failed to read Linux microphone name: {error}"),
-                )
-            })?;
+            let name = device.to_string();
             Ok(MicrophoneDevice {
                 id: format!("cpal:{index}:{name}"),
                 is_default: default_name.as_deref() == Some(name.as_str()),
@@ -237,7 +243,8 @@ mod tests {
         );
         assert_eq!(x11.session, LinuxDesktopSession::X11);
         assert!(x11.capabilities.supports_overlay);
-        assert!(x11.capabilities.supports_auto_update);
+        assert!(!x11.capabilities.supports_local_asr);
+        assert!(!x11.capabilities.supports_auto_update);
 
         let wayland = LinuxCapabilitySnapshot::from_environment(
             Some("wayland-0"),
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/coding_agent.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/coding_agent.rs
index e2c71250d..0957608f7 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/coding_agent.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/coding_agent.rs
@@ -110,12 +110,6 @@ pub(crate) fn isolate_process_group(command: &mut tokio::process::Command) {
     let _ = command;
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn kill_process_group(
-    child: &mut tokio::process::Child,
-) -> Result<(), openless_core::BackendError> {
-    kill_process_group_with_id(child, child.id())
-}
-
 fn kill_process_group_with_id(
     child: &mut tokio::process::Child,
     _process_id: Option<u32>,
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/credentials.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/credentials.rs
index 0f506728e..fd39def51 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/credentials.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/credentials.rs
@@ -447,9 +447,13 @@ impl CredentialStore for LinuxCredentialStore {
                     OMNI_MODEL_ACCOUNT,
                 ),
             };
+            // Linux ships no local inference engine, so every native/local ASR
+            // provider id is reported unconfigured rather than gated on a Qwen
+            // runtime that is never present.
             let local_asr_configured = match asr_provider_type.as_str() {
-                "local-qwen3" | "local-qwen3-c" => Some(crate::backend::qwen_engine_available()),
-                "local-qwen3-mlx"
+                "local-qwen3"
+                | "local-qwen3-c"
+                | "local-qwen3-mlx"
                 | "local-whisper"
                 | "apple-speech"
                 | "foundry-local-whisper"
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/desktop.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/desktop.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3f7207f68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/desktop.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,463 @@
+//! Linux desktop integration that does not depend on Tauri.
+//!
+//! The functions in this module deliberately report failures instead of
+//! treating a best-effort desktop operation as successful.  Slow operations
+//! (D-Bus and process execution) are blocking and should be dispatched with
+//! `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` by the UI bridge.
+
+use std::fmt;
+use std::fs::{self, File, OpenOptions};
+use std::io::{self, Write};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::process::{Command, ExitStatus};
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+const AUTOSTART_FILE: &str = "openless.desktop";
+const NOTIFICATION_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum DesktopError {
+    InvalidInput(String),
+    Io {
+        operation: &'static str,
+        source: io::Error,
+    },
+    Dbus(String),
+    LauncherFailed {
+        program: String,
+        status: ExitStatus,
+    },
+    LauncherUnavailable(Vec<String>),
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for DesktopError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::InvalidInput(message) => f.write_str(message),
+            Self::Io { operation, source } => write!(f, "{operation}: {source}"),
+            Self::Dbus(message) => write!(f, "desktop notification D-Bus error: {message}"),
+            Self::LauncherFailed { program, status } => {
+                write!(f, "{program} exited unsuccessfully ({status})")
+            }
+            Self::LauncherUnavailable(errors) => {
+                write!(
+                    f,
+                    "no desktop URL launcher was available: {}",
+                    errors.join("; ")
+                )
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for DesktopError {}
+
+fn io_error(operation: &'static str, source: io::Error) -> DesktopError {
+    DesktopError::Io { operation, source }
+}
+
+/// Manages the per-user XDG autostart entry for OpenLess.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct AutostartManager {
+    entry_path: PathBuf,
+    executable: PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl AutostartManager {
+    pub fn detect(executable: PathBuf) -> Result<Self, DesktopError> {
+        let config_home = match std::env::var_os("XDG_CONFIG_HOME") {
+            Some(path) if !path.is_empty() => PathBuf::from(path),
+            _ => std::env::var_os("HOME")
+                .filter(|path| !path.is_empty())
+                .map(PathBuf::from)
+                .map(|home| home.join(".config"))
+                .ok_or_else(|| {
+                    DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+                        "neither XDG_CONFIG_HOME nor HOME is available".into(),
+                    )
+                })?,
+        };
+        Self::new(
+            config_home.join("autostart").join(AUTOSTART_FILE),
+            executable,
+        )
+    }
+
+    pub fn new(entry_path: PathBuf, executable: PathBuf) -> Result<Self, DesktopError> {
+        validate_executable(&executable)?;
+        if !entry_path.is_absolute() {
+            return Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+                "autostart entry path must be absolute".into(),
+            ));
+        }
+        Ok(Self {
+            entry_path,
+            executable,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn entry_path(&self) -> &Path {
+        &self.entry_path
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_enabled(&self) -> Result<bool, DesktopError> {
+        match fs::symlink_metadata(&self.entry_path) {
+            Ok(metadata) if metadata.file_type().is_symlink() => Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+                "refusing to trust a symlinked autostart entry".into(),
+            )),
+            Ok(metadata) if metadata.is_file() => Ok(true),
+            Ok(_) => Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+                "autostart entry exists but is not a regular file".into(),
+            )),
+            Err(error) if error.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(false),
+            Err(error) => Err(io_error("inspect autostart entry", error)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_enabled(&self, enabled: bool) -> Result<(), DesktopError> {
+        if enabled {
+            // Inspect first so a hostile/pre-existing symlink is never silently
+            // replaced and reported as a successfully managed entry.
+            let _ = self.is_enabled()?;
+            let contents = desktop_entry(&self.executable)?;
+            atomic_write(&self.entry_path, contents.as_bytes(), Some(0o600))
+        } else {
+            match fs::symlink_metadata(&self.entry_path) {
+                Ok(metadata) if metadata.file_type().is_symlink() => {
+                    Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+                        "refusing to remove a symlinked autostart entry".into(),
+                    ))
+                }
+                Ok(metadata) if metadata.is_file() => {
+                    fs::remove_file(&self.entry_path)
+                        .map_err(|error| io_error("remove autostart entry", error))?;
+                    sync_parent(&self.entry_path)
+                }
+                Ok(_) => Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+                    "autostart entry exists but is not a regular file".into(),
+                )),
+                Err(error) if error.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(()),
+                Err(error) => Err(io_error("inspect autostart entry", error)),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn validate_executable(executable: &Path) -> Result<(), DesktopError> {
+    if !executable.is_absolute() {
+        return Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "autostart executable must be absolute".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let value = executable.as_os_str().to_string_lossy();
+    if value.contains(['\n', '\r', '\0']) {
+        return Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "autostart executable contains a forbidden control character".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn desktop_entry(executable: &Path) -> Result<String, DesktopError> {
+    validate_executable(executable)?;
+    let escaped = executable
+        .as_os_str()
+        .to_string_lossy()
+        .replace('\\', "\\\\")
+        .replace('"', "\\\"")
+        .replace('`', "\\`")
+        .replace('$', "\\$");
+    Ok(format!(
+        "[Desktop Entry]\nType=Application\nVersion=1.0\nName=OpenLess\nComment=Start OpenLess in the background\nExec=\"{escaped}\" --minimized\nTerminal=false\nX-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true\n"
+    ))
+}
+
+/// A freedesktop.org desktop notification.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct Notification<'a> {
+    pub summary: &'a str,
+    pub body: &'a str,
+    pub icon: &'a str,
+    /// Zero lets the notification server choose its default timeout.
+    pub timeout_ms: i32,
+}
+
+/// Sends a notification and returns the notification server's identifier.
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+pub fn notify(request: Notification<'_>) -> Result<u32, DesktopError> {
+    use dbus::arg::PropMap;
+    use dbus::blocking::Connection;
+
+    if request.summary.contains('\0') || request.body.contains('\0') {
+        return Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "notification text contains a NUL byte".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let connection =
+        Connection::new_session().map_err(|error| DesktopError::Dbus(error.to_string()))?;
+    let proxy = connection.with_proxy(
+        "org.freedesktop.Notifications",
+        "/org/freedesktop/Notifications",
+        NOTIFICATION_TIMEOUT,
+    );
+    let hints: PropMap = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+    let (id,): (u32,) = proxy
+        .method_call(
+            "org.freedesktop.Notifications",
+            "Notify",
+            (
+                "OpenLess",
+                0u32,
+                request.icon,
+                request.summary,
+                request.body,
+                Vec::<String>::new(),
+                hints,
+                request.timeout_ms,
+            ),
+        )
+        .map_err(|error| DesktopError::Dbus(error.to_string()))?;
+    Ok(id)
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+pub fn notify(_request: Notification<'_>) -> Result<u32, DesktopError> {
+    Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+        "desktop notifications are supported only on Linux".into(),
+    ))
+}
+
+/// Opens an HTTP(S) URL using a desktop launcher and waits for the launcher to
+/// acknowledge the request.  Returning `Ok` never means merely "spawned".
+pub fn open_external(url: &str) -> Result<(), DesktopError> {
+    validate_external_url(url)?;
+    open_external_with(url, &[("xdg-open", &[]), ("gio", &["open"])])
+}
+
+/// Opens a validated regular local file with the user's desktop handler.
+pub fn open_local_file(path: &Path) -> Result<(), DesktopError> {
+    if !path.is_absolute() {
+        return Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "local file path must be absolute".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let metadata =
+        fs::symlink_metadata(path).map_err(|error| io_error("inspect local file", error))?;
+    if metadata.file_type().is_symlink() || !metadata.is_file() {
+        return Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "local file must be a regular non-symlink file".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let mut unavailable = Vec::new();
+    for (program, prefix) in [("xdg-open", &[][..]), ("gio", &["open"][..])] {
+        match Command::new(program).args(prefix).arg(path).status() {
+            Ok(status) if status.success() => return Ok(()),
+            Ok(status) => {
+                return Err(DesktopError::LauncherFailed {
+                    program: program.into(),
+                    status,
+                });
+            }
+            Err(error) if error.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => {
+                unavailable.push(format!("{program}: {error}"));
+            }
+            Err(error) => return Err(io_error("launch local file handler", error)),
+        }
+    }
+    Err(DesktopError::LauncherUnavailable(unavailable))
+}
+
+fn validate_external_url(url: &str) -> Result<(), DesktopError> {
+    if !(url.starts_with("https://") || url.starts_with("http://")) {
+        return Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "only HTTP(S) external URLs are allowed".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    if url.chars().any(char::is_control) {
+        return Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "external URL contains a control character".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn open_external_with(url: &str, launchers: &[(&str, &[&str])]) -> Result<(), DesktopError> {
+    let mut unavailable = Vec::new();
+    for (program, prefix) in launchers {
+        match Command::new(program).args(*prefix).arg(url).status() {
+            Ok(status) if status.success() => return Ok(()),
+            Ok(status) => {
+                return Err(DesktopError::LauncherFailed {
+                    program: (*program).into(),
+                    status,
+                })
+            }
+            Err(error) if error.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => {
+                unavailable.push(format!("{program}: {error}"));
+            }
+            Err(error) => return Err(io_error("start desktop URL launcher", error)),
+        }
+    }
+    Err(DesktopError::LauncherUnavailable(unavailable))
+}
+
+/// Validates a user-selected destination for a safe atomic save.
+pub fn validate_save_path(path: &Path) -> Result<PathBuf, DesktopError> {
+    if !path.is_absolute() || path.file_name().is_none() {
+        return Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "save destination must be an absolute file path".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let parent = path.parent().ok_or_else(|| {
+        DesktopError::InvalidInput("save destination has no parent directory".into())
+    })?;
+    let canonical_parent = parent
+        .canonicalize()
+        .map_err(|error| io_error("resolve save destination directory", error))?;
+    if !canonical_parent.is_dir() {
+        return Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "save destination parent is not a directory".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    match fs::symlink_metadata(path) {
+        Ok(metadata) if metadata.file_type().is_symlink() => Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "refusing to overwrite a symlink".into(),
+        )),
+        Ok(metadata) if !metadata.is_file() => Err(DesktopError::InvalidInput(
+            "save destination exists but is not a regular file".into(),
+        )),
+        Ok(_) => Ok(canonical_parent.join(path.file_name().expect("checked above"))),
+        Err(error) if error.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => {
+            Ok(canonical_parent.join(path.file_name().expect("checked above")))
+        }
+        Err(error) => Err(io_error("inspect save destination", error)),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Atomically saves bytes without following an existing destination symlink.
+pub fn atomic_save(path: &Path, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<PathBuf, DesktopError> {
+    let validated = validate_save_path(path)?;
+    atomic_write(&validated, bytes, Some(0o600))?;
+    Ok(validated)
+}
+
+fn atomic_write(path: &Path, bytes: &[u8], unix_mode: Option<u32>) -> Result<(), DesktopError> {
+    let parent = path.parent().ok_or_else(|| {
+        DesktopError::InvalidInput("atomic-write destination has no parent".into())
+    })?;
+    fs::create_dir_all(parent).map_err(|error| io_error("create destination directory", error))?;
+    let file_name = path.file_name().ok_or_else(|| {
+        DesktopError::InvalidInput("atomic-write destination has no filename".into())
+    })?;
+    let temp = parent.join(format!(
+        ".{}.tmp-{}",
+        file_name.to_string_lossy(),
+        uuid::Uuid::new_v4()
+    ));
+    let result = (|| {
+        let mut file = OpenOptions::new()
+            .write(true)
+            .create_new(true)
+            .open(&temp)
+            .map_err(|error| io_error("create temporary file", error))?;
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        if let Some(mode) = unix_mode {
+            use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+            file.set_permissions(fs::Permissions::from_mode(mode))
+                .map_err(|error| io_error("set temporary file permissions", error))?;
+        }
+        file.write_all(bytes)
+            .map_err(|error| io_error("write temporary file", error))?;
+        file.sync_all()
+            .map_err(|error| io_error("sync temporary file", error))?;
+        fs::rename(&temp, path).map_err(|error| io_error("replace destination", error))?;
+        sync_parent(path)
+    })();
+    if result.is_err() {
+        let _ = fs::remove_file(&temp);
+    }
+    result
+}
+
+fn sync_parent(path: &Path) -> Result<(), DesktopError> {
+    let parent = path
+        .parent()
+        .ok_or_else(|| DesktopError::InvalidInput("destination has no parent directory".into()))?;
+    File::open(parent)
+        .and_then(|directory| directory.sync_all())
+        .map_err(|error| io_error("sync destination directory", error))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering};
+
+    static NEXT_TEMP: AtomicU64 = AtomicU64::new(0);
+
+    fn temp_dir(name: &str) -> PathBuf {
+        let path = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
+            "openless-desktop-{name}-{}-{}",
+            std::process::id(),
+            NEXT_TEMP.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed)
+        ));
+        fs::create_dir_all(&path).unwrap();
+        path
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn autostart_is_atomic_and_round_trips() {
+        let root = temp_dir("autostart");
+        let entry = root.join("config/autostart/openless.desktop");
+        let manager =
+            AutostartManager::new(entry.clone(), PathBuf::from("/opt/Open Less/openless")).unwrap();
+        assert!(!manager.is_enabled().unwrap());
+        manager.set_enabled(true).unwrap();
+        assert!(manager.is_enabled().unwrap());
+        let text = fs::read_to_string(&entry).unwrap();
+        assert!(text.contains("Exec=\"/opt/Open Less/openless\" --minimized"));
+        assert_eq!(text.matches("[Desktop Entry]").count(), 1);
+        manager.set_enabled(false).unwrap();
+        assert!(!manager.is_enabled().unwrap());
+        fs::remove_dir_all(root).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    #[test]
+    fn autostart_refuses_to_replace_or_remove_symlinks() {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::symlink;
+        let root = temp_dir("autostart-symlink");
+        let target = root.join("target");
+        fs::write(&target, b"keep").unwrap();
+        let entry = root.join("openless.desktop");
+        symlink(&target, &entry).unwrap();
+        let manager = AutostartManager::new(entry, PathBuf::from("/usr/bin/openless")).unwrap();
+        assert!(manager.set_enabled(false).is_err());
+        assert!(manager.set_enabled(true).is_err());
+        assert_eq!(fs::read(&target).unwrap(), b"keep");
+        fs::remove_dir_all(root).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn save_path_is_canonical_and_atomic() {
+        let root = temp_dir("save");
+        let nested = root.join("nested");
+        fs::create_dir(&nested).unwrap();
+        let destination = nested.join("export.json");
+        let saved = atomic_save(&destination, b"first").unwrap();
+        assert!(saved.is_absolute());
+        assert_eq!(fs::read(&destination).unwrap(), b"first");
+        atomic_save(&destination, b"second").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(fs::read(&destination).unwrap(), b"second");
+        assert_eq!(fs::read_dir(&nested).unwrap().count(), 1);
+        fs::remove_dir_all(root).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn unsafe_save_and_url_inputs_are_rejected() {
+        assert!(validate_save_path(Path::new("relative.txt")).is_err());
+        assert!(validate_external_url("file:///etc/passwd").is_err());
+        assert!(validate_external_url("https://example.test/\nattack").is_err());
+        assert!(validate_external_url("https://example.test/path").is_ok());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/fcitx5.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/fcitx5.rs
index e33aeb61f..57080b792 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/fcitx5.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/fcitx5.rs
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 
 use futures_util::future::BoxFuture;
 use openless_core::{
-    BackendError, BackendErrorCode, InsertOutcome, InsertWriteResult, ResourceResolver,
-    TextInserter, TextInsertionSession,
+    BackendError, BackendErrorCode, InsertOutcome, InsertWriteResult, TextInserter,
+    TextInsertionSession,
 };
 
-use crate::{LinuxPackageKind, LinuxResourceLayout, FCITX_PLUGIN_CONFIG, FCITX_PLUGIN_LIBRARY};
+use crate::LinuxResourceLayout;
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
 pub(crate) const DESTINATION: &str = "org.fcitx.Fcitx5";
@@ -21,35 +21,19 @@ const TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(3);
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct FcitxPluginInstallPlan {
-    pub source_library: Option<PathBuf>,
-    pub source_config: Option<PathBuf>,
     pub target_library: PathBuf,
     pub target_config: PathBuf,
-    pub copy_required: bool,
 }
 
 impl FcitxPluginInstallPlan {
     pub fn for_layout(layout: &LinuxResourceLayout, home: &Path) -> Result<Self, BackendError> {
         let target_library = home.join(".local/lib/fcitx5/libopenless.so");
         let target_config = home.join(".local/share/fcitx5/addon/openless.conf");
-        if layout.package_kind == LinuxPackageKind::AppImage {
-            let resolver = layout.resolver()?;
-            Ok(Self {
-                source_library: Some(resolver.resolve(Path::new(FCITX_PLUGIN_LIBRARY))?),
-                source_config: Some(resolver.resolve(Path::new(FCITX_PLUGIN_CONFIG))?),
-                target_library,
-                target_config,
-                copy_required: true,
-            })
-        } else {
-            Ok(Self {
-                source_library: None,
-                source_config: None,
-                target_library,
-                target_config,
-                copy_required: false,
-            })
-        }
+        let _ = layout;
+        Ok(Self {
+            target_library,
+            target_config,
+        })
     }
 }
 
@@ -57,137 +41,16 @@ impl FcitxPluginInstallPlan {
 pub enum FcitxPluginStatus {
     Ready,
     Missing,
-    Updated,
 }
 
 pub fn ensure_plugin_installed(
     plan: &FcitxPluginInstallPlan,
 ) -> Result<FcitxPluginStatus, BackendError> {
-    if !plan.copy_required {
-        return if system_plugin_available() || user_plugin_available(plan) {
-            Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Ready)
-        } else {
-            Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Missing)
-        };
-    }
-    let source_library = plan.source_library.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
-        BackendError::new(
-            BackendErrorCode::InvalidArgument,
-            "AppImage plugin plan is missing the bundled library",
-        )
-    })?;
-    let source_config = plan.source_config.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
-        BackendError::new(
-            BackendErrorCode::InvalidArgument,
-            "AppImage plugin plan is missing the bundled config",
-        )
-    })?;
-    let library = read_non_empty(source_library)?;
-    let config = read_non_empty(source_config)?;
-    let library_changed = target_differs(&plan.target_library, &library)?;
-    let config_changed = target_differs(&plan.target_config, &config)?;
-    if !library_changed && !config_changed {
-        return Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Ready);
-    }
-    if library_changed {
-        atomic_write(&plan.target_library, &library, true)?;
-    }
-    if config_changed {
-        atomic_write(&plan.target_config, &config, false)?;
-    }
-    Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Updated)
-}
-
-fn read_non_empty(path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<u8>, BackendError> {
-    let bytes = std::fs::read(path).map_err(|error| {
-        BackendError::new(
-            BackendErrorCode::Platform,
-            format!("failed to read fcitx5 resource {}: {error}", path.display()),
-        )
-    })?;
-    if bytes.is_empty() {
-        return Err(BackendError::new(
-            BackendErrorCode::Platform,
-            format!("fcitx5 resource {} is empty", path.display()),
-        ));
-    }
-    Ok(bytes)
-}
-
-fn target_differs(path: &Path, expected: &[u8]) -> Result<bool, BackendError> {
-    match std::fs::read(path) {
-        Ok(actual) => Ok(actual != expected),
-        Err(error) if error.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(true),
-        Err(error) => Err(BackendError::new(
-            BackendErrorCode::Platform,
-            format!(
-                "failed to read existing fcitx5 file {}: {error}",
-                path.display()
-            ),
-        )),
-    }
-}
-
-fn atomic_write(path: &Path, bytes: &[u8], executable: bool) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
-    let parent = path.parent().ok_or_else(|| {
-        BackendError::new(
-            BackendErrorCode::InvalidArgument,
-            "fcitx5 target has no parent directory",
-        )
-    })?;
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(parent).map_err(|error| {
-        BackendError::new(
-            BackendErrorCode::Platform,
-            format!("failed to create fcitx5 target directory: {error}"),
-        )
-    })?;
-    let temporary = parent.join(format!(
-        ".{}.{}.tmp",
-        path.file_name()
-            .and_then(|name| name.to_str())
-            .unwrap_or("openless"),
-        std::process::id()
-    ));
-    std::fs::write(&temporary, bytes).map_err(|error| {
-        BackendError::new(
-            BackendErrorCode::Platform,
-            format!("failed to stage fcitx5 resource: {error}"),
-        )
-    })?;
-    #[cfg(unix)]
-    if executable {
-        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
-        std::fs::set_permissions(&temporary, std::fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o755)).map_err(
-            |error| {
-                BackendError::new(
-                    BackendErrorCode::Platform,
-                    format!("failed to set fcitx5 plugin permissions: {error}"),
-                )
-            },
-        )?;
-    }
-    #[cfg(not(unix))]
-    let _ = executable;
-    // POSIX rename replaces an existing file atomically, so the previously
-    // working plugin remains available if staging or commit fails. The
-    // non-Unix branch exists only for portable unit tests/tooling, where the
-    // platform rename API may require explicitly removing the destination.
-    #[cfg(not(unix))]
-    if path.exists() {
-        std::fs::remove_file(path).map_err(|error| {
-            BackendError::new(
-                BackendErrorCode::Platform,
-                format!("failed to replace fcitx5 resource: {error}"),
-            )
-        })?;
+    if system_plugin_available() || user_plugin_available(plan) {
+        Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Ready)
+    } else {
+        Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Missing)
     }
-    std::fs::rename(&temporary, path).map_err(|error| {
-        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&temporary);
-        BackendError::new(
-            BackendErrorCode::Platform,
-            format!("failed to commit fcitx5 resource: {error}"),
-        )
-    })
 }
 
 fn user_plugin_available(plan: &FcitxPluginInstallPlan) -> bool {
@@ -195,14 +58,31 @@ fn user_plugin_available(plan: &FcitxPluginInstallPlan) -> bool {
 }
 
 fn system_plugin_available() -> bool {
-    let library = [
-        "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/fcitx5/libopenless.so",
-        "/usr/lib64/fcitx5/libopenless.so",
-        "/usr/lib/fcitx5/libopenless.so",
-    ]
-    .iter()
-    .any(|path| Path::new(path).is_file());
-    library && Path::new("/usr/share/fcitx5/addon/openless.conf").is_file()
+    let config_dirs = [
+        std::env::var_os("FCITX5_ADDON_DIR").map(PathBuf::from),
+        std::env::var_os("FCITX_ADDON_DIR").map(PathBuf::from),
+        Some(PathBuf::from("/usr/share/fcitx5/addon")),
+        Some(PathBuf::from("/usr/local/share/fcitx5/addon")),
+    ];
+    let config = config_dirs
+        .into_iter()
+        .flatten()
+        .find(|dir| dir.join("openless.conf").is_file());
+    let Some(config) = config else { return false };
+    let mut library_dirs = vec![
+        PathBuf::from("/usr/lib64/fcitx5"),
+        PathBuf::from("/usr/lib/fcitx5"),
+        PathBuf::from("/usr/local/lib/fcitx5"),
+    ];
+    if let Ok(entries) = std::fs::read_dir("/usr/lib") {
+        library_dirs.extend(entries.flatten().map(|entry| entry.path().join("fcitx5")));
+    }
+    if let Some(parent) = config.parent() {
+        library_dirs.push(parent.to_path_buf());
+    }
+    library_dirs
+        .iter()
+        .any(|dir| dir.join("libopenless.so").is_file())
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -505,6 +385,23 @@ pub(crate) fn set_raw_hotkey(method: &str, symbol: u32, states: u32) -> Result<(
     send_message(method, |message| message.append2(symbol, states))
 }
 
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+pub(crate) fn set_style_pack_hotkeys(
+    bindings: Vec<(String, u32, u32)>,
+) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
+    send_message("SetStylePackHotkeys", |message| message.append1(bindings))
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+pub(crate) fn set_style_pack_hotkeys(
+    _bindings: Vec<(String, u32, u32)>,
+) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
+    Err(BackendError::new(
+        BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
+        "fcitx5 hotkey settings are only available on Linux",
+    ))
+}
+
 #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
 pub(crate) fn set_raw_hotkey(
     _method: &str,
@@ -725,13 +622,89 @@ pub fn available() -> bool {
     false
 }
 
+/// Ask a running fcitx5 daemon to reload so it loads a freshly written
+/// OpenLess addon, mirroring the legacy Tauri `linux_fcitx` adapter.
+///
+/// Only an instance that currently owns the `org.fcitx.Fcitx5` DBus name is
+/// restarted. On a first install fcitx5 may not be running yet; that is fine,
+/// because the next fcitx5 start scans the per-user addon directory and loads
+/// the addon on its own, so we never force-spawn a daemon (first-install
+/// semantics are preserved). On an update the running instance is restarted so
+/// the new `.so` is actually loaded (restart semantics).
+///
+/// Failures are logged and never fatal: startup continues down the fcitx5
+/// DBus path instead of degrading to a global-hotkey fallback. Returns true
+/// when a reload was issued against a live instance.
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-fn copy_to_clipboard(text: &str) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
-    let mut clipboard = arboard::Clipboard::new()
-        .map_err(|error| platform_error(format!("failed to open Linux clipboard: {error}")))?;
-    clipboard
-        .set_text(text.to_string())
-        .map_err(|error| platform_error(format!("failed to write Linux clipboard: {error}")))
+pub fn reload_running_fcitx5() -> bool {
+    if !fcitx5_name_has_owner() {
+        return false;
+    }
+    match std::process::Command::new("fcitx5").arg("-r").status() {
+        Ok(status) if status.success() => {
+            log::info!("[fcitx] reloaded fcitx5 after addon update");
+            true
+        }
+        Ok(status) => {
+            log::warn!("[fcitx] fcitx5 -r failed with status {status}");
+            false
+        }
+        Err(error) => {
+            log::warn!("[fcitx] could not run fcitx5 -r: {error}");
+            false
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+pub fn reload_running_fcitx5() -> bool {
+    false
+}
+
+/// Whether the fcitx5 daemon itself is registered on the session bus. This is
+/// distinct from `available()` (which pings the OpenLess addon interface): the
+/// daemon may be running without having loaded our addon yet, and that is
+/// exactly the case where a reload is required.
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn fcitx5_name_has_owner() -> bool {
+    use dbus::blocking::BlockingSender;
+    let Ok(connection) = dbus::blocking::Connection::new_session() else {
+        return false;
+    };
+    let Ok(message) = dbus::Message::new_method_call(
+        "org.freedesktop.DBus",
+        "/org/freedesktop/DBus",
+        "org.freedesktop.DBus",
+        "NameHasOwner",
+    ) else {
+        return false;
+    };
+    connection
+        .send_with_reply_and_block(message.append1(DESTINATION), Duration::from_millis(1000))
+        .map(|reply| reply.read1::<bool>().unwrap_or(false))
+        .unwrap_or(false)
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+pub fn copy_to_clipboard(text: &str) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
+    use dbus::blocking::BlockingSender;
+    let connection = dbus::blocking::Connection::new_session().map_err(dbus_error)?;
+    let message =
+        dbus::Message::new_method_call(DESTINATION, OBJECT_PATH, INTERFACE, "SetClipboardText")
+            .map_err(|error| {
+                platform_error(format!("failed to build fcitx5 clipboard call: {error}"))
+            })?
+            .append1(text.to_string());
+    let reply = connection
+        .send_with_reply_and_block(message, TIMEOUT)
+        .map_err(dbus_error)?;
+    if reply.read1::<bool>().unwrap_or(false) {
+        Ok(())
+    } else {
+        Err(platform_error(
+            "fcitx5 clipboard addon is unavailable".to_string(),
+        ))
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
@@ -752,77 +725,19 @@ mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
     #[test]
-    fn appimage_plan_copies_only_from_the_versioned_resource_contract() {
+    fn plugin_plan_is_probe_only_for_system_packages() {
         let layout = LinuxResourceLayout {
-            package_kind: LinuxPackageKind::AppImage,
-            resource_root: PathBuf::from("/app/usr/lib/openless/resources"),
+            package_kind: crate::LinuxPackageKind::SystemPackage,
+            resource_root: PathBuf::from("/usr/lib/openless/resources"),
         };
         let plan = FcitxPluginInstallPlan::for_layout(&layout, Path::new("/home/test")).unwrap();
-        assert!(plan.copy_required);
         assert_eq!(
-            plan.source_library.unwrap(),
-            PathBuf::from("/app/usr/lib/openless/resources/linux-fcitx5-plugin/libopenless.so")
+            plan.target_library,
+            PathBuf::from("/home/test/.local/lib/fcitx5/libopenless.so")
         );
         assert_eq!(
             plan.target_config,
             PathBuf::from("/home/test/.local/share/fcitx5/addon/openless.conf")
         );
     }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn system_packages_never_copy_bundled_plugins_into_home() {
-        let layout = LinuxResourceLayout {
-            package_kind: LinuxPackageKind::SystemPackage,
-            resource_root: PathBuf::from("/usr/lib/openless/resources"),
-        };
-        let plan = FcitxPluginInstallPlan::for_layout(&layout, Path::new("/home/test")).unwrap();
-        assert!(!plan.copy_required);
-        assert!(plan.source_library.is_none());
-        assert!(plan.source_config.is_none());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn appimage_installer_copies_then_reports_ready() {
-        let root = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
-            "openless-fcitx-appimage-{}",
-            uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple()
-        ));
-        let resources = root.join("resources");
-        let home = root.join("home");
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(resources.join("linux-fcitx5-plugin")).unwrap();
-        std::fs::write(resources.join(FCITX_PLUGIN_LIBRARY), b"plugin").unwrap();
-        std::fs::write(resources.join(FCITX_PLUGIN_CONFIG), b"config").unwrap();
-        let plan = FcitxPluginInstallPlan::for_layout(
-            &LinuxResourceLayout {
-                package_kind: LinuxPackageKind::AppImage,
-                resource_root: resources,
-            },
-            &home,
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-
-        assert_eq!(
-            ensure_plugin_installed(&plan).unwrap(),
-            FcitxPluginStatus::Updated
-        );
-        assert_eq!(std::fs::read(&plan.target_library).unwrap(), b"plugin");
-        assert_eq!(std::fs::read(&plan.target_config).unwrap(), b"config");
-        assert_eq!(
-            ensure_plugin_installed(&plan).unwrap(),
-            FcitxPluginStatus::Ready
-        );
-
-        std::fs::write(plan.source_library.as_ref().unwrap(), b"updated plugin").unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(
-            ensure_plugin_installed(&plan).unwrap(),
-            FcitxPluginStatus::Updated
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            std::fs::read(&plan.target_library).unwrap(),
-            b"updated plugin"
-        );
-        assert_eq!(std::fs::read(&plan.target_config).unwrap(), b"config");
-
-        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(root);
-    }
 }
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/hotkeys.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/hotkeys.rs
index aa1390ef5..b6ddcf472 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/hotkeys.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/hotkeys.rs
@@ -64,6 +64,12 @@ pub enum LinuxHotkeyEvent {
     QaPressed,
     SelectionPolishPressed,
     TranslationPressed,
+    SwitchStylePressed,
+    OpenAppPressed,
+    StylePackPressed {
+        symbol: u32,
+        states: u32,
+    },
 }
 
 pub struct Fcitx5HotkeyListener {
@@ -325,6 +331,11 @@ fn event_from_signal(
         ("QaShortcutEvent", true) => Some(LinuxHotkeyEvent::QaPressed),
         ("SelectionPolishEvent", true) => Some(LinuxHotkeyEvent::SelectionPolishPressed),
         ("TranslationModifierEvent", true) => Some(LinuxHotkeyEvent::TranslationPressed),
+        ("SwitchStyleEvent", true) => Some(LinuxHotkeyEvent::SwitchStylePressed),
+        ("OpenAppEvent", true) => Some(LinuxHotkeyEvent::OpenAppPressed),
+        ("StylePackHotkeyEvent", true) => {
+            Some(LinuxHotkeyEvent::StylePackPressed { symbol, states })
+        }
         _ => None,
     }
 }
@@ -375,6 +386,21 @@ mod tests {
             event_from_signal("QaShortcutEvent", 0, 0, true, at, &press_ids),
             Some(LinuxHotkeyEvent::QaPressed)
         );
+        assert_eq!(
+            event_from_signal("SwitchStyleEvent", 11, 12, true, at, &press_ids),
+            Some(LinuxHotkeyEvent::SwitchStylePressed)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            event_from_signal("OpenAppEvent", 13, 14, true, at, &press_ids),
+            Some(LinuxHotkeyEvent::OpenAppPressed)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            event_from_signal("StylePackHotkeyEvent", 15, 16, true, at, &press_ids),
+            Some(LinuxHotkeyEvent::StylePackPressed {
+                symbol: 15,
+                states: 16,
+            })
+        );
         let less_pressed = event_from_signal("LessComputerKeyEvent", 3, 4, true, at, &press_ids)
             .expect("Less Computer press");
         let LinuxHotkeyEvent::LessComputerPressed {
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/i18n.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/i18n.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cb9727406
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/i18n.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,1370 @@
+//! Rust-native UI localization for the Linux egui host.
+//!
+//! This layer deliberately mirrors the Tauri UI's language choices
+//! (`system`, `zh-CN`, `zh-TW`, `en`, `ja`, `ko`) so both UIs offer the same
+//! set. The source of truth / fallback is `zh-CN`, exactly like the Tauri
+//! `i18n/index.ts`; all five concrete locales are bundled statically so there
+//! is no network fetch and no runtime loading.
+//!
+//! UI text is looked up through a typed catalog rather than string-typed
+//! `format!` splices so the completeness/fallback contracts are enforceable
+//! and a locale switch re-renders deterministically.
+
+use std::fmt::Display;
+
+/// The five concrete languages the Linux egui UI supports.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug, Hash)]
+pub enum Lang {
+    ZhCn,
+    ZhTw,
+    En,
+    Ja,
+    Ko,
+}
+
+/// The persisted UI-locale preference. `System` means "follow the host OS
+/// locale"; `Lang(lang)` is an explicit user choice, matching the Tauri
+/// `setLocalePreference` model where only an explicit tag is stored.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
+pub enum LocalePref {
+    System,
+    Lang(Lang),
+}
+
+pub const LANGS: [Lang; 5] = [Lang::ZhCn, Lang::ZhTw, Lang::En, Lang::Ja, Lang::Ko];
+
+/// JSON/wire tags, matching the Tauri `SUPPORTED_LOCALES`.
+pub const FOLLOW_SYSTEM: &str = "system";
+
+impl Lang {
+    /// Canonical BCP-47-ish tag for a concrete language.
+    pub fn tag(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Lang::ZhCn => "zh-CN",
+            Lang::ZhTw => "zh-TW",
+            Lang::En => "en",
+            Lang::Ja => "ja",
+            Lang::Ko => "ko",
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Parse a BCP-47 tag / locale identifier into a supported language.
+    /// Handles region and script suffixes (`zh-Hant-TW`, `zh_TW`, `ja_JP`…).
+    pub fn parse(tag: &str) -> Option<Lang> {
+        let normalized = tag.replace('-', "_").to_ascii_lowercase();
+        if normalized.starts_with("zh") {
+            // Traditional markers win regardless of where they appear.
+            if normalized.contains("hant")
+                || normalized.contains("_tw")
+                || normalized.contains("_hk")
+                || normalized.contains("_mo")
+            {
+                return Some(Lang::ZhTw);
+            }
+            return Some(Lang::ZhCn);
+        }
+        if normalized.starts_with("ja") {
+            return Some(Lang::Ja);
+        }
+        if normalized.starts_with("ko") {
+            return Some(Lang::Ko);
+        }
+        if normalized.starts_with("en") {
+            return Some(Lang::En);
+        }
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+impl LocalePref {
+    pub fn from_tag(tag: &str) -> LocalePref {
+        if tag.eq_ignore_ascii_case(FOLLOW_SYSTEM) {
+            LocalePref::System
+        } else if let Some(lang) = Lang::parse(tag) {
+            LocalePref::Lang(lang)
+        } else {
+            LocalePref::System
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_tag(self) -> String {
+        match self {
+            LocalePref::System => FOLLOW_SYSTEM.to_string(),
+            LocalePref::Lang(lang) => lang.tag().to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Resolve this preference against the running host into a concrete lang.
+    /// `System` falls through to `resolve_system_lang()`, mirroring Tauri's
+    /// `detectSystemLocale()`.
+    pub fn resolve(self) -> Lang {
+        match self {
+            LocalePref::System => resolve_system_lang(),
+            LocalePref::Lang(lang) => lang,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Resolve the host OS locale into a supported language without touching any
+/// UI. Uses the same precedence as typical Linux tooling: `LC_ALL`, then
+/// `LC_MESSAGES`, then `LANG`; an unparseable or unset value falls back to `en`
+/// rather than guessing.
+pub fn resolve_system_lang() -> Lang {
+    for variable in ["LC_ALL", "LC_MESSAGES", "LANG"] {
+        if let Ok(value) = std::env::var(variable) {
+            if let Some(lang) = Lang::parse(&value) {
+                return lang;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Lang::En
+}
+
+/// One catalog row: a stable key plus the text in all five concrete locales.
+/// Index `0` is the `zh-CN` source of truth.
+pub struct Msg {
+    pub key: &'static str,
+    pub text: [&'static str; 5],
+}
+
+/// Order helper so callers can write rows positionally and stay readable.
+/// `[zh, zh_tw, en, ja, ko]` is the single canonical order used everywhere.
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+const fn row(
+    zh: &'static str,
+    zh_tw: &'static str,
+    en: &'static str,
+    ja: &'static str,
+    ko: &'static str,
+) -> [&'static str; 5] {
+    [zh, zh_tw, en, ja, ko]
+}
+
+// Global catalog of every UI string the Linux egui host renders.
+//
+// Convention:
+//   * `zh` (zh-CN) is the source of truth and is never empty.
+//   * A `[&str;5]` value that is empty for a non-zh locale means "fall back to
+//     zh-CN for this key" (`tr` handles that); the completeness test asserts
+//     that the zh-CN column is fully populated and that every key actually
+//     referenced resolves.
+pub const CATALOG: &[Msg] = &[
+    // ---- Shell / navigation ------------------------------------------------
+    Msg {
+        key: "shell.workspace",
+        text: row(
+            "工作台",
+            "工作臺",
+            "Workspace",
+            "ワークスペース",
+            "작업 공간",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "shell.capabilities",
+        text: row("能力", "能力", "Capabilities", "機能", "기능"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "nav.overview",
+        text: row("概览", "概覽", "Overview", "概要", "개요"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "nav.history",
+        text: row("历史", "歷史", "History", "履歴", "기록"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "nav.vocab",
+        text: row(
+            "词汇与纠错",
+            "詞彙與糾錯",
+            "Vocabulary & Correction",
+            "語彙と修正",
+            "어휘 및 교정",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "nav.styles",
+        text: row(
+            "风格包",
+            "風格包",
+            "Style Packs",
+            "スタイルパック",
+            "스타일 팩",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "nav.marketplace",
+        text: row(
+            "Marketplace",
+            "Marketplace",
+            "Marketplace",
+            "マーケットプレイス",
+            "마켓플레이스",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "nav.providers",
+        text: row(
+            "Provider 与设置",
+            "Provider 與設定",
+            "Providers & Settings",
+            "プロバイダーと設定",
+            "프로바이더 및 설정",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "nav.models",
+        text: row(
+            "本地模型",
+            "本機模型",
+            "Local Models",
+            "ローカルモデル",
+            "로컬 모델",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "nav.assistant",
+        text: row(
+            "Less Computer",
+            "Less Computer",
+            "Less Computer",
+            "Less Computer",
+            "Less Computer",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "nav.settings",
+        text: row("设置", "設定", "Settings", "設定", "설정"),
+    },
+    // ---- Common controls ----------------------------------------------------
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.refresh",
+        text: row("刷新", "重新整理", "Refresh", "更新", "새로고침"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.retry",
+        text: row("重试", "重試", "Retry", "再試行", "다시 시도"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.start",
+        text: row("开始", "開始", "Start", "開始", "시작"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.stop",
+        text: row("停止", "停止", "Stop", "停止", "중지"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.cancel",
+        text: row("取消", "取消", "Cancel", "キャンセル", "취소"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.close",
+        text: row("关闭", "關閉", "Close", "閉じる", "닫기"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.send",
+        text: row("发送", "傳送", "Send", "送信", "보내기"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.insert",
+        text: row("插入", "插入", "Insert", "挿入", "삽입"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.confirm_replace",
+        text: row(
+            "确认替换",
+            "確認替換",
+            "Confirm replace",
+            "置換を確定",
+            "바꾸기 확인",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.undo",
+        text: row("撤销", "復原", "Undo", "元に戻す", "실행 취소"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.run",
+        text: row("运行", "執行", "Run", "実行", "실행"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.allow",
+        text: row("允许", "允許", "Allow", "許可", "허용"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.deny",
+        text: row("拒绝", "拒絕", "Deny", "拒否", "거부"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.end_recording",
+        text: row(
+            "结束录音",
+            "結束錄音",
+            "Stop recording",
+            "録音終了",
+            "녹음 종료",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.stop_recording",
+        text: row(
+            "停止录音",
+            "停止錄音",
+            "Stop recording",
+            "録音停止",
+            "녹음 중지",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "btn.voice_ask",
+        text: row(
+            "语音提问",
+            "語音提問",
+            "Voice ask",
+            "音声で質問",
+            "음성 질문",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "heading.dictation",
+        text: row("听写", "聽寫", "Dictation", "ディクテーション", "받아쓰기"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "heading.qa",
+        text: row("问答", "問答", "Q&A", "Q&A", "Q&A"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "heading.overview",
+        text: row("概览", "概覽", "Overview", "概要", "개요"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "heading.selection_preview",
+        text: row(
+            "选区预览",
+            "選區預覽",
+            "Selection preview",
+            "選択範囲プレビュー",
+            "선택 영역 미리보기",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "heading.insert_preview",
+        text: row(
+            "插入预览",
+            "插入預覽",
+            "Insert preview",
+            "挿入プレビュー",
+            "삽입 미리보기",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "heading.qa_preview",
+        text: row(
+            "划词追问",
+            "劃詞追問",
+            "Ask on selection",
+            "選択範囲で質問",
+            "선택어 질문",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "heading.recent",
+        text: row("最近识别", "最近辨識", "Recent", "最近の認識", "최근 기록"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "heading.local_models",
+        text: row(
+            "本地模型",
+            "本機模型",
+            "Local Models",
+            "ローカルモデル",
+            "로컬 모델",
+        ),
+    },
+    // ---- Dictation / empty states ------------------------------------------
+    Msg {
+        key: "dictation.recording",
+        text: row("正在录音", "正在錄音", "Recording…", "録音中…", "녹음 중…"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "dictation.no_transcript",
+        text: row(
+            "尚无转写结果",
+            "尚無轉寫結果",
+            "No transcription yet",
+            "まだ文字起こしはありません",
+            "아직 받아쓰기 결과가 없습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "less_computer.done",
+        text: row(
+            "Less Computer 已完成",
+            "Less Computer 已完成",
+            "Less Computer finished",
+            "Less Computer が完了しました",
+            "Less Computer 완료",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "less_computer.cancelled",
+        text: row(
+            "Less Computer 已取消",
+            "Less Computer 已取消",
+            "Less Computer cancelled",
+            "Less Computer をキャンセルしました",
+            "Less Computer 취소됨",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "less_computer.no_output",
+        text: row(
+            "尚无 Agent 输出",
+            "尚無 Agent 輸出",
+            "No agent output yet",
+            "まだエージェントの出力はありません",
+            "아직 에이전트 출력이 없습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "approval.submitted",
+        text: row(
+            "审批已提交",
+            "審批已提交",
+            "Approval submitted",
+            "承認を送信しました",
+            "승인이 제출되었습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "approval.request_run",
+        text: row(
+            "请求执行：{}",
+            "請求執行：{}",
+            "Requested execution: {}",
+            "実行リクエスト: {}",
+            "실행 요청: {}",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "selection.replace_completed",
+        text: row(
+            "最近一次选区替换已完成",
+            "最近一次選區替換已完成",
+            "Last selection replace completed",
+            "最後の選択範囲置換が完了しました",
+            "마지막 선택 영역 바꾸기가 완료되었습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "qa.submitted",
+        text: row(
+            "问答已提交",
+            "問答已提交",
+            "Question submitted",
+            "質問を送信しました",
+            "질문이 제출되었습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "qa.closed",
+        text: row(
+            "问答已关闭",
+            "問答已關閉",
+            "Q&A closed",
+            "Q&A を閉じました",
+            "Q&A가 닫혔습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "qa.recording_updated",
+        text: row(
+            "问答录音状态已更新",
+            "問答錄音狀態已更新",
+            "Q&A recording updated",
+            "Q&A の録音状態を更新しました",
+            "Q&A 녹음 상태가 업데이트되었습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "selection.replaced",
+        text: row(
+            "选区替换已确认",
+            "選區替換已確認",
+            "Selection replace confirmed",
+            "選択範囲の置換を確認しました",
+            "선택 영역 바꾸기가 확인되었습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "selection.cancelled",
+        text: row(
+            "选区替换已取消",
+            "選區替換已取消",
+            "Selection replace cancelled",
+            "選択範囲の置換をキャンセルしました",
+            "선택 영역 바꾸기가 취소되었습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "selection.reverted",
+        text: row(
+            "选区替换已撤销",
+            "選區替換已復原",
+            "Selection replace reverted",
+            "選択範囲の置換を元に戻しました",
+            "선택 영역 바꾸기가 취소되었습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "voice.cancelled",
+        text: row(
+            "语音会话已取消",
+            "語音工作階段已取消",
+            "Voice session cancelled",
+            "音声セッションをキャンセルしました",
+            "음성 세션이 취소되었습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    // ---- Overview metrics ---------------------------------------------------
+    Msg {
+        key: "metric.chars_today",
+        text: row(
+            "今日字数",
+            "今日字數",
+            "Chars today",
+            "今日の文字数",
+            "오늘 문자 수",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "metric.duration_today",
+        text: row(
+            "今日时长",
+            "今日時長",
+            "Time today",
+            "今日の時間",
+            "오늘 시간",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "metric.avg_latency",
+        text: row(
+            "平均延迟",
+            "平均延遲",
+            "Avg latency",
+            "平均遅延",
+            "평균 지연",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "metric.total",
+        text: row(
+            "累计记录",
+            "累計記錄",
+            "Total records",
+            "累計記録",
+            "누적 기록",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "metric.no_data_today",
+        text: row(
+            "今日暂无",
+            "今日暫無",
+            "None today",
+            "今日はありません",
+            "오늘 없음",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "metric.near7",
+        text: row(
+            "近7天 {} 段 · 近30天 {} 段",
+            "近7天 {} 段 · 近30天 {} 段",
+            "{} in 7d · {} in 30d",
+            "直近7日 {} 件 · 30日 {} 件",
+            "7일 {}건 · 30일 {}건",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "metric.total_segments",
+        text: row(
+            "共 {} 段",
+            "共 {} 段",
+            "{} segments",
+            "合計 {} 件",
+            "총 {}건",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "loading.overview",
+        text: row(
+            "正在加载概览数据…",
+            "正在載入概覽資料…",
+            "Loading overview…",
+            "概要を読み込み中…",
+            "개요를 불러오는 중…",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.load_failed",
+        text: row(
+            "概览加载失败",
+            "概覽載入失敗",
+            "Failed to load overview",
+            "概要の読み込みに失敗しました",
+            "개요를 불러오지 못했습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.provider_cards",
+        text: row(
+            "ASR 语音识别",
+            "ASR 語音辨識",
+            "ASR speech",
+            "ASR 音声認識",
+            "ASR 음성 인식",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.provider_cards_llm",
+        text: row(
+            "LLM 大模型",
+            "LLM 大模型",
+            "LLM model",
+            "LLM モデル",
+            "LLM 모델",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.not_set",
+        text: row(
+            "(未设置)",
+            "(未設定)",
+            "(not set)",
+            "(未設定)",
+            "(설정 안 됨)",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.configured",
+        text: row("已配置", "已設定", "Configured", "設定済み", "설정됨"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.configured_dot",
+        text: row(
+            "● 已配置",
+            "● 已設定",
+            "● Configured",
+            "● 設定済み",
+            "● 설정됨",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.unconfigured",
+        text: row("未配置", "未設定", "Not configured", "未設定", "미설정"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.recent_empty",
+        text: row(
+            "暂无识别记录，点击上方「开始」说第一句吧。",
+            "暫無辨識紀錄，點按上方「開始」說第一句吧。",
+            "No recent dictation yet — hit Start above to begin.",
+            "まだ認識記録はありません。上の「開始」を押してください。",
+            "아직 받아쓰기 기록이 없습니다. 위의 시작을 눌러주세요.",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.no_text",
+        text: row(
+            "(无文本)",
+            "(無文字)",
+            "(no text)",
+            "(テキストなし)",
+            "(텍스트 없음)",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.heatmap_title",
+        text: row(
+            "近一年每日活动次数",
+            "近一年每日活動次數",
+            "Daily activity · past year",
+            "過去1年の日別活動回数",
+            "지난 1년 일별 활동 횟수",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.heatmap_empty",
+        text: row(
+            "暂无活动数据",
+            "暫無活動資料",
+            "No activity data yet",
+            "まだ活動データはありません",
+            "아직 활동 데이터가 없습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.heatmap_less",
+        text: row("少", "少", "Less", "少", "적음"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.heatmap_more",
+        text: row("多", "多", "More", "多", "많음"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "overview.heatmap_footnote",
+        text: row(
+            "（近 {} 天 · {} 天有记录）",
+            "（近 {} 天 · {} 天有記錄）",
+            "({} days · {} active)",
+            "（{} 日間・{} 日記録あり）",
+            "({}일 · {}일 기록)",
+        ),
+    },
+    // ---- Durations ---------------------------------------------------------
+    Msg {
+        key: "dur.ms",
+        text: row("{} 毫秒", "{} 毫秒", "{} ms", "{} ミリ秒", "{} 밀리초"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "dur.sec",
+        text: row("{} 秒", "{} 秒", "{} s", "{} 秒", "{} 초"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "dur.min_sec",
+        text: row(
+            "{} 分 {} 秒",
+            "{} 分 {} 秒",
+            "{}m {}s",
+            "{} 分 {} 秒",
+            "{}분 {}초",
+        ),
+    },
+    // ---- Language selector --------------------------------------------------
+    Msg {
+        key: "settings.language",
+        text: row("界面语言", "介面語言", "UI language", "UI 言語", "UI 언어"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "settings.language_follow_system",
+        text: row(
+            "跟随系统",
+            "跟隨系統",
+            "Follow system",
+            "システムに従う",
+            "시스템 따르기",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "lang.zh-CN",
+        text: row(
+            "简体中文",
+            "简体中文",
+            "Simplified Chinese",
+            "簡体中国語",
+            "중국어(간체)",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "lang.zh-TW",
+        text: row(
+            "繁体中文",
+            "繁體中文",
+            "Traditional Chinese",
+            "繁体中国語",
+            "중국어(번체)",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "lang.en",
+        text: row("English", "English", "English", "英語", "영어"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "lang.ja",
+        text: row("日本語", "日本語", "Japanese", "日本語", "일본어"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "lang.ko",
+        text: row("한국어", "한국어", "Korean", "韓国語", "한국어"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "settings.locale_saved",
+        text: row(
+            "界面语言已更新",
+            "介面語言已更新",
+            "UI language updated",
+            "UI 言語を更新しました",
+            "UI 언어가 업데이트되었습니다",
+        ),
+    },
+    // ---- Appearance (settings) ---------------------------------------------
+    Msg {
+        key: "settings.theme",
+        text: row("主题", "佈景主題", "Theme", "テーマ", "테마"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "theme.light",
+        text: row("浅色", "淺色", "Light", "ライト", "라이트"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "theme.dark",
+        text: row("深色", "深色", "Dark", "ダーク", "다크"),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "theme.system",
+        text: row(
+            "系统默认",
+            "系統預設",
+            "System default",
+            "システム既定",
+            "시스템 기본",
+        ),
+    },
+    // ---- Status / host ------------------------------------------------------
+    Msg {
+        key: "status.core_started",
+        text: row(
+            "Core 2.0 已启动",
+            "Core 2.0 已啟動",
+            "Core 2.0 ready",
+            "Core 2.0 起動済み",
+            "Core 2.0 시작됨",
+        ),
+    },
+    Msg {
+        key: "status.startup_failed",
+        text: row(
+            "启动失败",
+            "啟動失敗",
+            "Startup failed",
+            "起動に失敗しました",
+            "시작 실패",
+        ),
+    },
+    // ---- Buttons (models / providers / vocab / styles / marketplace / history)
+    Msg { key: "btn.create", text: row("创建", "建立", "Create", "作成", "생성") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.delete", text: row("删除", "刪除", "Delete", "削除", "삭제") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.confirm_delete", text: row("确认删除", "確認刪除", "Confirm delete", "削除を確認", "삭제 확인") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.cancel_delete", text: row("取消删除", "取消刪除", "Cancel", "キャンセル", "삭제 취소") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.enable", text: row("启用", "啟用", "Enable", "有効化", "사용") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.disable", text: row("禁用", "停用", "Disable", "無効化", "사용 안 함") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.move_up", text: row("上移", "上移", "Move up", "上へ移動", "위로 이동") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.move_down", text: row("下移", "下移", "Move down", "下へ移動", "아래로 이동") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.check_now", text: row("立即检查", "立即檢查", "Check now", "今すぐ確認", "지금 확인") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.download_install", text: row("下载并安装", "下載並安裝", "Download & install", "ダウンロードしてインストール", "다운로드 및 설치") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.open_releases", text: row("打开发布页", "開啟發布頁", "Open releases page", "リリースページを開く", "릴리스 페이지 열기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.accept", text: row("接受", "接受", "Accept", "承諾", "수락") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.ignore", text: row("忽略", "忽略", "Ignore", "無視", "무시") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.close_all", text: row("全部关闭", "全部關閉", "Dismiss all", "すべて閉じる", "모두 닫기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.apply", text: row("应用", "套用", "Apply", "適用", "적용") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.hide_builtin", text: row("隐藏内置预设", "隱藏內建預設", "Hide built-in preset", "組み込みプリセットを非表示", "내장 프리셋 숨기기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.restore_builtin", text: row("恢复内置预设：{}", "還原內建預設：{}", "Restore built-in preset: {}", "組み込みプリセットを復元: {}", "내장 프리셋 복원: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.save_preset", text: row("保存预设", "儲存預設", "Save preset", "プリセットを保存", "프리셋 저장") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.add", text: row("添加", "新增", "Add", "追加", "추가") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.add_rule", text: row("添加规则", "新增規則", "Add rule", "ルールを追加", "규칙 추가") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.save_style", text: row("保存风格包", "儲存風格包", "Save style pack", "スタイルパックを保存", "스타일 팩 저장") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.cancel_edit", text: row("取消编辑", "取消編輯", "Cancel editing", "編集をキャンセル", "편집 취소") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.new_style", text: row("新建风格包", "新增風格包", "New style pack", "新規スタイルパック", "새 스타일 팩") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.import_zip", text: row("导入 ZIP", "匯入 ZIP", "Import ZIP", "ZIP をインポート", "ZIP 가져오기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.export_zip", text: row("导出 ZIP", "匯出 ZIP", "Export ZIP", "ZIP をエクスポート", "ZIP 내보내기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.preview_runtime", text: row("运行时 Prompt 预览", "執行期 Prompt 預覽", "Runtime prompt preview", "実行時プロンプトプレビュー", "실행 프롬프트 미리보기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.edit", text: row("编辑", "編輯", "Edit", "編集", "편집") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.reset_builtin", text: row("恢复内置默认", "還原內建預設", "Restore built-in default", "組み込みデフォルトに戻す", "내장 기본값 복원") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.set_active", text: row("设为 active", "設為 active", "Set active", "アクティブに設定", "활성 설정") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.save_fields", text: row("保存字段/Secret", "儲存欄位/Secret", "Save fields/Secret", "欄位/Secret を保存", "필드/Secret 저장") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.clear_secret", text: row("清除 Secret", "清除 Secret", "Clear Secret", "Secret を消去", "Secret 지우기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.validate", text: row("验证连接", "驗證連線", "Validate connection", "接続を検証", "연결 검증") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.list_models", text: row("列出模型", "列出模型", "List models", "モデルを一覧表示", "모델 나열") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.search_refresh", text: row("搜索/刷新", "搜尋/重新整理", "Search & refresh", "検索/更新", "검색/새로고침") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.github_login", text: row("GitHub 登录", "GitHub 登入", "GitHub sign in", "GitHub にログイン", "GitHub 로그인") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.logout", text: row("退出登录", "登出", "Sign out", "サインアウト", "로그아웃") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.my_publish_like", text: row("我的发布/喜欢", "我的發布/喜歡", "My uploads / likes", "マイ投稿・お気に入り", "내 업로드/좋아요") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.open_github", text: row("打开 GitHub", "開啟 GitHub", "Open GitHub", "GitHub を開く", "GitHub 열기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.check_auth", text: row("检查授权", "檢查授權", "Check authorization", "認証を確認", "인증 확인") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.install", text: row("安装", "安裝", "Install", "インストール", "설치") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.toggle_like", text: row("喜欢/取消喜欢", "喜歡/取消喜歡", "Like / unlike", "いいね/いいね解除", "좋아요/좋아요 취소") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.detail", text: row("详情", "詳情", "Details", "詳細", "상세") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.download_zip", text: row("下载 ZIP", "下載 ZIP", "Download ZIP", "ZIP をダウンロード", "ZIP 다운로드") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.upload_update", text: row("上传/更新", "上傳/更新", "Upload / update", "アップロード/更新", "업로드/업데이트") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.delete_publish", text: row("删除发布", "刪除發布", "Delete release", "リリースを削除", "배포 삭제") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.clear_all", text: row("清空全部", "清空全部", "Clear all", "すべてクリア", "전체 지우기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.copy", text: row("复制", "複製", "Copy", "コピー", "복사") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.repolish", text: row("重新润色", "重新潤飾", "Repolish", "再推敲", "다시 다듬기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.play_recording", text: row("播放录音", "播放錄音", "Play recording", "録音を再生", "녹음 재생") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.export_recording", text: row("导出录音", "匯出錄音", "Export recording", "録音をエクスポート", "녹음 내보내기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.retranscribe", text: row("重新转写", "重新轉寫", "Retranscribe", "再文字起こし", "다시 받아쓰기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.preload_current", text: row("预加载当前模型", "預載目前模型", "Preload active model", "現在のモデルをプリロード", "현재 모델 미리 로드") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.release_model", text: row("释放模型", "釋放模型", "Release model", "モデルを解放", "모델 해제") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.cancel_prepare", text: row("取消准备", "取消準備", "Cancel preparation", "準備をキャンセル", "준비 취소") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.download", text: row("下载", "下載", "Download", "ダウンロード", "다운로드") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.cancel_download", text: row("取消下载", "取消下載", "Cancel download", "ダウンロードをキャンセル", "다운로드 취소") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.verify_prepare", text: row("验证/准备", "驗證/準備", "Verify / prepare", "検証/準備", "검증/준비") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.test", text: row("测试", "測試", "Test", "テスト", "테스트") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.export_error_log", text: row("导出错误日志", "匯出錯誤日誌", "Export error log", "エラーログをエクスポート", "오류 로그 내보내기") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.save_settings", text: row("保存设置", "儲存設定", "Save settings", "設定を保存", "설정 저장") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.reset_pairing", text: row("重置配对码", "重置配對碼", "Reset pairing code", "ペアリングコードをリセット", "페어링 코드 재설정") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.activate", text: row("激活", "啟用", "Activate", "アクティブ化", "활성화") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.new_channel", text: row("新增渠道", "新增管道", "Add channel", "チャネルを追加", "채널 추가") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.refresh_channel", text: row("刷新渠道", "重新整理管道", "Refresh channels", "チャネルを更新", "채널 새로고침") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.restore_default", text: row("恢复内置默认", "還原內建預設", "Restore built-in default", "組み込みデフォルトに戻す", "내장 기본값 복원") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.set_current", text: row("设为当前", "設為目前", "Set current", "現在に設定", "현재로 설정") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.enable_label", text: row("启用", "啟用", "Enable", "有効化", "사용") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.status_active", text: row(" · active", " · active", " · active", " · active", " · 활성") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.status_disabled", text: row(" · 已禁用", " · 已停用", " · disabled", " · 無効", " · 비활성화됨") },
+    // ---- Page / section headings
+    Msg { key: "head.software_update", text: row("软件更新", "軟體更新", "Software update", "ソフトウェア更新", "소프트웨어 업데이트") },
+    Msg { key: "head.pending_corrections", text: row("待确认的手改建议", "待確認的手動修改建議", "Pending manual corrections", "保留中の手動修正候補", "대기 중인 수동 교정 제안") },
+    Msg { key: "head.vocab_presets", text: row("词汇预设", "詞彙預設", "Vocabulary presets", "語彙プリセット", "어휘 프리셋") },
+    Msg { key: "head.custom_vocab", text: row("自定义词汇", "自訂詞彙", "Custom vocabulary", "カスタム語彙", "사용자 어휘") },
+    Msg { key: "head.correction_rules", text: row("纠错规则", "糾錯規則", "Correction rules", "修正ルール", "교정 규칙") },
+    Msg { key: "head.style_pack_editor", text: row("风格包编辑器", "風格包編輯器", "Style pack editor", "スタイルパック編集", "스타일 팩 편집기") },
+    Msg { key: "head.marketplace_mine", text: row("我的 Marketplace", "我的 Marketplace", "My Marketplace", "マイマーケットプレイス", "내 마켓플레이스") },
+    Msg { key: "head.publish_local", text: row("发布本地风格包", "發佈本機風格包", "Publish a local style pack", "ローカルスタイルパックを公開", "로컬 스타일 팩 배포") },
+    Msg { key: "head.marketplace_detail", text: row("详情：{}", "詳情：{}", "Details: {}", "詳細: {}", "상세: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "head.history_empty", text: row("历史", "歷史", "History", "履歴", "기록") },
+    // ---- Update UI
+    Msg { key: "update.available", text: row("可用版本：{}", "可用版本：{}", "Available version: {}", "利用可能なバージョン: {}", "사용 가능한 버전: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "update.downloaded", text: row("已下载 {} 字节", "已下載 {} 位元組", "{} bytes downloaded", "{} バイトをダウンロード", "{}바이트 다운로드됨") },
+    Msg { key: "update.manual_notice", text: row("deb/rpm 与开发构建由包管理器或发布页更新。", "deb/rpm 與開發建置由套件管理員或發布頁更新。", "deb/rpm and dev builds update via your package manager or the releases page.", "deb/rpm と開発ビルドはパッケージマネージャまたはリリースページで更新されます。", "deb/rpm 및 개발 빌드는 패키지 관리자 또는 릴리스 페이지로 업데이트됩니다.") },
+    Msg { key: "update.system_managed", text: row("当前安装包由系统包管理器更新", "目前套件由系統套件管理員更新", "This build is updated by your system package manager", "このパッケージはシステムのパッケージマネージャで更新されます", "이 패키지는 시스템 패키지 관리자가 업데이트합니다") },
+    Msg { key: "update.discovered", text: row("发现新版本 {}", "發現新版本 {}", "New version available: {}", "新しいバージョン: {}", "새 버전 발견: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "update.up_to_date", text: row("当前已是最新版本", "目前已是最新版本", "You are up to date", "最新バージョン입니다", "최신 버전입니다") },
+    Msg { key: "update.check_failed", text: row("检查更新失败：{}", "檢查更新失敗：{}", "Update check failed: {}", "更新確認に失敗: {}", "업데이트 확인 실패: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "update.installed_restart", text: row("已安装 {}，请重启 OpenLess", "已安裝 {}，請重新啟動 OpenLess", "{} installed — restart OpenLess", "{} をインストールしました。OpenLess を再起動してください", "{} 설치됨 — OpenLess를 재시작하세요") },
+    Msg { key: "update.install_failed", text: row("安装更新失败：{}", "安裝更新失敗：{}", "Update install failed: {}", "更新のインストールに失敗: {}", "업데이트 설치 실패: {}") },
+    // ---- Settings / preferences
+    Msg { key: "settings.recording_input", text: row("录音与输入", "錄音與輸入", "Recording & input", "録音と入力", "녹음 및 입력") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.rec_mode", text: row("录音方式", "錄音方式", "Recording mode", "録音方式", "녹음 방식") },
+    Msg { key: "recmode.toggle", text: row("切换", "切換", "Toggle", "トグル", "전환") },
+    Msg { key: "recmode.hold", text: row("按住说话", "按住說話", "Push to talk", "押して話す", "누르고 말하기") },
+    Msg { key: "recmode.double_click", text: row("双击", "雙擊", "Double-click", "ダブルクリック", "더블 클릭") },
+    Msg { key: "recmode.auto", text: row("自动识别", "自動辨識", "Auto detect", "自動認識", "자동 인식") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.auto_stop", text: row("说完后自动停止", "說畢後自動停止", "Stop automatically after silence", "無音で自動停止", "침묵 시 자동 중지") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.silence_duration", text: row("连续静音时长", "連續靜音時長", "Silence timeout", "無音の継続時間", "침묵 지속 시간") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.seconds", text: row("{} 秒", "{} 秒", "{} s", "{} 秒", "{}초") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.microphone", text: row("麦克风", "麥克風", "Microphone", "マイク", "마이크") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.system_default", text: row("系统默认", "系統預設", "System default", "システム既定", "시스템 기본") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.mute_while", text: row("录音期间暂时静音系统声音", "錄音期間暫時靜音系統聲音", "Mute system audio while recording", "録音中はシステム音声をミュート", "녹음 중 시스템 소리 음소거") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.cue_audio", text: row("录音开始/结束播放提示音", "錄音開始/結束播放提示音", "Play cue sounds when recording starts/stops", "録音開始/終了時に合図音を再生", "녹음 시작/종료 시 알림음 재생") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.appearance", text: row("外观", "外觀", "Appearance", "外観", "모양") },
+    Msg { key: "theme.follow_system", text: row("跟随系统", "跟隨系統", "Follow system", "システムに従う", "시스템 따르기") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.show_heatmap", text: row("显示活动热力图", "顯示活動熱力圖", "Show activity heatmap", "活動ヒートマップを表示", "활동 히트맵 표시") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.hotkeys_group", text: row("fcitx5 快捷键", "fcitx5 快速鍵", "fcitx5 shortcuts", "fcitx5 ショートカット", "fcitx5 단축키") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.streaming_insert", text: row("流式插入", "串流插入", "Streaming insert", "ストリーミング挿入", "스트리밍 삽입") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.enable_coding_agent", text: row("启用 Less Computer", "啟用 Less Computer", "Enable Less Computer", "Less Computer を有効化", "Less Computer 사용") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.start_minimized", text: row("启动时隐藏主窗口", "啟動時隱藏主視窗", "Hide main window on launch", "起動時にメインウィンドウを非表示", "시작 시 메인 창 숨기기") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.launch_at_login", text: row("开机启动", "開機啟動", "Launch at login", "ログイン時に起動", "로그인 시 실행") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.auto_update", text: row("自动检查更新", "自動檢查更新", "Automatically check for updates", "自動更新確認", "자동 업데이트 확인") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.update_channel", text: row("更新渠道", "更新管道", "Update channel", "更新チャネル", "업데이트 채널") },
+    Msg { key: "channel.stable", text: row("稳定版", "穩定版", "Stable", "安定版", "안정판") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.enable_remote", text: row("启用远程输入", "啟用遠端輸入", "Enable remote input", "リモート入力を有効化", "원격 입력 사용") },
+    Msg { key: "settings.port", text: row("端口 ", "連接埠 ", "Port ", "ポート ", "포트 ") },
+    // ---- Hotkey control labels
+    Msg { key: "hotkey.dictation", text: row("听写", "聽寫", "Dictation", "ディクテーション", "받아쓰기") },
+    Msg { key: "hotkey.translation", text: row("翻译修饰键", "翻譯修飾鍵", "Translate modifier", "翻訳修飾キー", "번역 수정자") },
+    Msg { key: "hotkey.selection_polish", text: row("选区润色", "選區潤飾", "Polish selection", "選択範囲の推敲", "선택 다듬기") },
+    Msg { key: "hotkey.switch_style", text: row("切换风格", "切換風格", "Switch style", "スタイル切替", "스타일 전환") },
+    Msg { key: "hotkey.open_app", text: row("打开应用", "開啟應用", "Open app", "アプリを開く", "앱 열기") },
+    Msg { key: "hotkey.coding_agent", text: row("Coding Agent 语音", "Coding Agent 語音", "Coding Agent voice", "Coding Agent 音声", "Coding Agent 음성") },
+    Msg { key: "hotkey.enable", text: row("启用{}", "啟用{}", "Enable {}", "{} を有効化", "{} 사용") },
+    // ---- Remote input
+    Msg { key: "remote.running", text: row("远程输入：运行中", "遠端輸入：執行中", "Remote input: running", "リモート入力: 実行中", "원격 입력: 실행 중") },
+    Msg { key: "remote.starting", text: row("远程输入：启动中", "遠端輸入：啟動中", "Remote input: starting", "リモート入力: 起動中", "원격 입력: 시작 중") },
+    Msg { key: "remote.stopped", text: row("远程输入：已停止", "遠端輸入：已停止", "Remote input: stopped", "リモート入力: 停止中", "원격 입력: 중지됨") },
+    Msg { key: "remote.lang_conns", text: row("语言：{} · 连接数：{}", "語言：{} · 連線數：{}", "Language: {} · Connections: {}", "言語: {} · 接続数: {}", "언어: {} · 연결 수: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.status_colon", text: row("状态：{}", "狀態：{}", "Status: {}", "状態: {}", "상태: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.search", text: row("搜索", "搜尋", "Search", "検索", "검색") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.name", text: row("名称", "名稱", "Name", "名前", "이름") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.version", text: row("版本", "版本", "Version", "バージョン", "버전") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.description", text: row("描述", "描述", "Description", "説明", "설명") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.base_mode", text: row("基础模式", "基礎模式", "Base mode", "基本モード", "기본 모드") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.phrase", text: row("词语", "詞語", "Phrase", "語句", "단어") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.note", text: row("备注", "備註", "Note", "メモ", "메모") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.dictation_prompt", text: row("听写 Prompt", "聽寫 Prompt", "Dictation prompt", "ディクテーションプロンプト", "받아쓰기 프롬프트") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.selection_prompt", text: row("选区 Prompt（留空则使用 Core 默认）", "選區 Prompt（留空則使用 Core 預設）", "Selection prompt (blank uses Core default)", "選択範囲プロンプト（空欄は Core 既定）", "선택 프롬프트(비우면 Core 기본값)") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.current", text: row("当前", "目前", "Current", "現在", "현재") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.primary", text: row("主键", "主鍵", "Primary key", "主キー", "주 키") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.modifiers", text: row("修饰键（+ 分隔）", "修飾鍵（+ 分隔）", "Modifiers (separate with +)", "修飾キー（+ で区切る）", "수정자(+로 구분)") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.device_code", text: row("设备码：{}", "裝置碼：{}", "Device code: {}", "デバイスコード: {}", "기기 코드: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.liked", text: row("喜欢的风格：{}", "喜歡的風格：{}", "Liked style packs: {}", "いいねしたスタイルパック: {}", "좋아요한 스타일 팩: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.like_dl", text: row("喜欢 {} · 下载 {} · {}", "喜歡 {} · 下載 {} · {}", "{} likes · {} downloads · {}", "いいね {} · DL {} · {}", "좋아요 {} · 다운로드 {} · {}") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.published", text: row("已发布：{}", "已發佈：{}", "Published: {}", "公開済み: {}", "배포됨: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.hits", text: row("命中 {}", "命中 {}", "Hits: {}", "ヒット数: {}", "적중: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.preset_count", text: row("{} 个词", "{} 個詞", "{} phrases", "{} 語句", "{}개 단어") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.preset_note", text: row("预设由 Core 合并内置版本、用户覆盖和自定义内容。", "預設由 Core 合併內建版本、使用者覆蓋與自訂內容。", "Presets merge Core built-ins, user overrides and custom entries.", "プリセットは Core の内蔵版・ユーザー上書き・カスタムを統合します。", "프리셋은 Core 내장, 사용자 덮어쓰기, 사용자 지정을 통합합니다.") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.new_custom_preset", text: row("新建自定义预设", "新增自訂預設", "New custom preset", "新規カスタムプリセット", "새 사용자 프리셋") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.new_style_default", text: row("新风格", "新風格", "New style", "新規スタイル", "새 스타일") },
+    Msg { key: "hint.preset_phrases", text: row("每行或逗号分隔一个词", "每行或逗號分隔一個詞", "One phrase per line or comma-separated", "各行に1語句、またはカンマ区切り", "한 줄에 하나 또는 쉼표로 구분") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.author_version", text: row("作者：{} · 版本 {}", "作者：{} · 版本 {}", "By {} · v{}", "作者: {} · バージョン {}", "작성자: {} · 버전 {}") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.style_note", text: row("风格包数据直接来自 Core repository；运行时 Prompt 由 Core 组合。", "風格包資料直接來自 Core repository；執行期 Prompt 由 Core 組合。", "Style packs come directly from the Core repository; Core composes runtime prompts.", "スタイルパックは Core リポジトリ由来で、実行時プロンプトは Core が組み立てます。", "스타일 팩은 Core 저장소에서 오며 Core가 실행 프롬프트를 구성합니다.") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.direct_hotkey", text: row("风格包直达快捷键", "風格包直達快速鍵", "Direct style-pack shortcut", "スタイルパック直接ショートカット", "스타일 팩 직접 단축키") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.choose_style", text: row("选择风格包", "選擇風格包", "Select a style pack", "スタイルパックを選択", "스타일 팩 선택") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.save_direct_hotkey", text: row("保存直达快捷键", "儲存直達快速鍵", "Save direct shortcut", "直接ショートカットを保存", "직접 단축키 저장") },
+    Msg { key: "btn.remove_direct_hotkey", text: row("移除直达快捷键", "移除直達快速鍵", "Remove direct shortcut", "直接ショートカットを削除", "직접 단축키 제거") },
+    Msg { key: "lbl.choose_provider", text: row("选择 Provider", "選擇 Provider", "Select a provider", "プロバイダーを選択", "프로바이더 선택") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.credentials", text: row("凭据渠道", "憑證管道", "Credential channels", "資格情報チャネル", "자격 증명 채널") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.core_note", text: row("Provider 类型、默认 Endpoint/Model 与鉴权要求均来自 Core descriptor。", "Provider 類型、預設 Endpoint/Model 與鑑權要求皆來自 Core descriptor。", "Provider type, default Endpoint/Model and auth requirements come from the Core descriptor.", "Provider 種別・既定 Endpoint/Model・認証要件は Core descriptor 由来です。", "Provider 유형, 기본 Endpoint/Model 및 인증 요구 사항은 Core descriptor에서 옵니다.") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.empty", text: row("尚无渠道；先从上方 Core Provider 列表创建一个。", "尚無管道；請先從上方 Core Provider 清單建立一個。", "No channels yet — create one from the Core provider list above.", "チャネルがありません。上の Core Provider 一覧から作成してください。", "채널이 없습니다. 위 Core Provider 목록에서 생성하세요.") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.loading_dir", text: row("正在读取 Core 渠道目录…", "正在讀取 Core 管道目錄…", "Reading the Core channel catalog…", "Core チャネル目録を読み込み中…", "Core 채널 목록을 읽는 중…") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.reading_channel", text: row("正在读取 {} 渠道 {}…", "正在讀取 {} 管道 {}…", "Reading {} channel {}…", "{} チャネル {} を読み込み中…", "{} 채널 {} 읽는 중…") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.editing", text: row("编辑渠道 {}", "編輯管道 {}", "Edit channel {}", "チャネル {} を編集", "채널 {} 편집") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.auth_probe", text: row("鉴权：{} · 探针：{}", "鑑權：{} · 探測：{}", "Auth: {} · Probe: {}", "認証: {} · プローブ: {}", "인증: {} · 프로브: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.name", text: row("名称", "名稱", "Name", "名前", "이름") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.model_list", text: row("模型列表（点击填入）：", "模型清單（點擊填入）：", "Models (click to fill):", "モデル一覧（クリックで入力）", "모델 목록(클릭하여 입력)") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.no_cloud_note", text: row("此 Provider 不使用云凭据；模型由本地模型面板管理。", "此 Provider 不使用雲端憑證；模型由本機模型面板管理。", "This provider uses no cloud credentials; models are managed in Local Models.", "この Provider はクラウド資格情報を使いません。モデルはローカルモデルで管理します。", "이 프로바이더는 클라우드 자격 증명을 사용하지 않습니다. 모델은 로컬 모델에서 관리합니다.") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.oauth_note", text: row("此 Provider 使用 OAuth；Linux egui 不读取或显示 OAuth token。", "此 Provider 使用 OAuth；Linux egui 不讀取或顯示 OAuth token。", "This provider uses OAuth; the Linux egui UI never reads or shows the OAuth token.", "この Provider は OAuth を使用します。Linux egui は OAuth トークンを読み取らず表示もしません。", "이 프로바이더는 OAuth를 사용합니다. Linux egui는 OAuth 토큰을 읽거나 표시하지 않습니다.") },
+    Msg { key: "providers.api_key_hint", text: row("API Key（留空表示不修改）", "API Key（留空表示不修改）", "API Key (blank leaves unchanged)", "API Key（空欄なら変更しない）", "API Key(비우면 변경 안 함)") },
+    Msg { key: "auth.none", text: row("无需 Secret", "無需 Secret", "No secret", "Secret 不要", "Secret 불필요") },
+    Msg { key: "auth.api_key", text: row("API Key", "API Key", "API Key", "API キー", "API 키") },
+    Msg { key: "auth.endpoint_model_optional", text: row("Endpoint + Model，API Key 可选", "Endpoint + Model，API Key 可選", "Endpoint + Model, optional API Key", "Endpoint + Model、API Key は任意", "Endpoint + Model, API Key 선택") },
+    Msg { key: "auth.api_key_unless_custom", text: row("公共 Endpoint 需要 API Key；自建 Endpoint 可无 Key", "公共 Endpoint 需要 API Key；自建 Endpoint 可無 Key", "Public endpoints need an API Key; self-hosted may omit it", "公開 Endpoint は API Key が必要。自前 Endpoint は不要", "공개 엔드포인트는 API 키 필요, 자체 엔드포인트는 불필요") },
+    Msg { key: "auth.volcengine", text: row("火山引擎凭据", "火山引擎憑證", "Volcengine credentials", "Volcengine 資格情報", "Volcengine 자격 증명") },
+    Msg { key: "auth.xfyun", text: row("讯飞 AppID + API Key", "訊飛 AppID + API Key", "iFlytek AppID + API Key", "讯飛 AppID + API Key", "iFlytek AppID + API Key") },
+    Msg { key: "auth.oauth", text: row("OAuth", "OAuth", "OAuth", "OAuth", "OAuth") },
+    // ---- Empty / info labels
+    Msg { key: "history.empty", text: row("暂无历史记录", "暫無歷史紀錄", "No history yet", "履歴はありません", "기록이 없습니다") },
+    Msg { key: "history.inserted", text: row("已插入", "已插入", "Inserted", "挿入済み", "삽입됨") },
+    Msg { key: "history.copied_fallback", text: row("已复制", "已複製", "Copied", "コピー済み", "복사됨") },
+    Msg { key: "history.paste_sent", text: row("已发送粘贴", "已傳送貼上", "Paste sent", "貼り付け送信", "붙여넣기 전송됨") },
+    Msg { key: "history.failed", text: row("失败", "失敗", "Failed", "失敗", "실패") },
+    Msg { key: "history.not_requested", text: row("未请求插入", "未請求插入", "Not requested", "挿入未要求", "삽입 요청 안 됨") },
+    Msg { key: "models.loading_dir", text: row("正在加载模型目录…", "正在載入模型目錄…", "Loading the model catalog…", "モデル目録を読み込み中…", "모델 목록을 불러오는 중…") },
+    Msg { key: "models.empty", text: row("模型目录未返回任何可用模型", "模型目錄未傳回任何可用模型", "No usable models were returned", "利用可能なモデルがありません", "사용 가능한 모델이 없습니다") },
+    Msg { key: "models.installed", text: row("已安装", "已安裝", "Installed", "インストール済み", "설치됨") },
+    Msg { key: "models.not_installed", text: row("未安装", "未安裝", "Not installed", "未インストール", "미설치") },
+    Msg { key: "marketplace.not_loaded", text: row("尚未加载 Marketplace；点击“搜索/刷新”。", "尚未載入 Marketplace；點按「搜尋/重新整理」。", "Marketplace not loaded yet — use Search & refresh.", "Marketplace は未読込です。「検索/更新」を押してください。", "마켓플레이스가 아직 로드되지 않았습니다. 검색/새로고침을 누르세요.") },
+    // ---- Status / toast messages
+    Msg { key: "status.done_chars", text: row("完成：{} 字", "完成：{} 字", "Done: {} chars", "完了：{} 文字", "완료: {} 글자") },
+    Msg { key: "status.dictation_cancelled", text: row("听写已取消", "聽寫已取消", "Dictation cancelled", "ディクテーションをキャンセル", "받아쓰기 취소됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.auto_stopped", text: row("录音已自动结束", "錄音已自動結束", "Recording auto-stopped", "録音を自動終了", "녹음 자동 종료") },
+    Msg { key: "status.less_compacted", text: row("Less Computer 已压缩上下文", "Less Computer 已壓縮上下文", "Less Computer compacted context", "Less Computer がコンテキストを圧縮", "Less Computer 컨텍스트 압축됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.less_waiting", text: row("Less Computer 等待审批", "Less Computer 等待審批", "Less Computer awaiting approval", "Less Computer が承認待ち", "Less Computer 승인 대기 중") },
+    Msg { key: "status.less_tool", text: row("Less Computer 正在使用工具：{}", "Less Computer 正在使用工具：{}", "Less Computer is using a tool: {}", "Less Computer がツールを使用中: {}", "Less Computer 도구 사용 중: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.less_running", text: row("Less Computer 正在运行", "Less Computer 正在執行", "Less Computer is running", "Less Computer 実行中", "Less Computer 실행 중") },
+    Msg { key: "status.provider_models_loaded", text: row("已读取 {} 个模型", "已讀取 {} 個模型", "Loaded {} models", "{} 個のモデルを読み込み", "모델 {}개 로드됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.marketplace_loaded", text: row("Marketplace 已加载 {} 个风格包", "Marketplace 已載入 {} 個風格包", "Marketplace loaded {} style packs", "Marketplace が {} 個のスタイルパックを読込", "마켓플레이스 스타일 팩 {}개 로드됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.device_code", text: row("GitHub 设备码：{}", "GitHub 裝置碼：{}", "GitHub device code: {}", "GitHub デバイスコード: {}", "GitHub 기기 코드: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.logged_in", text: row("Marketplace 已登录：{}", "Marketplace 已登入：{}", "Marketplace signed in as {}", "Marketplace に {} でログイン", "마켓플레이스에 {}로 로그인됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.logout_done", text: row("Marketplace 已退出登录", "Marketplace 已登出", "Marketplace signed out", "Marketplace をサインアウト", "마켓플레이스 로그아웃됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.oauth_pending", text: row("GitHub 授权仍在等待", "GitHub 授權仍在等待", "Waiting for GitHub authorization", "GitHub の認可を待機中", "GitHub 인가 대기 중") },
+    Msg { key: "status.oauth_slowdown", text: row("GitHub 要求降低检查频率", "GitHub 要求降低檢查頻率", "GitHub asks you to slow down checks", "GitHub が確認頻度を下げるよう求めています", "GitHub가 확인 빈도를 낮추라고 요청함") },
+    Msg { key: "status.detail_loaded", text: row("已加载风格详情：{}", "已載入風格詳情：{}", "Loaded style details: {}", "スタイル詳細を読込: {}", "스타일 상세 로드됨: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.my_publish_likes", text: row("我的发布 {} 个，喜欢 {} 个", "我的發布 {} 個，喜歡 {} 個", "{} of my uploads · {} liked", "マイ投稿 {} 件・いいね {} 件", "내 업로드 {}개 · 좋아요 {}개") },
+    Msg { key: "status.settings_saved", text: row("设置已保存", "設定已儲存", "Settings saved", "設定を保存しました", "설정 저장됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.remote_updated", text: row("远程输入状态已更新", "遠端輸入狀態已更新", "Remote input updated", "リモート入力を更新しました", "원격 입력 업데이트됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.preloaded", text: row("当前模型已预加载", "目前模型已預載", "Active model preloaded", "現在のモデルをプリロードしました", "현재 모델 미리 로드됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.model_released", text: row("模型已释放", "模型已釋放", "Model released", "モデルを解放しました", "모델 해제됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.cancel_prepare_ok", text: row("已请求取消模型准备", "已請求取消模型準備", "Cancellation requested", "準備のキャンセルを要求しました", "준비 취소 요청됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.activated", text: row("本地模型已激活并预加载", "本機模型已啟用並預載", "Local model activated and preloaded", "ローカルモデルをアクティブ化してプリロードしました", "로컬 모델 활성화 및 미리 로드됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.download_done", text: row("模型下载完成", "模型下載完成", "Model download finished", "モデルのダウンロードが完了", "모델 다운로드 완료") },
+    Msg { key: "status.download_cancel_requested", text: row("已请求取消模型下载", "已請求取消模型下載", "Download cancellation requested", "ダウンロードのキャンセルを要求しました", "다운로드 취소 요청됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.download_cancelled", text: row("模型下载已取消", "模型下載已取消", "Model download cancelled", "モデルのダウンロードをキャンセル", "모델 다운로드 취소됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.prepare_done", text: row("模型验证完成：{}", "模型驗證完成：{}", "Model verification done: {}", "モデル検証が完了: {}", "모델 검증 완료: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.test_done", text: row("模型测试完成：{}（{} ms）", "模型測試完成：{}（{} ms）", "Model test done: {} ({} ms)", "モデルテスト完了: {}（{} ms）", "모델 테스트 완료: {}({}ms)") },
+    Msg { key: "status.model_deleted", text: row("模型已删除", "模型已刪除", "Model deleted", "モデルを削除しました", "모델 삭제됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.channel_created", text: row("渠道已创建", "管道已建立", "Channel created", "チャネルを作成しました", "채널 생성됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.channel_active", text: row("active 渠道已更新", "active 管道已更新", "Active channel updated", "アクティブチャネルを更新しました", "활성 채널 업데이트됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.channel_enabled", text: row("渠道启用状态已更新", "管道啟用狀態已更新", "Channel enabled state updated", "チャネルの有効状態を更新しました", "채널 사용 상태 업데이트됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.channel_reordered", text: row("渠道顺序已更新", "管道順序已更新", "Channel order updated", "チャネルの順序を更新しました", "채널 순서 업데이트됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.channel_deleted", text: row("渠道已删除", "管道已刪除", "Channel deleted", "チャネルを削除しました", "채널 삭제됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.provider_type_updated", text: row("Provider 类型已更新", "Provider 類型已更新", "Provider type updated", "Provider 種別を更新しました", "Provider 유형 업데이트됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.channel_saved", text: row("渠道配置已保存", "管道設定已儲存", "Channel configuration saved", "チャネル設定を保存しました", "채널 설정 저장됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.secret_cleared", text: row("渠道 Secret 已清除", "管道 Secret 已清除", "Channel Secret cleared", "チャネルの Secret を消去しました", "채널 Secret 지워짐") },
+    Msg { key: "status.provider_validated", text: row("Provider 验证通过（{} ms）", "Provider 驗證通過（{} ms）", "Provider validated ({} ms)", "Provider 検証成功（{} ms）", "Provider 검증 통과({}ms)") },
+    Msg { key: "status.export_log_done", text: row("错误日志已导出", "錯誤日誌已匯出", "Error log exported", "エラーログをエクスポートしました", "오류 로그 내보냄") },
+    Msg { key: "status.hotkey_handled", text: row("已处理快捷键", "已處理快速鍵", "Hotkey handled", "ホットキーを処理しました", "단축키 처리됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.launch_handled", text: row("已处理启动请求", "已處理啟動請求", "Launch request handled", "起動要求を処理しました", "시작 요청 처리됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.request_restart", text: row("请手动重启 OpenLess", "請手動重新啟動 OpenLess", "Please restart OpenLess manually", "OpenLess を手動で再起動してください", "OpenLess를 수동으로 재시작하세요") },
+    Msg { key: "status.tray_stopped", text: row("系统托盘已停止：{}", "系統托盤已停止：{}", "System tray stopped: {}", "システムトレイを停止: {}", "시스템 트레이 중지됨: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.style_switched", text: row("已切换风格：{}", "已切換風格：{}", "Switched style: {}", "スタイルを切替: {}", "스타일 전환됨: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.no_previous_style", text: row("没有可切换的上一风格", "沒有可切換的上一風格", "No previous style to switch to", "切替可能な前スタイルがありません", "전환할 이전 스타일이 없습니다") },
+    Msg { key: "status.mic_selected", text: row("已选择麦克风：{}", "已選擇麥克風：{}", "Microphone selected: {}", "マイクを選択: {}", "마이크 선택됨: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.preset_updated", text: row("词汇预设已更新", "詞彙預設已更新", "Vocabulary preset updated", "語彙プリセットを更新しました", "어휘 프리셋 업데이트됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.preset_gone", text: row("词汇预设已不存在", "詞彙預設已不存在", "Vocabulary preset no longer exists", "語彙プリセットはもうありません", "어휘 프리셋이 더 이상 없음") },
+    Msg { key: "status.suggestion_handled", text: row("词汇建议已处理", "詞彙建議已處理", "Vocabulary suggestion handled", "語彙提案を処理しました", "어휘 제안 처리됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.vocab_saved", text: row("词汇已保存", "詞彙已儲存", "Vocabulary saved", "語彙を保存しました", "어휘 저장됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.vocab_updated", text: row("词汇已更新", "詞彙已更新", "Vocabulary updated", "語彙を更新しました", "어휘 업데이트됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.correction_saved", text: row("纠错规则已保存", "糾錯規則已儲存", "Correction rule saved", "修正ルールを保存しました", "교정 규칙 저장됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.correction_updated", text: row("纠错规则已更新", "糾錯規則已更新", "Correction rule updated", "修正ルールを更新しました", "교정 규칙 업데이트됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.style_hotkey_saved", text: row("风格包快捷键已更新", "風格包快速鍵已更新", "Style-pack shortcut updated", "スタイルパックのショートカットを更新しました", "스타일 팩 단축키 업데이트됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.style_imported", text: row("已导入风格包：{}", "已匯入風格包：{}", "Imported style pack: {}", "スタイルパックを読込: {}", "스타일 팩 가져옴: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.style_saved", text: row("风格包已保存：{}", "風格包已儲存：{}", "Style pack saved: {}", "スタイルパックを保存: {}", "스타일 팩 저장됨: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.style_updated", text: row("风格包已更新", "風格包已更新", "Style pack updated", "スタイルパックを更新しました", "스타일 팩 업데이트됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.style_preview", text: row("{}：单轮 {} 字，多轮 {} 字，热词 {} 个", "{}：單輪 {} 字，多輪 {} 字，熱詞 {} 個", "{}: {} chars/single · {} multi · {} hotwords", "{}: 単発 {} 文字・多発 {} 文字・ホットワード {} 個", "{}: 단일 {}자 · 다중 {}자 · 핫워드 {}개") },
+    Msg { key: "status.marketplace_installed", text: row("已安装风格包：{}", "已安裝風格包：{}", "Installed style pack: {}", "スタイルパックをインストール: {}", "스타일 팩 설치됨: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.marketplace_like", text: row("喜欢数：{}", "喜歡數：{}", "Likes: {}", "いいね数: {}", "좋아요 수: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.marketplace_zip_saved", text: row("Marketplace ZIP 已保存", "Marketplace ZIP 已儲存", "Marketplace ZIP saved", "Marketplace ZIP を保存しました", "마켓플레이스 ZIP 저장됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.marketplace_published", text: row("发布状态：{} · {}", "發佈狀態：{} · {}", "Publish status: {} · {}", "公開状態: {} · {}", "배포 상태: {} · {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.marketplace_deleted", text: row("Marketplace 发布已删除", "Marketplace 發佈已刪除", "Marketplace release deleted", "Marketplace のリリースを削除しました", "마켓플레이스 배포 삭제됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.history_copied", text: row("历史文本已复制", "歷史文字已複製", "Text copied to clipboard", "クリップボードにコピーしました", "텍스트가 복사됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.copy_failed", text: row("复制失败：{}", "複製失敗：{}", "Copy failed: {}", "コピー失敗: {}", "복사 실패: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.repolish_done", text: row("重新润色完成：{}", "重新潤飾完成：{}", "Repolish done: {}", "再推敲完了: {}", "다시 다듬기 완료: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.history_deleted", text: row("历史记录已删除", "歷史紀錄已刪除", "History entry deleted", "履歴を削除しました", "기록 삭제됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.opened_player", text: row("已交给系统播放器", "已交給系統播放器", "Opened in the system player", "システムプレーヤーで開きました", "시스템 플레이어에서 열림") },
+    Msg { key: "status.recording_exported", text: row("录音已导出：{}", "錄音已匯出：{}", "Recording exported: {}", "録音をエクスポート: {}", "녹음 내보냄: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.retranscribed", text: row("重新转写完成：{}", "重新轉寫完成：{}", "Retranscription done: {}", "再文字起こし完了: {}", "다시 받아쓰기 완료: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.dictation_phase", text: row("听写：{}", "聽寫：{}", "Dictation: {}", "ディクテーション: {}", "받아쓰기: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.dictation_done", text: row("听写完成：{}", "聽寫完成：{}", "Dictation done: {}", "ディクテーション完了: {}", "받아쓰기 완료: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.model_progress", text: row("模型 {}：{} {}/{}", "模型 {}：{} {}/{}", "Model {}: {} {}/{}", "モデル {}: {} {}/{}", "모델 {}: {} {}/{}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.backlog_reset", text: row("事件积压 {} 条，已重置派生界面并重放可用事件", "事件積壓 {} 條，已重置衍生介面並重放可用事件", "{} events backlogged — reset derived UI and replayed available events", "{} 件のイベントが滞り、派生UIをリセットして再送しました", "이벤트 {}건 밀림 — 파생 UI 재설정 및 재생됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.backlog_replay", text: row("事件积压 {} 条，已从 Core 重放补齐", "事件積壓 {} 條，已從 Core 重放補齊", "{} events backlogged — replayed from Core", "{} 件のイベントが滞り、Core から再送しました", "이벤트 {}건 밀림 — Core에서 재생됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.dialog_cancelled", text: row("操作已取消", "操作已取消", "Operation cancelled", "操作をキャンセルしました", "작업 취소됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.voice_cancelled_ok", text: row("语音会话已取消", "語音工作階段已取消", "Voice session cancelled", "音声セッションをキャンセルしました", "음성 세션 취소됨") },
+    Msg { key: "popup.ignore_no_session", text: row("已忽略没有活动会话的弹窗操作", "已忽略沒有活動工作階段的彈窗操作", "Ignored popup action without an active session", "アクティブなセッションのないポップアップ操作を無視しました", "활성 세션이 없는 팝업 동작 무시됨") },
+    Msg { key: "popup.ignore_stale", text: row("已忽略迟到、重复或跨类型的弹窗操作", "已忽略遲到、重複或跨類型的彈窗操作", "Ignored late, duplicate or cross-kind popup action", "遅延・重複・異種のポップアップ操作を無視しました", "지연/중복/유형 오류 팝업 동작 무시됨") },
+    Msg { key: "popup.ignore_late_qa", text: row("已忽略迟到的问答弹窗操作", "已忽略遲到的問答彈窗操作", "Ignored a late Q&A popup action", "遅れた Q&A ポップアップ操作を無視しました", "지연된 Q&A 팝업 동작 무시됨") },
+    Msg { key: "popup.protocol_error", text: row("原生弹窗协议错误：{}", "原生彈窗協定錯誤：{}", "Native popup protocol error: {}", "ネイティブポップアップのプロトコルエラー: {}", "네이티브 팝업 프로토콜 오류: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "popup.spawn_failed", text: row("原生弹窗启动失败：{}", "原生彈窗啟動失敗：{}", "Failed to start native popup: {}", "ネイティブポップアップの起動に失敗: {}", "네이티브 팝업 시작 실패: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "popup.exited", text: row("原生弹窗异常退出：{}", "原生彈窗異常結束：{}", "Native popup exited unexpectedly: {}", "ネイティブポップアップが異常終了: {}", "네이티브 팝업 비정상 종료: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "popup.start_failed", text: row("无法启动原生弹窗：{}", "無法啟動原生彈窗：{}", "Could not start the native popup: {}", "ネイティブポップアップを起動できません: {}", "네이티브 팝업을 시작할 수 없음: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "popup.channel_rebuild", text: row("原生弹窗通道重建：{}", "原生彈窗通道重建：{}", "Rebuilt native popup channel: {}", "ネイティブポップアップのチャネルを再構築: {}", "네이티브 팝업 채널 재구축: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "popup.recover_failed", text: row("原生弹窗恢复失败：{}", "原生彈窗恢復失敗：{}", "Native popup recovery failed: {}", "ネイティブポップアップの復元に失敗: {}", "네이티브 팝업 복구 실패: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "popup.session_invalid", text: row("弹窗 session 无效：{}", "彈窗 session 無效：{}", "Invalid popup session: {}", "無効なポップアップセッション: {}", "잘못된 팝업 세션: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "status.from_preset", text: row("预设：{}", "預設：{}", "Preset: {}", "プリセット: {}", "프리셋: {}") },
+    Msg { key: "dialog.export_log_cancelled", text: row("日志导出已取消", "日誌匯出已取消", "Log export cancelled", "ログのエクスポートをキャンセル", "로그 내보내기 취소됨") },
+    Msg { key: "dialog.style_import_cancelled", text: row("风格包导入已取消", "風格包匯入已取消", "Style-pack import cancelled", "スタイルパックのインポートをキャンセル", "스타일 팩 가져오기 취소됨") },
+    Msg { key: "dialog.style_export_cancelled", text: row("风格包导出已取消", "風格包匯出已取消", "Style-pack export cancelled", "スタイルパックのエクスポートをキャンセル", "스타일 팩 내보내기 취소됨") },
+    Msg { key: "dialog.recording_export_cancelled", text: row("录音导出已取消", "錄音匯出已取消", "Recording export cancelled", "録音のエクスポートをキャンセル", "녹음 내보내기 취소됨") },
+    Msg { key: "dialog.marketplace_zip_cancelled", text: row("Marketplace 下载已取消", "Marketplace 下載已取消", "Marketplace download cancelled", "Marketplace のダウンロードをキャンセル", "마켓플레이스 다운로드 취소됨") },
+    Msg { key: "status.history_cleared", text: row("历史已清空", "歷史已清空", "History cleared", "履歴をクリアしました", "기록이 지워졌습니다") },
+    Msg { key: "status.remote_pin_reset", text: row("远程输入配对码已重置", "遠端輸入配對碼已重設", "Remote input pairing code reset", "リモート入力のペアリングコードを再発行しました", "원격 입력 페어링 코드 재설정됨") },
+    Msg { key: "tray.show", text: row("显示 OpenLess", "顯示 OpenLess", "Show OpenLess", "OpenLess を表示", "OpenLess 표시") },
+    Msg { key: "tray.previous_style", text: row("切换到上一风格", "切換到上一風格", "Switch to previous style", "前のスタイルに切り替え", "이전 스타일로 전환") },
+    Msg { key: "tray.quit", text: row("退出", "結束", "Quit", "終了", "종료") },
+];
+
+fn lang_index(lang: Lang) -> usize {
+    match lang {
+        Lang::ZhCn => 0,
+        Lang::ZhTw => 1,
+        Lang::En => 2,
+        Lang::Ja => 3,
+        Lang::Ko => 4,
+    }
+}
+
+fn find_entry<'a>(entries: &'a [Msg], key: &str) -> Option<&'a Msg> {
+    entries.iter().find(|entry| entry.key == key)
+}
+
+/// Translate a catalog key into the chosen language, falling back to the
+/// `zh-CN` source of truth for any key whose requested locale is untranslated,
+/// and finally to the bare key when the key is not present at all.
+pub fn tr<'a, L: IntoLang>(entries: &'a [Msg], lang: L, key: &'a str) -> &'a str {
+    let lang = lang.into_lang();
+    match find_entry(entries, key) {
+        Some(entry) => {
+            let value = entry.text[lang_index(lang)];
+            if value.is_empty() && lang != Lang::ZhCn {
+                entry.text[0]
+            } else if value.is_empty() {
+                // zh-CN is the source of truth and should never be empty.
+                key
+            } else {
+                value
+            }
+        }
+        None => key,
+    }
+}
+
+/// Translate and substitute `{}` (sequential) and `{n}` (positional)
+/// placeholders. Reuses the same fallback rules as [`tr`].
+pub fn fmt<L: IntoLang>(entries: &[Msg], lang: L, key: &str, args: &[&dyn Display]) -> String {
+    let template = tr(entries, lang, key);
+    let mut out = String::with_capacity(template.len());
+    let mut rest = template;
+    let mut auto_index = 0usize;
+    while let Some(open) = rest.find('{') {
+        if let Some(relative_close) = rest[open + 1..].find('}') {
+            let close = open + 1 + relative_close;
+            let field = &rest[open + 1..close];
+            let argument = if field.is_empty() {
+                let index = auto_index;
+                auto_index += 1;
+                index
+            } else if let Ok(index) = field.parse::<usize>() {
+                index
+            } else {
+                // Not a placeholder we understand (e.g. `{name}`): keep it.
+                out.push_str(&rest[..open]);
+                out.push('{');
+                out.push_str(field);
+                out.push('}');
+                rest = &rest[close + 1..];
+                continue;
+            };
+            out.push_str(&rest[..open]);
+            if let Some(value) = args.get(argument) {
+                out.push_str(&value.to_string());
+            }
+            rest = &rest[close + 1..];
+            continue;
+        }
+        // No closing brace: keep the `{` literally and make progress.
+        out.push_str(&rest[..open]);
+        out.push('{');
+        rest = &rest[open + 1..];
+    }
+    out.push_str(rest);
+    out
+}
+
+/// Global lookup against [`CATALOG`].
+pub fn tr_catalog<L: IntoLang>(lang: L, key: &'static str) -> &'static str {
+    tr(CATALOG, lang, key)
+}
+
+/// Global formatted lookup against [`CATALOG`].
+pub fn fmt_catalog<L: IntoLang>(lang: L, key: &str, args: &[&dyn Display]) -> String {
+    fmt(CATALOG, lang, key, args)
+}
+
+/// Ergonomic conversion for the call sites that already hold a concrete
+/// [`Lang`] or a [`LocalePref`]. Kept tiny so UI code stays readable.
+pub trait IntoLang {
+    fn into_lang(self) -> Lang;
+}
+
+impl IntoLang for Lang {
+    fn into_lang(self) -> Lang {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+impl IntoLang for LocalePref {
+    fn into_lang(self) -> Lang {
+        self.resolve()
+    }
+}
+
+impl IntoLang for &LocalePref {
+    fn into_lang(self) -> Lang {
+        self.resolve()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    const TEST_CATALOG: &[Msg] = &[
+        Msg {
+            key: "k.full",
+            text: row("完整", "完整", "Full", "完全", "전체"),
+        },
+        // `k.missing_en` deliberately leaves `en` empty to exercise fallback.
+        Msg {
+            key: "k.missing_en",
+            text: row("来源", "來源", "", "ソース", "출처"),
+        },
+    ];
+
+    #[test]
+    fn fallback_uses_zh_cn_source_of_truth_when_locale_is_empty() {
+        assert_eq!(tr(TEST_CATALOG, Lang::En, "k.missing_en"), "来源");
+        assert_eq!(tr(TEST_CATALOG, Lang::ZhCn, "k.missing_en"), "来源");
+        // Fully translated keys return their own locale.
+        assert_eq!(tr(TEST_CATALOG, Lang::En, "k.full"), "Full");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn unknown_key_returns_the_key_itself() {
+        assert_eq!(tr(TEST_CATALOG, Lang::Ja, "k.unknown"), "k.unknown");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn zh_cn_source_of_truth_is_fully_populated_and_complete() {
+        for entry in CATALOG {
+            assert!(
+                !entry.text[0].is_empty(),
+                "zh-CN must never be empty for key {}",
+                entry.key
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn every_catalog_key_is_translated_in_all_supported_locales() {
+        for entry in CATALOG {
+            for lang in LANGS {
+                assert!(
+                    !entry.text[lang_index(lang)].is_empty(),
+                    "{} is missing a translation for {}",
+                    entry.key,
+                    lang.tag()
+                );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn catalog_keys_are_unique() {
+        for (i, left) in CATALOG.iter().enumerate() {
+            for right in &CATALOG[i + 1..] {
+                assert_ne!(left.key, right.key);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn system_locale_detection_maps_common_locale_envs() {
+        assert_eq!(Lang::parse("zh_CN.UTF-8"), Some(Lang::ZhCn));
+        assert_eq!(Lang::parse("zh-Hant-TW"), Some(Lang::ZhTw));
+        assert_eq!(Lang::parse("zh_TW"), Some(Lang::ZhTw));
+        assert_eq!(Lang::parse("ja_JP.UTF-8"), Some(Lang::Ja));
+        assert_eq!(Lang::parse("ko_KR"), Some(Lang::Ko));
+        assert_eq!(Lang::parse("en_US"), Some(Lang::En));
+        assert_eq!(Lang::parse("fr_FR"), None);
+        assert_eq!(Lang::parse(""), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn system_preference_resolves_from_the_host_locale() {
+        for (variable, value, expected) in [
+            ("LC_ALL", "zh_TW.UTF-8", Lang::ZhTw),
+            ("LC_MESSAGES", "ko_KR.UTF-8", Lang::Ko),
+            ("LANG", "ja_JP", Lang::Ja),
+        ] {
+            // LocalePref::System must route through env-based detection.
+            let prev = std::env::var(variable).ok();
+            std::env::set_var(variable, value);
+            assert_eq!(LocalePref::System.resolve(), expected);
+            match prev {
+                Some(value) => std::env::set_var(variable, value),
+                None => std::env::remove_var(variable),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn locale_preference_roundtrips_through_wire_tags() {
+        assert_eq!(LocalePref::System, LocalePref::from_tag("system"));
+        assert_eq!(
+            LocalePref::Lang(Lang::ZhTw),
+            LocalePref::from_tag(Lang::ZhTw.tag())
+        );
+        // Unknown tags degrade to System (follow OS), never to a wrong guess.
+        assert_eq!(LocalePref::from_tag("xx_YY"), LocalePref::System);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn positional_placeholders_are_substituted_in_any_locale() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            fmt_catalog(Lang::ZhCn, "metric.near7", &[&3, &9]),
+            "近7天 3 段 · 近30天 9 段"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            fmt_catalog(Lang::En, "metric.near7", &[&3, &9]),
+            "3 in 7d · 9 in 30d"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            fmt_catalog(Lang::Ja, "metric.near7", &[&3, &9]),
+            "直近7日 3 件 · 30日 9 件"
+        );
+        // Unknown keys fall back to the key text with no substitution.
+        assert_eq!(fmt_catalog(Lang::En, "k.unknown", &[&1]), "k.unknown");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/lib.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/lib.rs
index 228339b2e..c92acfa27 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/lib.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/lib.rs
@@ -5,35 +5,62 @@
 //! and semantic events between that backend and the UI.
 
 mod audio;
+mod audio_cue;
+mod audio_mute;
 mod backend;
 mod capabilities;
 mod coding_agent;
 mod credentials;
+mod desktop;
 mod fcitx5;
 mod host_actions;
 mod hotkeys;
+mod i18n;
+mod logging;
 mod marketplace;
+mod popup;
 mod qa;
+mod recordings;
 mod remote_input;
 mod resources;
 mod runtime;
 mod selection;
 mod settings;
 mod single_instance;
+mod tray;
+mod ui_state;
+mod updater;
 
 pub use audio::LinuxCpalRecorder;
+pub use audio_cue::{play_cue_start, play_cue_stop, CueTone};
+pub use audio_mute::AudioMuteGuard;
 pub use backend::{LinuxBackendBuilder, LinuxBackendRuntime};
 pub use capabilities::{LinuxCapabilitySnapshot, LinuxDesktopSession, LinuxPlatformApi};
 pub use credentials::LinuxCredentialStore;
+pub use desktop::{
+    atomic_save, notify, open_external, open_local_file, validate_save_path, AutostartManager,
+    DesktopError, Notification,
+};
 pub use fcitx5::{
     available as fcitx5_available, commit_text as fcitx5_commit_text,
-    ensure_plugin_installed as ensure_fcitx5_plugin_installed,
+    copy_to_clipboard as fcitx5_copy_to_clipboard,
+    ensure_plugin_installed as ensure_fcitx5_plugin_installed, reload_running_fcitx5,
     selection_text as fcitx5_selection_text, set_hotkeys as set_fcitx5_hotkeys,
     set_less_computer_hotkey_raw as set_fcitx5_less_computer_hotkey_raw, Fcitx5TextInserter,
     FcitxPluginInstallPlan, FcitxPluginStatus,
 };
 pub use host_actions::LinuxHostActions;
 pub use hotkeys::{Fcitx5HotkeyListener, LinuxHotkeyEvent};
+pub use i18n::{fmt_catalog as fmt_l10n, tr_catalog as tr_l10n, Lang, LocalePref, LANGS};
+pub use logging::{export_error_log, init_file_logger, log_path};
+pub use popup::{
+    read_jsonl, run_popup, write_jsonl, ApplyOutcome as PopupApplyOutcome, CapsulePopupState,
+    HostToPopup, PopupActionGuard, PopupChatMessage, PopupKind, PopupSendError, PopupState,
+    PopupSupervisor, PopupSupervisorEvent, PopupToHost, PreviewPopupState,
+    ProtocolError as PopupProtocolError, ProtocolErrorKind as PopupProtocolErrorKind, QaPopupState,
+    MAX_JSONL_LINE_BYTES, POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+};
+pub use recordings::{read_recording_wav, recording_path, recording_pcm, RecordingError};
 pub use resources::{
     LinuxPackageKind, LinuxResourceLayout, LinuxResourceResolver, FCITX_PLUGIN_CONFIG,
     FCITX_PLUGIN_LIBRARY,
@@ -44,6 +71,16 @@ pub use settings::{LinuxSettingsEffects, LinuxSettingsRuntime};
 pub use single_instance::{
     LinuxLaunchIntent, SingleInstanceBroker, SingleInstanceGuard, SingleInstanceRole,
 };
+pub use tray::{LinuxTray, TrayCommand, TrayError, TrayMicrophone};
+pub use ui_state::{load_locale_pref, save_locale_pref, ui_state_dir, ui_state_path, UiStateError};
+pub use updater::{
+    install_verified_appimage, install_verified_appimage_with_limit, manifest_urls, AppImageTarget,
+    AppImageUpdater, CheckReason, DownloadProgress, InstalledUpdate, LinuxUpdateSupport,
+    PinnedMinisignVerifier, SignatureVerifier, UnavailableSignatureVerifier, UpdateChannel,
+    UpdateError, UpdateManifest, UpdateSchedule, BETA_RELEASES_API, DEFAULT_MAX_APPIMAGE_BYTES,
+    DEFAULT_MAX_MANIFEST_BYTES, DIRECT_RELEASE_BASE, MANIFEST_HOST, MANIFEST_SCHEMA_VERSION,
+    PERIODIC_CHECK_INTERVAL, PINNED_MINISIGN_PUBLIC_KEY, RELEASES_URL, STARTUP_CHECK_DELAY,
+};
 
 pub use openless_core::contract::*;
 
@@ -367,6 +404,35 @@ impl LinuxHost {
                 }
                 Ok(None)
             }
+            LinuxHotkeyEvent::SwitchStylePressed => {
+                self.backend.activate_previous_style_pack()?;
+                Ok(None)
+            }
+            LinuxHotkeyEvent::OpenAppPressed => {
+                self.backend.request_host_action(HostAction::ShowMain)?;
+                self.backend.request_host_action(HostAction::FocusMain)?;
+                Ok(None)
+            }
+            LinuxHotkeyEvent::StylePackPressed { symbol, states } => {
+                let preferences = self.backend.get_preferences();
+                let pack_id = preferences
+                    .style_pack_hotkeys
+                    .iter()
+                    .find_map(|hotkey| {
+                        crate::settings::shortcut_to_raw(&hotkey.binding)
+                            .ok()
+                            .filter(|raw| *raw == (symbol, states))
+                            .map(|_| hotkey.pack_id.clone())
+                    })
+                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                        BackendError::new(
+                            BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                            "style-pack hotkey no longer matches current settings",
+                        )
+                    })?;
+                self.backend.activate_style_pack(&pack_id)?;
+                Ok(None)
+            }
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/logging.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/logging.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ed7418812
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/logging.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+const ROTATE_LIMIT_BYTES: u64 = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+pub fn log_path(data_dir: &Path) -> PathBuf {
+    data_dir.join("logs").join("openless.log")
+}
+
+pub fn init_file_logger(data_dir: &Path) -> Result<PathBuf, String> {
+    use simplelog::{
+        ColorChoice, CombinedLogger, ConfigBuilder, LevelFilter, TermLogger, TerminalMode,
+        WriteLogger,
+    };
+
+    let path = log_path(data_dir);
+    let parent = path.parent().ok_or("log path has no parent")?;
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(parent).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+    rotate_if_needed(&path).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+    let file = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
+        .create(true)
+        .append(true)
+        .open(&path)
+        .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+    let config = ConfigBuilder::new().set_time_format_rfc3339().build();
+    CombinedLogger::init(vec![
+        TermLogger::new(
+            LevelFilter::Info,
+            config.clone(),
+            TerminalMode::Mixed,
+            ColorChoice::Auto,
+        ),
+        WriteLogger::new(LevelFilter::Info, config, file),
+    ])
+    .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+    log::info!("Linux egui file logger ready: {}", path.display());
+    Ok(path)
+}
+
+fn rotate_if_needed(path: &Path) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let Ok(metadata) = std::fs::metadata(path) else {
+        return Ok(());
+    };
+    if metadata.len() <= ROTATE_LIMIT_BYTES {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+    let archive = path.with_file_name("openless.log.1");
+    match std::fs::remove_file(&archive) {
+        Ok(()) => {}
+        Err(error) if error.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => {}
+        Err(error) => return Err(error),
+    }
+    std::fs::rename(path, archive)
+}
+
+pub fn export_error_log(source: &Path, destination: &Path) -> Result<(), crate::DesktopError> {
+    let bytes = std::fs::read(source).map_err(|source| crate::DesktopError::Io {
+        operation: "read error log",
+        source,
+    })?;
+    crate::atomic_save(destination, &bytes).map(|_| ())
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn exports_the_current_log_with_atomic_save() {
+        let root = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
+            "openless-linux-log-export-{}",
+            uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple()
+        ));
+        let source = log_path(&root);
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(source.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(&source, b"diagnostic\n").unwrap();
+        let destination = root.join("exported.log");
+
+        export_error_log(&source, &destination).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(std::fs::read(destination).unwrap(), b"diagnostic\n");
+        std::fs::remove_dir_all(root).unwrap();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/main.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/main.rs
index 2aff6bae9..8de9b9b8b 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/main.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/main.rs
@@ -1,37 +1,43 @@
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", test))]
-mod ui_state;
-
 #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
 fn main() {
     eprintln!("openless-linux-egui is only available on Linux");
 }
 
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+mod ui;
+
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
 mod linux_app {
-    use super::ui_state::{Navigation, Page};
     use std::future::Future;
     use std::sync::mpsc;
     use std::sync::Arc;
     use std::time::Duration;
 
+    use crate::ui::frontend::{self, view_model::FrontendViewModel};
+    use crate::ui::{shell, theme};
+    use chrono::Datelike;
     use eframe::egui;
     use openless_core::{
         BackendConfig, BackendError, BackendEvent, BackendEventKind, BackendSnapshot,
-        DictationPhase, HistoryInsertStatus, HostAction, LessComputerEventKind, LocalAsrModel,
-        LocalAsrRuntime, QaStateEvent, QaStateKind, SelectionPhase, SelectionSnapshot,
-        TranscriptAccumulator, UserPreferences,
+        DictationPhase, HistoryInsertStatus, HostAction, LessComputerEventKind, QaStateEvent,
+        QaStateKind, SelectionPhase, SelectionSnapshot, TranscriptAccumulator, UserPreferences,
+    };
+    use openless_linux_egui::{
+        drain_events, ensure_fcitx5_plugin_installed, fcitx5_copy_to_clipboard, notify,
+        open_external, reload_running_fcitx5, write_jsonl, EventDrainOutcome, Fcitx5HotkeyListener,
+        FcitxPluginInstallPlan, FcitxPluginStatus, HostToPopup, LinuxBackendBuilder,
+        LinuxCapabilitySnapshot, LinuxLaunchIntent, LinuxNativeRuntime, LinuxPackageKind,
+        LinuxResourceLayout, LinuxUpdateSupport, Notification, PopupActionGuard, PopupChatMessage,
+        PopupKind, PopupState, PopupSupervisor, PopupSupervisorEvent, PopupToHost,
+        SingleInstanceBroker, SingleInstanceRole, UpdateManifest, UpdateSchedule,
+        POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
     };
     use openless_linux_egui::{
-        drain_events, ensure_fcitx5_plugin_installed, EventDrainOutcome, Fcitx5HotkeyListener,
-        FcitxPluginInstallPlan, FcitxPluginStatus, LinuxBackendBuilder, LinuxCapabilitySnapshot,
-        LinuxDesktopSession, LinuxLaunchIntent, LinuxNativeRuntime, LinuxPackageKind,
-        LinuxResourceLayout, SingleInstanceBroker, SingleInstanceRole,
+        fmt_l10n, load_locale_pref, save_locale_pref, tr_l10n, Lang, LocalePref, LANGS,
     };
 
     enum UiResult {
-        Environment(LinuxCapabilitySnapshot),
         Message(String),
-        Models(Result<Vec<LocalAsrModel>, String>),
         Remote(Result<(openless_core::RemoteInputStatus, String), String>),
         Providers(Result<ProviderPanel, String>),
         ProviderEditor {
@@ -45,13 +51,18 @@ mod linux_app {
             result: Result<Vec<String>, String>,
         },
         ProviderMutation(Result<String, String>),
-    }
-
-    #[derive(Clone)]
-    enum ModelsState {
-        Loading,
-        Loaded(Vec<LocalAsrModel>),
-        Failed(String),
+        Library(Result<LibraryPanel, String>),
+        SettingsSaved(Box<Result<openless_core::SettingsUpdateOutcome, String>>),
+        Marketplace(Result<Vec<openless_core::MarketplaceListItem>, String>),
+        MarketplaceFlow(Result<openless_core::OAuthDeviceFlow, String>),
+        MarketplaceAuthPoll(Result<openless_core::OAuthPollResult, String>),
+        MarketplaceDetail(Result<openless_core::MarketplaceDetail, String>),
+        MarketplaceMine(Result<(Vec<openless_core::MarketplaceMyPackItem>, Vec<String>), String>),
+        Microphones(Result<Vec<openless_core::MicrophoneDevice>, String>),
+        Overview(Result<OverviewData, String>),
+        UpdateCheck(Result<Option<UpdateManifest>, String>),
+        UpdateProgress(openless_linux_egui::DownloadProgress),
+        UpdateInstalled(Result<openless_linux_egui::InstalledUpdate, String>),
     }
 
     #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -62,6 +73,165 @@ mod linux_app {
         active_provider: String,
     }
 
+    struct LibraryPanel {
+        vocabulary: Vec<openless_core::DictionaryEntry>,
+        correction_rules: Vec<openless_core::CorrectionRule>,
+        style_packs: Vec<openless_core::StylePack>,
+        vocab_preset_store: openless_core::VocabPresetStore,
+        vocab_presets: Vec<openless_core::VocabPreset>,
+    }
+
+    #[derive(Default, Clone, Copy)]
+    struct SettingsDirty {
+        streaming_insert: bool,
+        coding_agent_enabled: bool,
+        start_minimized: bool,
+        launch_at_login: bool,
+        auto_update_check: bool,
+        update_channel: bool,
+        remote_input_enabled: bool,
+        remote_input_port: bool,
+        recording: bool,
+        microphone: bool,
+        appearance: bool,
+        hotkeys: bool,
+    }
+
+    impl SettingsDirty {
+        fn any(&self) -> bool {
+            self.streaming_insert
+                || self.coding_agent_enabled
+                || self.start_minimized
+                || self.launch_at_login
+                || self.auto_update_check
+                || self.update_channel
+                || self.remote_input_enabled
+                || self.remote_input_port
+                || self.recording
+                || self.microphone
+                || self.appearance
+                || self.hotkeys
+        }
+
+        fn merge(&self, latest: &UserPreferences, draft: &UserPreferences) -> UserPreferences {
+            let mut merged = latest.clone();
+            if self.streaming_insert {
+                merged.streaming_insert = draft.streaming_insert;
+            }
+            if self.coding_agent_enabled {
+                merged.coding_agent_enabled = draft.coding_agent_enabled;
+            }
+            if self.start_minimized {
+                merged.start_minimized = draft.start_minimized;
+            }
+            if self.launch_at_login {
+                merged.launch_at_login = draft.launch_at_login;
+            }
+            if self.auto_update_check {
+                merged.auto_update_check = draft.auto_update_check;
+            }
+            if self.update_channel {
+                merged.update_channel = draft.update_channel;
+            }
+            if self.remote_input_enabled {
+                merged.remote_input_enabled = draft.remote_input_enabled;
+            }
+            if self.remote_input_port {
+                merged.remote_input_port = draft.remote_input_port;
+            }
+            if self.recording {
+                merged.hotkey.mode = draft.hotkey.mode;
+                merged.silence_auto_stop_enabled = draft.silence_auto_stop_enabled;
+                merged.silence_auto_stop_seconds = draft.silence_auto_stop_seconds;
+                merged.mute_during_recording = draft.mute_during_recording;
+                merged.audio_cue_on_record = draft.audio_cue_on_record;
+            }
+            if self.microphone {
+                merged.microphone_device_name = draft.microphone_device_name.clone();
+            }
+            if self.appearance {
+                merged.theme_mode = draft.theme_mode;
+                merged.show_overview_activity_heatmap = draft.show_overview_activity_heatmap;
+            }
+            if self.hotkeys {
+                merged.dictation_hotkey = draft.dictation_hotkey.clone();
+                merged.hotkey = draft.hotkey.clone();
+                merged.qa_hotkey = draft.qa_hotkey.clone();
+                merged.translation_hotkey = draft.translation_hotkey.clone();
+                merged.switch_style_hotkey = draft.switch_style_hotkey.clone();
+                merged.open_app_hotkey = draft.open_app_hotkey.clone();
+                merged.selection_polish_hotkey = draft.selection_polish_hotkey.clone();
+                merged.coding_agent_voice_hotkey = draft.coding_agent_voice_hotkey.clone();
+            }
+            merged
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ---- Native Overview summary (Tauri parity) -----------------------------
+    //
+    // The Tauri Overview derives its dashboard from three real Core sources:
+    //   * `CredentialsStatus`  -> active ASR/LLM provider and its configured state
+    //   * `HistoryStore`       -> today's metrics, total count and recent entries
+    //   * `ActivityStore`      -> trailing-window aggregates + daily heatmap
+    // Fetching happens off the egui frame in a tokio task (`load_overview`); the
+    // pure helpers below only shape already-loaded data and are unit tested
+    // without a runtime, a backend or any UI.
+
+    /// Raw snapshot fetched asynchronously from Core for the Overview tab.
+    #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+    struct OverviewData {
+        credentials: openless_core::CredentialsStatus,
+        history: Vec<openless_core::DictationSession>,
+        activity: Vec<openless_core::ActivityDay>,
+    }
+
+    #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
+    struct RecentEntry {
+        created_at: String,
+        final_text: String,
+        duration_ms: Option<u64>,
+    }
+
+    /// Activity aggregate over a trailing calendar window. Zero days that never
+    /// recorded activity are absent from the store, so a window may cover more
+    /// calendar days than `active_days`.
+    #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+    struct ActivityAggregate {
+        active_days: usize,
+        segments: u64,
+        chars: u64,
+        duration_ms: u64,
+    }
+
+    /// Fully derived, display-ready Overview summary (computed purely, tested).
+    #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
+    struct OverviewSummary {
+        asr_provider: String,
+        llm_provider: String,
+        asr_configured: bool,
+        llm_configured: bool,
+        chars_today: u64,
+        segments_today: usize,
+        duration_ms_today: u64,
+        avg_latency_ms: u64,
+        history_total: usize,
+        recent: Vec<RecentEntry>,
+        last_7: ActivityAggregate,
+        last_30: ActivityAggregate,
+        /// GitHub-style weekly columns (Sunday-first). Chronological oldest
+        /// first; a partial leading week keeps left-edge calendar alignment.
+        heatmap_weeks: Vec<[u32; 7]>,
+        heatmap_days: u32,
+        activity_days_total: usize,
+    }
+
+    #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+    enum OverviewState {
+        Loading,
+        Loaded(OverviewData),
+        Failed(String),
+    }
+
     #[derive(Clone)]
     enum ProvidersState {
         Loading,
@@ -69,6 +239,319 @@ mod linux_app {
         Failed(String),
     }
 
+    /// Trailing annual window rendered by the Overview heatmap.
+    const OVERVIEW_HEATMAP_DAYS: i64 = 364;
+
+    impl OverviewState {
+        fn summary(&self, today: chrono::NaiveDate) -> Option<OverviewSummary> {
+            match self {
+                OverviewState::Loaded(data) => Some(overview_summary(data, today)),
+                OverviewState::Loading | OverviewState::Failed(_) => None,
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// RFC3339 history timestamp -> local calendar date. A value that cannot
+    /// be parsed simply yields `None` and contributes nothing to the summary.
+    fn history_local_date(created_at: &str) -> Option<chrono::NaiveDate> {
+        chrono::DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339(created_at)
+            .ok()
+            .map(|instant| instant.with_timezone(&chrono::Local).date_naive())
+    }
+
+    /// Sum one activity window's segments/chars/duration over `[today-days+1, today]`.
+    fn aggregate_window(
+        by_date: &std::collections::BTreeMap<chrono::NaiveDate, &openless_core::ActivityDay>,
+        today: chrono::NaiveDate,
+        days: i64,
+    ) -> ActivityAggregate {
+        let start = today - chrono::Duration::days(days - 1);
+        let mut aggregate = ActivityAggregate::default();
+        for (_, day) in by_date.range(start..=today) {
+            aggregate.active_days += 1;
+            aggregate.segments += u64::from(day.count);
+            aggregate.chars += day.chars;
+            aggregate.duration_ms += day.duration_ms;
+        }
+        aggregate
+    }
+
+    /// Build a Sunday-first weekly heatmap grid over the trailing `days` window
+    /// (inclusive) ending at `today`. Columns are chronological weeks; the first
+    /// column may be partial so weekday edges align like a GitHub contribution
+    /// graph. Dates absent from the store render as an inactive (0) cell.
+    fn build_heatmap_weeks(
+        by_date: &std::collections::BTreeMap<chrono::NaiveDate, &openless_core::ActivityDay>,
+        today: chrono::NaiveDate,
+        days: i64,
+    ) -> Vec<[u32; 7]> {
+        let mut weeks: Vec<[u32; 7]> = Vec::new();
+        let mut date = today - chrono::Duration::days(days - 1);
+        while date <= today {
+            let weekday = date.weekday().num_days_from_sunday() as usize;
+            if weekday == 0 || weeks.is_empty() {
+                // A fresh column. Sunday starts a new week; a partial leading
+                // column is created on the first non-Sunday date instead.
+                weeks.push([0u32; 7]);
+            }
+            weeks
+                .last_mut()
+                .expect("a heatmap week always exists before writing a cell")[weekday] =
+                by_date.get(&date).map(|day| day.count).unwrap_or(0);
+            date += chrono::Duration::days(1);
+        }
+        weeks
+    }
+
+    /// Shape the fetched Core snapshot into the display summary. Pure and free of
+    /// any runtime/IO so it can be exercised by focused unit tests.
+    fn overview_summary(data: &OverviewData, today: chrono::NaiveDate) -> OverviewSummary {
+        let mut segments_today = 0usize;
+        let mut chars_today = 0u64;
+        let mut duration_ms_today = 0u64;
+        for session in &data.history {
+            if history_local_date(&session.created_at) == Some(today) {
+                segments_today += 1;
+                chars_today += session.final_text.chars().count() as u64;
+                duration_ms_today += session.duration_ms.unwrap_or(0);
+            }
+        }
+        let avg_latency_ms = if segments_today > 0 {
+            duration_ms_today / segments_today as u64
+        } else {
+            0
+        };
+
+        // Newest five entries. `created_at` is RFC3339 in a constant UTC offset,
+        // so lexicographic ordering is a valid chronological ordering.
+        let mut recent: Vec<RecentEntry> = data
+            .history
+            .iter()
+            .map(|session| RecentEntry {
+                created_at: session.created_at.clone(),
+                final_text: session.final_text.clone(),
+                duration_ms: session.duration_ms,
+            })
+            .collect();
+        recent.sort_by(|a, b| b.created_at.cmp(&a.created_at));
+        recent.truncate(5);
+
+        let mut by_date: std::collections::BTreeMap<
+            chrono::NaiveDate,
+            &openless_core::ActivityDay,
+        > = std::collections::BTreeMap::new();
+        for day in &data.activity {
+            if let Ok(date) = chrono::NaiveDate::parse_from_str(&day.date, "%Y-%m-%d") {
+                by_date.insert(date, day);
+            }
+        }
+
+        OverviewSummary {
+            asr_provider: data.credentials.active_asr_provider.clone(),
+            llm_provider: data.credentials.active_llm_provider.clone(),
+            asr_configured: data.credentials.asr_configured,
+            llm_configured: data.credentials.llm_configured,
+            chars_today,
+            segments_today,
+            duration_ms_today,
+            avg_latency_ms,
+            history_total: data.history.len(),
+            recent,
+            last_7: aggregate_window(&by_date, today, 7),
+            last_30: aggregate_window(&by_date, today, 30),
+            heatmap_weeks: build_heatmap_weeks(&by_date, today, OVERVIEW_HEATMAP_DAYS),
+            heatmap_days: OVERVIEW_HEATMAP_DAYS as u32,
+            activity_days_total: by_date.len(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn format_duration(ms: u64, lang: Lang) -> String {
+        if ms < 1000 {
+            fmt_l10n(lang, "dur.ms", &[&ms])
+        } else if ms < 60_000 {
+            fmt_l10n(lang, "dur.sec", &[&format!("{:.1}", ms as f64 / 1000.0)])
+        } else {
+            let minutes = ms / 60_000;
+            let seconds = (ms % 60_000) / 1000;
+            fmt_l10n(lang, "dur.min_sec", &[&minutes, &seconds])
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn overview_provider_cards(ui: &mut egui::Ui, summary: &OverviewSummary, lang: Lang) {
+        ui.columns(2, |columns| {
+            overview_provider_card(
+                &mut columns[0],
+                tr_l10n(lang, "overview.provider_cards"),
+                &summary.asr_provider,
+                summary.asr_configured,
+                lang,
+            );
+            overview_provider_card(
+                &mut columns[1],
+                tr_l10n(lang, "overview.provider_cards_llm"),
+                &summary.llm_provider,
+                summary.llm_configured,
+                lang,
+            );
+        });
+    }
+
+    fn overview_provider_card(
+        ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+        kind: &str,
+        provider: &str,
+        configured: bool,
+        lang: Lang,
+    ) {
+        egui::Frame::group(ui.style()).show(ui, |ui| {
+            ui.set_min_width(140.0);
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(kind).weak());
+            let name = if provider.is_empty() {
+                tr_l10n(lang, "overview.not_set").to_string()
+            } else {
+                provider.to_string()
+            };
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(name).strong());
+            if configured {
+                ui.colored_label(
+                    egui::Color32::from_rgb(60, 160, 90),
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "overview.configured_dot"),
+                );
+            } else {
+                ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "overview.unconfigured"));
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    fn overview_metric(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, value: String, trend: &str) {
+        ui.vertical(|ui| {
+            ui.set_min_width(120.0);
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).weak());
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(value).strong().size(18.0));
+            if !trend.is_empty() {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(trend).small().weak());
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    fn overview_metric_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, summary: &OverviewSummary, lang: Lang) {
+        let latency_trend = if summary.segments_today > 0 {
+            "".to_string()
+        } else {
+            tr_l10n(lang, "metric.no_data_today").to_string()
+        };
+        egui::Grid::new("overview_metric_row")
+            .num_columns(4)
+            .spacing([16.0, 8.0])
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                overview_metric(
+                    ui,
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "metric.chars_today"),
+                    summary.chars_today.to_string(),
+                    &fmt_l10n(lang, "metric.total_segments", &[&summary.segments_today]),
+                );
+                overview_metric(
+                    ui,
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "metric.duration_today"),
+                    format_duration(summary.duration_ms_today, lang),
+                    "",
+                );
+                overview_metric(
+                    ui,
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "metric.avg_latency"),
+                    format_duration(summary.avg_latency_ms, lang),
+                    &latency_trend,
+                );
+                overview_metric(
+                    ui,
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "metric.total"),
+                    summary.history_total.to_string(),
+                    &fmt_l10n(
+                        lang,
+                        "metric.near7",
+                        &[&summary.last_7.segments, &summary.last_30.segments],
+                    ),
+                );
+                ui.end_row();
+            });
+    }
+
+    fn overview_recent(ui: &mut egui::Ui, summary: &OverviewSummary, lang: Lang) {
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tr_l10n(lang, "heading.recent")).strong());
+        if summary.recent.is_empty() {
+            ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "overview.recent_empty"));
+            return;
+        }
+        for entry in &summary.recent {
+            egui::Frame::group(ui.style()).show(ui, |ui| {
+                ui.label(format!(
+                    "{} · {}",
+                    entry.created_at,
+                    format_duration(entry.duration_ms.unwrap_or(0), lang)
+                ));
+                let text = if entry.final_text.trim().is_empty() {
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "overview.no_text").to_string()
+                } else {
+                    entry.final_text.clone()
+                };
+                ui.label(text);
+            });
+            ui.add_space(4.0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn heat_color(count: u32) -> egui::Color32 {
+        match count {
+            0 => egui::Color32::from_gray(60),
+            1..=2 => egui::Color32::from_rgb(80, 140, 220),
+            3..=5 => egui::Color32::from_rgb(90, 120, 235),
+            6..=10 => egui::Color32::from_rgb(110, 100, 235),
+            _ => egui::Color32::from_rgb(150, 90, 235),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn overview_heatmap(ui: &mut egui::Ui, summary: &OverviewSummary, lang: Lang) {
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tr_l10n(lang, "overview.heatmap_title")).strong());
+        let weeks = &summary.heatmap_weeks;
+        if weeks.is_empty() {
+            ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "overview.heatmap_empty"));
+            return;
+        }
+        let cell = 10.0f32;
+        let gap = 2.0f32;
+        let width = gap + weeks.len() as f32 * (cell + gap);
+        let height = gap + 7.0f32 * (cell + gap);
+        let (rect, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, height), egui::Sense::hover());
+        let painter = ui.painter();
+        for (column, week) in weeks.iter().enumerate() {
+            for (row, count) in week.iter().enumerate() {
+                let min = egui::pos2(
+                    rect.left() + gap + column as f32 * (cell + gap),
+                    rect.top() + gap + row as f32 * (cell + gap),
+                );
+                painter.rect_filled(
+                    egui::Rect::from_min_size(min, egui::vec2(cell, cell)),
+                    2.0,
+                    heat_color(*count),
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "overview.heatmap_less"));
+            for count in [0u32, 1, 4, 8, 15] {
+                let (swatch, _) =
+                    ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(10.0, 10.0), egui::Sense::hover());
+                ui.painter().rect_filled(swatch, 2.0, heat_color(count));
+            }
+            ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "overview.heatmap_more"));
+            ui.label(fmt_l10n(
+                lang,
+                "overview.heatmap_footnote",
+                &[&summary.heatmap_days, &summary.activity_days_total],
+            ));
+        });
+    }
+
     #[derive(Clone)]
     struct ProviderEditor {
         kind: openless_core::ChannelKind,
@@ -79,7 +562,6 @@ mod linux_app {
         model: String,
         auth_mode: String,
         resource_id: String,
-        app_id: String,
         // Secret inputs are intentionally write-only. Loading an editor never
         // exposes an existing key into egui state, logs or screenshots.
         primary_secret: String,
@@ -98,21 +580,18 @@ mod linux_app {
     }
 
     pub struct OpenLessEguiApp {
-        navigation: Navigation,
-        environment: Option<LinuxCapabilitySnapshot>,
-        environment_refreshing: bool,
-        plugin_check: Option<Result<FcitxPluginStatus, String>>,
-        less_computer_running: bool,
-        remote_error: Option<String>,
         tokio: Arc<tokio::runtime::Runtime>,
         native: Option<LinuxNativeRuntime>,
         subscription: Option<openless_core::EventSubscription>,
         snapshot: Option<BackendSnapshot>,
         preferences: Option<UserPreferences>,
-        models: ModelsState,
+        settings_dirty: SettingsDirty,
+        overview: OverviewState,
+        microphones: Vec<openless_core::MicrophoneDevice>,
         transcript: String,
         transcript_state: TranscriptAccumulator,
         transcript_session: Option<openless_core::SessionId>,
+        recording_phase_active: bool,
         last_event_sequence: u64,
         less_computer_input: String,
         less_computer_output: String,
@@ -134,8 +613,46 @@ mod linux_app {
         new_provider_type: String,
         new_channel_name: String,
         pending_channel_delete: Option<String>,
+        vocabulary: Vec<openless_core::DictionaryEntry>,
+        correction_rules: Vec<openless_core::CorrectionRule>,
+        style_packs: Vec<openless_core::StylePack>,
+        vocabulary_phrase: String,
+        vocabulary_note: String,
+        correction_pattern: String,
+        correction_replacement: String,
+        vocab_preset_store: openless_core::VocabPresetStore,
+        vocab_presets: Vec<openless_core::VocabPreset>,
+        vocab_preset_name: String,
+        vocab_preset_phrases: String,
+        history_search: String,
+        qa_popup: Option<PopupSupervisor>,
+        preview_popup: Option<PopupSupervisor>,
+        capsule_popup: Option<PopupSupervisor>,
+        popup_action_guard: PopupActionGuard,
+        tray: Option<openless_linux_egui::LinuxTray>,
+        exit_requested: bool,
+        update_support: LinuxUpdateSupport,
+        update_schedule: UpdateSchedule,
+        update_started: std::time::Instant,
+        update_manifest: Option<UpdateManifest>,
+        update_busy: bool,
+        update_progress: Option<openless_linux_egui::DownloadProgress>,
+        marketplace_items: Vec<openless_core::MarketplaceListItem>,
+        marketplace_query: String,
+        marketplace_flow: Option<openless_core::OAuthDeviceFlow>,
+        marketplace_detail: Option<openless_core::MarketplaceDetail>,
+        marketplace_my_packs: Vec<openless_core::MarketplaceMyPackItem>,
+        marketplace_my_likes: Vec<String>,
+        style_editor: Option<openless_core::StylePack>,
+        style_hotkey_pack_id: String,
+        style_hotkey_primary: String,
+        style_hotkey_modifiers: String,
         status: String,
         startup_error: Option<String>,
+        locale_pref: LocalePref,
+        lang: Lang,
+        active_page: shell::Page,
+        frontend_vm: FrontendViewModel,
         tx: mpsc::Sender<UiResult>,
         rx: mpsc::Receiver<UiResult>,
     }
@@ -144,8 +661,18 @@ mod linux_app {
         fn new(
             tokio: Arc<tokio::runtime::Runtime>,
             native: Result<LinuxNativeRuntime, String>,
+            tray: Option<openless_linux_egui::LinuxTray>,
+            update_support: LinuxUpdateSupport,
         ) -> Self {
             let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();
+            let locale_pref = load_locale_pref();
+            let lang = locale_pref.resolve();
+            if let Some(tray) = tray.as_ref() {
+                // The tray renders labels in the resolved UI language. It runs
+                // in its own worker, so push the resolved language through the
+                // same control channel that updates microphone checkmarks.
+                let _ = tray.set_lang(lang);
+            }
             match native {
                 Ok(native) => {
                     let backend = native.host().backend();
@@ -153,21 +680,18 @@ mod linux_app {
                     let preferences = backend.get_preferences();
                     let subscription = backend.subscribe();
                     let app = Self {
-                        navigation: Navigation::default(),
-                        environment: None,
-                        environment_refreshing: false,
-                        plugin_check: None,
-                        less_computer_running: false,
-                        remote_error: None,
                         tokio,
                         native: Some(native),
                         subscription: Some(subscription),
                         snapshot: Some(snapshot),
                         preferences: Some(preferences),
-                        models: ModelsState::Loading,
+                        settings_dirty: SettingsDirty::default(),
+                        overview: OverviewState::Loading,
+                        microphones: Vec::new(),
                         transcript: String::new(),
                         transcript_state: TranscriptAccumulator::default(),
                         transcript_session: None,
+                        recording_phase_active: false,
                         last_event_sequence: 0,
                         less_computer_input: String::new(),
                         less_computer_output: String::new(),
@@ -189,32 +713,69 @@ mod linux_app {
                         new_provider_type: String::new(),
                         new_channel_name: String::new(),
                         pending_channel_delete: None,
-                        status: "Core 2.0 已启动".to_string(),
+                        vocabulary: Vec::new(),
+                        correction_rules: Vec::new(),
+                        style_packs: Vec::new(),
+                        vocabulary_phrase: String::new(),
+                        vocabulary_note: String::new(),
+                        correction_pattern: String::new(),
+                        correction_replacement: String::new(),
+                        vocab_preset_store: openless_core::VocabPresetStore::default(),
+                        vocab_presets: Vec::new(),
+                        vocab_preset_name: String::new(),
+                        vocab_preset_phrases: String::new(),
+                        history_search: String::new(),
+                        qa_popup: None,
+                        preview_popup: None,
+                        capsule_popup: None,
+                        popup_action_guard: PopupActionGuard::default(),
+                        tray,
+                        exit_requested: false,
+                        update_support,
+                        update_schedule: UpdateSchedule::new(Duration::ZERO),
+                        update_started: std::time::Instant::now(),
+                        update_manifest: None,
+                        update_busy: false,
+                        update_progress: None,
+                        marketplace_items: Vec::new(),
+                        marketplace_query: String::new(),
+                        marketplace_flow: None,
+                        marketplace_detail: None,
+                        marketplace_my_packs: Vec::new(),
+                        marketplace_my_likes: Vec::new(),
+                        style_editor: None,
+                        style_hotkey_pack_id: String::new(),
+                        style_hotkey_primary: String::new(),
+                        style_hotkey_modifiers: String::new(),
+                        status: tr_l10n(lang, "status.core_started").to_string(),
                         startup_error: None,
+                        locale_pref,
+                        lang,
+                        active_page: shell::Page::Overview,
+                        frontend_vm: FrontendViewModel::default(),
                         tx,
                         rx,
                     };
-                    app.load_models();
                     app.load_remote_status();
                     app.load_providers(openless_core::ChannelKind::Asr);
+                    app.load_library();
+                    app.load_microphones();
+                    app.load_overview();
                     app
                 }
                 Err(error) => Self {
-                    navigation: Navigation::default(),
-                    environment: None,
-                    environment_refreshing: false,
-                    plugin_check: None,
-                    less_computer_running: false,
-                    remote_error: None,
                     tokio,
                     native: None,
                     subscription: None,
                     snapshot: None,
                     preferences: None,
-                    models: ModelsState::Loading,
+                    settings_dirty: SettingsDirty::default(),
+                    overview: OverviewState::Loading,
+                    microphones: Vec::new(),
                     transcript: String::new(),
                     transcript_state: TranscriptAccumulator::default(),
                     transcript_session: None,
+                    recording_phase_active: false,
                     last_event_sequence: 0,
                     less_computer_input: String::new(),
                     less_computer_output: String::new(),
@@ -236,8 +797,46 @@ mod linux_app {
                     new_provider_type: String::new(),
                     new_channel_name: String::new(),
                     pending_channel_delete: None,
-                    status: "启动失败".to_string(),
+                    vocabulary: Vec::new(),
+                    correction_rules: Vec::new(),
+                    style_packs: Vec::new(),
+                    vocabulary_phrase: String::new(),
+                    vocabulary_note: String::new(),
+                    correction_pattern: String::new(),
+                    correction_replacement: String::new(),
+                    vocab_preset_store: openless_core::VocabPresetStore::default(),
+                    vocab_presets: Vec::new(),
+                    vocab_preset_name: String::new(),
+                    vocab_preset_phrases: String::new(),
+                    history_search: String::new(),
+                    qa_popup: None,
+                    preview_popup: None,
+                    capsule_popup: None,
+                    popup_action_guard: PopupActionGuard::default(),
+                    tray,
+                    exit_requested: false,
+                    update_support,
+                    update_schedule: UpdateSchedule::new(Duration::ZERO),
+                    update_started: std::time::Instant::now(),
+                    update_manifest: None,
+                    update_busy: false,
+                    update_progress: None,
+                    marketplace_items: Vec::new(),
+                    marketplace_query: String::new(),
+                    marketplace_flow: None,
+                    marketplace_detail: None,
+                    marketplace_my_packs: Vec::new(),
+                    marketplace_my_likes: Vec::new(),
+                    style_editor: None,
+                    style_hotkey_pack_id: String::new(),
+                    style_hotkey_primary: String::new(),
+                    style_hotkey_modifiers: String::new(),
+                    status: tr_l10n(lang, "status.startup_failed").to_string(),
                     startup_error: Some(error),
+                    locale_pref,
+                    lang,
+                    active_page: shell::Page::Overview,
+                    frontend_vm: FrontendViewModel::default(),
                     tx,
                     rx,
                 },
@@ -250,1847 +849,4762 @@ mod linux_app {
                 .map(|native| Arc::clone(native.host().backend()))
         }
 
-        fn spawn<F>(&self, future: F)
-        where
-            F: Future<Output = Result<String, BackendError>> + Send + 'static,
-        {
-            let tx = self.tx.clone();
-            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
-                let message = future.await.unwrap_or_else(|error| error.to_string());
-                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Message(message));
-            });
+        fn popup_slot(&mut self, kind: PopupKind) -> &mut Option<PopupSupervisor> {
+            match kind {
+                PopupKind::Qa => &mut self.qa_popup,
+                PopupKind::Preview => &mut self.preview_popup,
+                PopupKind::Capsule => &mut self.capsule_popup,
+            }
         }
 
-        fn load_models(&self) {
-            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+        fn ensure_popup(&mut self, kind: PopupKind) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            if self.popup_slot(kind).is_some() {
                 return;
-            };
-            let tx = self.tx.clone();
-            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
-                let models = backend
-                    .services()
-                    .local_asr
-                    .list_models(LocalAsrRuntime::Generic)
-                    .await
-                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
-                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Models(models));
-            });
+            }
+            match std::env::current_exe() {
+                Ok(executable) => {
+                    self.popup_action_guard.reset(kind);
+                    let supervisor = PopupSupervisor::spawn(self.tokio.handle(), executable, kind);
+                    *self.popup_slot(kind) = Some(supervisor);
+                }
+                Err(error) => self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "popup.start_failed", &[&error]),
+            }
         }
 
-        fn load_remote_status(&self) {
-            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
-                return;
-            };
-            let tx = self.tx.clone();
-            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
-                let result = async {
-                    let status = backend.services().remote_input.status()?;
-                    let pin = if status.enabled {
-                        backend
-                            .services()
-                            .remote_input
-                            .read_pairing_pin()
-                            .await?
-                            .into_exposed()
-                    } else {
-                        String::new()
-                    };
-                    Ok::<_, BackendError>((status, pin))
+        fn send_popup(&mut self, kind: PopupKind, message: HostToPopup) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            let retry = message.clone();
+            if let Some(supervisor) = self.popup_slot(kind) {
+                if let Err(error) = supervisor.try_send(message) {
+                    self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "popup.channel_rebuild", &[&format!("{error:?}")]);
+                    *self.popup_slot(kind) = None;
+                    self.ensure_popup(kind);
+                    if let Some(supervisor) = self.popup_slot(kind) {
+                        if let Err(retry_error) = supervisor.try_send(retry) {
+                            self.status = fmt_l10n(
+                                lang,
+                                "popup.recover_failed",
+                                &[&format!("{retry_error:?}")],
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
-                .await
-                .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
-                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Remote(result));
-            });
+            }
         }
 
-        fn load_providers(&self, kind: openless_core::ChannelKind) {
-            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
-                return;
-            };
-            let tx = self.tx.clone();
-            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
-                let result = async {
-                    let provider_kind = provider_kind(kind);
-                    let mut channels = backend.list_channels(kind).await?;
-                    channels.sort_by_key(|channel| channel.order);
-                    Ok::<_, BackendError>(ProviderPanel {
-                        kind,
-                        descriptors: openless_core::provider_rules::provider_descriptors(
-                            provider_kind,
-                        ),
-                        channels,
-                        active_provider: backend.active_provider(provider_slot(kind)).await?,
-                    })
-                }
-                .await
-                .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
-                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Providers(result));
-            });
+        fn hide_popup(&mut self, kind: PopupKind, session_id: String, sequence: u64) {
+            self.send_popup(
+                kind,
+                HostToPopup::Hide {
+                    version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                    session_id,
+                    sequence,
+                },
+            );
         }
 
-        fn load_provider_editor(
-            &self,
-            kind: openless_core::ChannelKind,
-            channel: openless_core::ChannelSummary,
-            descriptor: openless_core::ProviderDescriptor,
-        ) {
-            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+        fn expected_popup_session(&self, kind: PopupKind) -> Option<String> {
+            match kind {
+                PopupKind::Qa => self
+                    .qa_state
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|state| state.session_id.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| "qa".to_string())),
+                PopupKind::Preview => self
+                    .selection
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .and_then(|selection| selection.session_id)
+                    .map(|session_id| session_id.to_string()),
+                PopupKind::Capsule => self
+                    .snapshot
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .and_then(|snapshot| snapshot.dictation.session_id)
+                    .map(|session_id| session_id.to_string()),
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn show_qa_popup(&mut self) {
+            self.ensure_popup(PopupKind::Qa);
+            let Some(state) = self.qa_state.clone() else {
                 return;
             };
-            let tx = self.tx.clone();
-            let channel_id = channel.id.clone();
-            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
-                let result = load_provider_editor(backend, kind, channel, descriptor)
-                    .await
-                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
-                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::ProviderEditor {
-                    kind,
-                    channel_id,
-                    result: Box::new(result),
-                });
-            });
+            self.send_popup(
+                PopupKind::Qa,
+                HostToPopup::QaSnapshot {
+                    version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                    session_id: state.session_id.unwrap_or_else(|| "qa".to_string()),
+                    sequence: self.last_event_sequence.saturating_mul(2),
+                    phase: format!("{:?}", state.kind),
+                    messages: state
+                        .messages
+                        .unwrap_or_default()
+                        .into_iter()
+                        .map(|message| PopupChatMessage {
+                            role: message.role,
+                            content: message.content,
+                            selection_text: message.selection_text,
+                        })
+                        .collect(),
+                    selection_preview: state.selection_preview,
+                    streaming_answer: state.chunk.unwrap_or_default(),
+                    error: state.error,
+                },
+            );
         }
 
-        fn spawn_provider_mutation<F>(&self, future: F)
-        where
-            F: Future<Output = Result<String, BackendError>> + Send + 'static,
-        {
-            let tx = self.tx.clone();
-            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
-                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::ProviderMutation(
-                    future.await.map_err(|error| error.to_string()),
-                ));
-            });
+        fn show_selection_popup(&mut self) {
+            self.ensure_popup(PopupKind::Preview);
+            let Some(selection) = self.selection.clone() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let Some(session_id) = selection.session_id else {
+                return;
+            };
+            self.send_popup(
+                PopupKind::Preview,
+                HostToPopup::Preview {
+                    version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                    session_id: session_id.to_string(),
+                    sequence: self.last_event_sequence.saturating_mul(2),
+                    text: selection.preview_text.unwrap_or_default(),
+                    source: selection.source_text.unwrap_or_default(),
+                },
+            );
         }
 
-        fn request_provider_models(&self, kind: openless_core::ChannelKind, channel_id: String) {
-            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+        fn show_capsule_popup(&mut self) {
+            self.ensure_popup(PopupKind::Capsule);
+            let Some(snapshot) = self
+                .snapshot
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|snapshot| snapshot.dictation.clone())
+            else {
                 return;
             };
-            let tx = self.tx.clone();
-            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
-                let result = backend
-                    .services()
-                    .provider
-                    .list_models(openless_core::ProviderRequest {
-                        thinking_enabled: backend.get_preferences().llm_thinking_enabled,
-                        kind: provider_kind(kind),
-                        channel_id: Some(channel_id.clone()),
-                    })
-                    .await
-                    .map(|models| models.models)
-                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
-                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::ProviderModels {
-                    kind,
-                    channel_id,
-                    result,
-                });
-            });
+            let Some(session_id) = snapshot.session_id else {
+                return;
+            };
+            self.send_popup(
+                PopupKind::Capsule,
+                HostToPopup::Capsule {
+                    version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                    session_id: session_id.to_string(),
+                    sequence: self.last_event_sequence.saturating_mul(2),
+                    phase: format!("{:?}", snapshot.phase),
+                    text: snapshot.message.unwrap_or_default(),
+                    audio_level: Some(snapshot.level),
+                },
+            );
         }
 
-        fn apply_event(&mut self, event: BackendEvent) {
-            if event.sequence <= self.last_event_sequence {
-                return;
-            }
-            self.last_event_sequence = event.sequence;
-            let session_id = event.session_id;
-            match event.kind {
-                BackendEventKind::DictationStateChanged(state) => {
-                    self.navigation.notify(Page::Dictation);
-                    if state.phase == DictationPhase::Starting {
-                        self.transcript_state = TranscriptAccumulator::default();
-                        self.transcript.clear();
-                        self.transcript_session = state.session_id;
-                    }
-                    self.status = format!("听写：{:?}", state.phase);
-                }
-                BackendEventKind::TranscriptDelta(delta)
-                    if session_id == self.transcript_session =>
-                {
-                    if self.transcript_state.apply(&delta).is_ok() {
-                        self.transcript = self.transcript_state.text().to_string();
+        fn poll_popup_supervisors(&mut self) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            let mut events = Vec::new();
+            for kind in [PopupKind::Qa, PopupKind::Preview, PopupKind::Capsule] {
+                if let Some(supervisor) = self.popup_slot(kind) {
+                    while let Ok(event) = supervisor.try_recv() {
+                        events.push((kind, event));
                     }
                 }
-                BackendEventKind::PolishDelta(delta) if delta.is_final => {
-                    self.transcript = delta.text;
-                }
-                BackendEventKind::DictationCompleted(result) => {
-                    self.navigation.notify(Page::Dictation);
-                    self.transcript = result.polished_text;
-                    self.status = format!("听写完成：{:?}", result.inserted);
-                }
-                BackendEventKind::RecordingControlRequested(request) => {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            match request.action {
-                                openless_core::RecordingControlAction::Stop => {
-                                    backend.stop_dictation_session(request.session_id).await?;
-                                }
-                                openless_core::RecordingControlAction::Cancel => {
-                                    backend.cancel_dictation(Some(request.session_id)).await?;
-                                }
-                            }
-                            Ok("录音已自动结束".to_string())
-                        });
+            }
+            for (kind, event) in events {
+                if let PopupSupervisorEvent::Message(message) = &event {
+                    let Some(expected_session) = self.expected_popup_session(kind) else {
+                        self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "popup.ignore_no_session").to_string();
+                        continue;
+                    };
+                    if !self
+                        .popup_action_guard
+                        .accept(kind, message, &expected_session)
+                    {
+                        self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "popup.ignore_stale").to_string();
+                        continue;
                     }
                 }
-                BackendEventKind::LessComputerEvent(event) => {
-                    // Voice capture has its own session, preceding a chat User
-                    // turn. Keep a navigation notice without assigning it to
-                    // the current chat or inventing microphone readiness.
-                    if matches!(&event.kind, LessComputerEventKind::VoiceState { .. }) {
-                        self.navigation.notify(Page::Agent);
-                        return;
-                    }
-                    // Less Computer events may complete after a newer turn has
-                    // already started. Session ownership, not arrival time,
-                    // decides whether a delta/terminal may mutate this view.
-                    if let LessComputerEventKind::User { text, fresh } = &event.kind {
-                        // Every User starts a new turn UUID, including a
-                        // continuation. `fresh` describes conversation history,
-                        // never whether this turn is allowed to receive output.
-                        self.less_computer_session = session_id;
-                        self.less_computer_running = true;
-                        self.pending_approval = None;
-                        if *fresh {
-                            self.less_computer_output.clear();
-                        } else if !self.less_computer_output.is_empty() {
-                            self.less_computer_output.push_str("\n\n");
+                match event {
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::Message(PopupToHost::SubmitQa {
+                        session_id,
+                        text,
+                        ..
+                    }) if self
+                        .qa_state
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .and_then(|state| state.session_id.as_deref())
+                        == Some(session_id.as_str()) =>
+                    {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                backend.services().qa.submit_text(text).await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "qa.submitted").to_string())
+                            });
                         }
-                        self.less_computer_turn_start = self.less_computer_output.len();
-                        self.less_computer_input = text.clone();
-                    } else if session_id != self.less_computer_session {
-                        return;
                     }
-                    self.navigation.notify(Page::Agent);
-                    match event.kind {
-                        // Linux已有独立录音显示；新typed反馈供接手Host/UI团队继续接入。
-                        LessComputerEventKind::VoiceState { .. } => {}
-                        LessComputerEventKind::User { .. } => {}
-                        LessComputerEventKind::Started => {
-                            self.less_computer_running = true;
-                            self.status = "Less Computer 正在运行".to_string();
-                        }
-                        LessComputerEventKind::Delta { text } => {
-                            self.less_computer_output.push_str(&text);
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::Message(PopupToHost::ToggleQaRecording {
+                        session_id,
+                        ..
+                    }) if self
+                        .qa_state
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .and_then(|state| state.session_id.as_deref())
+                        == Some(session_id.as_str()) =>
+                    {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                backend.services().qa.toggle_recording().await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "qa.recording_updated").to_string())
+                            });
                         }
-                        LessComputerEventKind::Tool { name } => {
-                            self.status = format!("Less Computer 正在使用工具：{name}");
+                    }
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::Message(PopupToHost::DismissQa {
+                        session_id, ..
+                    }) if self
+                        .qa_state
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .and_then(|state| state.session_id.as_deref())
+                        == Some(session_id.as_str()) =>
+                    {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                backend.services().qa.dismiss().await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "qa.closed").to_string())
+                            });
                         }
-                        LessComputerEventKind::Compaction => {
-                            self.status = "Less Computer 已压缩上下文".to_string();
+                    }
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::Message(PopupToHost::ConfirmPreview {
+                        session_id,
+                        text,
+                        ..
+                    }) => match session_id.parse::<uuid::Uuid>() {
+                        Ok(session_id) => {
+                            let session_id = openless_core::SessionId::from_uuid(session_id);
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    backend
+                                        .services()
+                                        .selection
+                                        .confirm(session_id, Some(text))
+                                        .await?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "selection.replaced").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
                         }
-                        LessComputerEventKind::Completed { text, .. } => {
-                            self.less_computer_running = false;
-                            // A terminal is authoritative even for final-only
-                            // providers or after a missed partial event.
-                            self.less_computer_output
-                                .truncate(self.less_computer_turn_start);
-                            self.less_computer_output.push_str(&text);
-                            self.pending_approval = None;
-                            self.status = "Less Computer 已完成".to_string();
+                        Err(error) => {
+                            self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "popup.session_invalid", &[&error])
                         }
-                        LessComputerEventKind::Approval { token, command, .. } => {
-                            self.pending_approval = Some((token, command));
-                            self.status = "Less Computer 等待审批".to_string();
+                    },
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::Message(PopupToHost::CancelPreview {
+                        session_id,
+                        ..
+                    }) => match session_id.parse::<uuid::Uuid>() {
+                        Ok(session_id) => {
+                            let session_id = openless_core::SessionId::from_uuid(session_id);
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    backend
+                                        .services()
+                                        .selection
+                                        .cancel(Some(session_id))
+                                        .await?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "selection.cancelled").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
                         }
-                        LessComputerEventKind::Error { message } => {
-                            self.less_computer_running = false;
-                            self.pending_approval = None;
-                            self.status = message;
+                        Err(error) => {
+                            self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "popup.session_invalid", &[&error])
                         }
-                        LessComputerEventKind::Cancelled => {
-                            self.less_computer_running = false;
-                            self.pending_approval = None;
-                            self.status = "Less Computer 已取消".to_string();
+                    },
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::Message(PopupToHost::Ready { .. }) => match kind {
+                        PopupKind::Qa => self.show_qa_popup(),
+                        PopupKind::Preview => self.show_selection_popup(),
+                        PopupKind::Capsule => self.show_capsule_popup(),
+                    },
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::Message(PopupToHost::DismissCapsule { .. }) => {
+                        if let Some(snapshot) = self.snapshot.as_mut() {
+                            snapshot.dictation.message = None;
                         }
                     }
-                }
-                BackendEventKind::LocalAsrDownloadProgress(progress) => {
-                    self.navigation.notify(Page::Models);
-                    self.status = format!(
-                        "模型 {}：{:?} {}/{}",
-                        progress.model_id,
-                        progress.phase,
-                        progress.bytes_downloaded,
-                        progress.bytes_total
-                    );
-                    if matches!(
-                        progress.phase,
-                        openless_core::LocalAsrDownloadPhase::Finished
-                            | openless_core::LocalAsrDownloadPhase::Failed
-                            | openless_core::LocalAsrDownloadPhase::Cancelled
-                    ) {
-                        self.models = ModelsState::Loading;
-                        self.load_models();
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::Message(
+                        PopupToHost::SubmitQa { .. }
+                        | PopupToHost::ToggleQaRecording { .. }
+                        | PopupToHost::DismissQa { .. },
+                    ) => {
+                        self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "popup.ignore_late_qa").to_string();
                     }
-                }
-                BackendEventKind::PreferencesChanged(_) => {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.preferences = Some(backend.get_preferences());
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::ProtocolError(error) => {
+                        self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "popup.protocol_error", &[&error]);
                     }
-                    self.load_remote_status();
-                }
-                BackendEventKind::QaState(state) => {
-                    if state.kind == QaStateKind::AnswerDelta {
-                        if let Some(current) = self
-                            .qa_state
-                            .as_mut()
-                            .filter(|current| current.session_id == state.session_id)
-                        {
-                            self.navigation.notify(Page::Qa);
-                            // Core deltas deliberately omit messages. Preserve
-                            // the conversation and append only this turn's text;
-                            // the following Answer replaces it with Core history.
-                            current.kind = state.kind;
-                            current
-                                .chunk
-                                .get_or_insert_with(String::new)
-                                .push_str(state.chunk.as_deref().unwrap_or_default());
-                        }
-                    } else if matches!(
-                        state.kind,
-                        QaStateKind::Idle
-                            | QaStateKind::Loading
-                            | QaStateKind::Thinking
-                            | QaStateKind::Recording
-                    ) || self
-                        .qa_state
-                        .as_ref()
-                        .is_none_or(|current| current.session_id == state.session_id)
-                    {
-                        self.navigation.notify(Page::Qa);
-                        self.qa_state = Some(state);
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::SpawnFailed(error) => {
+                        self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "popup.spawn_failed", &[&error]);
+                        *self.popup_slot(kind) = None;
                     }
-                }
-                BackendEventKind::SelectionStateChanged(snapshot) => {
-                    self.navigation.notify(Page::Selection);
-                    if snapshot.phase == SelectionPhase::Preview {
-                        self.selection_draft = snapshot.preview_text.clone().unwrap_or_default();
-                        self.selection_preview_visible = true;
+                    PopupSupervisorEvent::Exited { code, crashed } => {
+                        if crashed {
+                            self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "popup.exited", &[&format!("{code:?}")]);
+                        }
+                        *self.popup_slot(kind) = None;
+                        if crashed {
+                            match kind {
+                                PopupKind::Qa if self.qa_visible => self.show_qa_popup(),
+                                PopupKind::Preview if self.selection_preview_visible => {
+                                    self.show_selection_popup();
+                                }
+                                PopupKind::Capsule
+                                    if self.snapshot.as_ref().is_some_and(|snapshot| {
+                                        snapshot.dictation.phase != DictationPhase::Idle
+                                    }) =>
+                                {
+                                    self.show_capsule_popup();
+                                }
+                                _ => {}
+                            }
+                        }
                     }
-                    self.selection = Some(snapshot);
-                }
-                BackendEventKind::RemoteInputStatusChanged(_)
-                | BackendEventKind::RemoteInputFailed(_) => {
-                    self.navigation.notify(Page::Remote);
-                    self.load_remote_status();
                 }
-                _ => {}
             }
         }
 
-        fn poll(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context) {
-            if let Some(native) = &self.native {
-                let (launch_intents, hotkey_events, errors) = native.drain_native_events();
-                let host = native.host_arc();
-                for intent in launch_intents {
-                    let host = Arc::clone(&host);
-                    self.spawn(async move {
-                        host.dispatch_launch_intent(intent).await?;
-                        Ok("已处理启动请求".to_string())
-                    });
-                }
-                for event in hotkey_events {
-                    let host = Arc::clone(&host);
-                    self.spawn(async move {
-                        host.dispatch_hotkey_event(event).await?;
-                        Ok("已处理快捷键".to_string())
-                    });
-                }
-                if let Some(error) = errors.last() {
-                    self.status = error.to_string();
+        fn spawn<F>(&self, future: F)
+        where
+            F: Future<Output = Result<String, BackendError>> + Send + 'static,
+        {
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let message = future.await.unwrap_or_else(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Message(message));
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn load_remote_status(&self) {
+            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let result = async {
+                    let status = backend.services().remote_input.status()?;
+                    let pin = if status.enabled {
+                        backend
+                            .services()
+                            .remote_input
+                            .read_pairing_pin()
+                            .await?
+                            .into_exposed()
+                    } else {
+                        String::new()
+                    };
+                    Ok::<_, BackendError>((status, pin))
                 }
+                .await
+                .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Remote(result));
+            });
+        }
 
-                let mut actions = Vec::new();
-                native.host_actions().drain(|action| actions.push(action));
-                // HostAction controls only native visibility/focus/effects.
-                // QA and Selection contents and terminal ownership always come
-                // back through sequenced Core events handled above.
-                for action in actions {
-                    match action {
-                        HostAction::ShowMain => {
-                            ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Visible(true));
-                        }
-                        HostAction::ShowLessComputer => {
-                            self.navigation.open(Page::Agent);
-                            ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Visible(true));
-                        }
-                        HostAction::FocusMain => {
-                            ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Focus);
-                        }
-                        HostAction::Notify(message) => self.status = message,
-                        HostAction::OpenExternalUrl(url) | HostAction::OpenSystemSettings(url) => {
-                            std::thread::spawn(move || {
-                                let _ = std::process::Command::new("xdg-open").arg(url).status();
+        fn load_providers(&self, kind: openless_core::ChannelKind) {
+            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let result = async {
+                    let provider_kind = provider_kind(kind);
+                    let mut channels = backend.list_channels(kind).await?;
+                    channels.sort_by_key(|channel| channel.order);
+                    Ok::<_, BackendError>(ProviderPanel {
+                        kind,
+                        descriptors: openless_core::provider_rules::provider_descriptors(
+                            provider_kind,
+                        ),
+                        channels,
+                        active_provider: backend.active_provider(provider_slot(kind)).await?,
+                    })
+                }
+                .await
+                .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Providers(result));
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn load_library(&self) {
+            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let result = (|| {
+                    let preferences = backend.get_preferences();
+                    let vocab_preset_store = backend.list_vocabulary_presets()?;
+                    let vocab_presets = openless_core::resolve_vocab_presets(&vocab_preset_store);
+                    Ok::<_, BackendError>(LibraryPanel {
+                        vocabulary: backend.list_vocabulary()?,
+                        correction_rules: backend.list_correction_rules()?,
+                        style_packs: backend.list_style_packs(&preferences.active_style_pack_id)?,
+                        vocab_preset_store,
+                        vocab_presets,
+                    })
+                })()
+                .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Library(result));
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn load_marketplace(&self) {
+            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let query = self.marketplace_query.trim().to_string();
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let result = backend
+                    .services()
+                    .marketplace
+                    .list(openless_core::MarketplaceQuery {
+                        query: (!query.is_empty()).then_some(query),
+                        sort: Some("updated".to_string()),
+                        limit: Some(100),
+                    })
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Marketplace(result));
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn load_marketplace_mine(&self) {
+            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let result = async {
+                    let packs = backend.services().marketplace.my_packs().await?;
+                    let likes = backend.services().marketplace.my_likes().await?;
+                    Ok::<_, BackendError>((packs, likes))
+                }
+                .await
+                .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::MarketplaceMine(result));
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn load_microphones(&self) {
+            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let result = backend
+                    .services()
+                    .platform
+                    .microphone_devices()
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Microphones(result));
+            });
+        }
+
+        /// Load the real Core-backed Overview data off the egui frame. The only
+        /// blocking reads (`list_history`, `list_activity`) are pushed to a
+        /// blocking task so an egui frame never waits on disk/repository IO.
+        fn load_overview(&self) {
+            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let result = async {
+                    let credentials = backend.get_credentials_status().await?;
+                    let history_backend = Arc::clone(&backend);
+                    let activity_backend = Arc::clone(&backend);
+                    let history =
+                        tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || history_backend.list_history())
+                            .await
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })??;
+                    let activity =
+                        tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || activity_backend.list_activity())
+                            .await
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })??;
+                    Ok::<_, BackendError>(OverviewData {
+                        credentials,
+                        history,
+                        activity,
+                    })
+                }
+                .await
+                .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Overview(result));
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn request_update_check(&mut self, channel: openless_core::shared_types::UpdateChannel) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            let LinuxUpdateSupport::AppImage(updater) = self.update_support.clone() else {
+                self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "update.system_managed").to_string();
+                return;
+            };
+            if self.update_busy {
+                return;
+            }
+            self.update_busy = true;
+            self.update_progress = None;
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let result = updater
+                    .check(channel)
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::UpdateCheck(result));
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn install_update(&mut self) {
+            let (LinuxUpdateSupport::AppImage(updater), Some(manifest)) =
+                (self.update_support.clone(), self.update_manifest.clone())
+            else {
+                return;
+            };
+            if self.update_busy {
+                return;
+            }
+            self.update_busy = true;
+            self.update_progress = Some(openless_linux_egui::DownloadProgress {
+                downloaded: 0,
+                content_length: None,
+            });
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let progress_tx = tx.clone();
+                let result = updater
+                    .download_and_install(manifest, move |progress| {
+                        let _ = progress_tx.send(UiResult::UpdateProgress(progress));
+                    })
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::UpdateInstalled(result));
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn drain_tray(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            let mut commands = Vec::new();
+            if let Some(tray) = &self.tray {
+                tray.drain(|command| commands.push(command));
+                if let Some(error) = tray.take_error() {
+                    self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "status.tray_stopped", &[&error]);
+                    self.tray = None;
+                }
+            }
+            for command in commands {
+                match command {
+                    openless_linux_egui::TrayCommand::ShowMain => {
+                        ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Visible(true));
+                        ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Focus);
+                    }
+                    openless_linux_egui::TrayCommand::ActivatePreviousStyle => {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                let pack = backend.activate_previous_style_pack()?;
+                                Ok(match pack {
+                                    Some(pack) => {
+                                        fmt_l10n(lang, "status.style_switched", &[&pack.name])
+                                    }
+                                    None => tr_l10n(lang, "status.no_previous_style").to_string(),
+                                })
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                    openless_linux_egui::TrayCommand::SelectMicrophone(name) => {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            let selected = if name.is_empty() {
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "settings.system_default").to_string()
+                            } else {
+                                name.clone()
+                            };
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                backend.select_microphone_device(name)?;
+                                Ok(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.mic_selected", &[&selected]))
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                    openless_linux_egui::TrayCommand::Quit => {
+                        self.exit_requested = true;
+                        ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn load_provider_editor(
+            &self,
+            kind: openless_core::ChannelKind,
+            channel: openless_core::ChannelSummary,
+            descriptor: openless_core::ProviderDescriptor,
+        ) {
+            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            let channel_id = channel.id.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let result = load_provider_editor(backend, kind, channel, descriptor)
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::ProviderEditor {
+                    kind,
+                    channel_id,
+                    result: Box::new(result),
+                });
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn spawn_provider_mutation<F>(&self, future: F)
+        where
+            F: Future<Output = Result<String, BackendError>> + Send + 'static,
+        {
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::ProviderMutation(
+                    future.await.map_err(|error| error.to_string()),
+                ));
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn request_provider_models(&self, kind: openless_core::ChannelKind, channel_id: String) {
+            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                let result = backend
+                    .services()
+                    .provider
+                    .list_models(openless_core::ProviderRequest {
+                        kind: provider_kind(kind),
+                        thinking_enabled: false,
+                        channel_id: Some(channel_id.clone()),
+                    })
+                    .await
+                    .map(|models| models.models)
+                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::ProviderModels {
+                    kind,
+                    channel_id,
+                    result,
+                });
+            });
+        }
+
+        /// Play the native recording start/stop cue on a worker thread, gated by
+        /// the `audio_cue_on_record` preference. The start cue is additionally
+        /// suppressed while `mute_during_recording` is active: playing into a
+        /// deliberately muted sink is both inaudible and a needless PipeWire/
+        /// KDE sink-input blip. The stop cue plays after output has been
+        /// restored. Absent preferences default to Core's defaults (cue on,
+        /// mute off).
+        fn play_record_cue(&self, at_start: bool) {
+            let enabled = self
+                .preferences
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|prefs| prefs.audio_cue_on_record)
+                .unwrap_or(true);
+            if !enabled {
+                return;
+            }
+            if at_start
+                && self
+                    .preferences
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|prefs| prefs.mute_during_recording)
+                    .unwrap_or(false)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+            if at_start {
+                openless_linux_egui::play_cue_start();
+            } else {
+                openless_linux_egui::play_cue_stop();
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn apply_event(&mut self, event: BackendEvent) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            if event.sequence <= self.last_event_sequence {
+                return;
+            }
+            let event_sequence = event.sequence;
+            self.last_event_sequence = event.sequence;
+            let session_id = event.session_id;
+            match event.kind {
+                BackendEventKind::DictationStateChanged(state) => {
+                    // Native start/stop audio cues are a Linux host effect (no
+                    // webview to synthesize them), gated by `audio_cue_on_record`
+                    // and muted-aware. They must never block this frame, so the
+                    // cue module plays on its own worker thread.
+                    let was_recording = self.recording_phase_active;
+                    self.recording_phase_active = state.phase == DictationPhase::Recording;
+                    if state.phase == DictationPhase::Recording && !was_recording {
+                        self.play_record_cue(true);
+                    } else if !self.recording_phase_active && was_recording {
+                        self.play_record_cue(false);
+                    }
+                    if state.phase == DictationPhase::Starting {
+                        self.transcript_state = TranscriptAccumulator::default();
+                        self.transcript.clear();
+                        self.transcript_session = state.session_id;
+                    }
+                    self.status = fmt_l10n(
+                        lang,
+                        "status.dictation_phase",
+                        &[&format!("{:?}", state.phase)],
+                    );
+                    if let Some(session_id) = state.session_id {
+                        self.send_popup(
+                            PopupKind::Capsule,
+                            HostToPopup::Capsule {
+                                version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                                session_id: session_id.to_string(),
+                                sequence: event_sequence.saturating_mul(2),
+                                phase: format!("{:?}", state.phase),
+                                text: state.message.unwrap_or_default(),
+                                audio_level: Some(state.level),
+                            },
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+                BackendEventKind::TranscriptDelta(delta)
+                    if session_id == self.transcript_session
+                        && self.transcript_state.apply(&delta).is_ok() =>
+                {
+                    self.transcript = self.transcript_state.text().to_string();
+                }
+                BackendEventKind::PolishDelta(delta) if delta.is_final => {
+                    self.transcript = delta.text;
+                }
+                BackendEventKind::DictationCompleted(result) => {
+                    self.transcript = result.polished_text;
+                    self.status = fmt_l10n(
+                        lang,
+                        "status.dictation_done",
+                        &[&format!("{:?}", result.inserted)],
+                    );
+                }
+                BackendEventKind::RecordingControlRequested(request) => {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            match request.action {
+                                openless_core::RecordingControlAction::Stop => {
+                                    backend.stop_dictation_session(request.session_id).await?;
+                                }
+                                openless_core::RecordingControlAction::Cancel => {
+                                    backend.cancel_dictation(Some(request.session_id)).await?;
+                                }
+                            }
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.auto_stopped").to_string())
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                BackendEventKind::LessComputerEvent(event) => {
+                    // Less Computer events may complete after a newer turn has
+                    // already started. Session ownership, not arrival time,
+                    // decides whether a delta/terminal may mutate this view.
+                    if let LessComputerEventKind::User { text, fresh } = &event.kind {
+                        // Every User starts a new turn UUID, including a
+                        // continuation. `fresh` describes conversation history,
+                        // never whether this turn is allowed to receive output.
+                        self.less_computer_session = session_id;
+                        self.pending_approval = None;
+                        if *fresh {
+                            self.less_computer_output.clear();
+                        } else if !self.less_computer_output.is_empty() {
+                            self.less_computer_output.push_str("\n\n");
+                        }
+                        self.less_computer_turn_start = self.less_computer_output.len();
+                        self.less_computer_input = text.clone();
+                    } else if session_id != self.less_computer_session {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    match event.kind {
+                        // Linux已有独立录音显示；新typed反馈供接手Host/UI团队继续接入。
+                        LessComputerEventKind::VoiceState { .. } => {}
+                        LessComputerEventKind::User { .. } => {}
+                        LessComputerEventKind::Started => {
+                            self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "status.less_running").to_string();
+                        }
+                        LessComputerEventKind::Delta { text } => {
+                            self.less_computer_output.push_str(&text);
+                        }
+                        LessComputerEventKind::Tool { name } => {
+                            self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "status.less_tool", &[&name]);
+                        }
+                        LessComputerEventKind::Compaction => {
+                            self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "status.less_compacted").to_string();
+                        }
+                        LessComputerEventKind::Completed { text, .. } => {
+                            // A terminal is authoritative even for final-only
+                            // providers or after a missed partial event.
+                            self.less_computer_output
+                                .truncate(self.less_computer_turn_start);
+                            self.less_computer_output.push_str(&text);
+                            self.pending_approval = None;
+                            self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "less_computer.done").to_string();
+                        }
+                        LessComputerEventKind::Approval { token, command, .. } => {
+                            self.pending_approval = Some((token, command));
+                            self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "status.less_waiting").to_string();
+                        }
+                        LessComputerEventKind::Error { message } => {
+                            self.pending_approval = None;
+                            self.status = message;
+                        }
+                        LessComputerEventKind::Cancelled => {
+                            self.pending_approval = None;
+                            self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "less_computer.cancelled").to_string();
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                BackendEventKind::PreferencesChanged(_) => {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        let latest = backend.get_preferences();
+                        self.preferences = Some(match self.preferences.as_ref() {
+                            Some(draft) if self.settings_dirty.any() => {
+                                self.settings_dirty.merge(&latest, draft)
+                            }
+                            _ => latest,
+                        });
+                    }
+                    self.load_remote_status();
+                    self.load_library();
+                }
+                BackendEventKind::VocabularyChanged(_) | BackendEventKind::StylePacksChanged(_) => {
+                    self.load_library()
+                }
+                BackendEventKind::QaState(state) => {
+                    if state.kind == QaStateKind::AnswerDelta {
+                        if let Some(current) = self
+                            .qa_state
+                            .as_mut()
+                            .filter(|current| current.session_id == state.session_id)
+                        {
+                            // Core deltas deliberately omit messages. Preserve
+                            // the conversation and append only this turn's text;
+                            // the following Answer replaces it with Core history.
+                            current.kind = state.kind;
+                            current
+                                .chunk
+                                .get_or_insert_with(String::new)
+                                .push_str(state.chunk.as_deref().unwrap_or_default());
+                        }
+                    } else if matches!(
+                        state.kind,
+                        QaStateKind::Idle
+                            | QaStateKind::Loading
+                            | QaStateKind::Thinking
+                            | QaStateKind::Recording
+                    ) || self
+                        .qa_state
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .is_none_or(|current| current.session_id == state.session_id)
+                    {
+                        self.qa_state = Some(state);
+                    }
+                    if let Some(state) = self.qa_state.clone() {
+                        let session_id =
+                            state.session_id.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| "qa".to_string());
+                        self.send_popup(
+                            PopupKind::Qa,
+                            HostToPopup::QaSnapshot {
+                                version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                                session_id,
+                                sequence: event_sequence.saturating_mul(2),
+                                phase: format!("{:?}", state.kind),
+                                messages: state
+                                    .messages
+                                    .unwrap_or_default()
+                                    .into_iter()
+                                    .map(|message| PopupChatMessage {
+                                        role: message.role,
+                                        content: message.content,
+                                        selection_text: message.selection_text,
+                                    })
+                                    .collect(),
+                                selection_preview: state.selection_preview,
+                                streaming_answer: state.chunk.unwrap_or_default(),
+                                error: state.error,
+                            },
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+                BackendEventKind::SelectionStateChanged(snapshot) => {
+                    if snapshot.phase == SelectionPhase::Preview {
+                        self.selection_draft = snapshot.preview_text.clone().unwrap_or_default();
+                        self.selection_preview_visible = true;
+                    }
+                    if let Some(session_id) = snapshot.session_id {
+                        self.send_popup(
+                            PopupKind::Preview,
+                            HostToPopup::Preview {
+                                version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                                session_id: session_id.to_string(),
+                                sequence: event_sequence.saturating_mul(2),
+                                text: snapshot.preview_text.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+                                source: snapshot.source_text.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+                            },
+                        );
+                    }
+                    self.selection = Some(snapshot);
+                }
+                BackendEventKind::RemoteInputStatusChanged(_)
+                | BackendEventKind::RemoteInputFailed(_) => self.load_remote_status(),
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn poll(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            if let Some(native) = &self.native {
+                let (launch_intents, hotkey_events, errors) = native.drain_native_events();
+                let host = native.host_arc();
+                for intent in launch_intents {
+                    let host = Arc::clone(&host);
+                    self.spawn(async move {
+                        host.dispatch_launch_intent(intent).await?;
+                        Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.launch_handled").to_string())
+                    });
+                }
+                for event in hotkey_events {
+                    let host = Arc::clone(&host);
+                    self.spawn(async move {
+                        host.dispatch_hotkey_event(event).await?;
+                        Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.hotkey_handled").to_string())
+                    });
+                }
+                if let Some(error) = errors.last() {
+                    self.status = error.to_string();
+                }
+
+                let mut actions = Vec::new();
+                native.host_actions().drain(|action| actions.push(action));
+                // HostAction controls only native visibility/focus/effects.
+                // QA and Selection contents and terminal ownership always come
+                // back through sequenced Core events handled above.
+                for action in actions {
+                    match action {
+                        HostAction::ShowMain | HostAction::ShowLessComputer => {
+                            ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Visible(true));
+                        }
+                        HostAction::FocusMain => {
+                            ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Focus);
+                        }
+                        HostAction::Notify(message) => {
+                            self.status = message.clone();
+                            std::thread::spawn(move || {
+                                if let Err(error) = notify(Notification {
+                                    summary: "OpenLess",
+                                    body: &message,
+                                    icon: "openless",
+                                    timeout_ms: 0,
+                                }) {
+                                    eprintln!("OpenLess desktop notification failed: {error}");
+                                }
+                            });
+                        }
+                        HostAction::OpenExternalUrl(url) | HostAction::OpenSystemSettings(url) => {
+                            std::thread::spawn(move || {
+                                if let Err(error) = open_external(&url) {
+                                    eprintln!("OpenLess external URL failed: {error}");
+                                }
+                            });
+                        }
+                        HostAction::RequestRestart => {
+                            self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "status.request_restart").to_string();
+                        }
+                        HostAction::ShowSelectionPreview => {
+                            self.selection_preview_visible = true;
+                            self.show_selection_popup();
+                        }
+                        HostAction::HideSelectionPreview => {
+                            self.selection_preview_visible = false;
+                            let session_id = self
+                                .selection
+                                .as_ref()
+                                .and_then(|selection| selection.session_id)
+                                .map(|id| id.to_string())
+                                .unwrap_or_else(|| "selection".to_string());
+                            self.hide_popup(
+                                PopupKind::Preview,
+                                session_id,
+                                self.last_event_sequence.saturating_mul(2).saturating_add(1),
+                            );
+                        }
+                        HostAction::ShowQa => {
+                            self.qa_visible = true;
+                            self.show_qa_popup();
+                        }
+                        HostAction::HideQa => {
+                            self.qa_visible = false;
+                            let session_id = self
+                                .qa_state
+                                .as_ref()
+                                .and_then(|state| state.session_id.clone())
+                                .unwrap_or_else(|| "qa".to_string());
+                            self.hide_popup(
+                                PopupKind::Qa,
+                                session_id,
+                                self.last_event_sequence.saturating_mul(2).saturating_add(1),
+                            );
+                        }
+                        HostAction::ShowDictationFeedback => self.show_capsule_popup(),
+                        HostAction::HideDictationFeedback => {
+                            let session_id = self
+                                .snapshot
+                                .as_ref()
+                                .and_then(|snapshot| snapshot.dictation.session_id)
+                                .map(|id| id.to_string())
+                                .unwrap_or_else(|| "dictation".to_string());
+                            self.hide_popup(
+                                PopupKind::Capsule,
+                                session_id,
+                                self.last_event_sequence.saturating_mul(2).saturating_add(1),
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            self.poll_popup_supervisors();
+            let mut events = Vec::new();
+            let drain = self
+                .subscription
+                .as_mut()
+                .map(|subscription| drain_events(subscription, |event| events.push(event)));
+            for event in events {
+                self.apply_event(event);
+            }
+            if let Some(EventDrainOutcome::Lagged { dropped, .. }) = drain {
+                if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                    // Broadcast lag does not imply Core lost the events. Replay
+                    // from the last applied sequence first; duplicate delivery
+                    // from the live receiver is rejected by apply_event above.
+                    let replay = backend.replay_events_after(self.last_event_sequence);
+                    let snapshot = backend.snapshot();
+                    if replay.truncated {
+                        // The bounded tail cannot reconstruct derived text/UI
+                        // state. Reset it before applying the authoritative tail
+                        // so no stale transcript, approval or preview survives.
+                        self.transcript_state = TranscriptAccumulator::default();
+                        self.transcript.clear();
+                        self.transcript_session = snapshot.dictation.session_id;
+                        self.less_computer_input.clear();
+                        self.less_computer_output.clear();
+                        self.less_computer_turn_start = 0;
+                        self.less_computer_session = None;
+                        self.pending_approval = None;
+                        self.qa_state = None;
+                        self.qa_visible = false;
+                        self.selection = None;
+                        self.selection_draft.clear();
+                        self.selection_preview_visible = false;
+                    }
+                    self.snapshot = Some(snapshot);
+                    for event in replay.events {
+                        self.apply_event(event);
+                    }
+                    self.status = if replay.truncated {
+                        fmt_l10n(lang, "status.backlog_reset", &[&dropped])
+                    } else {
+                        fmt_l10n(lang, "status.backlog_replay", &[&dropped])
+                    };
+                }
+            }
+            while let Ok(result) = self.rx.try_recv() {
+                match result {
+                    UiResult::Message(message) => self.status = message,
+                    UiResult::Remote(Ok(remote)) => self.remote_access = Some(remote),
+                    UiResult::Remote(Err(error)) => self.status = error,
+                    UiResult::Providers(Ok(panel)) => {
+                        if panel.kind != self.provider_kind {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        if !panel.descriptors.iter().any(|descriptor| {
+                            descriptor.provider_type.as_str() == self.new_provider_type
+                        }) {
+                            self.new_provider_type = panel
+                                .descriptors
+                                .first()
+                                .map(|descriptor| descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string())
+                                .unwrap_or_default();
+                        }
+                        let selected = self
+                            .selected_channel_id
+                            .as_ref()
+                            .filter(|id| panel.channels.iter().any(|channel| &channel.id == *id))
+                            .cloned()
+                            .or_else(|| {
+                                panel
+                                    .channels
+                                    .iter()
+                                    .find(|channel| channel.id == panel.active_provider)
+                                    .map(|channel| channel.id.clone())
+                            })
+                            .or_else(|| panel.channels.first().map(|channel| channel.id.clone()));
+                        self.selected_channel_id = selected.clone();
+                        if self.pending_channel_delete.as_ref().is_some_and(|id| {
+                            !panel.channels.iter().any(|channel| &channel.id == id)
+                        }) {
+                            self.pending_channel_delete = None;
+                        }
+                        self.providers = ProvidersState::Loaded(panel.clone());
+                        self.provider_models.clear();
+                        if let Some(channel_id) = selected {
+                            if let Some((channel, descriptor)) =
+                                provider_channel_descriptor(&panel, &channel_id)
+                            {
+                                self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Loading {
+                                    kind: panel.kind,
+                                    channel_id,
+                                };
+                                self.load_provider_editor(panel.kind, channel, descriptor);
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Idle;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    UiResult::Providers(Err(error)) => {
+                        self.providers = ProvidersState::Failed(error.clone());
+                        self.status = error;
+                    }
+                    UiResult::ProviderEditor {
+                        kind,
+                        channel_id,
+                        result,
+                    } => {
+                        if kind != self.provider_kind
+                            || self.selected_channel_id.as_deref() != Some(channel_id.as_str())
+                        {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        match *result {
+                            Ok(editor) => {
+                                // Reads race with channel switching and mutation
+                                // refreshes. Only the still-selected channel may install
+                                // its editor, otherwise late credential data is ignored.
+                                self.provider_editor =
+                                    ProviderEditorState::Loaded(Box::new(editor));
+                            }
+                            Err(error) => {
+                                self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Failed(error.clone());
+                                self.status = error;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    UiResult::ProviderModels {
+                        kind,
+                        channel_id,
+                        result,
+                    } => {
+                        if kind == self.provider_kind
+                            && self.selected_channel_id.as_deref() == Some(channel_id.as_str())
+                        {
+                            match result {
+                                Ok(models) => {
+                                    self.status = fmt_l10n(
+                                        lang,
+                                        "status.provider_models_loaded",
+                                        &[&models.len()],
+                                    );
+                                    self.provider_models = models;
+                                }
+                                Err(error) => self.status = error,
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    UiResult::ProviderMutation(result) => {
+                        match result {
+                            Ok(message) => self.status = message,
+                            Err(error) => self.status = error,
+                        }
+                        self.providers = ProvidersState::Loading;
+                        self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Idle;
+                        self.provider_models.clear();
+                        self.load_providers(self.provider_kind);
+                    }
+                    UiResult::Library(Ok(library)) => {
+                        self.vocabulary = library.vocabulary;
+                        self.correction_rules = library.correction_rules;
+                        self.style_packs = library.style_packs;
+                        self.vocab_preset_store = library.vocab_preset_store;
+                        self.vocab_presets = library.vocab_presets;
+                    }
+                    UiResult::Library(Err(error)) => self.status = error,
+                    UiResult::SettingsSaved(result) => match *result {
+                        Ok(outcome) => {
+                            self.preferences = Some(outcome.preferences.clone());
+                            if let Some(native) = &self.native {
+                                self.snapshot = Some(native.host().snapshot());
+                            }
+                            self.settings_dirty = SettingsDirty::default();
+                            self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "status.settings_saved").to_string();
+                            // Appearance (e.g. the Overview heatmap toggle) and any
+                            // provider/credential edits may change Overview state.
+                            self.load_overview();
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let config = openless_core::RemoteInputConfig {
+                                    enabled: outcome.preferences.remote_input_enabled,
+                                    port: outcome.preferences.remote_input_port,
+                                };
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    backend.services().remote_input.configure(config).await?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.remote_updated").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                        Err(error) => self.status = error,
+                    },
+                    UiResult::Marketplace(Ok(items)) => {
+                        self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "status.marketplace_loaded", &[&items.len()]);
+                        self.marketplace_items = items;
+                    }
+                    UiResult::Marketplace(Err(error)) => self.status = error,
+                    UiResult::MarketplaceFlow(Ok(flow)) => {
+                        self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "status.device_code", &[&flow.user_code]);
+                        self.marketplace_flow = Some(flow);
+                    }
+                    UiResult::MarketplaceFlow(Err(error)) => self.status = error,
+                    UiResult::MarketplaceAuthPoll(Ok(result)) => match result {
+                        openless_core::OAuthPollResult::Authorized { login } => {
+                            self.marketplace_flow = None;
+                            self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "status.logged_in", &[&login]);
+                        }
+                        openless_core::OAuthPollResult::Pending => {
+                            self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "status.oauth_pending").to_string();
+                        }
+                        openless_core::OAuthPollResult::SlowDown => {
+                            self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "status.oauth_slowdown").to_string();
+                        }
+                        openless_core::OAuthPollResult::Error { message } => {
+                            self.status = message;
+                        }
+                    },
+                    UiResult::MarketplaceAuthPoll(Err(error)) => self.status = error,
+                    UiResult::MarketplaceDetail(Ok(detail)) => {
+                        self.status =
+                            fmt_l10n(lang, "status.detail_loaded", &[&detail.summary.name]);
+                        self.marketplace_detail = Some(detail);
+                    }
+                    UiResult::MarketplaceDetail(Err(error)) => self.status = error,
+                    UiResult::MarketplaceMine(Ok((packs, likes))) => {
+                        self.status = fmt_l10n(
+                            lang,
+                            "status.my_publish_likes",
+                            &[&packs.len(), &likes.len()],
+                        );
+                        self.marketplace_my_packs = packs;
+                        self.marketplace_my_likes = likes;
+                    }
+                    UiResult::MarketplaceMine(Err(error)) => self.status = error,
+                    UiResult::Microphones(Ok(devices)) => {
+                        self.microphones = devices.clone();
+                        let selected = self
+                            .preferences
+                            .as_ref()
+                            .map(|prefs| prefs.microphone_device_name.as_str())
+                            .unwrap_or_default();
+                        if let Some(tray) = &self.tray {
+                            let microphones = devices
+                                .into_iter()
+                                .map(|device| openless_linux_egui::TrayMicrophone {
+                                    selected: !selected.is_empty()
+                                        && (selected == device.id || selected == device.name),
+                                    name: device.name,
+                                    is_default: device.is_default,
+                                })
+                                .collect();
+                            if let Err(error) = tray.set_microphones(microphones) {
+                                self.status = error.to_string();
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    UiResult::Microphones(Err(error)) => self.status = error,
+                    UiResult::Overview(Ok(data)) => self.overview = OverviewState::Loaded(data),
+                    UiResult::Overview(Err(error)) => {
+                        self.status = error.clone();
+                        self.overview = OverviewState::Failed(error);
+                    }
+                    UiResult::UpdateCheck(Ok(Some(manifest))) => {
+                        self.update_busy = false;
+                        self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "update.discovered", &[&manifest.version]);
+                        self.update_manifest = Some(manifest);
+                    }
+                    UiResult::UpdateCheck(Ok(None)) => {
+                        self.update_busy = false;
+                        self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "update.up_to_date").to_string();
+                    }
+                    UiResult::UpdateCheck(Err(error)) => {
+                        self.update_busy = false;
+                        self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "update.check_failed", &[&error]);
+                    }
+                    UiResult::UpdateProgress(progress) => self.update_progress = Some(progress),
+                    UiResult::UpdateInstalled(Ok(installed)) => {
+                        self.update_busy = false;
+                        self.update_manifest = None;
+                        self.status =
+                            fmt_l10n(lang, "update.installed_restart", &[&installed.version]);
+                    }
+                    UiResult::UpdateInstalled(Err(error)) => {
+                        self.update_busy = false;
+                        self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "update.install_failed", &[&error]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                self.snapshot = Some(backend.snapshot());
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn overview_summary_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            let mut reload = false;
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "heading.overview"));
+                ui.add_space(8.0);
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.refresh")).clicked() {
+                    reload = true;
+                }
+            });
+            if reload {
+                self.overview = OverviewState::Loading;
+                self.load_overview();
+                return;
+            }
+            match &self.overview {
+                OverviewState::Loading => {
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        ui.spinner();
+                        ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "loading.overview"));
+                    });
+                }
+                OverviewState::Failed(error) => {
+                    ui.colored_label(
+                        egui::Color32::from_rgb(220, 80, 80),
+                        format!("{}: {error}", tr_l10n(lang, "overview.load_failed")),
+                    );
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.retry")).clicked() {
+                        reload = true;
+                    }
+                }
+                OverviewState::Loaded(_) => {
+                    let show_heatmap = self
+                        .preferences
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .map(|preferences| preferences.show_overview_activity_heatmap)
+                        .unwrap_or(true);
+                    let today = chrono::Local::now().date_naive();
+                    if let Some(summary) = self.overview.summary(today) {
+                        overview_provider_cards(ui, &summary, lang);
+                        ui.add_space(6.0);
+                        overview_metric_row(ui, &summary, lang);
+                        ui.add_space(6.0);
+                        overview_recent(ui, &summary, lang);
+                        if show_heatmap && summary.activity_days_total > 0 {
+                            ui.add_space(6.0);
+                            overview_heatmap(ui, &summary, lang);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if reload {
+                self.overview = OverviewState::Loading;
+                self.load_overview();
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn dictation_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "heading.dictation"));
+            let phase = self
+                .snapshot
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|snapshot| snapshot.dictation.phase)
+                .unwrap_or(DictationPhase::Idle);
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                if ui
+                    .add_enabled(
+                        phase == DictationPhase::Idle,
+                        egui::Button::new(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.start")),
+                    )
+                    .clicked()
+                {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        self.transcript.clear();
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            backend.start_dictation().await?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "dictation.recording").to_string())
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                if ui
+                    .add_enabled(
+                        phase == DictationPhase::Recording,
+                        egui::Button::new(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.stop")),
+                    )
+                    .clicked()
+                {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            let result = backend.stop_dictation().await?;
+                            Ok(fmt_l10n(
+                                lang,
+                                "status.done_chars",
+                                &[&result.polished_text.chars().count()],
+                            ))
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                if ui
+                    .add_enabled(
+                        phase != DictationPhase::Idle,
+                        egui::Button::new(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.cancel")),
+                    )
+                    .clicked()
+                {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            backend.cancel_dictation(None).await?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.dictation_cancelled").to_string())
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+            ui.label(if self.transcript.is_empty() {
+                tr_l10n(lang, "dictation.no_transcript")
+            } else {
+                &self.transcript
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn less_computer_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            ui.heading("Less Computer");
+            ui.text_edit_multiline(&mut self.less_computer_input);
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.run")).clicked()
+                    && !self.less_computer_input.trim().is_empty()
+                {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        let prompt = self.less_computer_input.clone();
+                        self.less_computer_output.clear();
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            backend.submit_less_computer(prompt).await?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "less_computer.done").to_string())
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.cancel")).clicked() {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            backend.cancel_less_computer(None).await?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "less_computer.cancelled").to_string())
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+            if let Some((token, command)) = self.pending_approval.clone() {
+                ui.label(fmt_l10n(lang, "approval.request_run", &[&command]));
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    for (label, approved) in [
+                        (tr_l10n(lang, "btn.allow"), true),
+                        (tr_l10n(lang, "btn.deny"), false),
+                    ] {
+                        if ui.button(label).clicked() {
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let token = token.clone();
+                                self.pending_approval = None;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    backend
+                                        .services()
+                                        .less_computer
+                                        .approve(token, approved)
+                                        .await?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "approval.submitted").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+            ui.label(if self.less_computer_output.is_empty() {
+                tr_l10n(lang, "less_computer.no_output")
+            } else {
+                &self.less_computer_output
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn qa_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            if !self.qa_visible {
+                return;
+            }
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "heading.qa"));
+            if let Some(state) = &self.qa_state {
+                if let Some(messages) = &state.messages {
+                    for message in messages {
+                        ui.label(format!("{}：{}", message.role, message.content));
+                    }
+                }
+                if let Some(chunk) = &state.chunk {
+                    ui.label(chunk);
+                }
+                if let Some(error) = &state.error {
+                    ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::RED, error);
+                }
+            }
+            ui.text_edit_multiline(&mut self.qa_input);
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                let recording = self
+                    .qa_state
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .is_some_and(|state| state.kind == QaStateKind::Recording);
+                if ui
+                    .button(if recording {
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "btn.end_recording")
+                    } else {
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "btn.voice_ask")
+                    })
+                    .clicked()
+                {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            backend.services().qa.toggle_recording().await?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "qa.recording_updated").to_string())
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.send")).clicked()
+                    && !self.qa_input.trim().is_empty()
+                {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        let text = std::mem::take(&mut self.qa_input);
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            backend.services().qa.submit_text(text).await?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "qa.submitted").to_string())
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.close")).clicked() {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            backend.services().qa.dismiss().await?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "qa.closed").to_string())
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        fn selection_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let Some(selection) = self.selection.clone() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            if self.selection_preview_visible && selection.phase == SelectionPhase::Preview {
+                ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "heading.selection_preview"));
+                ui.text_edit_multiline(&mut self.selection_draft);
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.confirm_replace")).clicked() {
+                        if let (Some(backend), Some(session_id)) =
+                            (self.backend(), selection.session_id)
+                        {
+                            let text = self.selection_draft.clone();
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                backend
+                                    .services()
+                                    .selection
+                                    .confirm(session_id, Some(text))
+                                    .await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "selection.replaced").to_string())
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.cancel")).clicked() {
+                        if let (Some(backend), Some(session_id)) =
+                            (self.backend(), selection.session_id)
+                        {
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                backend
+                                    .services()
+                                    .selection
+                                    .cancel(Some(session_id))
+                                    .await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "selection.cancelled").to_string())
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+            } else if selection.phase == SelectionPhase::Completed
+                && selection.revert_outcome.is_none()
+            {
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "selection.replace_completed"));
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.undo")).clicked() {
+                        if let (Some(backend), Some(session_id)) =
+                            (self.backend(), selection.session_id)
+                        {
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                backend.services().selection.revert(session_id).await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "selection.reverted").to_string())
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn provider_management_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.strong(tr_l10n(lang, "providers.credentials"));
+                for (kind, label) in [
+                    (openless_core::ChannelKind::Asr, "ASR"),
+                    (openless_core::ChannelKind::Llm, "LLM"),
+                ] {
+                    if ui
+                        .selectable_label(self.provider_kind == kind, label)
+                        .clicked()
+                        && self.provider_kind != kind
+                    {
+                        self.provider_kind = kind;
+                        self.providers = ProvidersState::Loading;
+                        self.selected_channel_id = None;
+                        self.pending_channel_delete = None;
+                        self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Idle;
+                        self.provider_models.clear();
+                        self.load_providers(kind);
+                    }
+                }
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.refresh_channel")).clicked() {
+                    self.providers = ProvidersState::Loading;
+                    self.load_providers(self.provider_kind);
+                }
+            });
+
+            let panel = match self.providers.clone() {
+                ProvidersState::Loading => {
+                    ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "providers.loading_dir"));
+                    return;
+                }
+                ProvidersState::Failed(error) => {
+                    ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::RED, error);
+                    return;
+                }
+                ProvidersState::Loaded(panel) => panel,
+            };
+
+            ui.group(|ui| {
+                ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.new_channel"));
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    egui::ComboBox::from_id_salt("new-provider-type")
+                        .selected_text(
+                            panel
+                                .descriptors
+                                .iter()
+                                .find(|item| item.provider_type.as_str() == self.new_provider_type)
+                                .map(provider_descriptor_label)
+                                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                                    tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.choose_provider").to_string()
+                                }),
+                        )
+                        .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                            for descriptor in &panel.descriptors {
+                                ui.selectable_value(
+                                    &mut self.new_provider_type,
+                                    descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string(),
+                                    provider_descriptor_label(descriptor),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        });
+                    ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.new_channel_name);
+                    if ui
+                        .add_enabled(
+                            !self.new_provider_type.is_empty(),
+                            egui::Button::new(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.create")),
+                        )
+                        .clicked()
+                    {
+                        if let (Some(backend), Some(descriptor)) = (
+                            self.backend(),
+                            panel
+                                .descriptors
+                                .iter()
+                                .find(|item| item.provider_type.as_str() == self.new_provider_type),
+                        ) {
+                            let kind = panel.kind;
+                            let provider_type = descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string();
+                            let name = if self.new_channel_name.trim().is_empty() {
+                                descriptor.label_key.clone()
+                            } else {
+                                self.new_channel_name.trim().to_string()
+                            };
+                            self.new_channel_name.clear();
+                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
+                                backend.create_channel(kind, provider_type, name).await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.channel_created").to_string())
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+                ui.small(tr_l10n(lang, "providers.core_note"));
+            });
+
+            if panel.channels.is_empty() {
+                ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "providers.empty"));
+                return;
+            }
+
+            for (index, channel) in panel.channels.iter().enumerate() {
+                let active = channel.id == panel.active_provider;
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    let selected = self.selected_channel_id.as_deref() == Some(channel.id.as_str());
+                    let active_suffix = if active {
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "btn.status_active")
+                    } else {
+                        ""
+                    };
+                    let disabled_suffix = if channel.enabled {
+                        ""
+                    } else {
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "btn.status_disabled")
+                    };
+                    if ui
+                        .selectable_label(
+                            selected,
+                            format!(
+                                "{} · {}{active_suffix}{disabled_suffix}",
+                                channel.name, channel.provider_type,
+                            ),
+                        )
+                        .clicked()
+                    {
+                        self.selected_channel_id = Some(channel.id.clone());
+                        self.provider_models.clear();
+                        if let Some((channel, descriptor)) =
+                            provider_channel_descriptor(&panel, &channel.id)
+                        {
+                            self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Loading {
+                                kind: panel.kind,
+                                channel_id: channel.id.clone(),
+                            };
+                            self.load_provider_editor(panel.kind, channel, descriptor);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if !active
+                        && channel.enabled
+                        && ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.set_active")).clicked()
+                    {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            let slot = provider_slot(panel.kind);
+                            let channel_id = channel.id.clone();
+                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
+                                backend.set_active_provider(slot, channel_id).await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.channel_active").to_string())
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if ui
+                        .button(if channel.enabled {
+                            tr_l10n(lang, "btn.disable")
+                        } else {
+                            tr_l10n(lang, "btn.enable")
+                        })
+                        .clicked()
+                    {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            let kind = panel.kind;
+                            let channel_id = channel.id.clone();
+                            let enabled = !channel.enabled;
+                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
+                                backend
+                                    .set_channel_enabled(kind, channel_id, enabled)
+                                    .await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.channel_enabled").to_string())
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if index > 0 && ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.move_up")).clicked() {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            let kind = panel.kind;
+                            let mut ids = panel
+                                .channels
+                                .iter()
+                                .map(|item| item.id.clone())
+                                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                            ids.swap(index, index - 1);
+                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
+                                backend.reorder_channels(kind, ids).await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.channel_reordered").to_string())
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if index + 1 < panel.channels.len()
+                        && ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.move_down")).clicked()
+                    {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            let kind = panel.kind;
+                            let mut ids = panel
+                                .channels
+                                .iter()
+                                .map(|item| item.id.clone())
+                                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                            ids.swap(index, index + 1);
+                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
+                                backend.reorder_channels(kind, ids).await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.channel_reordered").to_string())
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if self.pending_channel_delete.as_deref() == Some(channel.id.as_str()) {
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.confirm_delete")).clicked() {
+                            self.pending_channel_delete = None;
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let kind = panel.kind;
+                                let channel_id = channel.id.clone();
+                                self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
+                                    backend.delete_channel(kind, channel_id).await?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.channel_deleted").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.cancel_delete")).clicked() {
+                            self.pending_channel_delete = None;
+                        }
+                    } else if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.delete")).clicked() {
+                        // Channel deletion may remove the last usable provider
+                        // and its persisted secrets, so require a deliberate
+                        // second click even in this intentionally compact UI.
+                        self.pending_channel_delete = Some(channel.id.clone());
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+
+            match self.provider_editor.clone() {
+                ProviderEditorState::Idle => {}
+                ProviderEditorState::Loading { kind, channel_id } => {
+                    ui.label(fmt_l10n(
+                        lang,
+                        "providers.reading_channel",
+                        &[&format!("{kind:?}"), &channel_id],
+                    ));
+                }
+                ProviderEditorState::Failed(error) => {
+                    ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::RED, error);
+                }
+                ProviderEditorState::Loaded(editor) => {
+                    let mut editor = *editor;
+                    ui.separator();
+                    ui.strong(fmt_l10n(lang, "providers.editing", &[&editor.channel.id]));
+                    let mut provider_type = editor.descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string();
+                    egui::ComboBox::from_id_salt("edit-provider-type")
+                        .selected_text(provider_descriptor_label(&editor.descriptor))
+                        .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                            for descriptor in &panel.descriptors {
+                                ui.selectable_value(
+                                    &mut provider_type,
+                                    descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string(),
+                                    provider_descriptor_label(descriptor),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        });
+                    if provider_type != editor.descriptor.provider_type.as_str() {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            let kind = editor.kind;
+                            let channel_id = editor.channel.id.clone();
+                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
+                                backend
+                                    .set_channel_provider_type(kind, channel_id, provider_type)
+                                    .await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.provider_type_updated").to_string())
+                            });
+                        }
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    ui.label(fmt_l10n(
+                        lang,
+                        "providers.auth_probe",
+                        &[
+                            &auth_requirement_label(lang, editor.descriptor.auth_requirement),
+                            &format!("{:?}", editor.descriptor.validation_probe),
+                        ],
+                    ));
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "providers.name"));
+                        ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut editor.name);
+                    });
+                    provider_fields_ui(ui, lang, &mut editor);
+
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.save_fields")).clicked() {
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let saved = editor.clone();
+                                self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
+                                    save_provider_editor(backend, saved).await?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.channel_saved").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.clear_secret")).clicked() {
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let cleared = editor.clone();
+                                self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
+                                    clear_provider_secrets(backend, &cleared).await?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.secret_cleared").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.validate")).clicked() {
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let kind = editor.kind;
+                                let channel_id = editor.channel.id.clone();
+                                self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
+                                    validate_provider_channel(lang, backend, kind, channel_id).await
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.list_models")).clicked() {
+                            self.provider_models.clear();
+                            self.request_provider_models(editor.kind, editor.channel.id.clone());
+                        }
+                    });
+                    if !self.provider_models.is_empty() {
+                        ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "providers.model_list"));
+                        for model in self.provider_models.clone() {
+                            if ui.button(&model).clicked() {
+                                editor.model = model;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Loaded(Box::new(editor));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// Apply a newly chosen UI locale immediately: persist it as Linux-UI
+        /// state (never Core business truth), resolve it to a concrete language
+        /// and let the next frame re-render every localized surface. Persistence
+        /// is offloaded off the egui frame so the write can never stall a repaint.
+        fn apply_locale_pref(&mut self, pref: LocalePref) {
+            if pref == self.locale_pref {
+                return;
+            }
+            self.locale_pref = pref;
+            self.lang = pref.resolve();
+            if let Some(tray) = &self.tray {
+                let _ = tray.set_lang(self.lang);
+            }
+            let runtime = self.tokio.clone();
+            runtime.spawn_blocking(move || {
+                let _ = save_locale_pref(pref);
+            });
+        }
+
+        /// The language selector row shown in Settings. Changing it re-renders
+        /// the whole window immediately (shell, headings, labels, popups later
+        /// pick it up from the persisted UI state on their next launch).
+        fn language_selector_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let mut chosen: Option<LocalePref> = None;
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.language")).strong());
+                let pref = self.locale_pref;
+                let lang = self.lang;
+                let selected = match pref {
+                    LocalePref::System => {
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "settings.language_follow_system").to_string()
+                    }
+                    LocalePref::Lang(explicit) => {
+                        tr_l10n(explicit, locale_key(explicit)).to_string()
+                    }
+                };
+                egui::ComboBox::from_id_salt("openless-ui-language")
+                    .width(240.0)
+                    .selected_text(selected)
+                    .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                        if ui
+                            .selectable_label(
+                                pref == LocalePref::System,
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "settings.language_follow_system"),
+                            )
+                            .clicked()
+                        {
+                            chosen = Some(LocalePref::System);
+                        }
+                        for option in LANGS {
+                            let native_label = tr_l10n(option, locale_key(option));
+                            if ui
+                                .selectable_label(pref == LocalePref::Lang(option), native_label)
+                                .clicked()
+                            {
+                                chosen = Some(LocalePref::Lang(option));
+                            }
+                        }
+                    });
+            });
+            if let Some(pref) = chosen {
+                self.apply_locale_pref(pref);
+                self.status = tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.locale_saved").to_string();
+                ui.ctx().request_repaint();
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn settings_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "nav.providers"));
+            self.language_selector_ui(ui);
+            ui.separator();
+            if let Some(snapshot) = &self.snapshot {
+                let credentials = &snapshot.credentials;
+                let asr_state = if credentials.asr_configured {
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "overview.configured")
+                } else {
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "overview.unconfigured")
+                };
+                let llm_state = if credentials.llm_configured {
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "overview.configured")
+                } else {
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "overview.unconfigured")
+                };
+                ui.label(format!(
+                    "ASR：{}（{asr_state}）",
+                    credentials.active_asr_provider
+                ));
+                ui.label(format!(
+                    "LLM：{}（{llm_state}）",
+                    credentials.active_llm_provider
+                ));
+            }
+            self.provider_management_ui(ui);
+            ui.separator();
+            let mut save_settings = false;
+            if let Some(preferences) = self.preferences.as_mut() {
+                self.settings_dirty.streaming_insert |= ui
+                    .checkbox(
+                        &mut preferences.streaming_insert,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "settings.streaming_insert"),
+                    )
+                    .changed();
+                self.settings_dirty.coding_agent_enabled |= ui
+                    .checkbox(
+                        &mut preferences.coding_agent_enabled,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "settings.enable_coding_agent"),
+                    )
+                    .changed();
+                ui.collapsing(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.recording_input"), |ui| {
+                    let previous_mode = preferences.hotkey.mode;
+                    egui::ComboBox::from_label(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.rec_mode"))
+                        .selected_text(match preferences.hotkey.mode {
+                            openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Toggle => {
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "recmode.toggle")
+                            }
+                            openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Hold => {
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "recmode.hold")
+                            }
+                            openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::DoubleClick => {
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "recmode.double_click")
+                            }
+                            openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Auto => {
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "recmode.auto")
+                            }
+                        })
+                        .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                            for (mode, key) in [
+                                (
+                                    openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Toggle,
+                                    "recmode.toggle",
+                                ),
+                                (
+                                    openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Hold,
+                                    "recmode.hold",
+                                ),
+                                (
+                                    openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Auto,
+                                    "recmode.auto",
+                                ),
+                            ] {
+                                ui.selectable_value(
+                                    &mut preferences.hotkey.mode,
+                                    mode,
+                                    tr_l10n(lang, key),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        });
+                    self.settings_dirty.recording |= preferences.hotkey.mode != previous_mode;
+                    self.settings_dirty.recording |= ui
+                        .checkbox(
+                            &mut preferences.silence_auto_stop_enabled,
+                            tr_l10n(lang, "settings.auto_stop"),
+                        )
+                        .changed();
+                    if preferences.silence_auto_stop_enabled {
+                        let previous = preferences.silence_auto_stop_seconds;
+                        egui::ComboBox::from_label(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.silence_duration"))
+                            .selected_text(fmt_l10n(lang, "settings.seconds", &[&previous]))
+                            .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                                for seconds in [1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0] {
+                                    ui.selectable_value(
+                                        &mut preferences.silence_auto_stop_seconds,
+                                        seconds,
+                                        fmt_l10n(lang, "settings.seconds", &[&seconds]),
+                                    );
+                                }
+                            });
+                        self.settings_dirty.recording |=
+                            preferences.silence_auto_stop_seconds != previous;
+                    }
+                    let selected_microphone = if preferences.microphone_device_name.is_empty() {
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "settings.system_default").to_string()
+                    } else {
+                        preferences.microphone_device_name.clone()
+                    };
+                    let previous_microphone = preferences.microphone_device_name.clone();
+                    egui::ComboBox::from_label(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.microphone"))
+                        .selected_text(selected_microphone)
+                        .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                            ui.selectable_value(
+                                &mut preferences.microphone_device_name,
+                                String::new(),
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "settings.system_default"),
+                            );
+                            for device in &self.microphones {
+                                ui.selectable_value(
+                                    &mut preferences.microphone_device_name,
+                                    device.name.clone(),
+                                    &device.name,
+                                );
+                            }
+                        });
+                    self.settings_dirty.microphone |=
+                        preferences.microphone_device_name != previous_microphone;
+                    self.settings_dirty.recording |= ui
+                        .checkbox(
+                            &mut preferences.mute_during_recording,
+                            tr_l10n(lang, "settings.mute_while"),
+                        )
+                        .changed();
+                    self.settings_dirty.recording |= ui
+                        .checkbox(
+                            &mut preferences.audio_cue_on_record,
+                            tr_l10n(lang, "settings.cue_audio"),
+                        )
+                        .changed();
+                });
+                ui.collapsing(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.appearance"), |ui| {
+                    let previous_theme = preferences.theme_mode;
+                    egui::ComboBox::from_label(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.theme"))
+                        .selected_text(match preferences.theme_mode {
+                            openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::System => {
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "theme.follow_system")
+                            }
+                            openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Light => {
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "theme.light")
+                            }
+                            openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Dark => {
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "theme.dark")
+                            }
+                        })
+                        .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                            for (mode, key) in [
+                                (
+                                    openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::System,
+                                    "theme.follow_system",
+                                ),
+                                (openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Light, "theme.light"),
+                                (openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Dark, "theme.dark"),
+                            ] {
+                                ui.selectable_value(
+                                    &mut preferences.theme_mode,
+                                    mode,
+                                    tr_l10n(lang, key),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        });
+                    self.settings_dirty.appearance |= preferences.theme_mode != previous_theme;
+                    self.settings_dirty.appearance |= ui
+                        .checkbox(
+                            &mut preferences.show_overview_activity_heatmap,
+                            tr_l10n(lang, "settings.show_heatmap"),
+                        )
+                        .changed();
+                });
+                ui.collapsing(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.hotkeys_group"), |ui| {
+                    self.settings_dirty.hotkeys |= shortcut_editor(
+                        ui,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "hotkey.dictation"),
+                        &mut preferences.dictation_hotkey,
+                    );
+                    self.settings_dirty.hotkeys |=
+                        optional_shortcut_editor(ui, lang, "QA", &mut preferences.qa_hotkey, ";");
+                    self.settings_dirty.hotkeys |= shortcut_editor(
+                        ui,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "hotkey.translation"),
+                        &mut preferences.translation_hotkey,
+                    );
+                    self.settings_dirty.hotkeys |= optional_shortcut_editor(
+                        ui,
+                        lang,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "hotkey.selection_polish"),
+                        &mut preferences.selection_polish_hotkey,
+                        "P",
+                    );
+                    self.settings_dirty.hotkeys |= optional_shortcut_editor(
+                        ui,
+                        lang,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "hotkey.switch_style"),
+                        &mut preferences.switch_style_hotkey,
+                        "S",
+                    );
+                    self.settings_dirty.hotkeys |= optional_shortcut_editor(
+                        ui,
+                        lang,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "hotkey.open_app"),
+                        &mut preferences.open_app_hotkey,
+                        "O",
+                    );
+                    self.settings_dirty.hotkeys |= optional_shortcut_editor(
+                        ui,
+                        lang,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "hotkey.coding_agent"),
+                        &mut preferences.coding_agent_voice_hotkey,
+                        "L",
+                    );
+                });
+                self.settings_dirty.start_minimized |= ui
+                    .checkbox(
+                        &mut preferences.start_minimized,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "settings.start_minimized"),
+                    )
+                    .changed();
+                self.settings_dirty.launch_at_login |= ui
+                    .checkbox(
+                        &mut preferences.launch_at_login,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "settings.launch_at_login"),
+                    )
+                    .changed();
+                self.settings_dirty.auto_update_check |= ui
+                    .checkbox(
+                        &mut preferences.auto_update_check,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "settings.auto_update"),
+                    )
+                    .changed();
+                let previous_channel = preferences.update_channel;
+                egui::ComboBox::from_label(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.update_channel"))
+                    .selected_text(match preferences.update_channel {
+                        openless_core::shared_types::UpdateChannel::Stable => {
+                            tr_l10n(lang, "channel.stable")
+                        }
+                        openless_core::shared_types::UpdateChannel::Beta => "Beta",
+                    })
+                    .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                        ui.selectable_value(
+                            &mut preferences.update_channel,
+                            openless_core::shared_types::UpdateChannel::Stable,
+                            tr_l10n(lang, "channel.stable"),
+                        );
+                        ui.selectable_value(
+                            &mut preferences.update_channel,
+                            openless_core::shared_types::UpdateChannel::Beta,
+                            "Beta",
+                        );
+                    });
+                self.settings_dirty.update_channel |=
+                    preferences.update_channel != previous_channel;
+                self.settings_dirty.remote_input_enabled |= ui
+                    .checkbox(
+                        &mut preferences.remote_input_enabled,
+                        tr_l10n(lang, "settings.enable_remote"),
+                    )
+                    .changed();
+                self.settings_dirty.remote_input_port |= ui
+                    .add(
+                        egui::DragValue::new(&mut preferences.remote_input_port)
+                            .range(1..=u16::MAX)
+                            .prefix(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.port")),
+                    )
+                    .changed();
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.save_settings")).clicked() {
+                    save_settings = true;
+                }
+            }
+            if save_settings {
+                if let (Some(native), Some(draft), Some(snapshot)) =
+                    (&self.native, self.preferences.clone(), &self.snapshot)
+                {
+                    let host = native.host_arc();
+                    let revision = snapshot.preferences_revision;
+                    let dirty = self.settings_dirty;
+                    let tx = self.tx.clone();
+                    self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                        let outcome = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                            let save = |preferences, revision| {
+                                if dirty.hotkeys {
+                                    host.update_settings_strict(preferences, revision)
+                                } else {
+                                    host.save_settings(preferences, revision)
+                                }
+                            };
+                            match save(draft.clone(), revision) {
+                                Err(error)
+                                    if error.code == openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Busy =>
+                                {
+                                    let latest_snapshot = host.snapshot();
+                                    let latest = host.backend().get_preferences();
+                                    save(
+                                        dirty.merge(&latest, &draft),
+                                        latest_snapshot.preferences_revision,
+                                    )
+                                }
+                                result => result,
+                            }
+                        })
+                        .await
+                        .map_err(|error| error.to_string())
+                        .and_then(|result| result.map_err(|error| error.to_string()));
+                        let _ = tx.send(UiResult::SettingsSaved(Box::new(outcome)));
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+            if let Some((remote, pin)) = &self.remote_access {
+                let remote_state = if remote.running {
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "remote.running")
+                } else if remote.starting {
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "remote.starting")
+                } else {
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "remote.stopped")
+                };
+                ui.label(remote_state);
+                if remote.enabled {
+                    ui.label(fmt_l10n(
+                        lang,
+                        "remote.lang_conns",
+                        &[&remote.locale, &remote.connection_count],
+                    ));
+                    ui.monospace(format!("PIN：{pin}"));
+                    for url in &remote.urls {
+                        ui.monospace(url);
+                    }
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.reset_pairing")).clicked() {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                backend
+                                    .services()
+                                    .remote_input
+                                    .regenerate_pairing_pin()
+                                    .await?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.remote_pin_reset").to_string())
                             });
                         }
-                        HostAction::RequestRestart => {
-                            self.status = "请手动重启 OpenLess".to_string();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.export_error_log")).clicked() {
+                if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                    let source = openless_linux_egui::log_path(&backend.config().data_dir);
+                    self.spawn(async move {
+                        let destination = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(|| {
+                            rfd::FileDialog::new()
+                                .add_filter("Log", &["log"])
+                                .set_file_name("openless.log")
+                                .save_file()
+                        })
+                        .await
+                        .map_err(|error| {
+                            BackendError::new(
+                                openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                error.to_string(),
+                            )
+                        })?
+                        .ok_or_else(|| {
+                            BackendError::new(
+                                openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "dialog.export_log_cancelled"),
+                            )
+                        })?;
+                        tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                            openless_linux_egui::export_error_log(&source, &destination)
+                        })
+                        .await
+                        .map_err(|error| {
+                            BackendError::new(
+                                openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                error.to_string(),
+                            )
+                        })?
+                        .map_err(|error| {
+                            BackendError::new(
+                                openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                                error.to_string(),
+                            )
+                        })?;
+                        Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.export_log_done").to_string())
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+            ui.separator();
+            ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "head.software_update"));
+            let channel = self
+                .preferences
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|preferences| preferences.update_channel)
+                .unwrap_or_default();
+            match &self.update_support {
+                LinuxUpdateSupport::AppImage(_) => {
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        if ui
+                            .add_enabled(
+                                !self.update_busy,
+                                egui::Button::new(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.check_now")),
+                            )
+                            .clicked()
+                        {
+                            self.request_update_check(channel);
+                        }
+                        if self.update_manifest.is_some()
+                            && ui
+                                .add_enabled(
+                                    !self.update_busy,
+                                    egui::Button::new(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.download_install")),
+                                )
+                                .clicked()
+                        {
+                            self.install_update();
+                        }
+                    });
+                    if let Some(manifest) = &self.update_manifest {
+                        ui.label(fmt_l10n(lang, "update.available", &[&manifest.version]));
+                    }
+                    if let Some(progress) = self.update_progress {
+                        let fraction = progress
+                            .content_length
+                            .filter(|total| *total > 0)
+                            .map(|total| progress.downloaded as f32 / total as f32);
+                        if let Some(fraction) = fraction {
+                            ui.add(egui::ProgressBar::new(fraction.clamp(0.0, 1.0)));
+                        }
+                        ui.label(fmt_l10n(lang, "update.downloaded", &[&progress.downloaded]));
+                    }
+                }
+                LinuxUpdateSupport::ManualOnly { releases_url } => {
+                    ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "update.manual_notice"));
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.open_releases")).clicked() {
+                        let url = (*releases_url).to_string();
+                        std::thread::spawn(move || {
+                            let _ = open_external(&url);
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn vocabulary_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                let pending = backend.pending_corrections();
+                if !pending.is_empty() {
+                    ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "head.pending_corrections"));
+                    let mut action: Option<(String, bool)> = None;
+                    for suggestion in pending {
+                        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                            ui.label(format!(
+                                "{} → {}",
+                                suggestion.pattern, suggestion.replacement
+                            ));
+                            if ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.accept")).clicked() {
+                                action = Some((suggestion.id.clone(), true));
+                            }
+                            if ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.ignore")).clicked() {
+                                action = Some((suggestion.id.clone(), false));
+                            }
+                        });
+                    }
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.close_all")).clicked() {
+                        backend.dismiss_pending_corrections();
+                    }
+                    if let Some((id, accept)) = action {
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            if accept {
+                                backend.accept_pending_correction(&id)?;
+                            } else {
+                                backend.reject_pending_correction(&id);
+                            }
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.suggestion_handled").to_string())
+                        });
+                    }
+                    ui.separator();
+                }
+            }
+            ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "head.vocab_presets"));
+            ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.preset_note"));
+            let mut preset_action: Option<(String, String)> = None;
+            for preset in &self.vocab_presets {
+                ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
+                    ui.strong(&preset.name);
+                    ui.label(fmt_l10n(lang, "lbl.preset_count", &[&preset.phrases.len()]));
+                    if ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.apply")).clicked() {
+                        preset_action = Some((preset.id.clone(), "apply".into()));
+                    }
+                    if self
+                        .vocab_preset_store
+                        .custom
+                        .iter()
+                        .any(|custom| custom.id == preset.id)
+                        && ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.delete")).clicked()
+                    {
+                        preset_action = Some((preset.id.clone(), "delete".into()));
+                    } else if openless_core::builtin_vocab_presets()
+                        .iter()
+                        .any(|builtin| builtin.id == preset.id)
+                        && ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.hide_builtin")).clicked()
+                    {
+                        preset_action = Some((preset.id.clone(), "disable".into()));
+                    }
+                    ui.weak(preset.phrases.join("、"));
+                });
+            }
+            for id in self.vocab_preset_store.disabled_builtin_preset_ids.clone() {
+                if ui
+                    .small_button(fmt_l10n(lang, "btn.restore_builtin", &[&id]))
+                    .clicked()
+                {
+                    preset_action = Some((id, "enable".into()));
+                }
+            }
+            ui.group(|ui| {
+                ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.new_custom_preset"));
+                ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.vocab_preset_name);
+                ui.add(
+                    egui::TextEdit::multiline(&mut self.vocab_preset_phrases)
+                        .hint_text(tr_l10n(lang, "hint.preset_phrases"))
+                        .desired_rows(3),
+                );
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.save_preset")).clicked()
+                    && !self.vocab_preset_name.trim().is_empty()
+                    && !self.vocab_preset_phrases.trim().is_empty()
+                {
+                    preset_action = Some((String::new(), "create".into()));
+                }
+            });
+            if let (Some(backend), Some((id, operation))) = (self.backend(), preset_action) {
+                let name = std::mem::take(&mut self.vocab_preset_name);
+                let phrases_text = std::mem::take(&mut self.vocab_preset_phrases);
+                let selected = self
+                    .vocab_presets
+                    .iter()
+                    .find(|preset| preset.id == id)
+                    .cloned();
+                self.spawn(async move {
+                    match operation.as_str() {
+                        "apply" => {
+                            let preset = selected.ok_or_else(|| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                    tr_l10n(lang, "status.preset_gone"),
+                                )
+                            })?;
+                            for phrase in preset.phrases {
+                                backend.add_vocabulary(
+                                    phrase,
+                                    Some(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.from_preset", &[&preset.name])),
+                                )?;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        "create" => {
+                            let mut phrases = phrases_text
+                                .split([',', '，', '\n'])
+                                .map(str::trim)
+                                .filter(|phrase| !phrase.is_empty())
+                                .map(ToOwned::to_owned)
+                                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                            phrases.sort();
+                            phrases.dedup();
+                            let mut store = backend.list_vocabulary_presets()?;
+                            store.custom.push(openless_core::VocabPreset {
+                                id: uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
+                                name: name.trim().to_string(),
+                                phrases,
+                            });
+                            backend.save_vocabulary_presets(&store)?;
                         }
-                        HostAction::ShowSelectionPreview => {
-                            self.navigation.open(Page::Selection);
-                            self.selection_preview_visible = true;
-                            ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Visible(true));
+                        "delete" => {
+                            let mut store = backend.list_vocabulary_presets()?;
+                            store.custom.retain(|preset| preset.id != id);
+                            backend.save_vocabulary_presets(&store)?;
                         }
-                        HostAction::HideSelectionPreview => {
-                            self.selection_preview_visible = false;
+                        "disable" => {
+                            let mut store = backend.list_vocabulary_presets()?;
+                            if !store.disabled_builtin_preset_ids.contains(&id) {
+                                store.disabled_builtin_preset_ids.push(id);
+                            }
+                            backend.save_vocabulary_presets(&store)?;
                         }
-                        HostAction::ShowQa => {
-                            self.navigation.open(Page::Qa);
-                            self.qa_visible = true;
-                            ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Visible(true));
+                        "enable" => {
+                            let mut store = backend.list_vocabulary_presets()?;
+                            store
+                                .disabled_builtin_preset_ids
+                                .retain(|preset_id| preset_id != &id);
+                            backend.save_vocabulary_presets(&store)?;
                         }
-                        HostAction::HideQa => self.qa_visible = false,
-                        HostAction::ShowDictationFeedback | HostAction::HideDictationFeedback => {}
+                        _ => unreachable!(),
+                    }
+                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.preset_updated").to_string())
+                });
+            }
+            ui.separator();
+            ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "head.custom_vocab"));
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.phrase"));
+                ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.vocabulary_phrase);
+                ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.note"));
+                ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.vocabulary_note);
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.add")).clicked()
+                    && !self.vocabulary_phrase.trim().is_empty()
+                {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        let phrase = std::mem::take(&mut self.vocabulary_phrase);
+                        let note = std::mem::take(&mut self.vocabulary_note);
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            backend.add_vocabulary(
+                                phrase,
+                                (!note.trim().is_empty()).then_some(note),
+                            )?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.vocab_saved").to_string())
+                        });
                     }
                 }
+            });
+            let mut vocabulary_action = None;
+            for entry in &self.vocabulary {
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    let mut enabled = entry.enabled;
+                    if ui.checkbox(&mut enabled, "").changed() {
+                        vocabulary_action = Some((entry.id.clone(), Some(enabled)));
+                    }
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(&entry.phrase).strong());
+                    if let Some(note) = &entry.note {
+                        ui.label(note);
+                    }
+                    ui.label(fmt_l10n(lang, "lbl.hits", &[&entry.hits]));
+                    if ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.delete")).clicked() {
+                        vocabulary_action = Some((entry.id.clone(), None));
+                    }
+                });
             }
-            let mut events = Vec::new();
-            let drain = self
-                .subscription
-                .as_mut()
-                .map(|subscription| drain_events(subscription, |event| events.push(event)));
-            for event in events {
-                self.apply_event(event);
+            if let (Some(backend), Some((id, enabled))) = (self.backend(), vocabulary_action) {
+                self.spawn(async move {
+                    if let Some(enabled) = enabled {
+                        backend.set_vocabulary_enabled(&id, enabled)?;
+                    } else {
+                        backend.remove_vocabulary(&id)?;
+                    }
+                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.vocab_updated").to_string())
+                });
             }
-            if let Some(EventDrainOutcome::Lagged { dropped, .. }) = drain {
-                if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                    // Broadcast lag does not imply Core lost the events. Replay
-                    // from the last applied sequence first; duplicate delivery
-                    // from the live receiver is rejected by apply_event above.
-                    let replay = backend.replay_events_after(self.last_event_sequence);
-                    let snapshot = backend.snapshot();
-                    if replay.truncated {
-                        // The bounded tail cannot reconstruct derived text/UI
-                        // state. Reset it before applying the authoritative tail
-                        // so no stale transcript, approval or preview survives.
-                        self.transcript_state = TranscriptAccumulator::default();
-                        self.transcript.clear();
-                        self.transcript_session = snapshot.dictation.session_id;
-                        self.less_computer_input.clear();
-                        self.less_computer_output.clear();
-                        self.less_computer_turn_start = 0;
-                        self.less_computer_session = None;
-                        self.less_computer_running = false;
-                        self.pending_approval = None;
-                        self.qa_state = None;
-                        self.qa_visible = false;
-                        self.selection = None;
-                        self.selection_draft.clear();
-                        self.selection_preview_visible = false;
+
+            ui.separator();
+            ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "head.correction_rules"));
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.correction_pattern);
+                ui.label("→");
+                ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.correction_replacement);
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.add_rule")).clicked()
+                    && !self.correction_pattern.trim().is_empty()
+                    && !self.correction_replacement.trim().is_empty()
+                {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        let pattern = std::mem::take(&mut self.correction_pattern);
+                        let replacement = std::mem::take(&mut self.correction_replacement);
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            backend.add_correction_rule(pattern, replacement)?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.correction_saved").to_string())
+                        });
                     }
-                    self.snapshot = Some(snapshot);
-                    for event in replay.events {
-                        self.apply_event(event);
+                }
+            });
+            let mut correction_action = None;
+            for rule in &self.correction_rules {
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    let mut enabled = rule.enabled;
+                    if ui.checkbox(&mut enabled, "").changed() {
+                        correction_action = Some((rule.id.clone(), Some(enabled)));
                     }
-                    self.status = if replay.truncated {
-                        format!("事件积压 {dropped} 条，已重置派生界面并重放可用事件")
+                    ui.label(format!("{} → {}", rule.pattern, rule.replacement));
+                    ui.label(format!("{:?}", rule.source));
+                    if ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.delete")).clicked() {
+                        correction_action = Some((rule.id.clone(), None));
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+            if let (Some(backend), Some((id, enabled))) = (self.backend(), correction_action) {
+                self.spawn(async move {
+                    if let Some(enabled) = enabled {
+                        backend.set_correction_rule_enabled(&id, enabled)?;
                     } else {
-                        format!("事件积压 {dropped} 条，已从 Core 重放补齐")
-                    };
-                }
+                        backend.remove_correction_rule(&id)?;
+                    }
+                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.correction_updated").to_string())
+                });
             }
-            while let Ok(result) = self.rx.try_recv() {
-                match result {
-                    UiResult::Environment(environment) => {
-                        self.environment = Some(environment);
-                        self.environment_refreshing = false;
+        }
+
+        fn styles_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.style_note"));
+            ui.group(|ui| {
+                ui.strong(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.direct_hotkey"));
+                let previous_id = self.style_hotkey_pack_id.clone();
+                egui::ComboBox::from_id_salt("style-hotkey-pack")
+                    .selected_text(
+                        self.style_packs
+                            .iter()
+                            .find(|pack| pack.id == self.style_hotkey_pack_id)
+                            .map(|pack| pack.name.as_str())
+                            .unwrap_or_else(|| tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.choose_style")),
+                    )
+                    .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                        for pack in &self.style_packs {
+                            ui.selectable_value(
+                                &mut self.style_hotkey_pack_id,
+                                pack.id.clone(),
+                                &pack.name,
+                            );
+                        }
+                    });
+                if previous_id != self.style_hotkey_pack_id {
+                    let binding = self.preferences.as_ref().and_then(|preferences| {
+                        preferences
+                            .style_pack_hotkeys
+                            .iter()
+                            .find(|hotkey| hotkey.pack_id == self.style_hotkey_pack_id)
+                            .map(|hotkey| hotkey.binding.clone())
+                    });
+                    self.style_hotkey_primary = binding
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .map(|binding| binding.primary.clone())
+                        .unwrap_or_default();
+                    self.style_hotkey_modifiers = binding
+                        .map(|binding| binding.modifiers.join("+"))
+                        .unwrap_or_default();
+                }
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.primary"));
+                    ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.style_hotkey_primary);
+                    ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.modifiers"));
+                    ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.style_hotkey_modifiers);
+                });
+                let save = ui
+                    .add_enabled(
+                        !self.style_hotkey_pack_id.is_empty()
+                            && !self.style_hotkey_primary.trim().is_empty(),
+                        egui::Button::new(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.save_direct_hotkey")),
+                    )
+                    .clicked();
+                let remove = ui
+                    .add_enabled(
+                        !self.style_hotkey_pack_id.is_empty(),
+                        egui::Button::new(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.remove_direct_hotkey")),
+                    )
+                    .clicked();
+                if save || remove {
+                    if let (Some(native), Some(mut preferences), Some(snapshot)) =
+                        (&self.native, self.preferences.clone(), &self.snapshot)
+                    {
+                        let pack_id = self.style_hotkey_pack_id.clone();
+                        let desired = save.then(|| openless_core::shared_types::ShortcutBinding {
+                            primary: self.style_hotkey_primary.trim().to_string(),
+                            modifiers: self
+                                .style_hotkey_modifiers
+                                .split('+')
+                                .map(str::trim)
+                                .filter(|modifier| !modifier.is_empty())
+                                .map(ToOwned::to_owned)
+                                .collect(),
+                        });
+                        set_style_pack_hotkey(&mut preferences, &pack_id, desired.clone());
+                        let host = native.host_arc();
+                        let revision = snapshot.preferences_revision;
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                match host.update_settings_strict(preferences, revision) {
+                                    Err(error)
+                                        if error.code == openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Busy =>
+                                    {
+                                        let mut latest = host.backend().get_preferences();
+                                        set_style_pack_hotkey(&mut latest, &pack_id, desired);
+                                        let revision = host.snapshot().preferences_revision;
+                                        host.update_settings_strict(latest, revision)
+                                    }
+                                    result => result,
+                                }
+                            })
+                            .await
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })??;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.style_hotkey_saved").to_string())
+                        });
                     }
-                    UiResult::Message(message) => self.status = message,
-                    UiResult::Models(Ok(models)) => self.models = ModelsState::Loaded(models),
-                    UiResult::Models(Err(error)) => {
-                        self.models = ModelsState::Failed(error.clone());
-                        self.status = error;
+                }
+            });
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.new_style")).clicked() {
+                    self.style_editor = Some(openless_core::StylePack {
+                        id: uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
+                        name: tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.new_style_default").to_string(),
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    });
+                }
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.import_zip")).clicked() {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            let path = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(|| {
+                                rfd::FileDialog::new()
+                                    .add_filter("OpenLess style pack", &["zip"])
+                                    .pick_file()
+                            })
+                            .await
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })?
+                            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                    tr_l10n(lang, "dialog.style_import_cancelled"),
+                                )
+                            })?;
+                            let pack = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                backend.import_style_pack_path(&path)
+                            })
+                            .await
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })??;
+                            Ok(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.style_imported", &[&pack.name]))
+                        });
                     }
-                    UiResult::Remote(Ok(remote)) => {
-                        self.remote_error = None;
-                        self.remote_access = Some(remote);
+                }
+            });
+            if let Some(editor) = self.style_editor.as_mut() {
+                ui.group(|ui| {
+                    ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "head.style_pack_editor"));
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.name"));
+                        ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut editor.name);
+                        ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.version"));
+                        ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut editor.version);
+                    });
+                    ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.description"));
+                    ui.text_edit_multiline(&mut editor.description);
+                    egui::ComboBox::from_label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.base_mode"))
+                        .selected_text(editor.base_mode.display_name())
+                        .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                            for mode in [
+                                openless_core::PolishMode::Raw,
+                                openless_core::PolishMode::Light,
+                                openless_core::PolishMode::Structured,
+                                openless_core::PolishMode::Formal,
+                            ] {
+                                ui.selectable_value(
+                                    &mut editor.base_mode,
+                                    mode,
+                                    mode.display_name(),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        });
+                    ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.dictation_prompt"));
+                    ui.add(egui::TextEdit::multiline(&mut editor.prompt).desired_rows(6));
+                    ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.selection_prompt"));
+                    ui.add(egui::TextEdit::multiline(&mut editor.selection_prompt).desired_rows(4));
+                });
+                let mut save = false;
+                let mut cancel = false;
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    save = ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.save_style")).clicked();
+                    cancel = ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.cancel_edit")).clicked();
+                });
+                if cancel {
+                    self.style_editor = None;
+                } else if save {
+                    let pack = self.style_editor.take().expect("editor exists");
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        let exists = self.style_packs.iter().any(|item| item.id == pack.id);
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            let saved = if exists {
+                                backend.update_style_pack(pack)?
+                            } else {
+                                backend.create_style_pack(pack)?
+                            };
+                            Ok(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.style_saved", &[&saved.name]))
+                        });
                     }
-                    UiResult::Remote(Err(error)) => {
-                        self.remote_access = None;
-                        self.remote_error = Some(error.clone());
-                        self.status = error;
+                }
+                ui.separator();
+            }
+            let mut action: Option<(String, &'static str, bool)> = None;
+            for pack in self.style_packs.clone() {
+                egui::Frame::group(ui.style()).show(ui, |ui| {
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        ui.heading(&pack.name);
+                        if pack.active {
+                            ui.label(
+                                egui::RichText::new(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.current"))
+                                    .color(theme::BLUE),
+                            );
+                        }
+                        ui.label(format!("{:?} · {:?}", pack.kind, pack.base_mode));
+                    });
+                    ui.label(&pack.description);
+                    if let Some(author) = &pack.author {
+                        ui.label(fmt_l10n(
+                            lang,
+                            "lbl.author_version",
+                            &[author, &pack.version],
+                        ));
                     }
-                    UiResult::Providers(Ok(panel)) => {
-                        if panel.kind != self.provider_kind {
-                            continue;
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        if !pack.active && ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.set_current")).clicked() {
+                            action = Some((pack.id.clone(), "activate", true));
                         }
-                        if !panel.descriptors.iter().any(|descriptor| {
-                            descriptor.provider_type.as_str() == self.new_provider_type
-                        }) {
-                            self.new_provider_type = panel
-                                .descriptors
-                                .first()
-                                .map(|descriptor| descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string())
-                                .unwrap_or_default();
+                        let mut enabled = pack.enabled;
+                        if ui
+                            .checkbox(&mut enabled, tr_l10n(lang, "btn.enable_label"))
+                            .changed()
+                        {
+                            action = Some((pack.id.clone(), "enabled", enabled));
                         }
-                        let selected = self
-                            .selected_channel_id
-                            .as_ref()
-                            .filter(|id| panel.channels.iter().any(|channel| &channel.id == *id))
-                            .cloned()
-                            .or_else(|| {
-                                panel
-                                    .channels
-                                    .iter()
-                                    .find(|channel| channel.id == panel.active_provider)
-                                    .map(|channel| channel.id.clone())
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.preview_runtime")).clicked() {
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let diagnostics = backend.preview_style_pack_runtime(&pack);
+                                self.status = fmt_l10n(
+                                    lang,
+                                    "status.style_preview",
+                                    &[
+                                        &diagnostics.pack_name,
+                                        &diagnostics.single_turn_prompt_chars,
+                                        &diagnostics.multi_turn_prompt_chars,
+                                        &diagnostics.hotwords.len(),
+                                    ],
+                                );
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if pack.kind == openless_core::StylePackKind::Imported
+                            && ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.edit")).clicked()
+                        {
+                            self.style_editor = Some(pack.clone());
+                        }
+                        if pack.kind == openless_core::StylePackKind::Imported
+                            && ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.delete")).clicked()
+                        {
+                            action = Some((pack.id.clone(), "delete", false));
+                        }
+                        if pack.kind == openless_core::StylePackKind::Builtin
+                            && ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.reset_builtin")).clicked()
+                        {
+                            action = Some((pack.id.clone(), "reset", false));
+                        }
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.export_zip")).clicked() {
+                            action = Some((pack.id.clone(), "export", false));
+                        }
+                    });
+                });
+                ui.add_space(8.0);
+            }
+            if let (Some(backend), Some((id, operation, value))) = (self.backend(), action) {
+                self.spawn(async move {
+                    match operation {
+                        "activate" => {
+                            backend.activate_style_pack(&id)?;
+                        }
+                        "enabled" => {
+                            backend.set_style_pack_enabled(&id, value)?;
+                        }
+                        "delete" => {
+                            backend.remove_style_pack(&id)?;
+                        }
+                        "reset" => {
+                            backend.reset_builtin_style_pack(&id)?;
+                        }
+                        "export" => {
+                            let bytes = backend.export_style_pack_bytes(&id)?;
+                            let destination = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                rfd::FileDialog::new()
+                                    .add_filter("OpenLess style pack", &["zip"])
+                                    .set_file_name(format!("openless-style-{id}.zip"))
+                                    .save_file()
                             })
-                            .or_else(|| panel.channels.first().map(|channel| channel.id.clone()));
-                        self.selected_channel_id = selected.clone();
-                        if self.pending_channel_delete.as_ref().is_some_and(|id| {
-                            !panel.channels.iter().any(|channel| &channel.id == id)
-                        }) {
-                            self.pending_channel_delete = None;
+                            .await
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })?
+                            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                    tr_l10n(lang, "dialog.style_export_cancelled"),
+                                )
+                            })?;
+                            tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                openless_linux_egui::atomic_save(&destination, &bytes)
+                            })
+                            .await
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })?
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })?;
                         }
-                        self.providers = ProvidersState::Loaded(panel.clone());
-                        self.provider_models.clear();
-                        if let Some(channel_id) = selected {
-                            if let Some((channel, descriptor)) =
-                                provider_channel_descriptor(&panel, &channel_id)
-                            {
-                                self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Loading {
-                                    kind: panel.kind,
-                                    channel_id,
-                                };
-                                self.load_provider_editor(panel.kind, channel, descriptor);
+                        _ => unreachable!(),
+                    }
+                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.style_updated").to_string())
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn marketplace_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.marketplace_query);
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.search_refresh")).clicked() {
+                    self.load_marketplace();
+                }
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.github_login")).clicked() {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        let tx = self.tx.clone();
+                        self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                            let result = backend
+                                .services()
+                                .marketplace
+                                .start_device_flow()
+                                .await
+                                .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                            let _ = tx.send(UiResult::MarketplaceFlow(result));
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.logout")).clicked() {
+                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        self.spawn(async move {
+                            backend.services().marketplace.logout().await?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.logout_done").to_string())
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.my_publish_like")).clicked() {
+                    self.load_marketplace_mine();
+                }
+            });
+            if let Some(flow) = self.marketplace_flow.clone() {
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(fmt_l10n(lang, "lbl.device_code", &[&flow.user_code]));
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.open_github")).clicked() {
+                        let url = flow.verification_uri.clone();
+                        std::thread::spawn(move || {
+                            if let Err(error) = open_external(&url) {
+                                eprintln!("OpenLess GitHub login URL failed: {error}");
                             }
-                        } else {
-                            self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Idle;
+                        });
+                    }
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.check_auth")).clicked() {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            let tx = self.tx.clone();
+                            let flow_id = flow.flow_id.clone();
+                            self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                                let result = backend
+                                    .services()
+                                    .marketplace
+                                    .poll_device_flow(flow_id)
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                                let _ = tx.send(UiResult::MarketplaceAuthPoll(result));
+                            });
                         }
                     }
-                    UiResult::Providers(Err(error)) => {
-                        self.providers = ProvidersState::Failed(error.clone());
-                        self.status = error;
+                });
+            }
+            if self.marketplace_items.is_empty() {
+                ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "marketplace.not_loaded"));
+                return;
+            }
+            if let Some(detail) = &self.marketplace_detail {
+                ui.group(|ui| {
+                    ui.heading(fmt_l10n(
+                        lang,
+                        "head.marketplace_detail",
+                        &[&detail.summary.name],
+                    ));
+                    ui.label(fmt_l10n(lang, "lbl.status_colon", &[&detail.state]));
+                    ui.label(&detail.prompt);
+                });
+            }
+            if !self.marketplace_my_packs.is_empty() || !self.marketplace_my_likes.is_empty() {
+                ui.group(|ui| {
+                    ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "head.marketplace_mine"));
+                    ui.label(fmt_l10n(
+                        lang,
+                        "lbl.liked",
+                        &[&self.marketplace_my_likes.len()],
+                    ));
+                    for pack in &self.marketplace_my_packs {
+                        ui.label(format!("{} · {}", pack.summary.name, pack.state));
                     }
-                    UiResult::ProviderEditor {
-                        kind,
-                        channel_id,
-                        result,
-                    } => {
-                        if kind != self.provider_kind
-                            || self.selected_channel_id.as_deref() != Some(channel_id.as_str())
-                        {
-                            continue;
+                });
+            }
+            let mut action: Option<(String, &'static str)> = None;
+            for pack in &self.marketplace_items {
+                egui::Frame::group(ui.style()).show(ui, |ui| {
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        ui.heading(&pack.name);
+                        ui.label(format!("@{} · {}", pack.author_login, pack.version));
+                    });
+                    ui.label(&pack.description);
+                    ui.label(fmt_l10n(
+                        lang,
+                        "lbl.like_dl",
+                        &[&pack.like_count, &pack.download_count, &pack.base_mode],
+                    ));
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.install")).clicked() {
+                            action = Some((pack.id.clone(), "install"));
                         }
-                        match *result {
-                            Ok(editor) => {
-                                // Reads race with channel switching and mutation
-                                // refreshes. Only the still-selected channel may install
-                                // its editor, otherwise late credential data is ignored.
-                                self.provider_editor =
-                                    ProviderEditorState::Loaded(Box::new(editor));
-                            }
-                            Err(error) => {
-                                self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Failed(error.clone());
-                                self.status = error;
-                            }
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.toggle_like")).clicked() {
+                            action = Some((pack.id.clone(), "like"));
                         }
-                    }
-                    UiResult::ProviderModels {
-                        kind,
-                        channel_id,
-                        result,
-                    } => {
-                        if kind == self.provider_kind
-                            && self.selected_channel_id.as_deref() == Some(channel_id.as_str())
-                        {
-                            match result {
-                                Ok(models) => {
-                                    self.status = format!("已读取 {} 个模型", models.len());
-                                    self.provider_models = models;
-                                }
-                                Err(error) => self.status = error,
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.detail")).clicked() {
+                            action = Some((pack.id.clone(), "detail"));
+                        }
+                        if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.download_zip")).clicked() {
+                            action = Some((pack.id.clone(), "download"));
+                        }
+                    });
+                });
+                ui.add_space(8.0);
+            }
+            if let (Some(backend), Some((id, operation))) = (self.backend(), action) {
+                let tx = self.tx.clone();
+                self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                    match operation {
+                        "install" => {
+                            let result = backend
+                                .services()
+                                .marketplace
+                                .install(id)
+                                .await
+                                .map(|pack| {
+                                    fmt_l10n(lang, "status.marketplace_installed", &[&pack.name])
+                                })
+                                .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                            let _ =
+                                tx.send(UiResult::Message(result.unwrap_or_else(|error| error)));
+                        }
+                        "like" => {
+                            let result = backend.services().marketplace.toggle_like(id).await;
+                            let message = result
+                                .map(|result| {
+                                    fmt_l10n(lang, "status.marketplace_like", &[&result.like_count])
+                                })
+                                .unwrap_or_else(|error| error.to_string());
+                            let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Message(message));
+                        }
+                        "detail" => {
+                            let result = backend
+                                .services()
+                                .marketplace
+                                .detail(id)
+                                .await
+                                .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                            let _ = tx.send(UiResult::MarketplaceDetail(result));
+                        }
+                        "download" => {
+                            let result = async {
+                                let bytes = backend
+                                    .services()
+                                    .marketplace
+                                    .download_archive(id.clone())
+                                    .await?;
+                                let destination = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                    rfd::FileDialog::new()
+                                        .add_filter("OpenLess style pack", &["zip"])
+                                        .set_file_name(format!("openless-marketplace-{id}.zip"))
+                                        .save_file()
+                                })
+                                .await
+                                .map_err(|error| {
+                                    BackendError::new(
+                                        openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                        error.to_string(),
+                                    )
+                                })?
+                                .ok_or_else(|| {
+                                    BackendError::new(
+                                        openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                        tr_l10n(lang, "dialog.marketplace_zip_cancelled"),
+                                    )
+                                })?;
+                                tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                    openless_linux_egui::atomic_save(&destination, &bytes)
+                                })
+                                .await
+                                .map_err(|error| {
+                                    BackendError::new(
+                                        openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                        error.to_string(),
+                                    )
+                                })?
+                                .map_err(|error| {
+                                    BackendError::new(
+                                        openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                                        error.to_string(),
+                                    )
+                                })?;
+                                Ok::<_, BackendError>(
+                                    tr_l10n(lang, "status.marketplace_zip_saved").to_string(),
+                                )
                             }
+                            .await
+                            .unwrap_or_else(|error| error.to_string());
+                            let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Message(result));
                         }
+                        _ => unreachable!(),
                     }
-                    UiResult::ProviderMutation(result) => {
-                        match result {
-                            Ok(message) => self.status = message,
-                            Err(error) => self.status = error,
-                        }
-                        self.providers = ProvidersState::Loading;
-                        self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Idle;
-                        self.provider_models.clear();
-                        self.load_providers(self.provider_kind);
+                });
+            }
+            ui.separator();
+            ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "head.publish_local"));
+            let mut local_action: Option<(String, Option<String>, &'static str)> = None;
+            for pack in self
+                .style_packs
+                .iter()
+                .filter(|pack| pack.kind == openless_core::StylePackKind::Imported)
+            {
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(&pack.name);
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.upload_update")).clicked() {
+                        local_action =
+                            Some((pack.id.clone(), pack.origin_pack_id.clone(), "upload"));
                     }
-                }
+                });
             }
-            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                self.snapshot = Some(backend.snapshot());
+            for pack in &self.marketplace_my_packs {
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(fmt_l10n(lang, "lbl.published", &[&pack.summary.name]));
+                    if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.delete_publish")).clicked() {
+                        local_action = Some((pack.summary.id.clone(), None, "delete"));
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+            if let (Some(backend), Some((id, origin, operation))) = (self.backend(), local_action) {
+                self.spawn(async move {
+                    match operation {
+                        "upload" => {
+                            let result = backend.services().marketplace.upload(id, origin).await?;
+                            Ok(fmt_l10n(
+                                lang,
+                                "status.marketplace_published",
+                                &[&result.state, &result.message],
+                            ))
+                        }
+                        "delete" => {
+                            backend.services().marketplace.delete(id).await?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.marketplace_deleted").to_string())
+                        }
+                        _ => unreachable!(),
+                    }
+                });
             }
         }
 
-        fn dictation_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.heading("听写");
-            let phase = self
-                .snapshot
-                .as_ref()
-                .map(|snapshot| snapshot.dictation.phase)
-                .unwrap_or(DictationPhase::Idle);
+        fn history_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            ui.heading(tr_l10n(lang, "nav.history"));
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                if ui
-                    .add_enabled(phase == DictationPhase::Idle, egui::Button::new("开始"))
-                    .clicked()
-                {
+                ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "lbl.search"));
+                ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.history_search);
+                if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.clear_all")).clicked() {
                     if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.transcript.clear();
                         self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.start_dictation().await?;
-                            Ok("正在录音".to_string())
+                            backend.clear_history()?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.history_cleared").to_string())
                         });
                     }
                 }
-                if ui
-                    .add_enabled(
-                        phase == DictationPhase::Recording,
-                        egui::Button::new("停止"),
-                    )
-                    .clicked()
-                {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            let result = backend.stop_dictation().await?;
-                            Ok(format!("完成：{} 字", result.polished_text.chars().count()))
-                        });
-                    }
+            });
+            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            match backend.list_history() {
+                Ok(history) if history.is_empty() => {
+                    ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "history.empty"));
                 }
-                if ui
-                    .add_enabled(phase != DictationPhase::Idle, egui::Button::new("取消"))
-                    .clicked()
-                {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.cancel_dictation(None).await?;
-                            Ok("听写已取消".to_string())
+                Ok(history) => {
+                    let query = self.history_search.trim().to_lowercase();
+                    let mut action: Option<(String, &'static str, String)> = None;
+                    for item in history
+                        .into_iter()
+                        .rev()
+                        .filter(|item| {
+                            query.is_empty()
+                                || item.final_text.to_lowercase().contains(&query)
+                                || item.raw_transcript.to_lowercase().contains(&query)
+                        })
+                        .take(100)
+                    {
+                        let delivery = match item.insert_status {
+                            HistoryInsertStatus::Inserted => tr_l10n(lang, "history.inserted"),
+                            HistoryInsertStatus::CopiedFallback => {
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "history.copied_fallback")
+                            }
+                            HistoryInsertStatus::PasteSent => tr_l10n(lang, "history.paste_sent"),
+                            HistoryInsertStatus::Failed => tr_l10n(lang, "history.failed"),
+                            HistoryInsertStatus::NotRequested => {
+                                tr_l10n(lang, "history.not_requested")
+                            }
+                        };
+                        egui::Frame::group(ui.style()).show(ui, |ui| {
+                            ui.label(format!("{} · {}", item.created_at, delivery));
+                            ui.label(&item.final_text);
+                            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                                if ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.copy")).clicked() {
+                                    action =
+                                        Some((item.id.clone(), "copy", item.final_text.clone()));
+                                }
+                                if ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.repolish")).clicked() {
+                                    action = Some((
+                                        item.id.clone(),
+                                        "repolish",
+                                        item.raw_transcript.clone(),
+                                    ));
+                                }
+                                if item.has_audio_recording == Some(true) {
+                                    if ui
+                                        .small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.play_recording"))
+                                        .clicked()
+                                    {
+                                        action = Some((item.id.clone(), "play", String::new()));
+                                    }
+                                    if ui
+                                        .small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.export_recording"))
+                                        .clicked()
+                                    {
+                                        action = Some((item.id.clone(), "export", String::new()));
+                                    }
+                                    if ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.retranscribe")).clicked()
+                                    {
+                                        action =
+                                            Some((item.id.clone(), "retranscribe", String::new()));
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                if ui.small_button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.delete")).clicked() {
+                                    action = Some((item.id.clone(), "delete", String::new()));
+                                }
+                            });
                         });
+                        ui.add_space(6.0);
+                    }
+                    if let Some((id, operation, text)) = action {
+                        match operation {
+                            "copy" => match fcitx5_copy_to_clipboard(&text) {
+                                Ok(()) => {
+                                    self.status = tr_l10n(lang, "status.history_copied").to_string()
+                                }
+                                Err(error) => {
+                                    self.status = fmt_l10n(lang, "status.copy_failed", &[&error])
+                                }
+                            },
+                            "repolish" => {
+                                let service = Arc::clone(&backend.services().auxiliary);
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let polished = service
+                                        .repolish(openless_core::RepolishRequest {
+                                            raw_text: text,
+                                            style_pack_id: None,
+                                            front_app: None,
+                                        })
+                                        .await?;
+                                    Ok(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.repolish_done", &[&polished]))
+                                });
+                            }
+                            "delete" => self.spawn(async move {
+                                backend.delete_history(&id)?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.history_deleted").to_string())
+                            }),
+                            "play" => {
+                                let data_dir = backend.config().data_dir.clone();
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let path = openless_linux_egui::recording_path(&data_dir, &id)
+                                        .map_err(|error| {
+                                            BackendError::new(
+                                                openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Persistence,
+                                                error.to_string(),
+                                            )
+                                        })?;
+                                    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        openless_linux_egui::open_local_file(&path)
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.opened_player").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
+                            "export" => {
+                                let data_dir = backend.config().data_dir.clone();
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let file_name = format!("openless-recording-{id}.wav");
+                                    let destination = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        rfd::FileDialog::new()
+                                            .add_filter("WAV audio", &["wav"])
+                                            .set_file_name(file_name)
+                                            .save_file()
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                            tr_l10n(lang, "dialog.recording_export_cancelled"),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    let wav = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        openless_linux_egui::read_recording_wav(&data_dir, &id)
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Persistence,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    let saved = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        openless_linux_egui::atomic_save(&destination, &wav)
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    Ok(fmt_l10n(
+                                        lang,
+                                        "status.recording_exported",
+                                        &[&saved.display()],
+                                    ))
+                                });
+                            }
+                            "retranscribe" => {
+                                let data_dir = backend.config().data_dir.clone();
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let recording_id = id.clone();
+                                    let wav = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        openless_linux_egui::read_recording_wav(
+                                            &data_dir,
+                                            &recording_id,
+                                        )
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Persistence,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    let pcm = openless_linux_egui::recording_pcm(&wav)
+                                        .map_err(|error| {
+                                            BackendError::new(
+                                                openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Persistence,
+                                                error.to_string(),
+                                            )
+                                        })?
+                                        .to_vec();
+                                    let started = std::time::Instant::now();
+                                    let result = backend
+                                        .services()
+                                        .auxiliary
+                                        .retranscribe_pcm(pcm)
+                                        .await
+                                        .map_err(|failure| failure.error)?;
+                                    let entry = backend.apply_history_retranscription(
+                                        &id,
+                                        result.text,
+                                        &result.asr,
+                                        started.elapsed().as_millis() as u64,
+                                    )?;
+                                    Ok(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.retranscribed", &[&entry.final_text]))
+                                });
+                            }
+                            _ => unreachable!(),
+                        }
                     }
                 }
-            });
-            ui.label(if self.transcript.is_empty() {
-                "尚无转写结果"
-            } else {
-                &self.transcript
-            });
-        }
-
-        fn less_computer_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.heading("Less Computer");
-            ui.text_edit_multiline(&mut self.less_computer_input);
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                if ui.button("运行").clicked() && !self.less_computer_input.trim().is_empty() {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        let prompt = self.less_computer_input.clone();
-                        self.less_computer_output.clear();
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.submit_less_computer(prompt).await?;
-                            Ok("Less Computer 已完成".to_string())
-                        });
-                    }
+                Err(error) => {
+                    ui.label(error.to_string());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // ── Frontend bridge ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+        /// Sync backend state into the frontend view model each frame before
+        /// rendering. Only fields that have real data sources are populated;
+        /// unwired fields remain in their default empty / loading state.
+        fn sync_view_model(&mut self) {
+            // Capture overview error before taking a mutable borrow on frontend_vm.
+            let overview_err = self.overview_error();
+            let backend = self.backend();
+            let lang = self.lang;
+
+            let vm = &mut self.frontend_vm;
+
+            // Map shell::Page to frontend::Page.
+            vm.active_page = match self.active_page {
+                shell::Page::Overview => frontend::view_model::Page::Overview,
+                shell::Page::History => frontend::view_model::Page::History,
+                shell::Page::Vocabulary => frontend::view_model::Page::Vocab,
+                shell::Page::Styles => frontend::view_model::Page::Style,
+                shell::Page::Marketplace => frontend::view_model::Page::Marketplace,
+                shell::Page::Providers => frontend::view_model::Page::Settings,
+                shell::Page::Assistant => frontend::view_model::Page::SelectionAsk,
+            };
+
+            vm.status = self.status.clone();
+            vm.version = env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION").to_string();
+
+            // Overview: wire real data when available.
+            if let Some(summary) = self.overview.summary(chrono::Local::now().date_naive()) {
+                vm.overview_loading = false;
+                vm.overview_error = None;
+                vm.overview = Some(frontend::view_model::OverviewSummary {
+                    asr_provider: summary.asr_provider,
+                    llm_provider: summary.llm_provider,
+                    asr_configured: summary.asr_configured,
+                    llm_configured: summary.llm_configured,
+                    chars_today: summary.chars_today,
+                    segments_today: summary.segments_today,
+                    duration_ms_today: summary.duration_ms_today,
+                    avg_latency_ms: summary.avg_latency_ms,
+                    history_total: summary.history_total,
+                    recent: summary
+                        .recent
+                        .into_iter()
+                        .map(|entry| frontend::view_model::OverviewRecentEntry {
+                            created_at: entry.created_at,
+                            final_text: entry.final_text,
+                            duration_ms: entry.duration_ms,
+                        })
+                        .collect(),
+                    last_7_segments: summary.last_7.segments,
+                    last_30_segments: summary.last_30.segments,
+                    heatmap_weeks: summary.heatmap_weeks,
+                    heatmap_days: summary.heatmap_days,
+                    activity_days_total: summary.activity_days_total,
+                });
+            } else if let Some(error) = overview_err {
+                vm.overview_loading = false;
+                vm.overview_error = Some(error);
+                vm.overview = None;
+            } else {
+                vm.overview_loading = true;
+                vm.overview_error = None;
+                vm.overview = None;
+            }
+
+            // Settings: populate from preferences.
+            if let Some(prefs) = &self.preferences {
+                let s = &mut vm.settings;
+                s.streaming_insert = prefs.streaming_insert;
+                s.start_minimized = prefs.start_minimized;
+                s.auto_update = prefs.auto_update_check;
+                s.remote_input = prefs.remote_input_enabled;
+                s.remote_port = prefs.remote_input_port.to_string();
+                s.activity_heatmap = prefs.show_overview_activity_heatmap;
+                s.theme = match prefs.theme_mode {
+                    openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::System => 0,
+                    openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Light => 1,
+                    openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Dark => 2,
+                };
+                s.recording_enabled = true;
+                s.realtime_mode = matches!(
+                    prefs.hotkey.mode,
+                    openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Hold
+                );
+                s.restore_clipboard = true;
+                s.remember_history = true;
+                // Linux: no local model support.
+                s.local_model = false;
+                s.selection_voice = false;
+            }
+
+            // History: wire from Core when backend is available.
+            if let Some(backend) = backend {
+                if let Ok(history) = backend.list_history() {
+                    vm.history_entries = history
+                        .into_iter()
+                        .rev()
+                        .map(|item| frontend::view_model::HistoryEntry {
+                            time: item.id.clone(),
+                            text: item.final_text,
+                            duration: item
+                                .duration_ms
+                                .map(|d| format_duration(d, lang))
+                                .unwrap_or_default(),
+                            tag: match item.insert_status {
+                                HistoryInsertStatus::Inserted => "已插入",
+                                HistoryInsertStatus::CopiedFallback => "已复制",
+                                HistoryInsertStatus::PasteSent => "已发送",
+                                HistoryInsertStatus::Failed => "失败",
+                                HistoryInsertStatus::NotRequested => "未请求",
+                            }
+                            .to_string(),
+                        })
+                        .collect();
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Vocabulary: wire from existing data.
+            if !self.vocabulary.is_empty() {
+                vm.vocab_unsupported = false;
+                vm.vocab_entries = self
+                    .vocabulary
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|entry| frontend::view_model::VocabEntry {
+                        phrase: entry.phrase.clone(),
+                        hits: entry.hits as usize,
+                        enabled: entry.enabled,
+                        learned: false,
+                    })
+                    .collect();
+            }
+
+            // Correction rules: wire from existing data.
+            if !self.correction_rules.is_empty() {
+                vm.vocab_unsupported = false;
+                vm.vocab_rules = self
+                    .correction_rules
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|rule| frontend::view_model::CorrectionRule {
+                        pattern: rule.pattern.clone(),
+                        replacement: rule.replacement.clone(),
+                        enabled: rule.enabled,
+                        learned: false,
+                    })
+                    .collect();
+            }
+            vm.vocab_saved_presets = self
+                .vocab_presets
+                .iter()
+                .map(|preset| frontend::view_model::SavedVocabPreset {
+                    name: preset.name.clone(),
+                    phrases: preset.phrases.join("、"),
+                })
+                .collect();
+
+            // Style packs: wire from existing data.
+            if !self.style_packs.is_empty() {
+                vm.style_unsupported = false;
+                vm.style_packs = self
+                    .style_packs
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|pack| frontend::view_model::StylePack {
+                        name: pack.name.clone(),
+                        description: pack.description.clone(),
+                        tags: vec![pack.base_mode.display_name().to_string()],
+                        accent: theme::BLUE,
+                        is_builtin: pack.kind == openless_core::StylePackKind::Builtin,
+                        is_active: pack.active,
+                    })
+                    .collect();
+            }
+
+            // Marketplace: wire from Core data when available.
+            if !self.marketplace_items.is_empty() {
+                vm.marketplace_loading = false;
+                vm.marketplace_unsupported = false;
+                vm.marketplace_packs = self
+                    .marketplace_items
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|item| frontend::view_model::MarketplacePack {
+                        name: item.name.clone(),
+                        version: item.version.clone(),
+                        description: item.description.clone(),
+                        mode: item.base_mode.clone(),
+                        author: item.author_login.clone(),
+                        tags: vec![item.base_mode.clone()],
+                        likes: item.like_count as u32,
+                        downloads: item.download_count as u32,
+                        is_new: false,
+                    })
+                    .collect();
+            }
+
+            // Startup error.
+            if let Some(error) = &self.startup_error {
+                vm.status = format!("启动失败: {error}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// Returns the overview error string if the overview is in a failed state.
+        fn overview_error(&self) -> Option<String> {
+            match &self.overview {
+                crate::linux_app::OverviewState::Failed(error) => Some(error.clone()),
+                _ => None,
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// Apply a settings toggle from the frontend to the live preferences.
+        fn apply_settings_toggle(&mut self, field: frontend::view_model::SettingsField) {
+            let Some(preferences) = self.preferences.as_mut() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            match field {
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::StreamingInsert => {
+                    preferences.streaming_insert = !preferences.streaming_insert;
+                    self.settings_dirty.streaming_insert = true;
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::StartMinimized => {
+                    preferences.start_minimized = !preferences.start_minimized;
+                    self.settings_dirty.start_minimized = true;
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::AutoUpdate => {
+                    preferences.auto_update_check = !preferences.auto_update_check;
+                    self.settings_dirty.auto_update_check = true;
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::RemoteInput => {
+                    preferences.remote_input_enabled = !preferences.remote_input_enabled;
+                    self.settings_dirty.remote_input_enabled = true;
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::ActivityHeatmap => {
+                    preferences.show_overview_activity_heatmap =
+                        !preferences.show_overview_activity_heatmap;
+                    self.settings_dirty.appearance = true;
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::RealtimeMode => {
+                    preferences.hotkey.mode = match preferences.hotkey.mode {
+                        openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Hold => {
+                            openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Toggle
+                        }
+                        _ => openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Hold,
+                    };
+                    self.settings_dirty.recording = true;
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::RecordingEnabled => {
+                    self.settings_dirty.recording = true;
+                    // Toggle recording enabled state — no-op on preferences directly,
+                    // but marks dirty so save will apply.
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::RestoreClipboard
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsField::StackedLayout
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsField::ConservativeLayout
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsField::SystemProxy
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsField::RememberHistory
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsField::RecordAudio
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsField::LessComputer
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsField::Multimodal
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsField::BetaChannel => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings_notice =
+                        Some(tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.unsupported_linux").to_string());
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::SelectionAssistant => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings_notice =
+                        Some(tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.unsupported_linux").to_string());
                 }
-                if ui.button("取消").clicked() {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.cancel_less_computer(None).await?;
-                            Ok("Less Computer 已取消".to_string())
-                        });
-                    }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::SelectionVoice => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings_notice =
+                        Some(tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.unsupported_linux").to_string());
                 }
-            });
-            ui.label(if self.less_computer_output.is_empty() {
-                "尚无 Agent 输出"
-            } else {
-                &self.less_computer_output
-            });
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::LocalModel => {
+                    // Linux does not support local model inference.
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings_notice =
+                        Some(tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.unsupported_linux").to_string());
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsField::MarketplaceEnabled => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.marketplace_unsupported =
+                        !self.frontend_vm.marketplace_unsupported;
+                }
+            }
+            self.save_settings_if_dirty();
         }
 
-        fn agent_approval_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            if let Some((token, command)) = self.pending_approval.clone() {
-                egui::ScrollArea::vertical()
-                    .id_salt("approval_command")
-                    .max_height(72.0)
-                    .show(ui, |ui| {
-                        ui.label(format!("请求执行：{command}"));
-                    });
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    for (label, approved) in [("允许", true), ("拒绝", false)] {
-                        if ui.button(label).clicked() {
-                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                                let token = token.clone();
-                                self.pending_approval = None;
-                                self.spawn(async move {
-                                    backend
-                                        .services()
-                                        .less_computer
-                                        .approve(token, approved)
-                                        .await?;
-                                    Ok("审批已提交".to_string())
-                                });
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                });
+        /// Apply a settings combo change from the frontend.
+        fn apply_settings_combo(
+            &mut self,
+            field: frontend::view_model::SettingsComboField,
+            index: usize,
+        ) {
+            let Some(preferences) = self.preferences.as_mut() else {
+                return;
+            };
+            match field {
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsComboField::Theme => {
+                    preferences.theme_mode = match index {
+                        0 => openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::System,
+                        1 => openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Light,
+                        2 => openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Dark,
+                        _ => return,
+                    };
+                    self.settings_dirty.appearance = true;
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings.theme = index;
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsComboField::Language => {
+                    let pref = match index {
+                        0 => LocalePref::System,
+                        1 => LocalePref::Lang(Lang::ZhCn),
+                        2 => LocalePref::Lang(Lang::ZhTw),
+                        3 => LocalePref::Lang(Lang::En),
+                        4 => LocalePref::Lang(Lang::Ja),
+                        5 => LocalePref::Lang(Lang::Ko),
+                        _ => return,
+                    };
+                    self.apply_locale_pref(pref);
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings.language = index;
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsComboField::Provider
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsComboField::Retention
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsComboField::Microphone
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsComboField::RecordingMode => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings_notice =
+                        Some(tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.unsupported_linux").to_string());
+                }
             }
+            self.save_settings_if_dirty();
         }
 
-        fn qa_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.heading("问答");
-            if !self.qa_visible {
-                ui.label("打开问答后可文字提问或语音提问。切换页面会保留当前会话；关闭会话使用下方的关闭操作。");
-                if ui.button("打开问答").clicked() {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.services().qa.show().await?;
-                            Ok("问答已打开".to_string())
-                        });
-                    }
-                }
+        /// Apply a settings text field change from the frontend.
+        fn apply_settings_text(
+            &mut self,
+            field: frontend::view_model::SettingsTextField,
+            text: String,
+        ) {
+            let Some(preferences) = self.preferences.as_mut() else {
                 return;
-            }
-            if let Some(state) = &self.qa_state {
-                if let Some(messages) = &state.messages {
-                    for message in messages {
-                        ui.label(format!("{}：{}", message.role, message.content));
+            };
+            match field {
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsTextField::RemotePort => {
+                    if let Ok(port) = text.parse::<u16>() {
+                        preferences.remote_input_port = port;
+                        self.settings_dirty.remote_input_port = true;
+                        self.frontend_vm.settings.remote_port = text;
                     }
                 }
-                if let Some(chunk) = &state.chunk {
-                    ui.label(chunk);
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsTextField::ApiKey => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings.api_key = text;
                 }
-                if let Some(error) = &state.error {
-                    ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::RED, error);
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsTextField::Endpoint => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings.endpoint = text;
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsTextField::Model => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings.model = text;
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsTextField::ClaudePrompt => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings.claude_prompt = text;
                 }
             }
-            ui.text_edit_multiline(&mut self.qa_input);
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                let recording = self
-                    .qa_state
-                    .as_ref()
-                    .is_some_and(|state| state.kind == QaStateKind::Recording);
-                if ui
-                    .button(if recording {
-                        "结束录音"
-                    } else {
-                        "语音提问"
-                    })
-                    .clicked()
-                {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.services().qa.toggle_recording().await?;
-                            Ok("问答录音状态已更新".to_string())
-                        });
-                    }
+            self.save_settings_if_dirty();
+        }
+
+        /// Apply a settings action button from the frontend.
+        fn apply_settings_action(&mut self, field: frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField) {
+            match field {
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::ConnectionTest => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings_notice =
+                        Some(tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.unsupported_linux").to_string());
                 }
-                if ui.button("发送").clicked() && !self.qa_input.trim().is_empty() {
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::ClearHistory => {
                     if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        let text = std::mem::take(&mut self.qa_input);
+                        let lang = self.lang;
                         self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.services().qa.submit_text(text).await?;
-                            Ok("问答已提交".to_string())
+                            backend.clear_history()?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.history_cleared").to_string())
                         });
                     }
                 }
-                if ui.button("关闭").clicked() {
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::ExportDiagnostics => {
                     if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                        let source = openless_linux_egui::log_path(&backend.config().data_dir);
+                        let lang = self.lang;
                         self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.services().qa.dismiss().await?;
-                            Ok("问答已关闭".to_string())
+                            let destination = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(|| {
+                                rfd::FileDialog::new()
+                                    .add_filter("Log", &["log"])
+                                    .set_file_name("openless.log")
+                                    .save_file()
+                            })
+                            .await
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })?
+                            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                    tr_l10n(lang, "dialog.export_log_cancelled"),
+                                )
+                            })?;
+                            tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                openless_linux_egui::export_error_log(&source, &destination)
+                            })
+                            .await
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })?
+                            .map_err(|error| {
+                                BackendError::new(
+                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                                    error.to_string(),
+                                )
+                            })?;
+                            Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.export_log_done").to_string())
                         });
                     }
                 }
-                if ui.button("取消本轮").clicked() {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        let session_id = self
-                            .qa_state
-                            .as_ref()
-                            .and_then(|state| state.session_id.as_deref())
-                            .and_then(|id| uuid::Uuid::parse_str(id).ok())
-                            .map(openless_core::SessionId::from_uuid);
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.services().qa.cancel(session_id).await?;
-                            Ok("问答本轮已取消".to_string())
-                        });
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::CheckUpdate => {
+                    let channel = self
+                        .preferences
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .map(|prefs| prefs.update_channel)
+                        .unwrap_or_default();
+                    self.request_update_check(channel);
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::OpenGitHub => {
+                    let _ = open_external("https://github.com/earendil-works/openless");
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::OpenHelp => {
+                    let _ = open_external("https://github.com/earendil-works/openless");
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::OpenReleaseNotes => {
+                    let _ = open_external("https://github.com/earendil-works/openless/releases");
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::OpenFeedback => {
+                    let _ = open_external("https://github.com/earendil-works/openless/issues");
+                }
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::CopyQQ => {
+                    match fcitx5_copy_to_clipboard("1078960553") {
+                        Ok(()) => {
+                            self.frontend_vm.settings_notice =
+                                Some(tr_l10n(self.lang, "status.copied").to_string());
+                        }
+                        Err(error) => {
+                            self.frontend_vm.settings_notice = Some(format!("复制失败: {error}"));
+                        }
                     }
                 }
-            });
+                frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::ModelManagement
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::ExtensionManagement
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::Permissions
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::ClaudeDetect
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::ClaudeConsole
+                | frontend::view_model::SettingsActionField::ClaudeRunTest => {
+                    self.frontend_vm.settings_notice =
+                        Some(tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.unsupported_linux").to_string());
+                }
+            }
         }
 
-        fn selection_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.heading("选区润色");
-            let Some(selection) = self.selection.clone() else {
-                ui.label("先在目标应用中选中文字，再使用已配置的选区润色快捷键。预览会在此显示，确认前可以编辑或取消。");
-                ui.small("此入口是现有 Selection polish；Selection Voice 的完整意图路由尚未接入。");
+        /// Persist dirty settings if any fields have been changed.
+        fn save_settings_if_dirty(&mut self) {
+            if !self.settings_dirty.any() {
                 return;
-            };
-            ui.label(format!("当前状态：{:?}", selection.phase));
-            if self.selection_preview_visible && selection.phase == SelectionPhase::Preview {
-                ui.strong("选区预览");
-                ui.text_edit_multiline(&mut self.selection_draft);
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    if ui.button("确认替换").clicked() {
-                        if let (Some(backend), Some(session_id)) =
-                            (self.backend(), selection.session_id)
-                        {
-                            let text = self.selection_draft.clone();
-                            self.spawn(async move {
-                                backend
-                                    .services()
-                                    .selection
-                                    .confirm(session_id, Some(text))
-                                    .await?;
-                                Ok("选区替换已确认".to_string())
-                            });
-                        }
-                    }
-                    if ui.button("取消").clicked() {
-                        if let (Some(backend), Some(session_id)) =
-                            (self.backend(), selection.session_id)
-                        {
-                            self.spawn(async move {
-                                backend
-                                    .services()
-                                    .selection
-                                    .cancel(Some(session_id))
-                                    .await?;
-                                Ok("选区替换已取消".to_string())
-                            });
-                        }
-                    }
-                });
-            } else if selection.phase == SelectionPhase::Completed
-                && selection.revert_outcome.is_none()
+            }
+            if let (Some(native), Some(draft), Some(snapshot)) =
+                (&self.native, self.preferences.clone(), &self.snapshot)
             {
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    ui.label("最近一次选区替换已完成");
-                    if ui.button("撤销").clicked() {
-                        if let (Some(backend), Some(session_id)) =
-                            (self.backend(), selection.session_id)
-                        {
-                            self.spawn(async move {
-                                backend.services().selection.revert(session_id).await?;
-                                Ok("选区替换已撤销".to_string())
-                            });
+                let host = native.host_arc();
+                let revision = snapshot.preferences_revision;
+                let dirty = self.settings_dirty;
+                let tx = self.tx.clone();
+                self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                    let outcome = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                        let save = |preferences, revision| {
+                            if dirty.hotkeys {
+                                host.update_settings_strict(preferences, revision)
+                            } else {
+                                host.save_settings(preferences, revision)
+                            }
+                        };
+                        match save(draft.clone(), revision) {
+                            Err(error) if error.code == openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Busy => {
+                                let latest_snapshot = host.snapshot();
+                                let latest = host.backend().get_preferences();
+                                save(
+                                    dirty.merge(&latest, &draft),
+                                    latest_snapshot.preferences_revision,
+                                )
+                            }
+                            result => result,
                         }
-                    }
+                    })
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|error| error.to_string())
+                    .and_then(|result| result.map_err(|error| error.to_string()));
+                    let _ = tx.send(UiResult::SettingsSaved(Box::new(outcome)));
                 });
             }
         }
 
-        fn models_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                ui.heading("本地模型");
-                if ui.button("刷新").clicked() {
-                    self.models = ModelsState::Loading;
-                    self.load_models();
-                }
-            });
-            let models = match self.models.clone() {
-                ModelsState::Loading => {
-                    ui.label("正在加载模型目录…");
-                    return;
-                }
-                ModelsState::Failed(error) => {
-                    ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::RED, error);
-                    return;
-                }
-                ModelsState::Loaded(models) if models.is_empty() => {
-                    ui.label("模型目录未返回任何可用模型");
-                    return;
-                }
-                ModelsState::Loaded(models) => models,
-            };
-            for model in models {
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    ui.label(format!(
-                        "{} · {} · {}",
-                        model.display_name,
-                        model.family,
-                        if model.installed {
-                            "已安装"
-                        } else {
-                            "未安装"
+        /// Dispatch frontend actions to existing Core / backend methods.
+        fn apply_frontend_actions(
+            &mut self,
+            actions: Vec<frontend::view_model::FrontendAction>,
+            ctx: &egui::Context,
+        ) {
+            for action in actions {
+                match action {
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::Navigate(page) => {
+                        self.active_page = match page {
+                            frontend::view_model::Page::Overview => shell::Page::Overview,
+                            frontend::view_model::Page::History => shell::Page::History,
+                            frontend::view_model::Page::Vocab => shell::Page::Vocabulary,
+                            frontend::view_model::Page::Style => shell::Page::Styles,
+                            frontend::view_model::Page::Marketplace => shell::Page::Marketplace,
+                            frontend::view_model::Page::SelectionAsk => shell::Page::Assistant,
+                            frontend::view_model::Page::Translation => shell::Page::Assistant,
+                            frontend::view_model::Page::Settings => shell::Page::Providers,
+                        };
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::ToggleSettings => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.settings_open = !self.frontend_vm.settings_open;
+                        if self.frontend_vm.settings_open {
+                            self.frontend_vm.active_page = frontend::view_model::Page::Settings;
                         }
-                    ));
-                    if !model.installed && ui.button("下载").clicked() {
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::CloseSettings => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.settings_open = false;
+                        self.frontend_vm.active_page = frontend::view_model::Page::Overview;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::SidebarToggleStyle => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.style_open = !self.frontend_vm.style_open;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::SidebarToggleTools => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.tools_open = !self.frontend_vm.tools_open;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::WindowClose => {
+                        ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::WindowMaximize => {
+                        let maximized =
+                            ctx.input(|input| input.viewport().maximized.unwrap_or(false));
+                        ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Maximized(!maximized));
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::WindowMinimize => {
+                        ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Minimized(true));
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::MarketplaceRefresh => {
+                        self.load_marketplace();
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::MarketplaceMyPacks => {
+                        self.load_marketplace_mine();
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::MarketplaceSearch(query) => {
+                        self.marketplace_query = query;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::MarketplaceCloseDetail => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.marketplace_selected = None;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::MarketplaceDetail(index) => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.marketplace_selected = Some(index);
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::MarketplaceInstall(index) => {
+                        if let Some(item) = self.marketplace_items.get(index) {
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let id = item.id.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let pack = backend.services().marketplace.install(id).await?;
+                                    Ok(fmt_l10n(
+                                        lang,
+                                        "status.marketplace_installed",
+                                        &[&pack.name],
+                                    ))
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::MarketplaceDownload(index) => {
+                        if let Some(item) = self.marketplace_items.get(index) {
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let id = item.id.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                let tx = self.tx.clone();
+                                self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                                    let result = async {
+                                        let bytes = backend
+                                            .services()
+                                            .marketplace
+                                            .download_archive(id.clone())
+                                            .await?;
+                                        let destination = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                            rfd::FileDialog::new()
+                                                .add_filter("OpenLess style pack", &["zip"])
+                                                .set_file_name(format!(
+                                                    "openless-marketplace-{id}.zip"
+                                                ))
+                                                .save_file()
+                                        })
+                                        .await
+                                        .map_err(|error| {
+                                            BackendError::new(
+                                                openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                                error.to_string(),
+                                            )
+                                        })?
+                                        .ok_or_else(|| {
+                                            BackendError::new(
+                                                openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                                tr_l10n(lang, "dialog.marketplace_zip_cancelled"),
+                                            )
+                                        })?;
+                                        tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                            openless_linux_egui::atomic_save(&destination, &bytes)
+                                                .map_err(|error| {
+                                                    BackendError::new(
+                                                        openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                                        error.to_string(),
+                                                    )
+                                                })
+                                        })
+                                        .await
+                                        .map_err(
+                                            |error| {
+                                                BackendError::new(
+                                                    openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                                    error.to_string(),
+                                                )
+                                            },
+                                        )??;
+                                        Ok::<_, BackendError>(
+                                            tr_l10n(lang, "status.marketplace_zip_saved")
+                                                .to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    }
+                                    .await
+                                    .unwrap_or_else(|error| error.to_string());
+                                    let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Message(result));
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::MarketplaceToggleLike(index) => {
+                        if let Some(item) = self.marketplace_items.get(index) {
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let id = item.id.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let result =
+                                        backend.services().marketplace.toggle_like(id).await?;
+                                    Ok(fmt_l10n(
+                                        lang,
+                                        "status.marketplace_like",
+                                        &[&result.like_count],
+                                    ))
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::MarketplaceSort(_sort) => {
+                        // Sort is handled locally in the frontend for now.
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistoryClear => {
                         if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                            let target = model.target.clone();
+                            let lang = self.lang;
                             self.spawn(async move {
-                                backend
-                                    .services()
-                                    .local_asr
-                                    .start_download(target, None)
-                                    .await?;
-                                Ok("模型下载完成".to_string())
+                                backend.clear_history()?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.history_cleared").to_string())
                             });
                         }
                     }
-                    if model.installed && ui.button("激活").clicked() {
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistoryRefresh => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.history_cleared = false;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistorySearch(query) => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.history_query = query;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistoryFilter(index) => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.history_filter = index;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistorySelect(index) => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.history_selected = index;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistoryTogglePlay => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.history_audio_playing =
+                            !self.frontend_vm.history_audio_playing;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistoryRepolish => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.history_repolished = true;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistoryDelete(index) => {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            if let Some(entry) = self.frontend_vm.history_entries.get(index) {
+                                let id = entry.time.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    backend.delete_history(&id)?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.history_deleted").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistoryExport(index) => {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            if let Some(entry) = self.frontend_vm.history_entries.get(index) {
+                                let id = entry.time.clone();
+                                let data_dir = backend.config().data_dir.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let file_name = format!("openless-recording-{id}.wav");
+                                    let destination = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        rfd::FileDialog::new()
+                                            .add_filter("WAV audio", &["wav"])
+                                            .set_file_name(file_name)
+                                            .save_file()
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                            tr_l10n(lang, "dialog.recording_export_cancelled"),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    let wav = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        openless_linux_egui::read_recording_wav(&data_dir, &id)
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Persistence,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    let saved = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        openless_linux_egui::atomic_save(&destination, &wav)
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    Ok(fmt_l10n(
+                                        lang,
+                                        "status.recording_exported",
+                                        &[&saved.display()],
+                                    ))
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistoryRepolish => {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            if let Some(entry) = self
+                                .frontend_vm
+                                .history_entries
+                                .get(self.frontend_vm.history_selected)
+                            {
+                                let text = entry.text.clone();
+                                let service = Arc::clone(&backend.services().auxiliary);
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let polished = service
+                                        .repolish(openless_core::RepolishRequest {
+                                            raw_text: text,
+                                            style_pack_id: None,
+                                            front_app: None,
+                                        })
+                                        .await?;
+                                    Ok(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.repolish_done", &[&polished]))
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::HistoryTogglePlay => {
                         if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                            let target = model.target.clone();
-                            self.spawn(async move {
-                                let descriptor =
-                                    openless_core::provider_rules::provider_descriptor(
-                                        openless_core::ProviderKind::Asr,
-                                        "local-qwen3-c",
-                                    )
-                                    .ok_or_else(|| {
-                                        openless_core::BackendError::new(
-                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
-                                            "local Qwen provider is unavailable",
-                                        )
-                                    })?;
-                                let provider_type = descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string();
-                                let existing = backend
-                                    .list_channels(openless_core::ChannelKind::Asr)
-                                    .await?
-                                    .into_iter()
-                                    .find(|channel| channel.provider_type == provider_type)
-                                    .map(|channel| channel.id);
-                                let provider_id = match existing {
-                                    Some(provider_id) => provider_id,
-                                    None => {
-                                        backend
-                                            .create_channel(
-                                                openless_core::ChannelKind::Asr,
-                                                provider_type,
-                                                descriptor.label_key,
+                            if let Some(entry) = self
+                                .frontend_vm
+                                .history_entries
+                                .get(self.frontend_vm.history_selected)
+                            {
+                                let id = entry.time.clone();
+                                let data_dir = backend.config().data_dir.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let path = openless_linux_egui::recording_path(&data_dir, &id)
+                                        .map_err(|error| {
+                                            BackendError::new(
+                                                openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Persistence,
+                                                error.to_string(),
                                             )
-                                            .await?
-                                    }
-                                };
-                                backend
-                                    .activate_local_asr(openless_core::LocalAsrActivationRequest {
-                                        target,
-                                        provider_id,
+                                        })?;
+                                    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        openless_linux_egui::open_local_file(&path)
                                     })
-                                    .await?;
-                                Ok("本地模型已激活并预加载".to_string())
-                            });
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.opened_player").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
                         }
                     }
-                    if ui.button("取消").clicked() {
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::VocabAddPhrase(phrase) => {
                         if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                            let target = model.target.clone();
+                            let lang = self.lang;
                             self.spawn(async move {
-                                backend.services().local_asr.cancel_download(target).await?;
-                                Ok("模型下载已取消".to_string())
+                                backend.add_vocabulary(phrase, None)?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.vocab_saved").to_string())
                             });
                         }
                     }
-                });
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn provider_management_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                ui.strong("凭据渠道");
-                for (kind, label) in [
-                    (openless_core::ChannelKind::Asr, "ASR"),
-                    (openless_core::ChannelKind::Llm, "LLM"),
-                ] {
-                    if ui
-                        .selectable_label(self.provider_kind == kind, label)
-                        .clicked()
-                        && self.provider_kind != kind
-                    {
-                        self.provider_kind = kind;
-                        self.providers = ProvidersState::Loading;
-                        self.selected_channel_id = None;
-                        self.pending_channel_delete = None;
-                        self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Idle;
-                        self.provider_models.clear();
-                        self.load_providers(kind);
-                    }
-                }
-                if ui.button("刷新渠道").clicked() {
-                    self.providers = ProvidersState::Loading;
-                    self.load_providers(self.provider_kind);
-                }
-            });
-
-            let panel = match self.providers.clone() {
-                ProvidersState::Loading => {
-                    ui.label("正在读取 Core 渠道目录…");
-                    return;
-                }
-                ProvidersState::Failed(error) => {
-                    ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::RED, error);
-                    return;
-                }
-                ProvidersState::Loaded(panel) => panel,
-            };
-
-            ui.group(|ui| {
-                ui.label("新增渠道");
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    egui::ComboBox::from_id_salt("new-provider-type")
-                        .selected_text(
-                            panel
-                                .descriptors
-                                .iter()
-                                .find(|item| item.provider_type.as_str() == self.new_provider_type)
-                                .map(provider_descriptor_label)
-                                .unwrap_or_else(|| "选择 Provider".to_string()),
-                        )
-                        .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
-                            for descriptor in &panel.descriptors {
-                                ui.selectable_value(
-                                    &mut self.new_provider_type,
-                                    descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string(),
-                                    provider_descriptor_label(descriptor),
-                                );
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::VocabRemovePhrase(index) => {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            if let Some(entry) = self.vocabulary.get(index) {
+                                let id = entry.id.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    backend.remove_vocabulary(&id)?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.vocab_updated").to_string())
+                                });
                             }
-                        });
-                    ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.new_channel_name);
-                    if ui
-                        .add_enabled(
-                            !self.new_provider_type.is_empty(),
-                            egui::Button::new("创建"),
-                        )
-                        .clicked()
-                    {
-                        if let (Some(backend), Some(descriptor)) = (
-                            self.backend(),
-                            panel
-                                .descriptors
-                                .iter()
-                                .find(|item| item.provider_type.as_str() == self.new_provider_type),
-                        ) {
-                            let kind = panel.kind;
-                            let provider_type = descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string();
-                            let name = if self.new_channel_name.trim().is_empty() {
-                                descriptor.label_key.clone()
-                            } else {
-                                self.new_channel_name.trim().to_string()
-                            };
-                            self.new_channel_name.clear();
-                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
-                                backend.create_channel(kind, provider_type, name).await?;
-                                Ok("渠道已创建".to_string())
-                            });
-                        }
-                    }
-                });
-                ui.small("Provider 类型、默认 Endpoint/Model 与鉴权要求均来自 Core descriptor。");
-            });
-
-            if panel.channels.is_empty() {
-                ui.label("尚无渠道；先从上方 Core Provider 列表创建一个。");
-                return;
-            }
-
-            for (index, channel) in panel.channels.iter().enumerate() {
-                let active = channel.id == panel.active_provider;
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    let selected = self.selected_channel_id.as_deref() == Some(channel.id.as_str());
-                    if ui
-                        .selectable_label(
-                            selected,
-                            format!(
-                                "{} · {}{}{}",
-                                channel.name,
-                                channel.provider_type,
-                                if active { " · active" } else { "" },
-                                if channel.enabled { "" } else { " · 已禁用" },
-                            ),
-                        )
-                        .clicked()
-                    {
-                        self.selected_channel_id = Some(channel.id.clone());
-                        self.provider_models.clear();
-                        if let Some((channel, descriptor)) =
-                            provider_channel_descriptor(&panel, &channel.id)
-                        {
-                            self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Loading {
-                                kind: panel.kind,
-                                channel_id: channel.id.clone(),
-                            };
-                            self.load_provider_editor(panel.kind, channel, descriptor);
                         }
                     }
-                    if !active && channel.enabled && ui.button("设为 active").clicked() {
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::VocabTogglePhrase(index) => {
                         if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                            let slot = provider_slot(panel.kind);
-                            let channel_id = channel.id.clone();
-                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
-                                backend.set_active_provider(slot, channel_id).await?;
-                                Ok("active 渠道已更新".to_string())
-                            });
+                            if let Some(entry) = self.vocabulary.get(index) {
+                                let id = entry.id.clone();
+                                let enabled = !entry.enabled;
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    backend.set_vocabulary_enabled(&id, enabled)?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.vocab_updated").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
                         }
                     }
-                    if ui
-                        .button(if channel.enabled { "禁用" } else { "启用" })
-                        .clicked()
-                    {
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::VocabAddRule {
+                        pattern,
+                        replacement,
+                    } => {
                         if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                            let kind = panel.kind;
-                            let channel_id = channel.id.clone();
-                            let enabled = !channel.enabled;
-                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
-                                backend
-                                    .set_channel_enabled(kind, channel_id, enabled)
-                                    .await?;
-                                Ok("渠道启用状态已更新".to_string())
+                            let lang = self.lang;
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                backend.add_correction_rule(pattern, replacement)?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.correction_saved").to_string())
                             });
                         }
                     }
-                    if index > 0 && ui.button("上移").clicked() {
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::VocabRemoveRule(index) => {
                         if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                            let kind = panel.kind;
-                            let mut ids = panel
-                                .channels
-                                .iter()
-                                .map(|item| item.id.clone())
-                                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-                            ids.swap(index, index - 1);
-                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
-                                backend.reorder_channels(kind, ids).await?;
-                                Ok("渠道顺序已更新".to_string())
-                            });
+                            if let Some(rule) = self.correction_rules.get(index) {
+                                let id = rule.id.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    backend.remove_correction_rule(&id)?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.correction_updated").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
                         }
                     }
-                    if index + 1 < panel.channels.len() && ui.button("下移").clicked() {
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::VocabToggleRule(index) => {
                         if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                            let kind = panel.kind;
-                            let mut ids = panel
-                                .channels
-                                .iter()
-                                .map(|item| item.id.clone())
-                                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-                            ids.swap(index, index + 1);
-                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
-                                backend.reorder_channels(kind, ids).await?;
-                                Ok("渠道顺序已更新".to_string())
-                            });
+                            if let Some(rule) = self.correction_rules.get(index) {
+                                let id = rule.id.clone();
+                                let enabled = !rule.enabled;
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    backend.set_correction_rule_enabled(&id, enabled)?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.correction_updated").to_string())
+                                });
+                            }
                         }
                     }
-                    if self.pending_channel_delete.as_deref() == Some(channel.id.as_str()) {
-                        if ui.button("确认删除").clicked() {
-                            self.pending_channel_delete = None;
-                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                                let kind = panel.kind;
-                                let channel_id = channel.id.clone();
-                                self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
-                                    backend.delete_channel(kind, channel_id).await?;
-                                    Ok("渠道已删除".to_string())
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::VocabApplyPreset(index) => {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            if let Some(preset) = self.vocab_presets.get(index) {
+                                let phrases = preset.phrases.clone();
+                                let name = preset.name.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    for phrase in phrases {
+                                        backend.add_vocabulary(
+                                            phrase,
+                                            Some(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.from_preset", &[&name])),
+                                        )?;
+                                    }
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.preset_updated").to_string())
                                 });
                             }
                         }
-                        if ui.button("取消删除").clicked() {
-                            self.pending_channel_delete = None;
-                        }
-                    } else if ui.button("删除").clicked() {
-                        // Channel deletion may remove the last usable provider
-                        // and its persisted secrets, so require a deliberate
-                        // second click even in this intentionally compact UI.
-                        self.pending_channel_delete = Some(channel.id.clone());
                     }
-                });
-            }
-
-            match self.provider_editor.clone() {
-                ProviderEditorState::Idle => {}
-                ProviderEditorState::Loading { kind, channel_id } => {
-                    ui.label(format!("正在读取 {:?} 渠道 {channel_id}…", kind));
-                }
-                ProviderEditorState::Failed(error) => {
-                    ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::RED, error);
-                }
-                ProviderEditorState::Loaded(editor) => {
-                    let mut editor = *editor;
-                    ui.separator();
-                    ui.strong(format!("编辑渠道 {}", editor.channel.id));
-                    let mut provider_type = editor.descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string();
-                    egui::ComboBox::from_id_salt("edit-provider-type")
-                        .selected_text(provider_descriptor_label(&editor.descriptor))
-                        .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
-                            for descriptor in &panel.descriptors {
-                                ui.selectable_value(
-                                    &mut provider_type,
-                                    descriptor.provider_type.as_str().to_string(),
-                                    provider_descriptor_label(descriptor),
-                                );
-                            }
-                        });
-                    if provider_type != editor.descriptor.provider_type.as_str() {
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::VocabCreatePreset { name, phrases } => {
                         if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                            let kind = editor.kind;
-                            let channel_id = editor.channel.id.clone();
-                            self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
-                                backend
-                                    .set_channel_provider_type(kind, channel_id, provider_type)
-                                    .await?;
-                                Ok("Provider 类型已更新".to_string())
+                            let lang = self.lang;
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                let mut phrase_list: Vec<String> = phrases
+                                    .split([',', '，', '\n'])
+                                    .map(str::trim)
+                                    .filter(|p| !p.is_empty())
+                                    .map(ToOwned::to_owned)
+                                    .collect();
+                                phrase_list.sort();
+                                phrase_list.dedup();
+                                let mut store = backend.list_vocabulary_presets()?;
+                                store.custom.push(openless_core::VocabPreset {
+                                    id: uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
+                                    name: name.trim().to_string(),
+                                    phrases: phrase_list,
+                                });
+                                backend.save_vocabulary_presets(&store)?;
+                                Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.preset_updated").to_string())
                             });
                         }
-                        return;
                     }
-
-                    ui.label(format!(
-                        "鉴权：{} · 探针：{:?}",
-                        auth_requirement_label(editor.descriptor.auth_requirement),
-                        editor.descriptor.validation_probe
-                    ));
-                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                        ui.label("名称");
-                        ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut editor.name);
-                    });
-                    provider_fields_ui(ui, &mut editor);
-
-                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                        if ui.button("保存字段/Secret").clicked() {
-                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                                let saved = editor.clone();
-                                self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
-                                    save_provider_editor(backend, saved).await?;
-                                    Ok("渠道配置已保存".to_string())
-                                });
-                            }
-                        }
-                        if ui.button("清除 Secret").clicked() {
-                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                                let cleared = editor.clone();
-                                self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
-                                    clear_provider_secrets(backend, &cleared).await?;
-                                    Ok("渠道 Secret 已清除".to_string())
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::StyleActivate(index) => {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            if let Some(pack) = self.style_packs.get(index) {
+                                let id = pack.id.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    backend.activate_style_pack(&id)?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.style_updated").to_string())
                                 });
                             }
                         }
-                        if ui.button("验证连接").clicked() {
-                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                                let kind = editor.kind;
-                                let channel_id = editor.channel.id.clone();
-                                self.spawn_provider_mutation(async move {
-                                    validate_provider_channel(backend, kind, channel_id).await
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::StyleExport(index) => {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            if let Some(pack) = self.style_packs.get(index) {
+                                let id = pack.id.clone();
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let bytes = backend.export_style_pack_bytes(&id)?;
+                                    let destination = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        rfd::FileDialog::new()
+                                            .add_filter("OpenLess style pack", &["zip"])
+                                            .set_file_name(format!("openless-style-{id}.zip"))
+                                            .save_file()
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                            tr_l10n(lang, "dialog.style_export_cancelled"),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        openless_linux_egui::atomic_save(&destination, &bytes)
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?
+                                    .map_err(|error| {
+                                        BackendError::new(
+                                            openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                                            error.to_string(),
+                                        )
+                                    })?;
+                                    Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "status.style_updated").to_string())
                                 });
                             }
                         }
-                        if ui.button("列出模型").clicked() {
-                            self.provider_models.clear();
-                            self.request_provider_models(editor.kind, editor.channel.id.clone());
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::StyleEdit(index) => {
+                        if let Some(pack) = self.style_packs.get(index).cloned() {
+                            self.style_editor = Some(pack);
+                            self.frontend_vm.style_editor_open = true;
+                            self.frontend_vm.style_prompt = self
+                                .style_editor
+                                .as_ref()
+                                .map(|e| e.prompt.clone())
+                                .unwrap_or_default();
                         }
-                    });
-                    if !self.provider_models.is_empty() {
-                        ui.label("模型列表（点击填入）：");
-                        for model in self.provider_models.clone() {
-                            if ui.button(&model).clicked() {
-                                editor.model = model;
+                    }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::StyleSaveEditor(prompt) => {
+                        if let Some(mut pack) = self.style_editor.take() {
+                            pack.prompt = prompt;
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let exists = self.style_packs.iter().any(|p| p.id == pack.id);
+                                let lang = self.lang;
+                                self.spawn(async move {
+                                    let saved = if exists {
+                                        backend.update_style_pack(pack)?
+                                    } else {
+                                        backend.create_style_pack(pack)?
+                                    };
+                                    Ok(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.style_saved", &[&saved.name]))
+                                });
                             }
                         }
+                        self.frontend_vm.style_editor_open = false;
                     }
-                    self.provider_editor = ProviderEditorState::Loaded(Box::new(editor));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn services_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.heading("AI 服务");
-            ui.label("选择 ASR 语音识别、LLM 文本处理或 Omni 服务，再编辑并校验渠道。已配置不代表网络请求已通过。");
-            if let Some(snapshot) = &self.snapshot {
-                let credentials = &snapshot.credentials;
-                ui.label(format!(
-                    "ASR：{}（{}）",
-                    credentials.active_asr_provider,
-                    if credentials.asr_configured {
-                        "已配置"
-                    } else {
-                        "未配置"
-                    }
-                ));
-                ui.label(format!(
-                    "LLM：{}（{}）",
-                    credentials.active_llm_provider,
-                    if credentials.llm_configured {
-                        "已配置"
-                    } else {
-                        "未配置"
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::StyleCloseEditor => {
+                        self.style_editor = None;
+                        self.frontend_vm.style_editor_open = false;
                     }
-                ));
-            }
-            self.provider_management_ui(ui);
-        }
-
-        fn save_preferences(&mut self) {
-            let (Some(native), Some(snapshot), Some(preferences)) =
-                (&self.native, &self.snapshot, &self.preferences)
-            else {
-                return;
-            };
-            match native
-                .host()
-                .save_settings(preferences.clone(), snapshot.preferences_revision)
-            {
-                Ok(_) => {
-                    self.status = "设置已保存".to_string();
-                    let config = openless_core::RemoteInputConfig {
-                        enabled: preferences.remote_input_enabled,
-                        port: preferences.remote_input_port,
-                    };
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.services().remote_input.configure(config).await?;
-                            Ok("远程输入状态已更新".to_string())
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::StyleNewPack => {
+                        self.style_editor = Some(openless_core::StylePack {
+                            id: uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
+                            name: tr_l10n(self.lang, "lbl.new_style_default").to_string(),
+                            ..Default::default()
                         });
+                        self.frontend_vm.style_editor_open = true;
                     }
-                }
-                Err(error) => self.status = error.to_string(),
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn settings_actions_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
-                if ui.button("保存设置").clicked() {
-                    self.save_preferences();
-                }
-                if ui.button("放弃修改并重新读取").clicked() {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.preferences = Some(backend.get_preferences());
-                        self.snapshot = Some(backend.snapshot());
-                        self.status = "已重新读取设置".to_string();
-                    }
-                }
-            });
-            ui.small(
-                "环境与设置、手机输入共用设置草稿；保存会一起应用。保存冲突时可重新读取后再修改。",
-            );
-        }
-
-        fn settings_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.heading("环境与设置");
-            ui.strong("现有功能设置");
-            if let Some(preferences) = self.preferences.as_mut() {
-                ui.checkbox(&mut preferences.streaming_insert, "流式插入");
-                ui.small("将转写逐步发送到原输入目标，实际结果以听写与历史反馈为准。");
-                ui.checkbox(&mut preferences.coding_agent_enabled, "启用 Less Computer");
-                ui.small("使用已有 Agent 配置与 CLI；进程执行仍遵循 Core 的审批规则。");
-                self.settings_actions_ui(ui);
-            }
-            ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
-                if ui.button("配置 AI 服务").clicked() {
-                    self.navigation.open(Page::Services);
-                }
-                if ui.button("设置手机输入").clicked() {
-                    self.navigation.open(Page::Remote);
-                }
-            });
-            ui.small(
-                "托盘、自启、自动更新、系统静音与额外全局热键尚未完整接入，此页没有对应开关。",
-            );
-            ui.separator();
-            self.environment_ui(ui);
-        }
-
-        fn remote_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.heading("手机输入");
-            ui.label(
-                "先启用并保存，再让手机连接同一局域网，打开本机提供的 HTTPS 地址并输入配对码。",
-            );
-            ui.label("首次连接需要确认并信任本服务的证书；服务运行不代表手机已连接。");
-            if let Some(preferences) = self.preferences.as_mut() {
-                ui.checkbox(&mut preferences.remote_input_enabled, "启用远程输入");
-                ui.add(
-                    egui::DragValue::new(&mut preferences.remote_input_port)
-                        .range(1..=u16::MAX)
-                        .prefix("端口 "),
-                );
-                self.settings_actions_ui(ui);
-            }
-            ui.separator();
-            if ui.button("刷新连接状态").clicked() {
-                self.load_remote_status();
-            }
-            if let Some(error) = &self.remote_error {
-                ui.colored_label(
-                    egui::Color32::YELLOW,
-                    format!("暂时无法读取连接状态：{error}"),
-                );
-                ui.label("检查桌面密钥环、网络和端口后刷新；旧地址与配对码已隐藏。");
-            } else if self.remote_access.is_none() {
-                ui.label("尚未取得手机输入状态。");
-            }
-            if let Some((remote, pin)) = &self.remote_access {
-                ui.label(if remote.running {
-                    "远程输入服务：运行中"
-                } else if remote.starting {
-                    "远程输入服务：启动中"
-                } else {
-                    "远程输入服务：已停止"
-                });
-                ui.label(format!("当前连接数：{}", remote.connection_count));
-                if remote.active_session_id.is_some() {
-                    ui.label("手机语音会话进行中，可使用顶部的语音取消。");
-                }
-                if remote.urls_stale {
-                    ui.colored_label(
-                        egui::Color32::YELLOW,
-                        "网络地址已过期，请检查网络后刷新状态。",
-                    );
-                }
-                if remote.enabled && remote.running && !remote.urls_stale {
-                    // 首次信任前必须核对根证书指纹：网页与描述文件名称不能证明身份。
-                    ui.label("本机根证书 SHA-256");
-                    match remote.ca_fingerprint_sha256.as_ref().filter(|value| {
-                        value.len() == 64 && value.bytes().all(|byte| byte.is_ascii_hexdigit())
-                    }) {
-                        Some(fingerprint) => {
-                            let display = fingerprint
-                                .as_bytes()
-                                .chunks(2)
-                                .map(|pair| std::str::from_utf8(pair).unwrap().to_ascii_uppercase())
-                                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-                                .join(" ");
-                            ui.add(egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(&display).monospace()).wrap());
-                            if ui.button("复制完整指纹").clicked() {
-                                ui.ctx().copy_text(display);
-                            }
-                        }
-                        None => ui.label("完整指纹不可用。请勿安装或信任下载的证书。"),
-                    }
-                    ui.label("安装或开启完全信任前，在手机系统的证书详情中核对全部 SHA-256 字符，必须与此处一致。网页、描述文件名称和标识不能证明证书身份。若不一致或无法查看，请停止并移除已下载或安装的描述文件。");
-                    ui.label("描述文件应只包含一张根证书。若有其他证书、VPN 或设备管理配置，请勿安装。首次下载仍可能被局域网攻击者替换；核验后再信任。根证书可签发其他证书，不再使用时请移除。");
-                    ui.monospace(format!("PIN：{pin}"));
-                    for url in &remote.urls {
-                        ui.monospace(url);
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::StyleImport => {
+                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                            let lang = self.lang;
+                            self.spawn(async move {
+                                let path = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(|| {
+                                    rfd::FileDialog::new()
+                                        .add_filter("OpenLess style pack", &["zip"])
+                                        .pick_file()
+                                })
+                                .await
+                                .map_err(|error| {
+                                    BackendError::new(
+                                        openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                        error.to_string(),
+                                    )
+                                })?
+                                .ok_or_else(|| {
+                                    BackendError::new(
+                                        openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Cancelled,
+                                        tr_l10n(lang, "dialog.style_import_cancelled"),
+                                    )
+                                })?;
+                                let pack = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                    backend.import_style_pack_path(&path)
+                                })
+                                .await
+                                .map_err(|error| {
+                                    BackendError::new(
+                                        openless_core::BackendErrorCode::Internal,
+                                        error.to_string(),
+                                    )
+                                })??;
+                                Ok(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.style_imported", &[&pack.name]))
+                            });
+                        }
                     }
-                    if remote.urls.is_empty() {
-                        ui.label("服务已启动，但尚未提供可用地址；请检查本机局域网连接。");
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::SelectionAskToggleHistory => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.qa_save_history = !self.frontend_vm.qa_save_history;
                     }
-                }
-                if remote.enabled && ui.button("重置配对码").clicked() {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend
-                                .services()
-                                .remote_input
-                                .regenerate_pairing_pin()
-                                .await?;
-                            Ok("远程输入配对码已重置".to_string())
-                        });
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::TranslationToggleLanguage(_) => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.settings_notice =
+                            Some(tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.unsupported_linux").to_string());
                     }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn environment_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.strong("Linux 环境准备");
-            ui.label(if self.native.is_some() {
-                "Core 已连接。下面的环境检查不代表录音、落字或服务调用已经实测成功。"
-            } else {
-                "Core 未连接。可查看准备步骤；修复启动问题后，请退出并重新启动 OpenLess。"
-            });
-            if let Some(environment) = &self.environment {
-                ui.label(match environment.session {
-                    LinuxDesktopSession::X11 => "桌面会话：检测到 X11 环境",
-                    LinuxDesktopSession::Wayland => "桌面会话：检测到 Wayland 环境",
-                    LinuxDesktopSession::Headless => "桌面会话：未检测到 DISPLAY / WAYLAND_DISPLAY",
-                });
-                ui.label(if environment.fcitx5_ready {
-                    "fcitx5：D-Bus 探测有响应，插件加载、快捷键与目标应用落字仍需实际操作确认。"
-                } else {
-                    "fcitx5：D-Bus 探测未通过，可能是会话总线、服务或插件未就绪。"
-                });
-                ui.label(match environment.permissions.microphone {
-                    openless_core::PermissionState::Unsupported => {
-                        "麦克风：当前探测环境不支持；请进入图形桌面会话。"
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::TranslationSetTarget(_) => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.settings_notice =
+                            Some(tr_l10n(self.lang, "settings.unsupported_linux").to_string());
                     }
-                    _ => "麦克风：尚未验证录音。请在系统声音设置选择输入设备，再进行一次短听写。",
-                });
-            } else {
-                ui.label("尚未取得桌面环境探测结果。");
-            }
-            ui.label(match &self.plugin_check {
-                Some(Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Ready)) => {
-                    "本次启动插件检查：找到插件文件；文件存在不代表 fcitx5 已加载它。"
-                }
-                Some(Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Updated)) => {
-                    "本次启动插件检查：插件文件已安装或更新，需要重载配置并重新启动 fcitx5。"
-                }
-                Some(Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Missing)) => {
-                    "本次启动插件检查：未找到插件文件，请重新安装含 OpenLess 插件的软件包。"
-                }
-                Some(Err(_)) => "本次启动插件检查：检查失败，请查看下方具体原因。",
-                None => "本次启动插件检查：未执行。",
-            });
-            if let Some(Err(error)) = &self.plugin_check {
-                ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::YELLOW, error);
-            }
-            if ui
-                .add_enabled(
-                    !self.environment_refreshing,
-                    egui::Button::new(if self.environment_refreshing {
-                        "正在检测…"
-                    } else {
-                        "重新检测会话与 D-Bus"
-                    }),
-                )
-                .clicked()
-            {
-                self.environment_refreshing = true;
-                let tx = self.tx.clone();
-                self.tokio.spawn_blocking(move || {
-                    let environment = LinuxCapabilitySnapshot::detect(false, package_kind());
-                    let _ = tx.send(UiResult::Environment(environment));
-                });
-            }
-            ui.small("重新检测只更新上面的会话与 D-Bus 信息，不安装插件，也不重新连接 Core。本次启动检查结果保留到退出。");
-            egui::CollapsingHeader::new("准备步骤与官方指南")
-                .default_open(self.native.is_none())
-                .show(ui, |ui| {
-            ui.separator();
-            ui.strong("1 · 准备输入法与桌面会话");
-            ui.label("在当前图形桌面安装并启用 fcitx5，再安装含 OpenLess 插件的当前软件包。先在普通编辑器中确认输入法可以输入。");
-            ui.label("在终端运行以下诊断，查看输入法环境与插件加载信息：");
-            command_ui(ui, "fcitx5-diagnose");
-            ui.label("插件安装或更新后可先重载配置；若插件仍未加载，退出并重新登录桌面，再启动 OpenLess：");
-            command_ui(ui, "fcitx5-remote -r");
-            ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
-                ui.hyperlink_to(
-                    "Fcitx 5 官方设置指南",
-                    "https://fcitx-im.org/wiki/Setup_Fcitx_5",
-                );
-                ui.hyperlink_to(
-                    "Wayland 桌面配置差异",
-                    "https://fcitx-im.org/wiki/Using_Fcitx_5_on_Wayland",
-                );
-            });
-            ui.small("Wayland 的输入法配置取决于桌面和应用工具包，请按官方对应章节配置；检测到 Wayland 不代表所有目标应用都支持替换。X11 的 overlay 能力标记也不代表本应用已接入录音浮层。");
-            ui.separator();
-            ui.strong("2 · 准备密钥环与识别服务");
-            ui.label("Secret Service：当前没有独立的服务连接或解锁状态检测；渠道显示“已配置”也不能证明密钥环现在可读写。");
-            ui.label("打开桌面的密码／密钥环管理器，确认当前登录会话的密钥环已解锁。然后到 AI 服务选择渠道，填写所需凭据、保存并校验；若返回锁定或访问失败，解锁后重试。");
-            ui.hyperlink_to(
-                "Secret Service 官方规范",
-                "https://specifications.freedesktop.org/secret-service/latest/",
-            );
-            ui.small("API 密钥输入只用于写入，不回显已有密钥。本地识别可在本地模型页下载并激活 Generic Qwen。");
-            ui.separator();
-            ui.strong("3 · 做一次短听写");
-            ui.label("在系统声音设置确认输入设备有电平。配置识别服务后，在目标编辑器聚焦输入框，用已有听写快捷键录制一句话并结束，检查转写和落字结果。问答、选区润色与 Agent 分别从导航进入。");
-            ui.small("请分别验证你使用的 X11／Wayland、GTK／Qt／浏览器／终端。托盘、自启和应用内自动更新仍未完整接入。");
-                });
-        }
-
-        fn start_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.heading("从一次听写开始");
-            ui.label("先准备 Linux 输入环境，再选择识别服务。切换页面不会停止正在进行的任务。");
-            if let Some(error) = &self.startup_error {
-                ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::YELLOW, format!("启动未完成：{error}"));
-            }
-            if let Some(snapshot) = &self.snapshot {
-                ui.label(if snapshot.running {
-                    "Core：运行中"
-                } else {
-                    "Core：未运行"
-                });
-                let credentials = &snapshot.credentials;
-                match credentials.pipeline_mode {
-                    openless_core::shared_types::PipelineMode::Multimodal => {
-                        ui.label("当前管线：多模态（Omni）");
-                        ui.label(if credentials.omni_configured {
-                            "Omni：已配置。"
-                        } else {
-                            "Omni：尚未配置，请到 AI 服务配置 Omni。"
-                        });
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(field) => {
+                        self.apply_settings_toggle(field);
                     }
-                    openless_core::shared_types::PipelineMode::Traditional => {
-                        ui.label("当前管线：传统（ASR + LLM）");
-                        ui.label(if credentials.asr_configured {
-                            "ASR 语音识别：已配置。"
-                        } else {
-                            "ASR 语音识别：尚未配置，请配置 AI 服务或激活本地模型。"
-                        });
-                        ui.label(if credentials.llm_configured {
-                            "LLM 润色：已配置。"
-                        } else {
-                            "LLM 润色：尚未配置。"
-                        });
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::SettingsCombo(field, index) => {
+                        self.apply_settings_combo(field, index);
                     }
-                }
-                ui.small("已配置不代表校验通过；请到 AI 服务验证连接。");
-            }
-            ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
-                for (page, label) in [
-                    (Page::Settings, "1. 准备环境"),
-                    (Page::Services, "2. 配置 AI 服务"),
-                    (Page::Models, "使用本地模型"),
-                    (Page::Dictation, "3. 打开听写"),
-                ] {
-                    if ui
-                        .add_enabled(
-                            self.native.is_some() || page == Page::Settings,
-                            egui::Button::new(label),
-                        )
-                        .clicked()
-                    {
-                        self.navigation.open(page);
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::SettingsText(field, text) => {
+                        self.apply_settings_text(field, text);
                     }
-                }
-            });
-            ui.separator();
-            if self.native.is_none() {
-                self.environment_ui(ui);
-            } else {
-                ui.strong("继续其他任务");
-                ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
-                    for page in [
-                        Page::Qa,
-                        Page::Selection,
-                        Page::Agent,
-                        Page::Remote,
-                        Page::History,
-                    ] {
-                        if ui.button(page.label()).clicked() {
-                            self.navigation.open(page);
-                        }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::SettingsAction(field) => {
+                        self.apply_settings_action(field);
                     }
-                });
-                ui.label("问答支持文字与语音；选区润色保留确认、取消与撤销；Less Computer 的工具执行继续使用原有审批。");
-                ui.small(
-                    "Linux 当前提供已有 Core / Host 能力的入口，完整原生支持与发布验收仍在继续。",
-                );
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn page_activity(&self, page: Page) -> Option<&'static str> {
-            match page {
-                Page::Dictation
-                    if self.snapshot.as_ref().is_some_and(|snapshot| {
-                        matches!(
-                            snapshot.dictation.phase,
-                            DictationPhase::Starting
-                                | DictationPhase::Recording
-                                | DictationPhase::Transcribing
-                                | DictationPhase::Polishing
-                                | DictationPhase::Inserting
-                        )
-                    }) =>
-                {
-                    Some("进行中")
-                }
-                Page::Qa if self.qa_visible => Some("会话"),
-                Page::Selection
-                    if self.selection_preview_visible
-                        && self.selection.as_ref().is_some_and(|selection| {
-                            selection.phase == SelectionPhase::Preview
-                        }) =>
-                {
-                    Some("待确认")
-                }
-                Page::Agent if self.pending_approval.is_some() => Some("待审批"),
-                Page::Agent if self.less_computer_running => Some("进行中"),
-                _ if self.navigation.has_update(page) => Some("有更新"),
-                _ => None,
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn navigation_button(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui, page: Page) {
-            let label = match self.page_activity(page) {
-                Some(activity) => format!("{} · {activity}", page.label()),
-                None => page.label().to_string(),
-            };
-            if ui
-                .selectable_label(self.navigation.page == page, label)
-                .clicked()
-            {
-                self.navigation.open(page);
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn activity_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
-                for page in Page::ALL {
-                    if let Some(activity) = self.page_activity(page) {
-                        if ui
-                            .link(format!("{} · {activity} →", page.label()))
-                            .clicked()
-                        {
-                            self.navigation.open(page);
-                        }
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::SettingsSection(section) => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.settings_section = section;
                     }
-                }
-                if self.native.is_some() && ui.button("取消当前语音 · Esc").clicked() {
-                    self.cancel_voice();
-                }
-                if self.qa_visible && ui.button("取消问答").clicked() {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        let session_id = self
-                            .qa_state
-                            .as_ref()
-                            .and_then(|state| state.session_id.as_deref())
-                            .and_then(|id| uuid::Uuid::parse_str(id).ok())
-                            .map(openless_core::SessionId::from_uuid);
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.services().qa.cancel(session_id).await?;
-                            Ok("问答本轮已取消".to_string())
-                        });
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::SettingsNotice(msg) => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.settings_notice = Some(msg);
                     }
-                }
-                if let Some(session_id) = self
-                    .selection
-                    .as_ref()
-                    .filter(|selection| selection.phase == SelectionPhase::Preview)
-                    .and_then(|selection| selection.session_id)
-                {
-                    if ui.button("取消选区预览").clicked() {
-                        if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                            self.spawn(async move {
-                                backend
-                                    .services()
-                                    .selection
-                                    .cancel(Some(session_id))
-                                    .await?;
-                                Ok("选区替换已取消".to_string())
-                            });
+                    frontend::view_model::FrontendAction::MarketplaceDetail(index) => {
+                        self.frontend_vm.marketplace_selected = Some(index);
+                        // Load real detail from backend, not just index.
+                        if let Some(item) = self.marketplace_items.get(index) {
+                            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                                let id = item.id.clone();
+                                let tx = self.tx.clone();
+                                self.tokio.spawn(async move {
+                                    let result = backend
+                                        .services()
+                                        .marketplace
+                                        .detail(id)
+                                        .await
+                                        .map_err(|error| error.to_string());
+                                    let _ = tx.send(UiResult::MarketplaceDetail(result));
+                                });
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                 }
-                if (self.less_computer_running || self.pending_approval.is_some())
-                    && ui.button("取消 Agent").clicked()
-                {
-                    if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                        self.spawn(async move {
-                            backend.cancel_less_computer(None).await?;
-                            Ok("Less Computer 已取消".to_string())
-                        });
-                    }
-                }
-            });
+            }
         }
+    }
 
-        fn cancel_voice(&self) {
-            if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
-                self.spawn(async move {
-                    backend.cancel_active_voice_session(None).await?;
-                    Ok("语音会话已取消".to_string())
-                });
-            }
+    impl eframe::App for OpenLessEguiApp {
+        fn clear_color(&self, _visuals: &egui::Visuals) -> [f32; 4] {
+            egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT.to_normalized_gamma_f32()
         }
 
-        fn history_ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
-            ui.heading("历史");
-            ui.label("最近 20 条，只读。插入、复制回退与已发送粘贴分别显示实际结果。");
-            let Some(backend) = self.backend() else {
-                return;
-            };
-            match backend.list_history() {
-                Ok(history) if history.is_empty() => {
-                    ui.label("暂无历史记录");
-                }
-                Ok(history) => {
-                    for item in history.into_iter().rev().take(20) {
-                        let delivery = match item.insert_status {
-                            HistoryInsertStatus::Inserted => "已插入",
-                            HistoryInsertStatus::CopiedFallback => "已复制",
-                            HistoryInsertStatus::PasteSent => "已发送粘贴",
-                            HistoryInsertStatus::Failed => "失败",
-                            HistoryInsertStatus::NotRequested => "未请求插入",
-                        };
-                        ui.label(format!(
-                            "{} · {} · {}",
-                            item.created_at, delivery, item.final_text
-                        ));
-                    }
-                }
-                Err(error) => {
-                    ui.label(error.to_string());
-                }
+        fn update(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context, _frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
+            self.poll(ctx);
+            self.drain_tray(ctx);
+            theme::apply_visuals(
+                ctx,
+                self.preferences
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|preferences| preferences.theme_mode)
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
+            );
+            let auto_check = self
+                .preferences
+                .as_ref()
+                .is_some_and(|preferences| preferences.auto_update_check);
+            if auto_check
+                && !self.update_busy
+                && self.update_manifest.is_none()
+                && self
+                    .update_schedule
+                    .poll(self.update_started.elapsed(), false)
+                    .is_some()
+            {
+                let channel = self
+                    .preferences
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|preferences| preferences.update_channel)
+                    .unwrap_or_default();
+                self.request_update_check(channel);
             }
-        }
-    }
-
-    impl eframe::App for OpenLessEguiApp {
-        fn update(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context, _frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
-            // Poll every frame before routing pages. Hidden pages retain their
-            // drafts, session ownership, event replay and async completion paths.
-            self.poll(ctx);
-            if ctx.input(|input| input.key_pressed(egui::Key::Escape)) {
-                self.cancel_voice();
+            if ctx.input(|input| input.viewport().close_requested())
+                && !self.exit_requested
+                && self.tray.is_some()
+            {
+                ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::CancelClose);
+                ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Visible(false));
             }
-            egui::TopBottomPanel::top("status").show(ctx, |ui| {
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    ui.strong("OpenLess 2.0");
-                    ui.separator();
-                    ui.add(egui::Label::new(&self.status).truncate())
-                        .on_hover_text(&self.status);
-                });
-                self.activity_ui(ui);
-                if self.pending_approval.is_some() {
-                    ui.strong("Less Computer 等待审批");
-                    self.agent_approval_ui(ui);
-                }
-            });
-            if ctx.screen_rect().width() < 760.0 {
-                egui::TopBottomPanel::top("compact_navigation").show(ctx, |ui| {
-                    ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
-                        for page in Page::ALL {
-                            self.navigation_button(ui, page);
-                        }
-                    });
-                });
-            } else {
-                egui::SidePanel::left("navigation")
-                    .resizable(false)
-                    .default_width(176.0)
-                    .show(ctx, |ui| {
-                        egui::ScrollArea::vertical()
-                            .id_salt("navigation_scroll")
-                            .show(ui, |ui| {
-                                ui.strong("工作空间");
-                                ui.add_space(8.0);
-                                for page in Page::ALL {
-                                    if page == Page::Services {
-                                        ui.separator();
-                                        ui.strong("准备与管理");
-                                    }
-                                    self.navigation_button(ui, page);
-                                }
-                            });
+            if ctx.input(|input| input.key_pressed(egui::Key::Escape)) {
+                let lang = self.lang;
+                if let Some(backend) = self.backend() {
+                    self.spawn(async move {
+                        backend.cancel_active_voice_session(None).await?;
+                        Ok(tr_l10n(lang, "voice.cancelled").to_string())
                     });
+                }
             }
-            egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {
-                let page = self.navigation.page;
-                egui::ScrollArea::vertical()
-                    .id_salt(("page", page))
-                    .show(ui, |ui| {
-                        if self.native.is_none() && !matches!(page, Page::Start | Page::Settings) {
-                            ui.heading(page.label());
-                            ui.label("Core 尚未连接，请先完成 Linux 环境准备并重新启动应用。");
-                            if let Some(error) = &self.startup_error {
-                                ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::YELLOW, error);
-                            }
-                            if ui.button("查看环境准备步骤").clicked() {
-                                self.navigation.open(Page::Settings);
-                            }
-                            return;
-                        }
-                        match page {
-                            Page::Start => self.start_ui(ui),
-                            Page::Dictation => self.dictation_ui(ui),
-                            Page::Qa => self.qa_ui(ui),
-                            Page::Selection => self.selection_ui(ui),
-                            Page::Agent => self.less_computer_ui(ui),
-                            Page::Services => self.services_ui(ui),
-                            Page::Models => self.models_ui(ui),
-                            Page::Remote => self.remote_ui(ui),
-                            Page::History => self.history_ui(ui),
-                            Page::Settings => self.settings_ui(ui),
-                        }
-                    });
-            });
+
+            // Build the view model from current backend state, then render the
+            // production frontend. Actions are collected and dispatched to
+            // existing Core / backend methods.
+            self.sync_view_model();
+            let mut actions = Vec::new();
+            frontend::render(ctx, &mut self.frontend_vm, &mut actions);
+            self.apply_frontend_actions(actions, ctx);
+
             ctx.request_repaint_after(Duration::from_millis(50));
         }
     }
 
-    fn command_ui(ui: &mut egui::Ui, command: &str) {
-        ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
-            ui.monospace(command);
-            if ui.button("复制命令").clicked() {
-                ui.ctx().copy_text(command.to_string());
-            }
-        });
-    }
-
     impl Drop for OpenLessEguiApp {
         fn drop(&mut self) {
             if let Some(native) = self.native.take() {
@@ -2099,6 +5613,18 @@ mod linux_app {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Map a concrete UI language to its display-name catalog key, shown in
+    /// that language's own native script regardless of the current UI language.
+    fn locale_key(lang: Lang) -> &'static str {
+        match lang {
+            Lang::ZhCn => "lang.zh-CN",
+            Lang::ZhTw => "lang.zh-TW",
+            Lang::En => "lang.en",
+            Lang::Ja => "lang.ja",
+            Lang::Ko => "lang.ko",
+        }
+    }
+
     fn provider_kind(kind: openless_core::ChannelKind) -> openless_core::ProviderKind {
         match kind {
             openless_core::ChannelKind::Asr => openless_core::ProviderKind::Asr,
@@ -2161,21 +5687,25 @@ mod linux_app {
         )
     }
 
-    fn auth_requirement_label(requirement: openless_core::AuthRequirement) -> &'static str {
-        match requirement {
-            openless_core::AuthRequirement::None => "无需 Secret",
-            openless_core::AuthRequirement::ApiKey => "API Key",
+    fn auth_requirement_label(
+        lang: Lang,
+        requirement: openless_core::AuthRequirement,
+    ) -> &'static str {
+        let key = match requirement {
+            openless_core::AuthRequirement::None => "auth.none",
+            openless_core::AuthRequirement::ApiKey => "auth.api_key",
             openless_core::AuthRequirement::EndpointModelOptionalApiKey => {
-                "Endpoint + Model，API Key 可选"
+                "auth.endpoint_model_optional"
             }
             openless_core::AuthRequirement::ApiKeyUnlessCustomEndpoint => {
-                "公共 Endpoint 需要 API Key；自建 Endpoint 可无 Key"
+                "auth.api_key_unless_custom"
             }
-            openless_core::AuthRequirement::Volcengine => "火山引擎凭据",
-            openless_core::AuthRequirement::Xfyun => "讯飞 AppID + API Key",
-            openless_core::AuthRequirement::TencentCloud => "腾讯云 AppID + SecretID + SecretKey",
-            openless_core::AuthRequirement::OAuth => "OAuth",
-        }
+            openless_core::AuthRequirement::Volcengine => "auth.volcengine",
+            openless_core::AuthRequirement::Xfyun => "auth.xfyun",
+            openless_core::AuthRequirement::OAuth => "auth.oauth",
+            openless_core::AuthRequirement::TencentCloud => "auth.api_key",
+        };
+        tr_l10n(lang, key)
     }
 
     fn provider_channel_descriptor(
@@ -2253,19 +5783,6 @@ mod linux_app {
             } else {
                 (String::new(), String::new())
             };
-        let app_id = if descriptor.auth_requirement == openless_core::AuthRequirement::TencentCloud
-        {
-            read_provider_value(
-                &backend,
-                kind,
-                &channel.id,
-                openless_core::credentials::TENCENT_CLOUD_APP_ID_ACCOUNT,
-            )
-            .await?
-            .unwrap_or_default()
-        } else {
-            String::new()
-        };
         Ok(ProviderEditor {
             kind,
             name: channel.name.clone(),
@@ -2275,7 +5792,6 @@ mod linux_app {
             model,
             auth_mode,
             resource_id,
-            app_id,
             primary_secret: String::new(),
             secondary_secret: String::new(),
         })
@@ -2288,16 +5804,16 @@ mod linux_app {
         });
     }
 
-    fn provider_fields_ui(ui: &mut egui::Ui, editor: &mut ProviderEditor) {
+    fn provider_fields_ui(ui: &mut egui::Ui, lang: Lang, editor: &mut ProviderEditor) {
         // This match chooses which input controls to render; it does not decide
         // whether credentials are sufficient. ProviderService validates the
         // descriptor's AuthRequirement again before any protocol request.
         match editor.descriptor.auth_requirement {
             openless_core::AuthRequirement::None => {
-                ui.label("此 Provider 不使用云凭据；模型由本地模型面板管理。");
+                ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "providers.no_cloud_note"));
             }
             openless_core::AuthRequirement::OAuth => {
-                ui.label("此 Provider 使用 OAuth；Linux egui 不读取或显示 OAuth token。");
+                ui.label(tr_l10n(lang, "providers.oauth_note"));
             }
             openless_core::AuthRequirement::Volcengine => {
                 egui::ComboBox::from_id_salt("volcengine-auth-mode")
@@ -2333,20 +5849,12 @@ mod linux_app {
                 secret_edit(ui, "AppID", &mut editor.primary_secret);
                 secret_edit(ui, "API Key", &mut editor.secondary_secret);
             }
-            openless_core::AuthRequirement::TencentCloud => {
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    ui.label("腾讯云 AppID");
-                    ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut editor.app_id);
-                });
-                secret_edit(ui, "SecretID", &mut editor.primary_secret);
-                secret_edit(ui, "SecretKey", &mut editor.secondary_secret);
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    ui.label("Model");
-                    ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut editor.model);
-                });
-            }
             _ => {
-                secret_edit(ui, "API Key（留空表示不修改）", &mut editor.primary_secret);
+                secret_edit(
+                    ui,
+                    tr_l10n(lang, "providers.api_key_hint"),
+                    &mut editor.primary_secret,
+                );
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                     ui.label("Endpoint");
                     ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut editor.endpoint);
@@ -2481,40 +5989,6 @@ mod linux_app {
                 )
                 .await?;
             }
-            openless_core::AuthRequirement::TencentCloud => {
-                write_or_remove_provider_value(
-                    &backend,
-                    editor.kind,
-                    channel_id,
-                    openless_core::credentials::TENCENT_CLOUD_APP_ID_ACCOUNT,
-                    &editor.app_id,
-                )
-                .await?;
-                write_secret_if_entered(
-                    &backend,
-                    editor.kind,
-                    channel_id,
-                    openless_core::credentials::TENCENT_CLOUD_SECRET_ID_ACCOUNT,
-                    &editor.primary_secret,
-                )
-                .await?;
-                write_secret_if_entered(
-                    &backend,
-                    editor.kind,
-                    channel_id,
-                    openless_core::credentials::TENCENT_CLOUD_SECRET_KEY_ACCOUNT,
-                    &editor.secondary_secret,
-                )
-                .await?;
-                write_or_remove_provider_value(
-                    &backend,
-                    editor.kind,
-                    channel_id,
-                    model_account(editor.kind),
-                    &editor.model,
-                )
-                .await?;
-            }
             _ => {
                 write_or_remove_provider_value(
                     &backend,
@@ -2560,11 +6034,6 @@ mod linux_app {
                 openless_core::credentials::XFYUN_APP_ID_ACCOUNT,
                 openless_core::credentials::XFYUN_API_KEY_ACCOUNT,
             ],
-            openless_core::AuthRequirement::TencentCloud => &[
-                openless_core::credentials::TENCENT_CLOUD_APP_ID_ACCOUNT,
-                openless_core::credentials::TENCENT_CLOUD_SECRET_ID_ACCOUNT,
-                openless_core::credentials::TENCENT_CLOUD_SECRET_KEY_ACCOUNT,
-            ],
             _ => &[api_key_account(editor.kind)],
         };
         for account in accounts {
@@ -2580,6 +6049,7 @@ mod linux_app {
     }
 
     async fn validate_provider_channel(
+        lang: Lang,
         backend: Arc<openless_core::OpenLessBackend>,
         kind: openless_core::ChannelKind,
         channel_id: String,
@@ -2589,8 +6059,8 @@ mod linux_app {
             .services()
             .provider
             .validate(openless_core::ProviderRequest {
-                thinking_enabled: backend.get_preferences().llm_thinking_enabled,
                 kind: provider_kind(kind),
+                thinking_enabled: false,
                 channel_id: Some(channel_id.clone()),
             })
             .await;
@@ -2600,7 +6070,7 @@ mod linux_app {
                 backend
                     .record_channel_test(kind, channel_id, true, Some(latency_ms), None)
                     .await?;
-                Ok(format!("Provider 验证通过（{latency_ms} ms）"))
+                Ok(fmt_l10n(lang, "status.provider_validated", &[&latency_ms]))
             }
             Err(error) => {
                 let _ = backend
@@ -2617,62 +6087,637 @@ mod linux_app {
         }
     }
 
-    fn package_kind() -> LinuxPackageKind {
-        if std::env::var_os("APPDIR").is_some() {
-            LinuxPackageKind::AppImage
-        } else if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
-            LinuxPackageKind::Development
+    fn shortcut_editor(
+        ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+        label: &str,
+        binding: &mut openless_core::shared_types::ShortcutBinding,
+    ) -> bool {
+        let mut changed = false;
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.label(label);
+            changed |= ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut binding.primary).changed();
+            for (modifier, caption) in [
+                ("ctrl", "Ctrl"),
+                ("alt", "Alt"),
+                ("shift", "Shift"),
+                ("super", "Super"),
+            ] {
+                let mut enabled = binding
+                    .modifiers
+                    .iter()
+                    .any(|value| value.eq_ignore_ascii_case(modifier));
+                if ui.checkbox(&mut enabled, caption).changed() {
+                    changed = true;
+                    binding
+                        .modifiers
+                        .retain(|value| !value.eq_ignore_ascii_case(modifier));
+                    if enabled {
+                        binding.modifiers.push(modifier.to_string());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        });
+        changed
+    }
+
+    fn optional_shortcut_editor(
+        ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+        lang: Lang,
+        label: &str,
+        binding: &mut Option<openless_core::shared_types::ShortcutBinding>,
+        default_primary: &str,
+    ) -> bool {
+        let mut enabled = binding.is_some();
+        let mut changed = ui
+            .checkbox(&mut enabled, fmt_l10n(lang, "hotkey.enable", &[&label]))
+            .changed();
+        if enabled && binding.is_none() {
+            *binding = Some(openless_core::shared_types::ShortcutBinding {
+                primary: default_primary.to_string(),
+                modifiers: vec!["ctrl".into(), "shift".into()],
+            });
+        } else if !enabled && binding.is_some() {
+            *binding = None;
+        }
+        if let Some(binding) = binding {
+            changed |= shortcut_editor(ui, label, binding);
+        }
+        changed
+    }
+
+    fn set_style_pack_hotkey(
+        preferences: &mut UserPreferences,
+        pack_id: &str,
+        binding: Option<openless_core::shared_types::ShortcutBinding>,
+    ) {
+        preferences
+            .style_pack_hotkeys
+            .retain(|hotkey| hotkey.pack_id != pack_id);
+        if let Some(binding) = binding {
+            preferences
+                .style_pack_hotkeys
+                .push(openless_core::shared_types::StylePackHotkey {
+                    pack_id: pack_id.to_string(),
+                    binding,
+                });
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn package_kind() -> LinuxPackageKind {
+        if std::env::var_os("APPDIR").is_some() {
+            LinuxPackageKind::AppImage
+        } else if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
+            LinuxPackageKind::Development
+        } else {
+            LinuxPackageKind::SystemPackage
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn backend_config(
+        tray_available: bool,
+        updater_available: bool,
+    ) -> Result<BackendConfig, String> {
+        let home = std::env::var_os("HOME").map(std::path::PathBuf::from);
+        let data_dir = std::env::var_os("XDG_DATA_HOME")
+            .map(std::path::PathBuf::from)
+            .or_else(|| home.as_ref().map(|home| home.join(".local/share")))
+            .ok_or_else(|| "HOME/XDG_DATA_HOME is unavailable".to_string())?
+            .join("OpenLess");
+        let cache_dir = std::env::var_os("XDG_CACHE_HOME")
+            .map(std::path::PathBuf::from)
+            .or_else(|| home.as_ref().map(|home| home.join(".cache")))
+            .ok_or_else(|| "HOME/XDG_CACHE_HOME is unavailable".to_string())?
+            .join("OpenLess");
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&data_dir).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&cache_dir).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+        let kind = package_kind();
+        let capabilities =
+            LinuxCapabilitySnapshot::detect(tray_available, kind, updater_available).capabilities;
+        Ok(BackendConfig {
+            data_dir,
+            cache_dir,
+            home_dir: home,
+            resource_dir: std::env::current_exe()
+                .ok()
+                .and_then(|path| path.parent().map(std::path::Path::to_path_buf)),
+            platform: capabilities,
+            locale: std::env::var("LANG").unwrap_or_else(|_| "en-US".to_string()),
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn ensure_fcitx5_ready(config: &BackendConfig) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let home = config
+            .home_dir
+            .as_deref()
+            .ok_or_else(|| "HOME is unavailable for the fcitx5 plugin".to_string())?;
+        let layout = LinuxResourceLayout::detect(None).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+        let plan =
+            FcitxPluginInstallPlan::for_layout(&layout, home).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+        let status = ensure_fcitx5_plugin_installed(&plan).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+        reconcile_fcitx5_install(status)
+    }
+
+    /// Map an fcitx5 addon install result onto startup.
+    ///
+    /// A ready addon lets startup continue down the normal fcitx5 DBus path —
+    /// never a global-hotkey fallback — and only a genuinely missing plugin
+    /// aborts startup.
+    fn reconcile_fcitx5_install(status: FcitxPluginStatus) -> Result<(), String> {
+        match status {
+            FcitxPluginStatus::Ready => Ok(()),
+            FcitxPluginStatus::Missing => {
+                Err("未找到 OpenLess fcitx5 插件；请重新安装当前软件包".to_string())
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    struct NativePopupApp {
+        kind: PopupKind,
+        state: PopupState,
+        incoming: mpsc::Receiver<HostToPopup>,
+        outgoing: mpsc::Sender<PopupToHost>,
+        qa_input: String,
+        outgoing_sequence: u64,
+        ready_sent: bool,
+        preview_focus_requested: bool,
+        lang: Lang,
+    }
+
+    impl NativePopupApp {
+        fn send(&mut self, message: PopupToHost) {
+            if self.outgoing.send(message).is_err() {
+                eprintln!("OpenLess popup output channel closed");
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn next_sequence(&mut self) -> u64 {
+            self.outgoing_sequence = self.outgoing_sequence.saturating_add(1);
+            self.outgoing_sequence
+        }
+
+        fn session_id(&self) -> Option<String> {
+            self.state.session_id.clone()
+        }
+
+        fn dismiss(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context) {
+            let Some(session_id) = self.session_id() else {
+                ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
+                return;
+            };
+            let version = POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION;
+            let sequence = self.next_sequence();
+            let message = match self.kind {
+                PopupKind::Qa => PopupToHost::DismissQa {
+                    version,
+                    session_id,
+                    sequence,
+                },
+                PopupKind::Preview => PopupToHost::CancelPreview {
+                    version,
+                    session_id,
+                    sequence,
+                },
+                PopupKind::Capsule => PopupToHost::DismissCapsule {
+                    version,
+                    session_id,
+                    sequence,
+                },
+            };
+            self.send(message);
+            ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn popup_heading(ui: &mut egui::Ui, title: &str) {
+        let response = ui
+            .horizontal(|ui| ui.heading(title))
+            .response
+            .interact(egui::Sense::drag());
+        if response.drag_started() {
+            ui.ctx().send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::StartDrag);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Lightweight Markdown renderer ported from #997. It intentionally covers
+    /// the structures emitted by QA without introducing a WebView dependency.
+    fn render_popup_markdown(ui: &mut egui::Ui, markdown: &str) {
+        let mut code = String::new();
+        let mut in_code = false;
+        for line in markdown.lines() {
+            let trimmed = line.trim();
+            if trimmed.starts_with("```") {
+                if in_code {
+                    render_popup_code(ui, code.trim_end());
+                    code.clear();
+                }
+                in_code = !in_code;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if in_code {
+                code.push_str(line);
+                code.push('\n');
+                continue;
+            }
+            if trimmed.is_empty() {
+                ui.add_space(4.0);
+                continue;
+            }
+            let (text, size, strong, italics, bullet) =
+                if let Some(value) = trimmed.strip_prefix("### ") {
+                    (value, 14.0, true, false, false)
+                } else if let Some(value) = trimmed.strip_prefix("## ") {
+                    (value, 15.0, true, false, false)
+                } else if let Some(value) = trimmed.strip_prefix("# ") {
+                    (value, 16.0, true, false, false)
+                } else if let Some(value) = trimmed.strip_prefix("> ") {
+                    (value, 13.0, false, true, false)
+                } else if let Some(value) = trimmed
+                    .strip_prefix("- ")
+                    .or_else(|| trimmed.strip_prefix("* "))
+                {
+                    (value, 13.0, false, false, true)
+                } else {
+                    (trimmed, 13.0, false, false, false)
+                };
+            let display = if bullet {
+                format!("• {text}")
+            } else {
+                text.to_string()
+            };
+            render_popup_inline(ui, &display, size, strong, italics);
+        }
+        if in_code && !code.is_empty() {
+            render_popup_code(ui, code.trim_end());
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn render_popup_code(ui: &mut egui::Ui, code: &str) {
+        egui::Frame::new()
+            .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(6))
+            .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(8, 6))
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                ui.add(egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(code).monospace().size(12.0)).wrap());
+            });
+    }
+
+    fn render_popup_inline(
+        ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+        text: &str,
+        size: f32,
+        base_strong: bool,
+        base_italics: bool,
+    ) {
+        let mut job = egui::text::LayoutJob::default();
+        job.wrap.max_width = ui.available_width();
+        let mut rest = text;
+        while !rest.is_empty() {
+            let mut matched = false;
+            for (open, close, strong, italics, monospace) in [
+                ("**", "**", true, false, false),
+                ("__", "__", true, false, false),
+                ("`", "`", false, false, true),
+                ("*", "*", false, true, false),
+                ("_", "_", false, true, false),
+            ] {
+                if let Some(after_open) = rest.strip_prefix(open) {
+                    if let Some(end) = after_open.find(close) {
+                        append_popup_text(
+                            &mut job,
+                            &after_open[..end],
+                            size,
+                            base_strong || strong,
+                            base_italics || italics,
+                            monospace,
+                            ui,
+                        );
+                        rest = &after_open[end + close.len()..];
+                        matched = true;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if matched {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let next = ["**", "__", "`", "*", "_"]
+                .iter()
+                .filter_map(|marker| rest.find(marker))
+                .min()
+                .unwrap_or(rest.len());
+            let length = if next == 0 {
+                rest.chars().next().map(char::len_utf8).unwrap_or(0)
+            } else {
+                next
+            };
+            append_popup_text(
+                &mut job,
+                &rest[..length],
+                size,
+                base_strong,
+                base_italics,
+                false,
+                ui,
+            );
+            rest = &rest[length..];
+        }
+        ui.add(egui::Label::new(job).wrap());
+    }
+
+    fn append_popup_text(
+        job: &mut egui::text::LayoutJob,
+        text: &str,
+        size: f32,
+        strong: bool,
+        italics: bool,
+        monospace: bool,
+        ui: &egui::Ui,
+    ) {
+        job.append(
+            text,
+            0.0,
+            egui::TextFormat {
+                font_id: egui::FontId::new(
+                    size,
+                    if monospace {
+                        egui::FontFamily::Monospace
+                    } else {
+                        egui::FontFamily::Proportional
+                    },
+                ),
+                color: if strong {
+                    ui.visuals().strong_text_color()
+                } else {
+                    ui.visuals().text_color()
+                },
+                background: if monospace {
+                    theme::SURFACE_2
+                } else {
+                    egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT
+                },
+                italics,
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        );
+    }
+
+    impl eframe::App for NativePopupApp {
+        fn update(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context, _frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
+            while let Ok(message) = self.incoming.try_recv() {
+                if message
+                    .content_kind()
+                    .is_some_and(|message_kind| message_kind != self.kind)
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if matches!(message, HostToPopup::Preview { .. }) {
+                    self.preview_focus_requested = false;
+                }
+                let shutdown = matches!(message, HostToPopup::Shutdown { .. });
+                let outcome = self.state.apply(message);
+                if outcome == openless_linux_egui::PopupApplyOutcome::Applied {
+                    ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Visible(self.state.visible));
+                }
+                if shutdown || self.state.shutdown_requested {
+                    ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            if !self.ready_sent {
+                if let Some(session_id) = self.session_id() {
+                    let sequence = self.next_sequence();
+                    self.send(PopupToHost::Ready {
+                        version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                        session_id,
+                        sequence,
+                        kind: self.kind,
+                    });
+                    self.ready_sent = true;
+                }
+            }
+            if ctx.input(|input| input.key_pressed(egui::Key::Escape)) {
+                self.dismiss(ctx);
+                return;
+            }
+            let lang = self.lang;
+            egui::CentralPanel::default()
+                .frame(
+                    egui::Frame::NONE
+                        .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(12))
+                        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(18)),
+                )
+                .show(ctx, |ui| match self.kind {
+                    PopupKind::Preview => {
+                        popup_heading(ui, tr_l10n(lang, "heading.insert_preview"));
+                        ui.label(&self.state.preview.source);
+                        let editor = ui.add(
+                            egui::TextEdit::multiline(&mut self.state.preview.text)
+                                .desired_rows(6)
+                                .desired_width(f32::INFINITY),
+                        );
+                        if !self.preview_focus_requested {
+                            editor.request_focus();
+                            self.preview_focus_requested = true;
+                        }
+                        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                            if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.cancel")).clicked() {
+                                self.dismiss(ctx);
+                            }
+                            if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.insert")).clicked() {
+                                if let Some(session_id) = self.session_id() {
+                                    let sequence = self.next_sequence();
+                                    self.send(PopupToHost::ConfirmPreview {
+                                        version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                                        session_id,
+                                        sequence,
+                                        text: self.state.preview.text.clone(),
+                                    });
+                                    ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        });
+                    }
+                    PopupKind::Qa => {
+                        popup_heading(ui, tr_l10n(lang, "heading.qa_preview"));
+                        if let Some(selection) = &self.state.qa.selection_preview {
+                            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(selection).italics().color(theme::INK_3));
+                        }
+                        egui::ScrollArea::vertical()
+                            .max_height(300.0)
+                            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                                for message in &self.state.qa.messages {
+                                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(&message.role).strong());
+                                    render_popup_markdown(ui, &message.content);
+                                }
+                                if !self.state.qa.streaming_answer.is_empty() {
+                                    render_popup_markdown(ui, &self.state.qa.streaming_answer);
+                                }
+                                if let Some(error) = &self.state.qa.error {
+                                    ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::RED, error);
+                                }
+                            });
+                        let input = ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut self.qa_input);
+                        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                            if ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.close")).clicked() {
+                                self.dismiss(ctx);
+                            }
+                            if ui
+                                .button(if self.state.qa.phase == "Recording" {
+                                    tr_l10n(lang, "btn.stop_recording")
+                                } else {
+                                    tr_l10n(lang, "btn.voice_ask")
+                                })
+                                .clicked()
+                            {
+                                if let Some(session_id) = self.session_id() {
+                                    let sequence = self.next_sequence();
+                                    self.send(PopupToHost::ToggleQaRecording {
+                                        version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                                        session_id,
+                                        sequence,
+                                    });
+                                }
+                            }
+                            let submit = ui.button(tr_l10n(lang, "btn.send")).clicked()
+                                || (input.lost_focus()
+                                    && ui.input(|state| state.key_pressed(egui::Key::Enter)));
+                            if submit && !self.qa_input.trim().is_empty() {
+                                if let Some(session_id) = self.session_id() {
+                                    let sequence = self.next_sequence();
+                                    let text = std::mem::take(&mut self.qa_input);
+                                    self.send(PopupToHost::SubmitQa {
+                                        version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+                                        session_id,
+                                        sequence,
+                                        text,
+                                    });
+                                }
+                            }
+                        });
+                    }
+                    PopupKind::Capsule => {
+                        let response = ui
+                            .horizontal(|ui| {
+                                ui.spinner();
+                                ui.strong(&self.state.capsule.phase);
+                            })
+                            .response
+                            .interact(egui::Sense::drag());
+                        if response.drag_started() {
+                            ui.ctx().send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::StartDrag);
+                        }
+                        if !self.state.capsule.text.is_empty() {
+                            ui.label(&self.state.capsule.text);
+                        }
+                        if let Some(level) = self.state.capsule.audio_level {
+                            ui.add(egui::ProgressBar::new(level.clamp(0.0, 1.0)));
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+            ctx.request_repaint_after(Duration::from_millis(33));
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn popup_kind(args: &[String]) -> Option<PopupKind> {
+        if !args.iter().any(|arg| arg == "--openless-egui-popup") {
+            return None;
+        }
+        if args.iter().any(|arg| arg == "--qa") {
+            Some(PopupKind::Qa)
+        } else if args.iter().any(|arg| arg == "--preview") {
+            Some(PopupKind::Preview)
+        } else if args.iter().any(|arg| arg == "--capsule") {
+            Some(PopupKind::Capsule)
         } else {
-            LinuxPackageKind::SystemPackage
+            None
         }
     }
 
-    fn backend_config() -> Result<BackendConfig, String> {
-        let home = std::env::var_os("HOME").map(std::path::PathBuf::from);
-        let data_dir = std::env::var_os("XDG_DATA_HOME")
-            .map(std::path::PathBuf::from)
-            .or_else(|| home.as_ref().map(|home| home.join(".local/share")))
-            .ok_or_else(|| "HOME/XDG_DATA_HOME is unavailable".to_string())?
-            .join("OpenLess");
-        let cache_dir = std::env::var_os("XDG_CACHE_HOME")
-            .map(std::path::PathBuf::from)
-            .or_else(|| home.as_ref().map(|home| home.join(".cache")))
-            .ok_or_else(|| "HOME/XDG_CACHE_HOME is unavailable".to_string())?
-            .join("OpenLess");
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(&data_dir).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(&cache_dir).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
-        let kind = package_kind();
-        let capabilities = LinuxCapabilitySnapshot::detect(false, kind).capabilities;
-        Ok(BackendConfig {
-            data_dir,
-            cache_dir,
-            home_dir: home,
-            resource_dir: std::env::current_exe()
-                .ok()
-                .and_then(|path| path.parent().map(std::path::Path::to_path_buf)),
-            platform: capabilities,
-            locale: std::env::var("LANG").unwrap_or_else(|_| "en-US".to_string()),
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn ensure_fcitx5_ready(config: &BackendConfig) -> Result<FcitxPluginStatus, String> {
-        let home = config
-            .home_dir
-            .as_deref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| "HOME is unavailable for the fcitx5 plugin".to_string())?;
-        let layout = LinuxResourceLayout::detect(None).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
-        let plan =
-            FcitxPluginInstallPlan::for_layout(&layout, home).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
-        ensure_fcitx5_plugin_installed(&plan).map_err(|error| error.to_string())
+    fn run_popup_process(kind: PopupKind) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let (tx, rx) = mpsc::sync_channel(256);
+        std::thread::Builder::new()
+            .name("openless-popup-input".into())
+            .spawn(move || {
+                let stdin = std::io::stdin();
+                let mut reader = std::io::BufReader::new(stdin.lock());
+                if let Err(error) = openless_linux_egui::run_popup(&mut reader, |message| {
+                    let _ = tx.send(message);
+                }) {
+                    eprintln!("OpenLess popup input failed: {error}");
+                }
+            })
+            .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+        let (outgoing_tx, outgoing_rx) = mpsc::channel::<PopupToHost>();
+        std::thread::Builder::new()
+            .name("openless-popup-output".into())
+            .spawn(move || {
+                let stdout = std::io::stdout();
+                let mut writer = stdout.lock();
+                while let Ok(message) = outgoing_rx.recv() {
+                    if let Err(error) = write_jsonl(&mut writer, &message) {
+                        eprintln!("OpenLess popup output failed: {error}");
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            })
+            .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+        let size = match kind {
+            PopupKind::Qa => [520.0, 520.0],
+            PopupKind::Preview => [480.0, 300.0],
+            PopupKind::Capsule => [340.0, 112.0],
+        };
+        let options = eframe::NativeOptions {
+            viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default()
+                .with_title("OpenLess")
+                .with_inner_size(size)
+                .with_decorations(false)
+                .with_always_on_top()
+                .with_visible(false),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        eframe::run_native(
+            "OpenLess Popup",
+            options,
+            Box::new(move |cc| {
+                theme::install(&cc.egui_ctx);
+                Ok(Box::new(NativePopupApp {
+                    kind,
+                    state: PopupState::default(),
+                    incoming: rx,
+                    outgoing: outgoing_tx,
+                    qa_input: String::new(),
+                    outgoing_sequence: 0,
+                    ready_sent: false,
+                    preview_focus_requested: false,
+                    // The popup is a separate process, so it re-reads the
+                    // persisted UI-locale preference rather than sharing state.
+                    lang: load_locale_pref().resolve(),
+                }))
+            }),
+        )
+        .map_err(|error| error.to_string())
     }
 
     pub fn run() -> Result<(), String> {
+        let args = std::env::args().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        if let Some(kind) = popup_kind(&args) {
+            return run_popup_process(kind);
+        }
+        let start_minimized = args.iter().any(|arg| arg == "--minimized");
         let tokio = Arc::new(tokio::runtime::Runtime::new().map_err(|error| error.to_string())?);
-        let config = backend_config()?;
+        let tray = openless_linux_egui::LinuxTray::start().ok();
+        let tray_available = tray.is_some();
+        let kind = package_kind();
+        let update_support = LinuxUpdateSupport::initialize(kind);
+        let updater_available = update_support.supports_auto_update();
+        let config = backend_config(tray_available, updater_available)?;
+        if let Err(error) = openless_linux_egui::init_file_logger(&config.data_dir) {
+            eprintln!("OpenLess file logger unavailable: {error}");
+        }
         let runtime_dir = std::env::var_os("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR")
             .map(std::path::PathBuf::from)
             .unwrap_or_else(|| config.cache_dir.join("runtime"));
-        let args = std::env::args().collect::<Vec<_>>();
         let broker = match SingleInstanceBroker::acquire_or_forward(
             &runtime_dir.join("openless.lock"),
             &runtime_dir.join("openless.sock"),
@@ -2683,23 +6728,12 @@ mod linux_app {
             SingleInstanceRole::Primary(broker) => broker,
             SingleInstanceRole::Forwarded => return Ok(()),
         };
-        let plugin_check = ensure_fcitx5_ready(&config);
-        let environment = LinuxCapabilitySnapshot::detect(false, package_kind());
         let native = (|| {
             // AppImage may need to materialize its bundled plugin into the
             // per-user fcitx5 search path. Do that before opening the DBus
             // listener: otherwise the first run can wait forever for signals
             // from a plugin fcitx5 has never loaded.
-            match &plugin_check {
-                Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Ready) => {}
-                Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Updated) => return Err(
-                    "fcitx5 插件已安装或更新；请重载配置（fcitx5-remote -r），重新启动 fcitx5 或重新登录桌面，再启动 OpenLess".to_string()
-                ),
-                Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Missing) => return Err(
-                    "未找到 OpenLess fcitx5 插件；请重新安装当前软件包".to_string()
-                ),
-                Err(error) => return Err(error.clone()),
-            }
+            ensure_fcitx5_ready(&config)?;
             let hotkeys = Fcitx5HotkeyListener::start().map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
             let backend = {
                 // Construction captures the existing executor for cpal/native
@@ -2721,18 +6755,26 @@ mod linux_app {
         })();
         let options = eframe::NativeOptions {
             viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default()
-                .with_inner_size([1040.0, 760.0])
-                .with_min_inner_size([420.0, 400.0]),
+                .with_title("OpenLess")
+                .with_inner_size([1240.0, 800.0])
+                .with_min_inner_size([960.0, 640.0])
+                .with_decorations(false)
+                .with_transparent(true)
+                .with_resizable(true)
+                .with_visible(!start_minimized || !tray_available),
             ..Default::default()
         };
         eframe::run_native(
             "OpenLess",
             options,
-            Box::new(move |_| {
-                let mut app = OpenLessEguiApp::new(tokio, native);
-                app.environment = Some(environment);
-                app.plugin_check = Some(plugin_check);
-                Ok(Box::new(app))
+            Box::new(move |cc| {
+                theme::install(&cc.egui_ctx);
+                Ok(Box::new(OpenLessEguiApp::new(
+                    tokio,
+                    native,
+                    tray,
+                    update_support,
+                )))
             }),
         )
         .map_err(|error| error.to_string())
@@ -2742,284 +6784,15 @@ mod linux_app {
     mod tests {
         use super::*;
 
-        fn disconnected_app() -> OpenLessEguiApp {
-            OpenLessEguiApp::new(
-                Arc::new(tokio::runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap()),
-                Err("fixture: plugin unavailable".into()),
-            )
-        }
-
-        fn rendered_text(mut draw: impl FnMut(&mut egui::Ui)) -> String {
-            let ctx = egui::Context::default();
-            let output = ctx.run(
-                egui::RawInput {
-                    screen_rect: Some(egui::Rect::from_min_size(
-                        egui::Pos2::ZERO,
-                        egui::vec2(720.0, 1800.0),
-                    )),
-                    ..Default::default()
-                },
-                |ctx| {
-                    egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {
-                        draw(ui);
-                    });
-                },
-            );
-            output
-                .shapes
-                .into_iter()
-                .filter_map(|shape| match shape.shape {
-                    egui::epaint::Shape::Text(text) => Some(text.galley.job.text.clone()),
-                    _ => None,
-                })
-                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-                .join("\n")
-        }
-
-        #[test]
-        fn start_page_pipeline_multimodal_uses_only_omni_configuration() {
-            use openless_core::shared_types::PipelineMode;
-
-            let mut app = disconnected_app();
-            // A pending settings draft must not override Core's effective mode.
-            app.preferences = Some(UserPreferences {
-                multimodal_pipeline_enabled: false,
-                pipeline_mode: PipelineMode::Traditional,
-                ..Default::default()
-            });
-            for omni_configured in [true, false] {
-                for (asr_configured, llm_configured) in
-                    [(false, false), (true, false), (false, true), (true, true)]
-                {
-                    app.snapshot = Some(BackendSnapshot {
-                        credentials: openless_core::shared_types::CredentialsStatus {
-                            pipeline_mode: PipelineMode::Multimodal,
-                            omni_configured,
-                            asr_configured,
-                            llm_configured,
-                            ..Default::default()
-                        },
-                        ..Default::default()
-                    });
-                    let text = rendered_text(|ui| app.start_ui(ui));
-                    let expected = if omni_configured {
-                        "Omni：已配置"
-                    } else {
-                        "Omni：尚未配置"
-                    };
-                    assert!(text.contains(expected), "missing {expected}: {text}");
-                    assert!(!text.contains("语音识别：尚未配置"), "{text}");
-                    assert!(!text.contains("ASR 语音识别："), "{text}");
-                    assert!(!text.contains("LLM 润色："), "{text}");
-                    assert!(text.contains("已配置不代表校验通过"), "{text}");
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        #[test]
-        fn start_page_pipeline_traditional_reports_asr_and_llm_independently() {
-            use openless_core::shared_types::PipelineMode;
-
-            let mut app = disconnected_app();
-            // Conversely, a multimodal draft must not hide the effective
-            // traditional pipeline's missing ASR or LLM configuration.
-            app.preferences = Some(UserPreferences {
-                multimodal_pipeline_enabled: true,
-                pipeline_mode: PipelineMode::Multimodal,
-                ..Default::default()
-            });
-            for omni_configured in [true, false] {
-                for (asr_configured, llm_configured) in
-                    [(false, false), (true, false), (false, true), (true, true)]
-                {
-                    app.snapshot = Some(BackendSnapshot {
-                        credentials: openless_core::shared_types::CredentialsStatus {
-                            pipeline_mode: PipelineMode::Traditional,
-                            omni_configured,
-                            asr_configured,
-                            llm_configured,
-                            ..Default::default()
-                        },
-                        ..Default::default()
-                    });
-                    let text = rendered_text(|ui| app.start_ui(ui));
-                    for expected in [
-                        if asr_configured {
-                            "ASR 语音识别：已配置"
-                        } else {
-                            "ASR 语音识别：尚未配置"
-                        },
-                        if llm_configured {
-                            "LLM 润色：已配置"
-                        } else {
-                            "LLM 润色：尚未配置"
-                        },
-                    ] {
-                        assert!(text.contains(expected), "missing {expected}: {text}");
-                    }
-                    assert!(!text.contains("Omni："), "{text}");
-                    assert!(text.contains("已配置不代表校验通过"), "{text}");
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        #[test]
-        fn background_approval_survives_navigation_and_stale_terminals() {
-            let mut app = disconnected_app();
-            let session = openless_core::SessionId::new();
-            for (sequence, kind) in [
-                (
-                    1,
-                    LessComputerEventKind::User {
-                        text: "task".into(),
-                        fresh: true,
-                    },
-                ),
-                (
-                    2,
-                    LessComputerEventKind::Approval {
-                        token: "approval".into(),
-                        command: "echo test".into(),
-                        reason: "fixture".into(),
-                    },
-                ),
-            ] {
-                app.apply_event(BackendEvent {
-                    sequence,
-                    session_id: Some(session),
-                    kind: BackendEventKind::LessComputerEvent(openless_core::LessComputerEvent {
-                        seq: None,
-                        kind,
-                    }),
-                });
-            }
-            for page in Page::ALL {
-                app.navigation.open(page);
-                assert_eq!(app.page_activity(Page::Agent), Some("待审批"));
-                let text = rendered_text(|ui| {
-                    app.activity_ui(ui);
-                    app.agent_approval_ui(ui);
-                });
-                for control in ["允许", "拒绝", "取消 Agent"] {
-                    assert!(
-                        text.contains(control),
-                        "missing {control} on {page:?}: {text}"
-                    );
-                }
-            }
-            app.apply_event(BackendEvent {
-                sequence: 3,
-                session_id: Some(openless_core::SessionId::new()),
-                kind: BackendEventKind::LessComputerEvent(openless_core::LessComputerEvent {
-                    seq: None,
-                    kind: LessComputerEventKind::Cancelled,
-                }),
-            });
-            assert_eq!(
-                app.pending_approval,
-                Some(("approval".into(), "echo test".into()))
-            );
-            assert!(app.less_computer_running);
-        }
-
-        #[test]
-        fn qa_and_selection_events_on_settings_keep_drafts_and_action_notices() {
-            let mut app = disconnected_app();
-            app.navigation.open(Page::Settings);
-            app.qa_input = "unsent question".into();
-            let qa_session = openless_core::SessionId::new();
-            let mut thinking = QaStateEvent::simple(QaStateKind::Thinking);
-            thinking.session_id = Some(qa_session.to_string());
-            app.apply_event(BackendEvent {
-                sequence: 1,
-                session_id: Some(qa_session),
-                kind: BackendEventKind::QaState(thinking),
-            });
-            let selection_session = openless_core::SessionId::new();
-            app.apply_event(BackendEvent {
-                sequence: 2,
-                session_id: Some(selection_session),
-                kind: BackendEventKind::SelectionStateChanged(SelectionSnapshot {
-                    phase: SelectionPhase::Preview,
-                    session_id: Some(selection_session),
-                    preview_text: Some("editable preview".into()),
-                    ..Default::default()
-                }),
-            });
-            assert_eq!(app.navigation.page, Page::Settings);
-            assert!(app.navigation.has_update(Page::Qa));
-            assert_eq!(app.page_activity(Page::Selection), Some("待确认"));
-            app.selection_draft = "user edited preview".into();
-            app.navigation.open(Page::Qa);
-            app.navigation.open(Page::Selection);
-            app.navigation.open(Page::Models);
-            assert_eq!(app.qa_input, "unsent question");
-            assert_eq!(app.selection_draft, "user edited preview");
-            assert_eq!(
-                app.selection.as_ref().unwrap().session_id,
-                Some(selection_session)
-            );
-            let text = rendered_text(|ui| app.activity_ui(ui));
-            assert!(text.contains("取消选区预览"), "{text}");
-        }
-
-        #[test]
-        fn startup_failure_keeps_preparation_steps_without_claiming_connection() {
-            let mut app = disconnected_app();
-            app.environment = Some(LinuxCapabilitySnapshot::from_environment(
-                Some("wayland-0"),
-                None,
-                false,
-                false,
-                LinuxPackageKind::AppImage,
-            ));
-            app.plugin_check = Some(Ok(FcitxPluginStatus::Updated));
-            let text = rendered_text(|ui| app.start_ui(ui));
-            for expected in [
-                "Core 未连接",
-                "Wayland",
-                "D-Bus 探测未通过",
-                "尚未验证录音",
-                "fcitx5-diagnose",
-                "fcitx5-remote -r",
-                "Secret Service",
-            ] {
-                assert!(text.contains(expected), "missing {expected}: {text}");
-            }
-            assert!(!text.contains("Core 已连接"));
-            assert!(!text.contains("Core：运行中"));
-        }
-
-        #[test]
-        fn stopped_or_stale_remote_status_never_shows_pairing_secrets_or_old_urls() {
-            let mut app = disconnected_app();
-            for (running, urls_stale) in [(false, false), (true, true)] {
-                app.remote_access = Some((
-                    openless_core::RemoteInputStatus {
-                        enabled: true,
-                        running,
-                        starting: false,
-                        port: 8443,
-                        urls: vec!["https://old.example.invalid".into()],
-                        urls_stale,
-                        locale: "en".into(),
-                        connection_count: 0,
-                        active_session_id: None,
-                    },
-                    "fixture-pin".into(),
-                ));
-                let text = rendered_text(|ui| app.remote_ui(ui));
-                assert!(!text.contains("fixture-pin"), "{text}");
-                assert!(!text.contains("https://old.example.invalid"), "{text}");
-                assert!(text.contains("当前连接数：0"), "{text}");
-            }
-        }
-
         #[test]
         fn continuation_turn_keeps_receiving_output_and_approval() {
             let mut app = OpenLessEguiApp::new(
                 Arc::new(tokio::runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap()),
                 Err("fixture".into()),
+                None,
+                LinuxUpdateSupport::ManualOnly {
+                    releases_url: openless_linux_egui::RELEASES_URL,
+                },
             );
             let first = openless_core::SessionId::new();
             let second = openless_core::SessionId::new();
@@ -3094,6 +6867,10 @@ mod linux_app {
             let mut app = OpenLessEguiApp::new(
                 Arc::new(tokio::runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap()),
                 Err("fixture".into()),
+                None,
+                LinuxUpdateSupport::ManualOnly {
+                    releases_url: openless_linux_egui::RELEASES_URL,
+                },
             );
             let session = openless_core::SessionId::new();
             let mut thinking = QaStateEvent::simple(QaStateKind::Thinking);
@@ -3122,6 +6899,279 @@ mod linux_app {
             assert_eq!(state.chunk.as_deref(), Some("Hello world"));
             assert_eq!(state.messages.as_ref().unwrap()[0].content, "question");
         }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn settings_conflict_merge_preserves_only_dirty_draft_fields() {
+            let latest = UserPreferences {
+                remote_input_port: 9443,
+                streaming_insert: false,
+                ..Default::default()
+            };
+            let draft = UserPreferences {
+                remote_input_port: 7777,
+                streaming_insert: true,
+                ..Default::default()
+            };
+            let dirty = SettingsDirty {
+                streaming_insert: true,
+                ..Default::default()
+            };
+
+            let merged = dirty.merge(&latest, &draft);
+
+            assert!(merged.streaming_insert);
+            assert_eq!(merged.remote_input_port, 9443);
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn style_pack_hotkey_update_preserves_other_pack_bindings() {
+            let mut preferences = UserPreferences::default();
+            let first = openless_core::shared_types::ShortcutBinding {
+                primary: "1".into(),
+                modifiers: vec!["ctrl".into()],
+            };
+            let second = openless_core::shared_types::ShortcutBinding {
+                primary: "2".into(),
+                modifiers: vec!["alt".into()],
+            };
+            set_style_pack_hotkey(&mut preferences, "first", Some(first.clone()));
+            set_style_pack_hotkey(&mut preferences, "second", Some(second.clone()));
+            set_style_pack_hotkey(&mut preferences, "first", None);
+
+            assert_eq!(preferences.style_pack_hotkeys.len(), 1);
+            assert_eq!(preferences.style_pack_hotkeys[0].pack_id, "second");
+            assert_eq!(preferences.style_pack_hotkeys[0].binding, second);
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn settings_conflict_merge_preserves_hotkey_drafts_as_one_domain() {
+            let latest = UserPreferences::default();
+            let mut draft = latest.clone();
+            draft.open_app_hotkey = Some(openless_core::shared_types::ShortcutBinding {
+                primary: "O".into(),
+                modifiers: vec!["ctrl".into(), "shift".into()],
+            });
+            let dirty = SettingsDirty {
+                hotkeys: true,
+                ..Default::default()
+            };
+
+            let merged = dirty.merge(&latest, &draft);
+
+            assert_eq!(merged.open_app_hotkey, draft.open_app_hotkey);
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn settings_conflict_merge_preserves_recording_device_and_appearance_domains() {
+            let latest = UserPreferences {
+                remote_input_port: 9443,
+                ..Default::default()
+            };
+            let mut draft = latest.clone();
+            draft.hotkey.mode = openless_core::shared_types::HotkeyMode::Auto;
+            draft.silence_auto_stop_enabled = true;
+            draft.silence_auto_stop_seconds = 1.5;
+            draft.mute_during_recording = true;
+            draft.audio_cue_on_record = false;
+            draft.microphone_device_name = "USB microphone".into();
+            draft.theme_mode = openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Dark;
+            draft.show_overview_activity_heatmap = false;
+            draft.remote_input_port = 7777;
+            let dirty = SettingsDirty {
+                recording: true,
+                microphone: true,
+                appearance: true,
+                ..Default::default()
+            };
+
+            let merged = dirty.merge(&latest, &draft);
+
+            assert_eq!(merged.hotkey.mode, draft.hotkey.mode);
+            assert!(merged.silence_auto_stop_enabled);
+            assert_eq!(merged.silence_auto_stop_seconds, 1.5);
+            assert!(merged.mute_during_recording);
+            assert!(!merged.audio_cue_on_record);
+            assert_eq!(merged.microphone_device_name, "USB microphone");
+            assert_eq!(
+                merged.theme_mode,
+                openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Dark
+            );
+            assert!(!merged.show_overview_activity_heatmap);
+            assert_eq!(merged.remote_input_port, 9443);
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn ready_install_needs_no_reload_but_continues() {
+            assert!(reconcile_fcitx5_install(FcitxPluginStatus::Ready).is_ok());
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn missing_install_aborts_without_reloading() {
+            let error = reconcile_fcitx5_install(FcitxPluginStatus::Missing)
+                .expect_err("a missing plugin must abort startup");
+            assert!(
+                error.contains("OpenLess fcitx5 插件"),
+                "unexpected Missing message: {error}"
+            );
+        }
+
+        // ---- Overview summary (Tauri parity) -----------------------------
+
+        fn session_entry(
+            created_at: &str,
+            final_text: &str,
+            duration_ms: Option<u64>,
+        ) -> openless_core::DictationSession {
+            openless_core::DictationSession {
+                id: String::new(),
+                created_at: created_at.to_string(),
+                source: openless_core::HistorySource::Voice,
+                raw_transcript: String::new(),
+                asr_transcript: None,
+                final_text: final_text.to_string(),
+                mode: openless_core::PolishMode::Raw,
+                style_pack_id: None,
+                translation_active: false,
+                polish_source: None,
+                app_bundle_id: None,
+                app_name: None,
+                insert_status: openless_core::HistoryInsertStatus::Inserted,
+                error_code: None,
+                duration_ms,
+                dictionary_entry_count: None,
+                has_audio_recording: None,
+                asr_provider: None,
+                asr_model: None,
+                llm_provider: None,
+                llm_model: None,
+                pipeline_mode: None,
+                asr_ms: None,
+                polish_ms: None,
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn activity_day(date: &str, count: u32) -> openless_core::ActivityDay {
+            openless_core::ActivityDay {
+                date: date.to_string(),
+                count,
+                chars: 0,
+                duration_ms: 0,
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn overview_metrics_aggregate_only_today_from_history() {
+            let now = chrono::Local::now();
+            let today = now.date_naive();
+            let history = vec![
+                session_entry(&now.to_rfc3339(), "今天第一句", Some(2000)),
+                session_entry(
+                    &(now - chrono::Duration::days(1)).to_rfc3339(),
+                    "昨天",
+                    Some(999),
+                ),
+                session_entry(
+                    &(now - chrono::Duration::days(2)).to_rfc3339(),
+                    "前天",
+                    None,
+                ),
+            ];
+            let credentials = openless_core::CredentialsStatus {
+                active_asr_provider: "volcengine".to_string(),
+                active_llm_provider: "ark".to_string(),
+                asr_configured: true,
+                ..Default::default()
+            };
+
+            let summary = overview_summary(
+                &OverviewData {
+                    credentials,
+                    history,
+                    activity: Vec::new(),
+                },
+                today,
+            );
+
+            assert_eq!(summary.segments_today, 1, "only today's entry counts");
+            assert_eq!(summary.chars_today, 5, "今日第一句 has 5 chars");
+            assert_eq!(summary.duration_ms_today, 2000);
+            assert_eq!(summary.avg_latency_ms, 2000);
+            assert_eq!(summary.history_total, 3);
+            assert_eq!(summary.asr_provider, "volcengine");
+            assert!(summary.asr_configured);
+            assert!(!summary.llm_configured);
+            assert_eq!(summary.recent.len(), 3, "newest three retained");
+            assert_eq!(
+                summary.recent[0].final_text, "今天第一句",
+                "recent list is newest-first"
+            );
+            assert_eq!(summary.recent[0].duration_ms, Some(2000));
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn overview_activity_windows_and_heatmap_are_windowed_by_date() {
+            let today = chrono::NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2026, 1, 15).unwrap();
+            let credentials = openless_core::CredentialsStatus::default();
+            let activity = vec![
+                activity_day("2026-01-15", 5),
+                activity_day("2026-01-08", 2),
+                activity_day("2026-01-01", 3),
+                activity_day("2025-06-01", 9),
+            ];
+
+            let summary = overview_summary(
+                &OverviewData {
+                    credentials,
+                    history: Vec::new(),
+                    activity,
+                },
+                today,
+            );
+
+            // Last-7 window covers only Jan 15.
+            assert_eq!(summary.last_7.active_days, 1);
+            assert_eq!(summary.last_7.segments, 5);
+            // Last-30 window covers Jan 15, Jan 8 and Jan 1.
+            assert_eq!(summary.last_30.active_days, 3);
+            assert_eq!(summary.last_30.segments, 10);
+            assert_eq!(summary.activity_days_total, 4);
+
+            // The trailing 364-day heatmap sums every in-window day.
+            let heat_total: u32 = summary
+                .heatmap_weeks
+                .iter()
+                .flat_map(|week| week.iter())
+                .sum();
+            assert_eq!(heat_total, 19);
+            assert_eq!(summary.heatmap_days, 364);
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn overview_heatmap_excludes_days_outside_trailing_window() {
+            let today = chrono::NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2026, 1, 15).unwrap();
+            let far = (today - chrono::Duration::days(400))
+                .format("%Y-%m-%d")
+                .to_string();
+            let summary = overview_summary(
+                &OverviewData {
+                    credentials: openless_core::CredentialsStatus::default(),
+                    history: Vec::new(),
+                    activity: vec![activity_day("2026-01-15", 3), activity_day(&far, 7)],
+                },
+                today,
+            );
+
+            let heat_total: u32 = summary
+                .heatmap_weeks
+                .iter()
+                .flat_map(|week| week.iter())
+                .sum();
+            assert_eq!(
+                heat_total, 3,
+                "days older than the trailing window must not appear in the heatmap"
+            );
+            assert_eq!(summary.activity_days_total, 2);
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/popup.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/popup.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8e9a1c508
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/popup.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,1018 @@
+//! Native popup process protocol and lifecycle management.
+//!
+//! The egui frame must never own or wait for a child process.  [`PopupSupervisor`]
+//! moves the child, its pipes and all waiting into Tokio tasks and exposes only
+//! non-blocking `try_*` methods to the UI thread.
+
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::io::{BufRead, Write};
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::process::Stdio;
+use std::sync::mpsc::{self, Receiver};
+
+use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use tokio::io::{AsyncBufRead, AsyncBufReadExt, AsyncWriteExt, BufReader};
+use tokio::process::Command;
+use tokio::runtime::Handle;
+use tokio::sync::mpsc as tokio_mpsc;
+
+pub const POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION: u16 = 1;
+pub const MAX_JSONL_LINE_BYTES: usize = 1024 * 1024;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum PopupKind {
+    Qa,
+    Preview,
+    Capsule,
+}
+
+impl PopupKind {
+    pub fn argument(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Qa => "--qa",
+            Self::Preview => "--preview",
+            Self::Capsule => "--capsule",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct PopupChatMessage {
+    pub role: String,
+    pub content: String,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub selection_text: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// Messages written by the Linux host to a popup's stdin.
+///
+/// Every variant is independently versioned and ordered.  This deliberately
+/// avoids an unversioned outer envelope that can accidentally be discarded by
+/// a future enum deserializer.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum HostToPopup {
+    Preview {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+        text: String,
+        source: String,
+    },
+    QaSnapshot {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+        phase: String,
+        messages: Vec<PopupChatMessage>,
+        #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        selection_preview: Option<String>,
+        #[serde(default)]
+        streaming_answer: String,
+        #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        error: Option<String>,
+    },
+    Capsule {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+        phase: String,
+        #[serde(default)]
+        text: String,
+        #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        audio_level: Option<f32>,
+    },
+    Hide {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+    },
+    Shutdown {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+    },
+}
+
+impl HostToPopup {
+    pub fn version(&self) -> u16 {
+        match self {
+            Self::Preview { version, .. }
+            | Self::QaSnapshot { version, .. }
+            | Self::Capsule { version, .. }
+            | Self::Hide { version, .. }
+            | Self::Shutdown { version, .. } => *version,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn session_id(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Preview { session_id, .. }
+            | Self::QaSnapshot { session_id, .. }
+            | Self::Capsule { session_id, .. }
+            | Self::Hide { session_id, .. }
+            | Self::Shutdown { session_id, .. } => session_id,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn sequence(&self) -> u64 {
+        match self {
+            Self::Preview { sequence, .. }
+            | Self::QaSnapshot { sequence, .. }
+            | Self::Capsule { sequence, .. }
+            | Self::Hide { sequence, .. }
+            | Self::Shutdown { sequence, .. } => *sequence,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn content_kind(&self) -> Option<PopupKind> {
+        match self {
+            Self::Preview { .. } => Some(PopupKind::Preview),
+            Self::QaSnapshot { .. } => Some(PopupKind::Qa),
+            Self::Capsule { .. } => Some(PopupKind::Capsule),
+            Self::Hide { .. } | Self::Shutdown { .. } => None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Actions written by a popup to the host's stdout.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum PopupToHost {
+    Ready {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+        kind: PopupKind,
+    },
+    ConfirmPreview {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+        text: String,
+    },
+    CancelPreview {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+    },
+    SubmitQa {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+        text: String,
+    },
+    ToggleQaRecording {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+    },
+    DismissQa {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+    },
+    DismissCapsule {
+        version: u16,
+        session_id: String,
+        sequence: u64,
+    },
+}
+
+impl PopupToHost {
+    pub fn version(&self) -> u16 {
+        match self {
+            Self::Ready { version, .. }
+            | Self::ConfirmPreview { version, .. }
+            | Self::CancelPreview { version, .. }
+            | Self::SubmitQa { version, .. }
+            | Self::ToggleQaRecording { version, .. }
+            | Self::DismissQa { version, .. }
+            | Self::DismissCapsule { version, .. } => *version,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn session_id(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Ready { session_id, .. }
+            | Self::ConfirmPreview { session_id, .. }
+            | Self::CancelPreview { session_id, .. }
+            | Self::SubmitQa { session_id, .. }
+            | Self::ToggleQaRecording { session_id, .. }
+            | Self::DismissQa { session_id, .. }
+            | Self::DismissCapsule { session_id, .. } => session_id,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn sequence(&self) -> u64 {
+        match self {
+            Self::Ready { sequence, .. }
+            | Self::ConfirmPreview { sequence, .. }
+            | Self::CancelPreview { sequence, .. }
+            | Self::SubmitQa { sequence, .. }
+            | Self::ToggleQaRecording { sequence, .. }
+            | Self::DismissQa { sequence, .. }
+            | Self::DismissCapsule { sequence, .. } => *sequence,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn kind(&self) -> PopupKind {
+        match self {
+            Self::Ready { kind, .. } => *kind,
+            Self::ConfirmPreview { .. } | Self::CancelPreview { .. } => PopupKind::Preview,
+            Self::SubmitQa { .. } | Self::ToggleQaRecording { .. } | Self::DismissQa { .. } => {
+                PopupKind::Qa
+            }
+            Self::DismissCapsule { .. } => PopupKind::Capsule,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+struct PopupActionSlot {
+    session_id: Option<String>,
+    sequence: u64,
+}
+
+/// Rejects stale, cross-session and cross-kind actions received from popup
+/// children. Each newly spawned process resets only its own sequence domain.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct PopupActionGuard {
+    qa: PopupActionSlot,
+    preview: PopupActionSlot,
+    capsule: PopupActionSlot,
+}
+
+impl PopupActionGuard {
+    fn slot_mut(&mut self, kind: PopupKind) -> &mut PopupActionSlot {
+        match kind {
+            PopupKind::Qa => &mut self.qa,
+            PopupKind::Preview => &mut self.preview,
+            PopupKind::Capsule => &mut self.capsule,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn reset(&mut self, kind: PopupKind) {
+        *self.slot_mut(kind) = PopupActionSlot::default();
+    }
+
+    pub fn accept(
+        &mut self,
+        process_kind: PopupKind,
+        message: &PopupToHost,
+        expected_session_id: &str,
+    ) -> bool {
+        if message.version() != POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION
+            || message.kind() != process_kind
+            || message.session_id() != expected_session_id
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let slot = self.slot_mut(process_kind);
+        if slot.session_id.as_deref() != Some(expected_session_id) {
+            slot.session_id = Some(expected_session_id.to_owned());
+            slot.sequence = 0;
+        }
+        if message.sequence() <= slot.sequence {
+            return false;
+        }
+        slot.sequence = message.sequence();
+        true
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait VersionedMessage {
+    fn protocol_version(&self) -> u16;
+}
+
+impl VersionedMessage for HostToPopup {
+    fn protocol_version(&self) -> u16 {
+        self.version()
+    }
+}
+
+impl VersionedMessage for PopupToHost {
+    fn protocol_version(&self) -> u16 {
+        self.version()
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ProtocolErrorKind {
+    Io,
+    Eof,
+    Truncated,
+    Oversize,
+    Malformed,
+    UnsupportedVersion,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct ProtocolError {
+    pub kind: ProtocolErrorKind,
+    pub message: String,
+}
+
+impl ProtocolError {
+    fn new(kind: ProtocolErrorKind, message: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            kind,
+            message: message.into(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for ProtocolError {
+    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(formatter, "{}", self.message)
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for ProtocolError {}
+
+/// Write one complete JSONL frame. Serialization is used for all escaping.
+pub fn write_jsonl<T: Serialize>(writer: &mut impl Write, value: &T) -> Result<(), ProtocolError> {
+    let encoded = serde_json::to_vec(value)
+        .map_err(|error| ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Malformed, error.to_string()))?;
+    if encoded.len() > MAX_JSONL_LINE_BYTES {
+        return Err(ProtocolError::new(
+            ProtocolErrorKind::Oversize,
+            format!("popup JSONL frame is {} bytes", encoded.len()),
+        ));
+    }
+    writer
+        .write_all(&encoded)
+        .and_then(|_| writer.write_all(b"\n"))
+        .and_then(|_| writer.flush())
+        .map_err(|error| ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Io, error.to_string()))
+}
+
+/// Read one complete, bounded JSONL frame.
+pub fn read_jsonl<T>(reader: &mut impl BufRead) -> Result<T, ProtocolError>
+where
+    T: DeserializeOwned + VersionedMessage,
+{
+    let bytes = read_bounded_line(reader)?;
+    decode_jsonl(&bytes)
+}
+
+fn read_bounded_line(reader: &mut impl BufRead) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ProtocolError> {
+    let mut bytes = Vec::new();
+    loop {
+        let available = reader
+            .fill_buf()
+            .map_err(|error| ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Io, error.to_string()))?;
+        if available.is_empty() {
+            return if bytes.is_empty() {
+                Err(ProtocolError::new(
+                    ProtocolErrorKind::Eof,
+                    "popup stream closed",
+                ))
+            } else {
+                Err(ProtocolError::new(
+                    ProtocolErrorKind::Truncated,
+                    "popup stream ended in the middle of a JSONL frame",
+                ))
+            };
+        }
+        let newline = available.iter().position(|byte| *byte == b'\n');
+        let content_len = bytes
+            .len()
+            .saturating_add(newline.unwrap_or(available.len()));
+        let take = newline.map_or(available.len(), |index| index + 1);
+        if content_len > MAX_JSONL_LINE_BYTES {
+            reader.consume(take);
+            if newline.is_none() {
+                discard_through_newline(reader)?;
+            }
+            return Err(ProtocolError::new(
+                ProtocolErrorKind::Oversize,
+                "popup JSONL frame exceeds the 1 MiB limit",
+            ));
+        }
+        bytes.extend_from_slice(&available[..take]);
+        reader.consume(take);
+        if newline.is_some() {
+            bytes.pop();
+            if bytes.last() == Some(&b'\r') {
+                bytes.pop();
+            }
+            return Ok(bytes);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn discard_through_newline(reader: &mut impl BufRead) -> Result<(), ProtocolError> {
+    loop {
+        let available = reader
+            .fill_buf()
+            .map_err(|error| ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Io, error.to_string()))?;
+        if available.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        let newline = available.iter().position(|byte| *byte == b'\n');
+        let take = newline.map_or(available.len(), |index| index + 1);
+        reader.consume(take);
+        if newline.is_some() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn decode_jsonl<T>(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<T, ProtocolError>
+where
+    T: DeserializeOwned + VersionedMessage,
+{
+    let message: T = serde_json::from_slice(bytes)
+        .map_err(|error| ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Malformed, error.to_string()))?;
+    if message.protocol_version() != POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION {
+        return Err(ProtocolError::new(
+            ProtocolErrorKind::UnsupportedVersion,
+            format!(
+                "unsupported popup protocol version {} (expected {})",
+                message.protocol_version(),
+                POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION
+            ),
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(message)
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, PartialEq)]
+pub struct PreviewPopupState {
+    pub text: String,
+    pub source: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, PartialEq)]
+pub struct QaPopupState {
+    pub phase: String,
+    pub messages: Vec<PopupChatMessage>,
+    pub selection_preview: Option<String>,
+    pub streaming_answer: String,
+    pub error: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, PartialEq)]
+pub struct CapsulePopupState {
+    pub phase: String,
+    pub text: String,
+    pub audio_level: Option<f32>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, PartialEq)]
+pub struct PopupState {
+    pub session_id: Option<String>,
+    pub last_sequence: u64,
+    pub visible: bool,
+    pub shutdown_requested: bool,
+    pub preview: PreviewPopupState,
+    pub qa: QaPopupState,
+    pub capsule: CapsulePopupState,
+    retired_sessions: HashSet<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ApplyOutcome {
+    Applied,
+    Stale,
+    Shutdown,
+}
+
+impl PopupState {
+    /// Apply a host event while rejecting late messages from an old session or
+    /// duplicate/out-of-order sequence numbers.
+    pub fn apply(&mut self, message: HostToPopup) -> ApplyOutcome {
+        let session_id = message.session_id().to_owned();
+        let sequence = message.sequence();
+        if let Some(current) = self.session_id.as_deref() {
+            if current == session_id {
+                if sequence <= self.last_sequence {
+                    return ApplyOutcome::Stale;
+                }
+            } else {
+                let starts_session = matches!(
+                    message,
+                    HostToPopup::Preview { .. }
+                        | HostToPopup::QaSnapshot { .. }
+                        | HostToPopup::Capsule { .. }
+                );
+                if !starts_session || self.retired_sessions.contains(&session_id) {
+                    return ApplyOutcome::Stale;
+                }
+                self.retired_sessions.insert(current.to_owned());
+                self.last_sequence = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        if sequence <= self.last_sequence {
+            return ApplyOutcome::Stale;
+        }
+        self.session_id = Some(session_id);
+        self.last_sequence = sequence;
+        match message {
+            HostToPopup::Preview { text, source, .. } => {
+                self.preview = PreviewPopupState { text, source };
+                self.visible = true;
+            }
+            HostToPopup::QaSnapshot {
+                phase,
+                messages,
+                selection_preview,
+                streaming_answer,
+                error,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                self.qa = QaPopupState {
+                    phase,
+                    messages,
+                    selection_preview,
+                    streaming_answer,
+                    error,
+                };
+                self.visible = true;
+            }
+            HostToPopup::Capsule {
+                phase,
+                text,
+                audio_level,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                self.capsule = CapsulePopupState {
+                    phase,
+                    text,
+                    audio_level,
+                };
+                self.visible = true;
+            }
+            HostToPopup::Hide { .. } => self.visible = false,
+            HostToPopup::Shutdown { .. } => {
+                self.visible = false;
+                self.shutdown_requested = true;
+                return ApplyOutcome::Shutdown;
+            }
+        }
+        ApplyOutcome::Applied
+    }
+}
+
+/// Blocking popup-side protocol driver, intended to run on the popup's stdin
+/// reader thread. UI mutation must be forwarded by `on_message` to the popup
+/// frame through a channel.
+pub fn run_popup(
+    reader: &mut impl BufRead,
+    mut on_message: impl FnMut(HostToPopup),
+) -> Result<(), ProtocolError> {
+    loop {
+        match read_jsonl::<HostToPopup>(reader) {
+            Ok(message) => {
+                let shutdown = matches!(message, HostToPopup::Shutdown { .. });
+                on_message(message);
+                if shutdown {
+                    return Ok(());
+                }
+            }
+            Err(error) if error.kind == ProtocolErrorKind::Eof => return Ok(()),
+            Err(error) => return Err(error),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum PopupSupervisorEvent {
+    Message(PopupToHost),
+    ProtocolError(ProtocolError),
+    Exited { code: Option<i32>, crashed: bool },
+    SpawnFailed(String),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum PopupSendError {
+    Full,
+    Closed,
+}
+
+enum SupervisorCommand {
+    Send(HostToPopup),
+    Shutdown,
+}
+
+/// Non-blocking handle held by the main egui application.
+pub struct PopupSupervisor {
+    commands: tokio_mpsc::Sender<SupervisorCommand>,
+    events: Receiver<PopupSupervisorEvent>,
+}
+
+impl PopupSupervisor {
+    pub fn spawn(runtime: &Handle, executable: impl AsRef<Path>, kind: PopupKind) -> Self {
+        let mut command = Command::new(executable.as_ref());
+        command.arg("--openless-egui-popup").arg(kind.argument());
+        Self::spawn_command(runtime, command)
+    }
+
+    /// Low-level construction seam used by tests and alternative launchers.
+    pub fn spawn_command(runtime: &Handle, mut command: Command) -> Self {
+        let (command_tx, command_rx) = tokio_mpsc::channel(64);
+        let (event_tx, event_rx) = mpsc::sync_channel(256);
+        command
+            .stdin(Stdio::piped())
+            .stdout(Stdio::piped())
+            .stderr(Stdio::inherit())
+            .kill_on_drop(true);
+        runtime.spawn(supervise(command, command_rx, event_tx));
+        Self {
+            commands: command_tx,
+            events: event_rx,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Queue a message without ever waiting in an egui frame.
+    pub fn try_send(&self, message: HostToPopup) -> Result<(), PopupSendError> {
+        match self.commands.try_send(SupervisorCommand::Send(message)) {
+            Ok(()) => Ok(()),
+            Err(tokio_mpsc::error::TrySendError::Full(_)) => Err(PopupSendError::Full),
+            Err(tokio_mpsc::error::TrySendError::Closed(_)) => Err(PopupSendError::Closed),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Poll one child event without blocking the egui frame.
+    pub fn try_recv(&self) -> Result<PopupSupervisorEvent, mpsc::TryRecvError> {
+        self.events.try_recv()
+    }
+
+    pub fn request_shutdown(&self) -> Result<(), PopupSendError> {
+        match self.commands.try_send(SupervisorCommand::Shutdown) {
+            Ok(()) => Ok(()),
+            Err(tokio_mpsc::error::TrySendError::Full(_)) => Err(PopupSendError::Full),
+            Err(tokio_mpsc::error::TrySendError::Closed(_)) => Err(PopupSendError::Closed),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for PopupSupervisor {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let _ = self.commands.try_send(SupervisorCommand::Shutdown);
+    }
+}
+
+async fn supervise(
+    mut command: Command,
+    mut commands: tokio_mpsc::Receiver<SupervisorCommand>,
+    events: mpsc::SyncSender<PopupSupervisorEvent>,
+) {
+    let mut child = match command.spawn() {
+        Ok(child) => child,
+        Err(error) => {
+            let _ = events.try_send(PopupSupervisorEvent::SpawnFailed(error.to_string()));
+            return;
+        }
+    };
+    let Some(mut stdin) = child.stdin.take() else {
+        let _ = events.try_send(PopupSupervisorEvent::SpawnFailed(
+            "popup stdin pipe was not created".to_owned(),
+        ));
+        let _ = child.kill().await;
+        return;
+    };
+    let Some(stdout) = child.stdout.take() else {
+        let _ = events.try_send(PopupSupervisorEvent::SpawnFailed(
+            "popup stdout pipe was not created".to_owned(),
+        ));
+        let _ = child.kill().await;
+        return;
+    };
+
+    let (reader_tx, mut reader_rx) = tokio_mpsc::channel(64);
+    tokio::spawn(read_child_output(BufReader::new(stdout), reader_tx));
+
+    let mut reader_open = true;
+    let mut shutdown_requested = false;
+    loop {
+        tokio::select! {
+            status = child.wait() => {
+                match status {
+                    Ok(status) => {
+                        let code = status.code();
+                        let _ = events.try_send(PopupSupervisorEvent::Exited {
+                            code,
+                            crashed: !status.success() && !shutdown_requested,
+                        });
+                    }
+                    Err(error) => {
+                        let _ = events.try_send(PopupSupervisorEvent::ProtocolError(
+                            ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Io, error.to_string()),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+            output = reader_rx.recv(), if reader_open => {
+                match output {
+                    Some(event) => { let _ = events.try_send(event); }
+                    None => reader_open = false,
+                }
+            }
+            command = commands.recv() => {
+                match command {
+                    Some(SupervisorCommand::Send(message)) => {
+                        match serde_json::to_vec(&message) {
+                            Ok(encoded) if encoded.len() <= MAX_JSONL_LINE_BYTES => {
+                                if let Err(error) = stdin.write_all(&encoded).await {
+                                    let _ = events.try_send(PopupSupervisorEvent::ProtocolError(
+                                        ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Io, error.to_string()),
+                                    ));
+                                } else if let Err(error) = stdin.write_all(b"\n").await {
+                                    let _ = events.try_send(PopupSupervisorEvent::ProtocolError(
+                                        ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Io, error.to_string()),
+                                    ));
+                                } else if let Err(error) = stdin.flush().await {
+                                    let _ = events.try_send(PopupSupervisorEvent::ProtocolError(
+                                        ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Io, error.to_string()),
+                                    ));
+                                }
+                            }
+                            Ok(encoded) => {
+                                let _ = events.try_send(PopupSupervisorEvent::ProtocolError(
+                                    ProtocolError::new(
+                                        ProtocolErrorKind::Oversize,
+                                        format!("popup JSONL frame is {} bytes", encoded.len()),
+                                    ),
+                                ));
+                            }
+                            Err(error) => {
+                                let _ = events.try_send(PopupSupervisorEvent::ProtocolError(
+                                    ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Malformed, error.to_string()),
+                                ));
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Some(SupervisorCommand::Shutdown) | None => {
+                        shutdown_requested = true;
+                        let _ = child.start_kill();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+async fn read_child_output<R>(mut reader: R, events: tokio_mpsc::Sender<PopupSupervisorEvent>)
+where
+    R: AsyncBufRead + Unpin,
+{
+    loop {
+        match read_async_bounded_line(&mut reader).await {
+            Ok(bytes) => {
+                let event = match decode_jsonl::<PopupToHost>(&bytes) {
+                    Ok(message) => PopupSupervisorEvent::Message(message),
+                    Err(error) => PopupSupervisorEvent::ProtocolError(error),
+                };
+                if events.send(event).await.is_err() {
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            Err(error) if error.kind == ProtocolErrorKind::Eof => return,
+            Err(error) => {
+                if events
+                    .send(PopupSupervisorEvent::ProtocolError(error))
+                    .await
+                    .is_err()
+                {
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+async fn read_async_bounded_line<R>(reader: &mut R) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ProtocolError>
+where
+    R: AsyncBufRead + Unpin,
+{
+    let mut bytes = Vec::new();
+    loop {
+        let available = reader
+            .fill_buf()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|error| ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Io, error.to_string()))?;
+        if available.is_empty() {
+            return if bytes.is_empty() {
+                Err(ProtocolError::new(
+                    ProtocolErrorKind::Eof,
+                    "popup stream closed",
+                ))
+            } else {
+                Err(ProtocolError::new(
+                    ProtocolErrorKind::Truncated,
+                    "popup stream ended in the middle of a JSONL frame",
+                ))
+            };
+        }
+        let newline = available.iter().position(|byte| *byte == b'\n');
+        let content_len = bytes
+            .len()
+            .saturating_add(newline.unwrap_or(available.len()));
+        let take = newline.map_or(available.len(), |index| index + 1);
+        if content_len > MAX_JSONL_LINE_BYTES {
+            reader.consume(take);
+            if newline.is_none() {
+                discard_async_through_newline(reader).await?;
+            }
+            return Err(ProtocolError::new(
+                ProtocolErrorKind::Oversize,
+                "popup JSONL frame exceeds the 1 MiB limit",
+            ));
+        }
+        bytes.extend_from_slice(&available[..take]);
+        reader.consume(take);
+        if newline.is_some() {
+            bytes.pop();
+            if bytes.last() == Some(&b'\r') {
+                bytes.pop();
+            }
+            return Ok(bytes);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+async fn discard_async_through_newline<R>(reader: &mut R) -> Result<(), ProtocolError>
+where
+    R: AsyncBufRead + Unpin,
+{
+    loop {
+        let available = reader
+            .fill_buf()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|error| ProtocolError::new(ProtocolErrorKind::Io, error.to_string()))?;
+        if available.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        let newline = available.iter().position(|byte| *byte == b'\n');
+        let take = newline.map_or(available.len(), |index| index + 1);
+        reader.consume(take);
+        if newline.is_some() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use std::io::Cursor;
+    use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+    fn preview(text: String) -> HostToPopup {
+        HostToPopup::Preview {
+            version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+            session_id: "session-一".to_owned(),
+            sequence: 7,
+            text,
+            source: "原文 \\\\ source".to_owned(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn jsonl_round_trip_escapes_quotes_backslashes_and_unicode() {
+        let expected = preview("他说：\"你好\" C:\\\\tmp\\\\文件".to_owned());
+        let mut bytes = Vec::new();
+        write_jsonl(&mut bytes, &expected).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(bytes.last(), Some(&b'\n'));
+        let actual: HostToPopup = read_jsonl(&mut Cursor::new(bytes)).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn malformed_oversize_eof_and_truncation_are_classified() {
+        let malformed = read_jsonl::<HostToPopup>(&mut Cursor::new(b"not json\n"));
+        assert_eq!(malformed.unwrap_err().kind, ProtocolErrorKind::Malformed);
+
+        let oversized = vec![b'x'; MAX_JSONL_LINE_BYTES + 2];
+        let oversized = read_jsonl::<HostToPopup>(&mut Cursor::new(oversized));
+        assert_eq!(oversized.unwrap_err().kind, ProtocolErrorKind::Oversize);
+
+        let eof = read_jsonl::<HostToPopup>(&mut Cursor::new(Vec::<u8>::new()));
+        assert_eq!(eof.unwrap_err().kind, ProtocolErrorKind::Eof);
+
+        let truncated = read_jsonl::<HostToPopup>(&mut Cursor::new(b"{\"type\":"));
+        assert_eq!(truncated.unwrap_err().kind, ProtocolErrorKind::Truncated);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn popup_state_rejects_late_and_cross_session_messages() {
+        let mut state = PopupState::default();
+        assert_eq!(state.apply(preview("new".into())), ApplyOutcome::Applied);
+        let mut late = preview("late".into());
+        if let HostToPopup::Preview { sequence, .. } = &mut late {
+            *sequence = 6;
+        }
+        assert_eq!(state.apply(late), ApplyOutcome::Stale);
+        let other = HostToPopup::Hide {
+            version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+            session_id: "other".into(),
+            sequence: 8,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(state.apply(other), ApplyOutcome::Stale);
+        assert_eq!(state.preview.text, "new");
+
+        let mut next_session = preview("next".into());
+        if let HostToPopup::Preview {
+            session_id,
+            sequence,
+            ..
+        } = &mut next_session
+        {
+            *session_id = "session-二".into();
+            *sequence = 1;
+        }
+        assert_eq!(state.apply(next_session), ApplyOutcome::Applied);
+        let mut retired = preview("retired".into());
+        if let HostToPopup::Preview { sequence, .. } = &mut retired {
+            *sequence = 99;
+        }
+        assert_eq!(state.apply(retired), ApplyOutcome::Stale);
+        assert_eq!(state.preview.text, "next");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn popup_action_guard_rejects_replay_cross_session_and_cross_kind() {
+        let mut guard = PopupActionGuard::default();
+        let submit = PopupToHost::SubmitQa {
+            version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+            session_id: "qa-session".into(),
+            sequence: 2,
+            text: "question".into(),
+        };
+        assert!(guard.accept(PopupKind::Qa, &submit, "qa-session"));
+        assert!(!guard.accept(PopupKind::Qa, &submit, "qa-session"));
+
+        let stale = PopupToHost::DismissQa {
+            version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+            session_id: "qa-session".into(),
+            sequence: 1,
+        };
+        assert!(!guard.accept(PopupKind::Qa, &stale, "qa-session"));
+        assert!(!guard.accept(PopupKind::Preview, &submit, "qa-session"));
+        assert!(!guard.accept(PopupKind::Qa, &submit, "new-session"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn popup_action_guard_reset_starts_a_new_child_sequence_domain() {
+        let mut guard = PopupActionGuard::default();
+        let ready = PopupToHost::Ready {
+            version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+            session_id: "session".into(),
+            sequence: 1,
+            kind: PopupKind::Preview,
+        };
+        assert!(guard.accept(PopupKind::Preview, &ready, "session"));
+        assert!(!guard.accept(PopupKind::Preview, &ready, "session"));
+        guard.reset(PopupKind::Preview);
+        assert!(guard.accept(PopupKind::Preview, &ready, "session"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn popup_messages_are_bound_to_their_process_kind() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            preview("text".into()).content_kind(),
+            Some(PopupKind::Preview)
+        );
+        let hide = HostToPopup::Hide {
+            version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+            session_id: "session".into(),
+            sequence: 8,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(hide.content_kind(), None);
+
+        let wrong_version = PopupToHost::DismissCapsule {
+            version: POPUP_PROTOCOL_VERSION + 1,
+            session_id: "session".into(),
+            sequence: 1,
+        };
+        let mut guard = PopupActionGuard::default();
+        assert!(!guard.accept(PopupKind::Capsule, &wrong_version, "session"));
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn supervisor_reaps_a_crashed_child() {
+        let mut command = Command::new("/bin/sh");
+        command.arg("-c").arg("exit 17");
+        let supervisor = PopupSupervisor::spawn_command(&Handle::current(), command);
+        let deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(5);
+        loop {
+            match supervisor.try_recv() {
+                Ok(PopupSupervisorEvent::Exited { code, crashed }) => {
+                    assert_eq!(code, Some(17));
+                    assert!(crashed);
+                    break;
+                }
+                Ok(_) | Err(mpsc::TryRecvError::Empty) if Instant::now() < deadline => {
+                    tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
+                }
+                result => panic!("did not observe crashed child: {result:?}"),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/recordings.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/recordings.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f4c90f8fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/recordings.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+use std::fmt;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+pub const MAX_RECORDING_BYTES: u64 = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum RecordingError {
+    InvalidSession,
+    NotFound,
+    TooLarge,
+    InvalidWav,
+    Io(std::io::Error),
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for RecordingError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::InvalidSession => f.write_str("invalid recording session id"),
+            Self::NotFound => f.write_str("recording not found"),
+            Self::TooLarge => f.write_str("recording exceeds the size limit"),
+            Self::InvalidWav => f.write_str("recording is not canonical PCM WAV"),
+            Self::Io(error) => write!(f, "recording I/O failed: {error}"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for RecordingError {}
+
+pub fn recording_path(data_dir: &Path, session_id: &str) -> Result<PathBuf, RecordingError> {
+    let parsed = uuid::Uuid::parse_str(session_id).map_err(|_| RecordingError::InvalidSession)?;
+    if parsed.to_string() != session_id {
+        return Err(RecordingError::InvalidSession);
+    }
+    Ok(data_dir
+        .join("recordings")
+        .join(format!("{session_id}.wav")))
+}
+
+pub fn read_recording_wav(data_dir: &Path, session_id: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, RecordingError> {
+    let path = recording_path(data_dir, session_id)?;
+    let metadata = std::fs::symlink_metadata(&path).map_err(|error| {
+        if error.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound {
+            RecordingError::NotFound
+        } else {
+            RecordingError::Io(error)
+        }
+    })?;
+    if metadata.file_type().is_symlink() || !metadata.is_file() {
+        return Err(RecordingError::InvalidWav);
+    }
+    if metadata.len() > MAX_RECORDING_BYTES {
+        return Err(RecordingError::TooLarge);
+    }
+    let wav = std::fs::read(path).map_err(RecordingError::Io)?;
+    recording_pcm(&wav)?;
+    Ok(wav)
+}
+
+pub fn recording_pcm(wav: &[u8]) -> Result<&[u8], RecordingError> {
+    if wav.len() <= 44
+        || &wav[..4] != b"RIFF"
+        || &wav[8..12] != b"WAVE"
+        || &wav[12..16] != b"fmt "
+        || u16::from_le_bytes([wav[20], wav[21]]) != 1
+        || u16::from_le_bytes([wav[22], wav[23]]) != 1
+        || u32::from_le_bytes([wav[24], wav[25], wav[26], wav[27]]) != 16_000
+        || u16::from_le_bytes([wav[34], wav[35]]) != 16
+        || &wav[36..40] != b"data"
+        || !(wav.len() - 44).is_multiple_of(2)
+    {
+        return Err(RecordingError::InvalidWav);
+    }
+    let declared = u32::from_le_bytes([wav[40], wav[41], wav[42], wav[43]]) as usize;
+    if declared != wav.len() - 44 {
+        return Err(RecordingError::InvalidWav);
+    }
+    Ok(&wav[44..])
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn session_path_rejects_traversal_and_wav_contract_is_strict() {
+        assert!(recording_path(Path::new("/tmp/openless"), "../escape").is_err());
+        let id = uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string();
+        assert!(recording_path(Path::new("/tmp/openless"), &id)
+            .unwrap()
+            .ends_with(format!("{id}.wav")));
+        let mut wav = crate::audio::wav_header(2).to_vec();
+        wav.extend_from_slice(&[1, 0]);
+        assert_eq!(recording_pcm(&wav).unwrap(), [1, 0]);
+        wav[24] = 0;
+        assert!(recording_pcm(&wav).is_err());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/remote_input.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/remote_input.rs
index 8dced6273..8b980a234 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/remote_input.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/remote_input.rs
@@ -209,13 +209,12 @@ use tokio_rustls::TlsAcceptor;
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
 mod assets {
-    pub const INDEX_HTML: &str =
-        include_str!("../../src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/index.html");
-    pub const APP_JS: &str = include_str!("../../src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/app.js");
-    pub const STYLE_CSS: &str = include_str!("../../src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/style.css");
-    pub const ICON_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/icon.png");
-    pub const MIC_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/mic.png");
-    pub const DONE_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/done.png");
+    pub const INDEX_HTML: &str = include_str!("../../assets/remote-input/index.html");
+    pub const APP_JS: &str = include_str!("../../assets/remote-input/app.js");
+    pub const STYLE_CSS: &str = include_str!("../../assets/remote-input/style.css");
+    pub const ICON_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../assets/remote-input/icon.png");
+    pub const MIC_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../assets/remote-input/mic.png");
+    pub const DONE_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../assets/remote-input/done.png");
 }
 
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/resources.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/resources.rs
index 7cb9c4bb1..ca14606af 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/resources.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/resources.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use openless_core::{BackendError, BackendErrorCode, DirectoryResourceResolver, R
 
 pub const FCITX_PLUGIN_LIBRARY: &str = "linux-fcitx5-plugin/libopenless.so";
 pub const FCITX_PLUGIN_CONFIG: &str = "linux-fcitx5-plugin/openless.conf";
-pub(crate) const QWEN_ASR_RUNTIME: &str = "qwen-asr/qwen_asr";
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum LinuxPackageKind {
@@ -89,29 +88,6 @@ impl ResourceResolver for LinuxResourceResolver {
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn qwen_runtime_path(
-    layout: &LinuxResourceLayout,
-    explicit: Option<PathBuf>,
-) -> Result<PathBuf, BackendError> {
-    if let Some(path) = explicit {
-        if !path.is_absolute() {
-            return Err(BackendError::new(
-                BackendErrorCode::InvalidArgument,
-                "OPENLESS_QWEN_ASR_BIN must be an absolute path",
-            ));
-        }
-        return Ok(path);
-    }
-    layout.resolver()?.resolve(Path::new(QWEN_ASR_RUNTIME))
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn detect_qwen_runtime_path() -> Result<PathBuf, BackendError> {
-    qwen_runtime_path(
-        &LinuxResourceLayout::detect(None)?,
-        std::env::var_os("OPENLESS_QWEN_ASR_BIN").map(PathBuf::from),
-    )
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
@@ -142,28 +118,4 @@ mod tests {
             .resource_root
             .ends_with("bin/../lib/openless/resources"));
     }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn qwen_runtime_uses_the_packaged_resource_or_an_absolute_dev_override() {
-        let layout = LinuxResourceLayout {
-            package_kind: LinuxPackageKind::SystemPackage,
-            resource_root: PathBuf::from("/usr/lib/openless/resources"),
-        };
-
-        assert_eq!(
-            qwen_runtime_path(&layout, None).unwrap(),
-            PathBuf::from("/usr/lib/openless/resources/qwen-asr/qwen_asr")
-        );
-        let override_path = std::env::temp_dir().join("qwen_asr");
-        assert_eq!(
-            qwen_runtime_path(&layout, Some(override_path.clone())).unwrap(),
-            override_path
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            qwen_runtime_path(&layout, Some(PathBuf::from("qwen_asr")))
-                .unwrap_err()
-                .code,
-            BackendErrorCode::InvalidArgument
-        );
-    }
 }
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/selection.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/selection.rs
index a564bd205..f7deb043f 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/selection.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/selection.rs
@@ -117,6 +117,17 @@ impl SelectionRuntimeAdapter for LinuxSelectionRuntime {
                     source_text: text.clone(),
                     replacement_text: None,
                 });
+                // Honest `source_app`: fcitx5 exposes the surrounding text via
+                // DBus but gives the host no reliable foreground-application
+                // identity that holds across both X11 and Wayland clients, and
+                // the PRIMARY/clipboard cannot prove the original control is
+                // still the current focus. There is no IBus/global-hotkey
+                // fallback by design (Linux supports fcitx5 only), so we report
+                // the app as unknown instead of faking an identity. Post-insertion
+                // edit observation for streamed dictation is likewise unsupported
+                // on Linux: Core's Noop HostContextAdapter/EditObservationAdapter
+                // (the factory does not inject real ones) keep those use-cases on
+                // the explicit `Unsupported` path rather than simulating edits.
                 Ok(SelectionCapture {
                     text,
                     source_app: None,
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/settings.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/settings.rs
index 8081afd00..5f7362eef 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/settings.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/settings.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,13 @@ pub trait LinuxSettingsEffects: Send + Sync {
     fn apply_hotkeys(&self, target: &HotkeyRuntimeTarget) -> Result<(), BackendError>;
 
     fn set_active_asr_provider(&self, provider_id: &str) -> Result<(), BackendError>;
+
+    fn set_launch_at_login(&self, _enabled: bool) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
+        Err(BackendError::new(
+            BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
+            "launch-at-login is unavailable",
+        ))
+    }
 }
 
 /// Linux implementation of the shared settings transaction runtime.
@@ -29,6 +36,7 @@ impl LinuxSettingsRuntime {
     pub fn new(credentials: LinuxCredentialStore) -> Self {
         Self::with_effects(Arc::new(Fcitx5SettingsEffects {
             credentials: Some(credentials),
+            autostart: production_autostart(),
         }))
     }
 
@@ -38,46 +46,15 @@ impl LinuxSettingsRuntime {
     /// also injecting a matching `SettingsRuntime`. Active-provider changes then
     /// fail explicitly with `Unsupported` instead of silently diverging.
     pub fn hotkeys_only() -> Self {
-        Self::with_effects(Arc::new(Fcitx5SettingsEffects { credentials: None }))
+        Self::with_effects(Arc::new(Fcitx5SettingsEffects {
+            credentials: None,
+            autostart: production_autostart(),
+        }))
     }
 
     pub fn with_effects(effects: Arc<dyn LinuxSettingsEffects>) -> Self {
         Self { effects }
     }
-
-    fn reject_unsupported_hotkey_changes(plan: &SettingsEffectPlan) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
-        let Some(change) = &plan.hotkeys else {
-            return Ok(());
-        };
-        let previous = &change.previous;
-        let next = &change.next;
-        let unsupported = [
-            (
-                previous.switch_style != next.switch_style,
-                "switch-style hotkey",
-            ),
-            (previous.open_app != next.open_app, "open-app hotkey"),
-            (
-                previous.style_packs != next.style_packs,
-                "style-pack hotkeys",
-            ),
-        ];
-        let names = unsupported
-            .into_iter()
-            .filter_map(|(changed, name)| changed.then_some(name))
-            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-        if names.is_empty() {
-            Ok(())
-        } else {
-            Err(BackendError::new(
-                BackendErrorCode::Unsupported,
-                format!(
-                    "Linux fcitx5 settings adapter does not support changing {}",
-                    names.join(", ")
-                ),
-            ))
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 impl SettingsRuntime for LinuxSettingsRuntime {
@@ -95,6 +72,12 @@ impl SettingsRuntime for LinuxSettingsRuntime {
         }
 
         let mut receipt = SettingsEffectReceipt::default();
+        if let Some(change) = &plan.launch_at_login {
+            if let Err(error) = self.effects.set_launch_at_login(change.next) {
+                return Err(SettingsEffectFailure::after_side_effect(error, receipt));
+            }
+            receipt.applied.push(SettingsEffectKind::LaunchAtLogin);
+        }
         if let Some(change) = &plan.active_asr_provider {
             if let Err(error) = self.effects.set_active_asr_provider(&change.next) {
                 return Err(SettingsEffectFailure::after_side_effect(error, receipt));
@@ -109,8 +92,6 @@ impl SettingsRuntime for LinuxSettingsRuntime {
         plan: &SettingsEffectPlan,
         receipt: &mut SettingsEffectReceipt,
     ) -> Result<(), SettingsEffectFailure> {
-        Self::reject_unsupported_hotkey_changes(plan)
-            .map_err(SettingsEffectFailure::before_side_effect)?;
         let Some(change) = &plan.hotkeys else {
             return Ok(());
         };
@@ -130,6 +111,11 @@ impl SettingsRuntime for LinuxSettingsRuntime {
         let mut failures = Vec::new();
         for effect in receipt.applied.iter().rev() {
             let result = match effect {
+                SettingsEffectKind::LaunchAtLogin => plan
+                    .launch_at_login
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|change| self.effects.set_launch_at_login(change.previous))
+                    .unwrap_or(Ok(())),
                 SettingsEffectKind::Hotkeys => plan
                     .hotkeys
                     .as_ref()
@@ -162,6 +148,16 @@ impl SettingsRuntime for LinuxSettingsRuntime {
 
 struct Fcitx5SettingsEffects {
     credentials: Option<LinuxCredentialStore>,
+    autostart: Result<crate::AutostartManager, String>,
+}
+
+fn production_autostart() -> Result<crate::AutostartManager, String> {
+    std::env::current_exe()
+        .map_err(|error| format!("resolve current executable for autostart: {error}"))
+        .and_then(|executable| {
+            crate::AutostartManager::detect(executable)
+                .map_err(|error| format!("initialize XDG autostart manager: {error}"))
+        })
 }
 
 impl LinuxSettingsEffects for Fcitx5SettingsEffects {
@@ -173,6 +169,23 @@ impl LinuxSettingsEffects for Fcitx5SettingsEffects {
             target.selection_polish.as_ref(),
         )?;
         apply_action_hotkey("SetTranslationHotkeyRaw", Some(&target.translation))?;
+        tolerate_optional_fcitx_method(apply_action_hotkey(
+            "SetSwitchStyleHotkeyRaw",
+            target.switch_style.as_ref(),
+        ))?;
+        tolerate_optional_fcitx_method(apply_action_hotkey(
+            "SetOpenAppHotkeyRaw",
+            target.open_app.as_ref(),
+        ))?;
+        let style_pack_hotkeys = target
+            .style_packs
+            .iter()
+            .map(|hotkey| {
+                shortcut_to_raw(&hotkey.binding)
+                    .map(|(symbol, states)| (hotkey.pack_id.clone(), symbol, states))
+            })
+            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+        tolerate_optional_fcitx_method(crate::fcitx5::set_style_pack_hotkeys(style_pack_hotkeys))?;
         let (symbol, states) = target
             .coding_agent_voice
             .as_ref()
@@ -182,7 +195,7 @@ impl LinuxSettingsEffects for Fcitx5SettingsEffects {
             .map(shortcut_to_raw)
             .transpose()?
             .unwrap_or((0, 0));
-        crate::fcitx5::set_less_computer_hotkey_raw(symbol, states)
+        tolerate_optional_fcitx_method(crate::fcitx5::set_less_computer_hotkey_raw(symbol, states))
     }
 
     fn set_active_asr_provider(&self, provider_id: &str) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
@@ -194,6 +207,35 @@ impl LinuxSettingsEffects for Fcitx5SettingsEffects {
         };
         credentials.set_active_provider_immediate(ProviderSlot::Asr, provider_id)
     }
+
+    fn set_launch_at_login(&self, enabled: bool) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
+        let manager = self
+            .autostart
+            .as_ref()
+            .map_err(|message| BackendError::new(BackendErrorCode::Platform, message.clone()))?;
+        manager.set_enabled(enabled).map_err(|error| {
+            BackendError::new(
+                BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                format!("update XDG launch-at-login entry: {error}"),
+            )
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+fn tolerate_optional_fcitx_method(result: Result<(), BackendError>) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
+    match result {
+        Err(error)
+            if error.message.contains("Unknown method")
+                || error.message.contains("UnknownMethod") =>
+        {
+            log::warn!(
+                "[fcitx] running addon lacks an optional extended hotkey method; continuing with the legacy interface: {}",
+                error.message
+            );
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        result => result,
+    }
 }
 
 fn apply_dictation_hotkey(binding: &ShortcutBinding) -> Result<(), BackendError> {
@@ -239,7 +281,7 @@ fn normalize_fcitx_primary(primary: &str) -> String {
     }
 }
 
-fn shortcut_to_raw(binding: &ShortcutBinding) -> Result<(u32, u32), BackendError> {
+pub(crate) fn shortcut_to_raw(binding: &ShortcutBinding) -> Result<(u32, u32), BackendError> {
     if let Some(trigger) = legacy_modifier_trigger(binding) {
         return Ok((modifier_trigger_keysym(trigger)?, 0));
     }
@@ -381,4 +423,27 @@ mod tests {
         };
         assert_eq!(shortcut_to_raw(&shortcut).unwrap(), (b'/' as u32, 5));
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn legacy_addon_may_omit_optional_extended_hotkey_methods() {
+        for message in [
+            "Unknown method SetSwitchStyleHotkeyRaw",
+            "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.UnknownMethod",
+        ] {
+            assert!(tolerate_optional_fcitx_method(Err(BackendError::new(
+                BackendErrorCode::Platform,
+                message,
+            )))
+            .is_ok());
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn optional_hotkey_compatibility_does_not_hide_other_failures() {
+        let error = BackendError::new(BackendErrorCode::Platform, "session bus unavailable");
+        assert_eq!(
+            tolerate_optional_fcitx_method(Err(error.clone())).unwrap_err(),
+            error
+        );
+    }
 }
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/tray.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/tray.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..40ec96f8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/tray.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,579 @@
+//! Freedesktop StatusNotifierItem tray integration without GTK or Tauri.
+//!
+//! The D-Bus worker owns no Core state. It emits typed commands that the egui
+//! thread drains, and accepts menu snapshots for microphone checkmarks. A tray
+//! is considered available only after the session bus name is owned and the
+//! desktop watcher has acknowledged registration.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+use std::sync::{mpsc, Arc, Mutex};
+use std::thread::JoinHandle;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use crate::{tr_l10n, Lang};
+
+const ITEM_PATH: &str = "/StatusNotifierItem";
+const MENU_PATH: &str = "/MenuBar";
+const ITEM_INTERFACE: &str = "org.kde.StatusNotifierItem";
+const MENU_INTERFACE: &str = "com.canonical.dbusmenu";
+const WATCHER_NAME: &str = "org.kde.StatusNotifierWatcher";
+const WATCHER_PATH: &str = "/StatusNotifierWatcher";
+const WATCHER_INTERFACE: &str = "org.kde.StatusNotifierWatcher";
+const DBUS_PROPERTIES: &str = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties";
+const DBUS_INTROSPECTABLE: &str = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable";
+const PROCESS_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_millis(100);
+const REGISTRATION_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(3);
+
+const SHOW_ID: i32 = 1;
+const PREVIOUS_STYLE_ID: i32 = 2;
+const MICROPHONES_ID: i32 = 3;
+const SEPARATOR_ID: i32 = 4;
+const QUIT_ID: i32 = 5;
+const FIRST_MICROPHONE_ID: i32 = 100;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum TrayCommand {
+    ShowMain,
+    ActivatePreviousStyle,
+    SelectMicrophone(String),
+    Quit,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct TrayMicrophone {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub is_default: bool,
+    pub selected: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum TrayError {
+    Dbus(String),
+    Worker(String),
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for TrayError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::Dbus(message) => write!(f, "tray D-Bus initialization failed: {message}"),
+            Self::Worker(message) => write!(f, "tray worker failed: {message}"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for TrayError {}
+
+enum TrayControl {
+    SetMicrophones(Vec<TrayMicrophone>),
+    SetLang(Lang),
+    Shutdown,
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct TrayMenuState {
+    revision: u32,
+    microphones: Vec<TrayMicrophone>,
+    lang: Option<Lang>,
+}
+
+impl TrayMenuState {
+    fn command_for_id(&self, id: i32) -> Option<TrayCommand> {
+        match id {
+            SHOW_ID => Some(TrayCommand::ShowMain),
+            PREVIOUS_STYLE_ID => Some(TrayCommand::ActivatePreviousStyle),
+            QUIT_ID => Some(TrayCommand::Quit),
+            FIRST_MICROPHONE_ID => Some(TrayCommand::SelectMicrophone(String::new())),
+            id if id > FIRST_MICROPHONE_ID => self
+                .microphones
+                .get((id - FIRST_MICROPHONE_ID - 1) as usize)
+                .map(|device| TrayCommand::SelectMicrophone(device.name.clone())),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct LinuxTray {
+    commands: mpsc::Receiver<TrayCommand>,
+    control: mpsc::Sender<TrayControl>,
+    last_error: Arc<Mutex<Option<String>>>,
+    shutdown: Arc<AtomicBool>,
+    worker: Option<JoinHandle<()>>,
+}
+
+impl LinuxTray {
+    /// Start and register a StatusNotifierItem. `Ok` means the desktop watcher
+    /// accepted it; callers may then truthfully expose `supports_tray=true`.
+    pub fn start() -> Result<Self, TrayError> {
+        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+        {
+            let (command_tx, command_rx) = mpsc::channel();
+            let (control_tx, control_rx) = mpsc::channel();
+            let (ready_tx, ready_rx) = mpsc::sync_channel(1);
+            let last_error = Arc::new(Mutex::new(None));
+            let shutdown = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+            let worker_error = Arc::clone(&last_error);
+            let worker_shutdown = Arc::clone(&shutdown);
+            let worker = std::thread::Builder::new()
+                .name("openless-tray".into())
+                .spawn(move || {
+                    let result = run_dbus_worker(command_tx, control_rx, worker_shutdown, ready_tx);
+                    if let Err(error) = result {
+                        *worker_error.lock().expect("tray error lock poisoned") =
+                            Some(error.to_string());
+                    }
+                })
+                .map_err(|error| TrayError::Worker(error.to_string()))?;
+
+            match ready_rx.recv_timeout(REGISTRATION_TIMEOUT) {
+                Ok(Ok(())) => Ok(Self {
+                    commands: command_rx,
+                    control: control_tx,
+                    last_error,
+                    shutdown,
+                    worker: Some(worker),
+                }),
+                Ok(Err(error)) => {
+                    shutdown.store(true, Ordering::Release);
+                    let _ = worker.join();
+                    Err(error)
+                }
+                Err(error) => {
+                    shutdown.store(true, Ordering::Release);
+                    let _ = worker.join();
+                    Err(TrayError::Worker(format!(
+                        "timed out waiting for tray registration: {error}"
+                    )))
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+        {
+            Err(TrayError::Worker(
+                "StatusNotifierItem is available only on Linux".into(),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn drain(&self, mut apply: impl FnMut(TrayCommand)) -> usize {
+        let mut count = 0;
+        while let Ok(command) = self.commands.try_recv() {
+            count += 1;
+            apply(command);
+        }
+        count
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_microphones(&self, microphones: Vec<TrayMicrophone>) -> Result<(), TrayError> {
+        self.control
+            .send(TrayControl::SetMicrophones(microphones))
+            .map_err(|_| TrayError::Worker("tray worker has stopped".into()))
+    }
+
+    /// Set the UI language used for the tray menu labels. Callers should keep
+    /// this in sync with the persisted Linux-UI locale preference whenever it
+    /// changes so a system tray re-layout reads the right language.
+    pub fn set_lang(&self, lang: Lang) -> Result<(), TrayError> {
+        self.control
+            .send(TrayControl::SetLang(lang))
+            .map_err(|_| TrayError::Worker("tray worker has stopped".into()))
+    }
+
+    pub fn take_error(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.last_error
+            .lock()
+            .expect("tray error lock poisoned")
+            .take()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for LinuxTray {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        self.shutdown.store(true, Ordering::Release);
+        let _ = self.control.send(TrayControl::Shutdown);
+        if let Some(worker) = self.worker.take() {
+            let _ = worker.join();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn run_dbus_worker(
+    command_tx: mpsc::Sender<TrayCommand>,
+    control_rx: mpsc::Receiver<TrayControl>,
+    shutdown: Arc<AtomicBool>,
+    ready: mpsc::SyncSender<Result<(), TrayError>>,
+) -> Result<(), TrayError> {
+    use dbus::blocking::stdintf::org_freedesktop_dbus::RequestNameReply;
+    use dbus::blocking::Connection;
+    use dbus::channel::{MatchingReceiver, Sender};
+    use dbus::message::MatchRule;
+
+    let connection = Connection::new_session().map_err(dbus_error)?;
+    let service_name = format!("org.kde.StatusNotifierItem-{}-1", std::process::id());
+    let ownership = connection
+        .request_name(&service_name, false, true, true)
+        .map_err(dbus_error)?;
+    if ownership != RequestNameReply::PrimaryOwner {
+        let error = TrayError::Dbus(format!("D-Bus name {service_name} is already owned"));
+        let _ = ready.send(Err(TrayError::Dbus(error.to_string())));
+        return Err(error);
+    }
+
+    let menu = Arc::new(Mutex::new(TrayMenuState::default()));
+    let callback_menu = Arc::clone(&menu);
+    let callback_commands = command_tx;
+    connection.start_receive(
+        MatchRule::new_method_call(),
+        Box::new(move |message, connection| {
+            if let Some(reply) = handle_method_call(&message, &callback_menu, &callback_commands) {
+                let _ = connection.send(reply);
+            }
+            true
+        }),
+    );
+
+    let watcher = connection.with_proxy(WATCHER_NAME, WATCHER_PATH, REGISTRATION_TIMEOUT);
+    let registration: Result<(), dbus::Error> = watcher.method_call(
+        WATCHER_INTERFACE,
+        "RegisterStatusNotifierItem",
+        (service_name.as_str(),),
+    );
+    if let Err(error) = registration {
+        let error = TrayError::Dbus(format!(
+            "StatusNotifierWatcher rejected registration: {error}"
+        ));
+        let _ = ready.send(Err(TrayError::Dbus(error.to_string())));
+        return Err(error);
+    }
+    let _ = ready.send(Ok(()));
+
+    while !shutdown.load(Ordering::Acquire) {
+        while let Ok(control) = control_rx.try_recv() {
+            match control {
+                TrayControl::SetMicrophones(microphones) => {
+                    let revision = {
+                        let mut state = menu.lock().expect("tray menu lock poisoned");
+                        state.microphones = microphones;
+                        state.revision = state.revision.wrapping_add(1).max(1);
+                        state.revision
+                    };
+                    let signal =
+                        dbus::Message::new_signal(MENU_PATH, MENU_INTERFACE, "LayoutUpdated")
+                            .map_err(TrayError::Dbus)?
+                            .append2(revision, 0i32);
+                    connection.send(signal).map_err(|_| {
+                        TrayError::Dbus("failed to publish tray menu update".into())
+                    })?;
+                }
+                TrayControl::SetLang(lang) => {
+                    let revision = {
+                        let mut state = menu.lock().expect("tray menu lock poisoned");
+                        state.lang = Some(lang);
+                        state.revision = state.revision.wrapping_add(1).max(1);
+                        state.revision
+                    };
+                    let signal =
+                        dbus::Message::new_signal(MENU_PATH, MENU_INTERFACE, "LayoutUpdated")
+                            .map_err(TrayError::Dbus)?
+                            .append2(revision, 0i32);
+                    connection.send(signal).map_err(|_| {
+                        TrayError::Dbus("failed to publish tray menu update".into())
+                    })?;
+                }
+                TrayControl::Shutdown => return Ok(()),
+            }
+        }
+        connection.process(PROCESS_INTERVAL).map_err(dbus_error)?;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn dbus_error(error: dbus::Error) -> TrayError {
+    TrayError::Dbus(error.to_string())
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+type Properties = HashMap<String, dbus::arg::Variant<Box<dyn dbus::arg::RefArg>>>;
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+type Children = Vec<dbus::arg::Variant<Box<dyn dbus::arg::RefArg>>>;
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn property<T: dbus::arg::RefArg + 'static>(
+    value: T,
+) -> dbus::arg::Variant<Box<dyn dbus::arg::RefArg>> {
+    dbus::arg::Variant(Box::new(value))
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn menu_properties(label: &str) -> Properties {
+    HashMap::from([
+        ("label".into(), property(label.to_string())),
+        ("enabled".into(), property(true)),
+        ("visible".into(), property(true)),
+    ])
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn menu_item(
+    id: i32,
+    properties: Properties,
+    children: Children,
+) -> dbus::arg::Variant<Box<dyn dbus::arg::RefArg>> {
+    property((id, properties, children))
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn menu_layout(state: &TrayMenuState) -> (i32, Properties, Children) {
+    let lang = state.lang.unwrap_or(Lang::ZhCn);
+    let mut microphone_children = Vec::new();
+    let default_selected = state.microphones.iter().all(|device| !device.selected);
+    let mut default_props = menu_properties(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.system_default"));
+    default_props.insert("toggle-type".into(), property("checkmark".to_string()));
+    default_props.insert("toggle-state".into(), property(i32::from(default_selected)));
+    microphone_children.push(menu_item(FIRST_MICROPHONE_ID, default_props, Vec::new()));
+    for (index, device) in state.microphones.iter().enumerate() {
+        let mut props = menu_properties(&device.name);
+        props.insert("toggle-type".into(), property("checkmark".to_string()));
+        props.insert("toggle-state".into(), property(i32::from(device.selected)));
+        if device.is_default {
+            props.insert("x-openless-default".into(), property(true));
+        }
+        microphone_children.push(menu_item(
+            FIRST_MICROPHONE_ID + index as i32 + 1,
+            props,
+            Vec::new(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let mut microphone_props = menu_properties(tr_l10n(lang, "settings.microphone"));
+    microphone_props.insert("children-display".into(), property("submenu".to_string()));
+    let separator = HashMap::from([("type".into(), property("separator".to_string()))]);
+    (
+        0,
+        HashMap::new(),
+        vec![
+            menu_item(
+                SHOW_ID,
+                menu_properties(tr_l10n(lang, "tray.show")),
+                Vec::new(),
+            ),
+            menu_item(
+                PREVIOUS_STYLE_ID,
+                menu_properties(tr_l10n(lang, "tray.previous_style")),
+                Vec::new(),
+            ),
+            menu_item(MICROPHONES_ID, microphone_props, microphone_children),
+            menu_item(SEPARATOR_ID, separator, Vec::new()),
+            menu_item(
+                QUIT_ID,
+                menu_properties(tr_l10n(lang, "tray.quit")),
+                Vec::new(),
+            ),
+        ],
+    )
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn handle_method_call(
+    message: &dbus::Message,
+    menu: &Arc<Mutex<TrayMenuState>>,
+    commands: &mpsc::Sender<TrayCommand>,
+) -> Option<dbus::Message> {
+    use dbus::arg::Variant;
+
+    let path = message.path()?.to_string();
+    let interface = message.interface()?.to_string();
+    let member = message.member()?.to_string();
+
+    if interface == DBUS_INTROSPECTABLE && member == "Introspect" {
+        return Some(message.method_return().append1(INTROSPECTION_XML));
+    }
+    if path == ITEM_PATH && interface == ITEM_INTERFACE {
+        if member == "Activate" || member == "SecondaryActivate" {
+            let _ = commands.send(TrayCommand::ShowMain);
+        }
+        return Some(message.method_return());
+    }
+    if path == MENU_PATH && interface == MENU_INTERFACE {
+        match member.as_str() {
+            "GetLayout" => {
+                let state = menu.lock().expect("tray menu lock poisoned");
+                return Some(
+                    message
+                        .method_return()
+                        .append2(state.revision, menu_layout(&state)),
+                );
+            }
+            "GetGroupProperties" => {
+                let entries: Vec<(i32, Properties)> = Vec::new();
+                return Some(message.method_return().append1(entries));
+            }
+            "Event" => {
+                if let Ok((id, event, _data, _timestamp)) =
+                    message.read4::<i32, String, Variant<Box<dyn dbus::arg::RefArg>>, u32>()
+                {
+                    if event == "clicked" {
+                        if let Some(command) = menu
+                            .lock()
+                            .expect("tray menu lock poisoned")
+                            .command_for_id(id)
+                        {
+                            let _ = commands.send(command);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                return Some(message.method_return());
+            }
+            "AboutToShow" => return Some(message.method_return().append1(false)),
+            _ => return Some(message.method_return()),
+        }
+    }
+    if interface == DBUS_PROPERTIES && member == "Get" {
+        if let Ok((requested_interface, name)) = message.read2::<String, String>() {
+            let value = item_property(&requested_interface, &name)
+                .or_else(|| menu_property(&requested_interface, &name));
+            if let Some(value) = value {
+                return Some(message.method_return().append1(value));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if interface == DBUS_PROPERTIES && member == "GetAll" {
+        let requested_interface = message.read1::<String>().unwrap_or_default();
+        let properties = if requested_interface == ITEM_INTERFACE {
+            item_properties()
+        } else if requested_interface == MENU_INTERFACE {
+            menu_properties_all()
+        } else {
+            HashMap::new()
+        };
+        return Some(message.method_return().append1(properties));
+    }
+    dbus::channel::default_reply(message)
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn item_property(
+    interface: &str,
+    name: &str,
+) -> Option<dbus::arg::Variant<Box<dyn dbus::arg::RefArg>>> {
+    if interface != ITEM_INTERFACE {
+        return None;
+    }
+    match name {
+        "Category" => Some(property("ApplicationStatus".to_string())),
+        "Id" => Some(property("openless".to_string())),
+        "Title" => Some(property("OpenLess".to_string())),
+        "Status" => Some(property("Active".to_string())),
+        "IconName" => Some(property("openless".to_string())),
+        "Menu" => Some(property(
+            dbus::Path::new(MENU_PATH).expect("static D-Bus path"),
+        )),
+        "ItemIsMenu" => Some(property(false)),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn item_properties() -> Properties {
+    [
+        "Category",
+        "Id",
+        "Title",
+        "Status",
+        "IconName",
+        "Menu",
+        "ItemIsMenu",
+    ]
+    .into_iter()
+    .filter_map(|name| item_property(ITEM_INTERFACE, name).map(|value| (name.into(), value)))
+    .collect()
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn menu_property(
+    interface: &str,
+    name: &str,
+) -> Option<dbus::arg::Variant<Box<dyn dbus::arg::RefArg>>> {
+    if interface != MENU_INTERFACE {
+        return None;
+    }
+    match name {
+        "Version" => Some(property(3u32)),
+        "TextDirection" => Some(property("ltr".to_string())),
+        "Status" => Some(property("normal".to_string())),
+        "IconThemePath" => Some(property(Vec::<String>::new())),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+fn menu_properties_all() -> Properties {
+    ["Version", "TextDirection", "Status", "IconThemePath"]
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter_map(|name| menu_property(MENU_INTERFACE, name).map(|value| (name.into(), value)))
+        .collect()
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+const INTROSPECTION_XML: &str = r#"<node>
+ <interface name="org.kde.StatusNotifierItem">
+  <method name="Activate"><arg type="i" direction="in"/><arg type="i" direction="in"/></method>
+  <method name="SecondaryActivate"><arg type="i" direction="in"/><arg type="i" direction="in"/></method>
+  <method name="ContextMenu"><arg type="i" direction="in"/><arg type="i" direction="in"/></method>
+ </interface>
+ <interface name="com.canonical.dbusmenu">
+  <method name="GetLayout"><arg type="i" direction="in"/><arg type="i" direction="in"/><arg type="as" direction="in"/><arg type="u" direction="out"/><arg type="(ia{sv}av)" direction="out"/></method>
+  <method name="GetGroupProperties"><arg type="ai" direction="in"/><arg type="as" direction="in"/><arg type="a(ia{sv})" direction="out"/></method>
+  <method name="Event"><arg type="i" direction="in"/><arg type="s" direction="in"/><arg type="v" direction="in"/><arg type="u" direction="in"/></method>
+  <method name="AboutToShow"><arg type="i" direction="in"/><arg type="b" direction="out"/></method>
+ </interface>
+</node>"#;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn menu_ids_map_only_to_supported_commands() {
+        let state = TrayMenuState {
+            revision: 1,
+            microphones: vec![TrayMicrophone {
+                name: "Studio Mic".into(),
+                is_default: true,
+                selected: true,
+            }],
+            lang: None,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(state.command_for_id(SHOW_ID), Some(TrayCommand::ShowMain));
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.command_for_id(PREVIOUS_STYLE_ID),
+            Some(TrayCommand::ActivatePreviousStyle)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(state.command_for_id(QUIT_ID), Some(TrayCommand::Quit));
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.command_for_id(FIRST_MICROPHONE_ID + 1),
+            Some(TrayCommand::SelectMicrophone("Studio Mic".into()))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(state.command_for_id(MICROPHONES_ID), None);
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.command_for_id(FIRST_MICROPHONE_ID),
+            Some(TrayCommand::SelectMicrophone(String::new()))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(state.command_for_id(999), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn tray_capability_is_not_inferred_from_the_desktop_environment() {
+        let snapshot = crate::LinuxCapabilitySnapshot::from_environment(
+            None,
+            Some(":0"),
+            true,
+            false,
+            crate::LinuxPackageKind::Development,
+        );
+        assert!(!snapshot.capabilities.supports_tray);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/icons.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/icons.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5e79caf35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/icons.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,464 @@
+use eframe::egui;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum IconName {
+    Overview,
+    History,
+    Vocab,
+    Style,
+    SelectionAsk,
+    Translation,
+    Settings,
+    Mic,
+    Sparkle,
+    Hash,
+    Clock,
+    Bolt,
+    Copy,
+    Search,
+    Trash,
+    Refresh,
+    Download,
+    Play,
+    ChevronDown,
+}
+
+/// Draw an icon centred at `center` with the given `color`.
+pub fn draw_icon(ui: &egui::Ui, center: egui::Pos2, icon: IconName, color: egui::Color32) {
+    let p = ui.painter();
+    let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.25, color);
+    match icon {
+        IconName::Overview => {
+            let s = 2.0 / 3.0;
+            p.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-9.0 * s, -9.0 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-9.0 * s, 9.0 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(9.0 * s, 9.0 * s),
+                ]
+                .to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+            for (x, top) in [(6.0, 9.0), (1.0, 5.0), (-4.0, 14.0)] {
+                p.line_segment(
+                    [
+                        center + egui::vec2(x * s, 5.0 * s),
+                        center + egui::vec2(x * s, (top - 12.0) * s),
+                    ],
+                    stroke,
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        IconName::History | IconName::Clock => {
+            p.circle_stroke(center, 6.0, stroke);
+            p.line_segment([center, center + egui::vec2(0.0, -3.5)], stroke);
+            p.line_segment([center, center + egui::vec2(3.0, 2.0)], stroke);
+        }
+        IconName::Search => {
+            let s = 0.5;
+            let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, color);
+            p.circle_stroke(center + egui::vec2(-0.5, -0.5), 4.0, stroke);
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(4.65 * s, 4.65 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(9.0 * s, 9.0 * s),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+        }
+        IconName::Trash => {
+            let s = 0.54;
+            let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, color);
+            let pt = |x: f32, y: f32| center + egui::vec2((x - 12.0) * s, (y - 12.0) * s);
+            p.line_segment([pt(3.0, 6.0), pt(21.0, 6.0)], stroke);
+            p.line_segment([pt(19.0, 6.0), pt(19.0, 20.0)], stroke);
+            p.line_segment([pt(19.0, 20.0), pt(17.0, 22.0)], stroke);
+            p.line_segment([pt(17.0, 22.0), pt(7.0, 22.0)], stroke);
+            p.line_segment([pt(7.0, 22.0), pt(5.0, 20.0)], stroke);
+            p.line_segment([pt(5.0, 20.0), pt(5.0, 6.0)], stroke);
+            p.line_segment([pt(8.0, 6.0), pt(8.0, 4.0)], stroke);
+            p.add(egui::Shape::QuadraticBezier(
+                egui::epaint::QuadraticBezierShape::from_points_stroke(
+                    [pt(8.0, 4.0), pt(8.0, 2.0), pt(10.0, 2.0)],
+                    false,
+                    egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT,
+                    stroke,
+                ),
+            ));
+            p.line_segment([pt(10.0, 2.0), pt(14.0, 2.0)], stroke);
+            p.add(egui::Shape::QuadraticBezier(
+                egui::epaint::QuadraticBezierShape::from_points_stroke(
+                    [pt(14.0, 2.0), pt(16.0, 2.0), pt(16.0, 4.0)],
+                    false,
+                    egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT,
+                    stroke,
+                ),
+            ));
+            p.line_segment([pt(16.0, 4.0), pt(16.0, 6.0)], stroke);
+            p.line_segment([pt(10.0, 11.0), pt(10.0, 17.0)], stroke);
+            p.line_segment([pt(14.0, 11.0), pt(14.0, 17.0)], stroke);
+        }
+        IconName::Refresh => {
+            let s = 0.54;
+            let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, color);
+            let pt = |x: f32, y: f32| center + egui::vec2((x - 12.0) * s, (y - 12.0) * s);
+            let arc = (0..=24)
+                .map(|step| {
+                    let t = step as f32 / 24.0;
+                    let angle = std::f32::consts::PI
+                        - t * (std::f32::consts::PI + std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2);
+                    center + egui::vec2(angle.cos() * 9.0 * s, angle.sin() * 9.0 * s)
+                })
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+            p.add(egui::Shape::line(arc, stroke));
+            p.line_segment([pt(3.0, 3.0), pt(3.0, 8.0)], stroke);
+            p.line_segment([pt(3.0, 3.0), pt(8.0, 3.0)], stroke);
+        }
+        IconName::Download => {
+            let s = 0.54;
+            let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, color);
+            let pt = |x: f32, y: f32| center + egui::vec2((x - 12.0) * s, (y - 12.0) * s);
+            p.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [
+                    pt(21.0, 15.0),
+                    pt(21.0, 19.0),
+                    pt(19.0, 21.0),
+                    pt(5.0, 21.0),
+                    pt(3.0, 19.0),
+                    pt(3.0, 15.0),
+                ]
+                .to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+            p.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [pt(7.0, 10.0), pt(12.0, 15.0), pt(17.0, 10.0)].to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+            p.line_segment([pt(12.0, 15.0), pt(12.0, 3.0)], stroke);
+        }
+        IconName::Play => {
+            let s = 0.54;
+            let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, color);
+            let pt = |x: f32, y: f32| center + egui::vec2((x - 12.0) * s, (y - 12.0) * s);
+            p.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [pt(5.0, 3.0), pt(19.0, 12.0), pt(5.0, 21.0), pt(5.0, 3.0)].to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+        }
+        IconName::ChevronDown => {
+            let s = 0.54;
+            let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, color);
+            let pt = |x: f32, y: f32| center + egui::vec2((x - 12.0) * s, (y - 12.0) * s);
+            p.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [pt(6.0, 9.0), pt(12.0, 15.0), pt(18.0, 9.0)].to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+        }
+        IconName::Vocab => {
+            let s = 2.0 / 3.0;
+            let point = |x: f32, y: f32| center + egui::vec2((x - 12.0) * s, (y - 12.0) * s);
+            p.add(egui::Shape::QuadraticBezier(
+                egui::epaint::QuadraticBezierShape::from_points_stroke(
+                    [point(4.0, 19.5), point(4.0, 17.0), point(6.5, 17.0)],
+                    false,
+                    egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT,
+                    stroke,
+                ),
+            ));
+            p.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [point(6.5, 17.0), point(20.0, 17.0)].to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+            p.add(egui::Shape::QuadraticBezier(
+                egui::epaint::QuadraticBezierShape::from_points_stroke(
+                    [point(4.0, 19.5), point(4.0, 22.0), point(6.5, 22.0)],
+                    false,
+                    egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT,
+                    stroke,
+                ),
+            ));
+            p.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [
+                    point(6.5, 22.0),
+                    point(20.0, 22.0),
+                    point(20.0, 4.0),
+                    point(6.5, 4.0),
+                ]
+                .to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+            p.add(egui::Shape::QuadraticBezier(
+                egui::epaint::QuadraticBezierShape::from_points_stroke(
+                    [point(6.5, 4.0), point(4.0, 4.0), point(4.0, 6.5)],
+                    false,
+                    egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT,
+                    stroke,
+                ),
+            ));
+            p.line_segment([point(4.0, 6.5), point(4.0, 19.5)], stroke);
+        }
+        IconName::Style => {
+            let s = 2.0 / 3.0;
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(0.0, -10.0 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(0.0, 10.0 * s),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(5.0 * s, -7.0 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-2.5 * s, -7.0 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-5.5 * s, -5.0 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-5.5 * s, -1.5 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-3.5 * s, 1.5 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(3.0 * s, 1.5 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(5.0 * s, 3.5 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(4.0 * s, 6.0 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(1.0 * s, 7.0 * s),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-6.0 * s, 7.0 * s),
+                ]
+                .to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+        }
+        IconName::SelectionAsk => {
+            p.rect_stroke(
+                egui::Rect::from_center_size(
+                    center + egui::vec2(0.0, -1.0),
+                    egui::vec2(13.0, 10.0),
+                ),
+                egui::CornerRadius::same(2),
+                stroke,
+                egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-2.0, 4.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-5.0, 7.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+        }
+        IconName::Translation => {
+            p.circle_stroke(center, 6.7, stroke);
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-6.7, 0.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(6.7, 0.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            for sign in [-1.0, 1.0] {
+                p.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                    [
+                        center + egui::vec2(0.0, -6.7),
+                        center + egui::vec2(sign * 2.8, -4.0),
+                        center + egui::vec2(sign * 3.3, 0.0),
+                        center + egui::vec2(sign * 2.8, 4.0),
+                        center + egui::vec2(0.0, 6.7),
+                    ]
+                    .to_vec(),
+                    stroke,
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        IconName::Mic => {
+            p.rect_stroke(
+                egui::Rect::from_center_size(center + egui::vec2(0.0, -2.0), egui::vec2(7.0, 11.0)),
+                egui::CornerRadius::same(4),
+                stroke,
+                egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-4.0, -2.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-4.0, 1.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(4.0, -2.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(4.0, 1.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-4.0, 1.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(4.0, 1.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [center + egui::vec2(0.0, 1.0), center + egui::vec2(0.0, 5.0)],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-3.0, 5.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(3.0, 5.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+        }
+        IconName::Sparkle => {
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(0.0, -7.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(2.5, -2.5),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(2.5, -2.5),
+                    center + egui::vec2(7.0, 0.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [center + egui::vec2(7.0, 0.0), center + egui::vec2(2.5, 2.5)],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [center + egui::vec2(2.5, 2.5), center + egui::vec2(0.0, 7.0)],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(0.0, 7.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-2.5, 2.5),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-2.5, 2.5),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-7.0, 0.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-7.0, 0.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-2.5, -2.5),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-2.5, -2.5),
+                    center + egui::vec2(0.0, -7.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+        }
+        IconName::Hash => {
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-6.0, -3.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(6.0, -3.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-6.0, 3.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(6.0, 3.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-2.0, -7.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-4.0, 7.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(4.0, -7.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(2.0, 7.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+        }
+        IconName::Bolt => {
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(1.0, -8.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-5.0, 1.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-5.0, 1.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(1.0, 1.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(1.0, 1.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-1.0, 8.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-1.0, 8.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(6.0, -1.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(6.0, -1.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(1.0, -1.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            p.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(1.0, -1.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(1.0, -8.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+        }
+        IconName::Copy => {
+            p.rect_stroke(
+                egui::Rect::from_center_size(center + egui::vec2(1.5, 1.5), egui::vec2(10.0, 12.0)),
+                egui::CornerRadius::same(1),
+                stroke,
+                egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+            );
+            p.rect_stroke(
+                egui::Rect::from_center_size(center + egui::vec2(-1.5, -2.5), egui::vec2(8.0, 5.0)),
+                egui::CornerRadius::same(1),
+                stroke,
+                egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+            );
+        }
+        IconName::Settings => {
+            p.circle_stroke(center, 4.5, stroke);
+            for angle in [
+                0.0,
+                std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4,
+                std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2,
+                3.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4,
+                std::f32::consts::PI,
+                5.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4,
+                3.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2,
+                7.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4,
+            ] {
+                let direction = egui::vec2(angle.cos(), angle.sin());
+                p.line_segment([center + direction * 5.0, center + direction * 7.0], stroke);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/layout.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/layout.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0a122d7db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/layout.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,691 @@
+use eframe::egui;
+
+use super::icons::{self, IconName};
+use super::theme;
+use super::view_model::{FrontendAction, FrontendViewModel, Page};
+
+pub const SIDEBAR_WIDTH: f32 = 188.0;
+pub const TITLEBAR_HEIGHT: f32 = 38.0;
+const WINDOW_MARGIN: f32 = 6.0;
+const WINDOW_RADIUS: u8 = 14;
+
+// ── Window geometry helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn window_rect(ctx: &egui::Context) -> egui::Rect {
+    ctx.content_rect().shrink(WINDOW_MARGIN)
+}
+
+pub fn body_rect(ctx: &egui::Context) -> egui::Rect {
+    let window = window_rect(ctx);
+    egui::Rect::from_min_max(window.min + egui::vec2(0.0, TITLEBAR_HEIGHT), window.max)
+}
+
+// ── App icon ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn load_app_icon(ctx: &egui::Context) -> egui::TextureHandle {
+    let id = egui::Id::new("openless-frontend-app-icon");
+    if let Some(texture) = ctx.data(|data| data.get_temp::<egui::TextureHandle>(id)) {
+        return texture;
+    }
+    let image = image::load_from_memory(include_bytes!("../../../../public/AppIcon.png"))
+        .expect("OpenLess AppIcon.png must be valid")
+        .into_rgba8();
+    let color = egui::ColorImage::from_rgba_unmultiplied(
+        [image.width() as usize, image.height() as usize],
+        image.as_raw(),
+    );
+    let texture = ctx.load_texture("openless-app-icon", color, egui::TextureOptions::LINEAR);
+    ctx.data_mut(|data| data.insert_temp(id, texture.clone()));
+    texture
+}
+
+pub fn paint_app_icon(ui: &egui::Ui, rect: egui::Rect, texture: &egui::TextureHandle) {
+    ui.painter().image(
+        texture.id(),
+        rect,
+        egui::Rect::from_min_max(egui::pos2(0.0, 0.0), egui::pos2(1.0, 1.0)),
+        egui::Color32::WHITE,
+    );
+}
+
+// ── Window background ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn paint_window_background(ctx: &egui::Context) {
+    let window = window_rect(ctx);
+    let body = body_rect(ctx);
+    let painter = ctx.layer_painter(egui::LayerId::new(
+        egui::Order::Background,
+        egui::Id::new("openless-window-background"),
+    ));
+    painter.rect_filled(
+        window,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(WINDOW_RADIUS),
+        theme::SURFACE,
+    );
+    painter.rect_filled(
+        body,
+        egui::CornerRadius {
+            nw: 0,
+            ne: 0,
+            sw: WINDOW_RADIUS,
+            se: WINDOW_RADIUS,
+        },
+        theme::CANVAS,
+    );
+    painter.rect_stroke(
+        window,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(WINDOW_RADIUS),
+        egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+}
+
+// ── Titlebar ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn titlebar(ctx: &egui::Context, actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>) {
+    let window = window_rect(ctx);
+    let titlebar = egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+        window.min,
+        egui::pos2(window.max.x, window.min.y + TITLEBAR_HEIGHT),
+    );
+
+    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("openless-titlebar"))
+        .order(egui::Order::Middle)
+        // The titlebar defines its own drag zone and window-control buttons.
+        // Keep the area in the hit-test stack for its children, without adding
+        // an area-wide click target that would consume their input.
+        .sense(egui::Sense::hover())
+        .fixed_pos(window.min)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            ui.set_min_size(egui::vec2(window.width(), TITLEBAR_HEIGHT));
+            let drag = ui.interact(
+                titlebar,
+                ui.id().with("titlebar-drag"),
+                egui::Sense::click_and_drag(),
+            );
+            if drag.drag_started() {
+                ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::StartDrag);
+            }
+            let texture = load_app_icon(ctx);
+            paint_app_icon(
+                ui,
+                egui::Rect::from_center_size(
+                    window.min + egui::vec2(16.0, TITLEBAR_HEIGHT / 2.0),
+                    egui::vec2(18.0, 18.0),
+                ),
+                &texture,
+            );
+            ui.painter().text(
+                window.min + egui::vec2(34.0, TITLEBAR_HEIGHT / 2.0 + 0.5),
+                egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+                "OpenLess",
+                egui::FontId::proportional(13.0),
+                theme::INK_2,
+            );
+
+            let button_width = 40.0;
+            let close = egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+                egui::pos2(titlebar.right() - button_width, titlebar.top()),
+                titlebar.right_bottom(),
+            );
+            let maximize = close.translate(egui::vec2(-button_width, 0.0));
+            let minimize = maximize.translate(egui::vec2(-button_width, 0.0));
+            let close_response = ui.interact(close, ui.id().with("close"), egui::Sense::click());
+            let maximize_response =
+                ui.interact(maximize, ui.id().with("maximize"), egui::Sense::click());
+            let minimize_response =
+                ui.interact(minimize, ui.id().with("minimize"), egui::Sense::click());
+            if close_response.clicked() {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::WindowClose);
+            }
+            if maximize_response.clicked() {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::WindowMaximize);
+            }
+            if minimize_response.clicked() {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::WindowMinimize);
+            }
+            for (rect, response) in [
+                (minimize, &minimize_response),
+                (maximize, &maximize_response),
+                (close, &close_response),
+            ] {
+                if response.hovered() {
+                    ui.painter()
+                        .rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(6), theme::SURFACE_2);
+                }
+            }
+            let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::INK_3);
+            ui.painter().line_segment(
+                [
+                    minimize.center() - egui::vec2(5.0, 0.0),
+                    minimize.center() + egui::vec2(5.0, 0.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+                maximize.shrink(14.0),
+                egui::CornerRadius::ZERO,
+                stroke,
+                egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+            );
+            ui.painter().line_segment(
+                [
+                    close.center() - egui::vec2(5.0, 5.0),
+                    close.center() + egui::vec2(5.0, 5.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            ui.painter().line_segment(
+                [
+                    close.center() + egui::vec2(5.0, -5.0),
+                    close.center() + egui::vec2(-5.0, 5.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+        });
+}
+
+// ── Resize handles ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn resize_handles(ctx: &egui::Context) {
+    let window = window_rect(ctx);
+    let edge = 10.0;
+    let corner = 18.0;
+    let left = window.left();
+    let right = window.right();
+    let top = window.top();
+    let bottom = window.bottom();
+    let zones = [
+        (
+            egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+                egui::pos2(left, top),
+                egui::pos2(left + corner, top + corner),
+            ),
+            egui::ResizeDirection::NorthWest,
+        ),
+        (
+            egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+                egui::pos2(right - corner, top),
+                egui::pos2(right, top + corner),
+            ),
+            egui::ResizeDirection::NorthEast,
+        ),
+        (
+            egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+                egui::pos2(left, bottom - corner),
+                egui::pos2(left + corner, bottom),
+            ),
+            egui::ResizeDirection::SouthWest,
+        ),
+        (
+            egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+                egui::pos2(right - corner, bottom - corner),
+                egui::pos2(right, bottom),
+            ),
+            egui::ResizeDirection::SouthEast,
+        ),
+        (
+            egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+                egui::pos2(left + corner, top),
+                egui::pos2(right - corner, top + edge),
+            ),
+            egui::ResizeDirection::North,
+        ),
+        (
+            egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+                egui::pos2(left + corner, bottom - edge),
+                egui::pos2(right - corner, bottom),
+            ),
+            egui::ResizeDirection::South,
+        ),
+        (
+            egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+                egui::pos2(left, top + corner),
+                egui::pos2(left + edge, bottom - corner),
+            ),
+            egui::ResizeDirection::West,
+        ),
+        (
+            egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+                egui::pos2(right - edge, top + corner),
+                egui::pos2(right, bottom - corner),
+            ),
+            egui::ResizeDirection::East,
+        ),
+    ];
+
+    // Each edge gets its own foreground area. A single window-sized Area would
+    // become the top hit-test layer for the entire UI, including its transparent
+    // interior, and would swallow every button click.
+    for (index, (rect, direction)) in zones.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        let response = egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new(("openless-resize", index)))
+            .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
+            .fixed_pos(rect.min)
+            .default_size(rect.size())
+            .sense(egui::Sense::drag())
+            .show(ctx, |ui| ui.set_min_size(rect.size()))
+            .response;
+        if response.drag_started() {
+            ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::BeginResize(direction));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ── Sidebar ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn sidebar(ctx: &egui::Context, vm: &mut FrontendViewModel, actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>) {
+    let body = body_rect(ctx);
+    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("openless-sidebar"))
+        .order(egui::Order::Middle)
+        // Navigation rows own their input. A hover-only area preserves their
+        // layer while avoiding an invisible area-wide click target.
+        .sense(egui::Sense::hover())
+        .fixed_pos(body.min)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            ui.set_min_size(egui::vec2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH, body.height()));
+            ui.set_clip_rect(egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+                body.min,
+                egui::vec2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH, body.height()),
+            ));
+            ui.painter().rect_filled(ui.max_rect(), 0.0, theme::SURFACE);
+            ui.painter().line_segment(
+                [
+                    egui::pos2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH, 0.0),
+                    egui::pos2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH, body.height()),
+                ],
+                egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE),
+            );
+            egui::Frame::NONE
+                .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(10, 12))
+                .show(ui, |ui| {
+                    ui.set_width(SIDEBAR_WIDTH - 20.0);
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        let (rect, _) =
+                            ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(20.0, 22.0), egui::Sense::hover());
+                        let texture = load_app_icon(ctx);
+                        paint_app_icon(ui, rect, &texture);
+                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("OpenLess").strong().size(14.0));
+                    });
+                    ui.add_space(16.0);
+                    nav(ui, vm, "概览", Page::Overview, IconName::Overview, actions);
+                    nav(ui, vm, "历史", Page::History, IconName::History, actions);
+                    nav(ui, vm, "词汇表", Page::Vocab, IconName::Vocab, actions);
+                    ui.add_space(4.0);
+                    group(ui, vm, "风格", IconName::Style, actions);
+                    if vm.style_open {
+                        subnav(ui, vm, "润色模式", Page::Style, actions);
+                        subnav(ui, vm, "风格市场", Page::Marketplace, actions);
+                    }
+                    group(ui, vm, "工具", IconName::SelectionAsk, actions);
+                    if vm.tools_open {
+                        subnav(ui, vm, "划词追问", Page::SelectionAsk, actions);
+                        subnav(ui, vm, "翻译", Page::Translation, actions);
+                    }
+                    ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::bottom_up(egui::Align::Min), |ui| {
+                        nav_with_icon(ui, vm, "设置", Page::Settings, IconName::Settings, actions);
+                        ui.add_space(10.0);
+                        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                            ui.add_space(10.0);
+                            ui.vertical(|ui| {
+                                egui::Frame::new()
+                                    .fill(theme::BLUE_SOFT)
+                                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(7))
+                                    .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(6, 2))
+                                    .show(ui, |ui| {
+                                        ui.label(
+                                            egui::RichText::new("BETA")
+                                                .size(9.5)
+                                                .strong()
+                                                .color(theme::BLUE),
+                                        );
+                                    });
+                                ui.add_space(3.0);
+                                ui.label(
+                                    egui::RichText::new(format!("版本 {}", vm.version))
+                                        .size(10.5)
+                                        .color(theme::INK_4),
+                                );
+                            });
+                        });
+                    });
+                });
+        });
+}
+
+fn nav(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    label: &str,
+    page: Page,
+    icon: IconName,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    nav_with_icon(ui, vm, label, page, icon, actions);
+}
+
+fn nav_with_icon(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    label: &str,
+    page: Page,
+    icon: IconName,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let active = vm.active_page == page;
+    let (rect, response) =
+        ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH - 20.0, 32.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    if active {
+        ui.painter()
+            .rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(8), theme::SURFACE_2);
+    }
+    let color = if active { theme::INK } else { theme::INK_3 };
+    icons::draw_icon(ui, rect.min + egui::vec2(20.0, 16.0), icon, color);
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.min + egui::vec2(38.0, 16.0),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        label,
+        egui::FontId::proportional(13.0),
+        color,
+    );
+    if response.clicked() {
+        actions.push(FrontendAction::Navigate(page));
+        if page == Page::Settings {
+            actions.push(FrontendAction::ToggleSettings);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn subnav(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    label: &str,
+    page: Page,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let active = vm.active_page == page;
+    let (rect, response) =
+        ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH - 20.0, 30.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    if active {
+        ui.painter()
+            .rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(8), theme::SURFACE_2);
+    }
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.min + egui::vec2(30.0, 15.0),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        label,
+        egui::FontId::proportional(12.5),
+        if active { theme::INK } else { theme::INK_3 },
+    );
+    if response.clicked() {
+        actions.push(FrontendAction::Navigate(page));
+    }
+}
+
+fn group(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    label: &str,
+    icon: IconName,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let (rect, response) =
+        ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH - 20.0, 32.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    let color = if response.hovered() {
+        theme::INK_2
+    } else {
+        theme::INK_3
+    };
+    icons::draw_icon(ui, rect.min + egui::vec2(20.0, 16.0), icon, color);
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.min + egui::vec2(38.0, 16.0),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        label,
+        egui::FontId::proportional(13.0),
+        color,
+    );
+    let x = rect.max.x - 18.0;
+    let y = rect.center().y;
+    let is_open = match icon {
+        IconName::Style => vm.style_open,
+        _ => vm.tools_open,
+    };
+    if is_open {
+        ui.painter().line_segment(
+            [egui::pos2(x - 3.0, y - 1.0), egui::pos2(x, y + 2.0)],
+            egui::Stroke::new(1.2, color),
+        );
+        ui.painter().line_segment(
+            [egui::pos2(x, y + 2.0), egui::pos2(x + 3.0, y - 1.0)],
+            egui::Stroke::new(1.2, color),
+        );
+    } else {
+        ui.painter().line_segment(
+            [egui::pos2(x - 1.0, y - 3.0), egui::pos2(x + 2.0, y)],
+            egui::Stroke::new(1.2, color),
+        );
+        ui.painter().line_segment(
+            [egui::pos2(x + 2.0, y), egui::pos2(x - 1.0, y + 3.0)],
+            egui::Stroke::new(1.2, color),
+        );
+    }
+    if response.clicked() {
+        match icon {
+            IconName::Style => actions.push(FrontendAction::SidebarToggleStyle),
+            _ => actions.push(FrontendAction::SidebarToggleTools),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ── Content panel ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn content_panel(ctx: &egui::Context, add_contents: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui)) {
+    let body = body_rect(ctx);
+    let content = egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+        egui::pos2(body.left() + SIDEBAR_WIDTH + 28.0, body.top()),
+        egui::pos2(body.right() - 2.0, body.bottom() - 8.0),
+    );
+    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("openless-content"))
+        .order(egui::Order::Middle)
+        // Buttons and text fields inside the panel register their own hit targets.
+        .sense(egui::Sense::hover())
+        .fixed_pos(content.min)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            ui.set_min_size(content.size());
+            ui.set_max_size(content.size());
+            ui.set_clip_rect(content);
+            let scroll = &mut ui.style_mut().spacing.scroll;
+            scroll.floating = true;
+            scroll.bar_width = 8.0;
+            scroll.handle_min_length = 24.0;
+            scroll.bar_inner_margin = 0.0;
+            scroll.bar_outer_margin = 0.0;
+            scroll.foreground_color = false;
+            scroll.floating_width = 6.0;
+            scroll.floating_allocated_width = 0.0;
+            let visuals = &mut ui.style_mut().visuals.widgets;
+            visuals.inactive.corner_radius = egui::CornerRadius::same(6);
+            visuals.hovered.corner_radius = egui::CornerRadius::same(6);
+            visuals.active.corner_radius = egui::CornerRadius::same(6);
+            add_contents(ui);
+        });
+}
+
+// ── Shared helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn icon_text_button(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    label: &str,
+    icon: IconName,
+    width: f32,
+) -> egui::Response {
+    let (rect, response) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, 30.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    let hovered = response.hovered();
+    ui.painter().rect_filled(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(8),
+        if hovered {
+            theme::SURFACE_2
+        } else {
+            theme::SURFACE
+        },
+    );
+    ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(8),
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    let icon_center = egui::pos2(rect.left() + 16.0, rect.center().y);
+    icons::draw_icon(ui, icon_center, icon, theme::INK_3);
+    ui.painter().text(
+        egui::pos2(rect.left() + 28.0, rect.center().y),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        label,
+        egui::FontId::proportional(11.5),
+        theme::INK_2,
+    );
+    response
+}
+
+pub fn text_chevron_button(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, width: f32) -> egui::Response {
+    let (rect, response) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, 30.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    ui.painter().rect_filled(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(8),
+        if response.hovered() {
+            theme::SURFACE_2
+        } else {
+            theme::SURFACE
+        },
+    );
+    ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(8),
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    ui.painter().text(
+        egui::pos2(rect.left() + 12.0, rect.center().y),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        label,
+        egui::FontId::proportional(12.0),
+        theme::INK_2,
+    );
+    icons::draw_icon(
+        ui,
+        egui::pos2(rect.right() - 14.0, rect.center().y),
+        IconName::ChevronDown,
+        theme::INK_3,
+    );
+    response
+}
+
+pub fn small_pill(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    text: &str,
+    fill: egui::Color32,
+    border: egui::Color32,
+    color: egui::Color32,
+) -> egui::Response {
+    let width = (text.chars().count() as f32 * 10.0 + 16.0).max(42.0);
+    let (rect, response) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, 22.0), egui::Sense::hover());
+    ui.painter()
+        .rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(9), fill);
+    ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(9),
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.7, border),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.center(),
+        egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER,
+        text,
+        egui::FontId::proportional(10.5),
+        color,
+    );
+    response
+}
+
+pub fn card_at(ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: egui::Rect, contents: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui)) {
+    ui.painter()
+        .rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(14), theme::SURFACE);
+    ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(14),
+        egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    let inner = rect.shrink(17.0);
+    ui.scope_builder(
+        egui::UiBuilder::new()
+            .max_rect(inner)
+            .layout(egui::Layout::top_down(egui::Align::Min)),
+        |ui| {
+            ui.set_clip_rect(ui.clip_rect().intersect(rect));
+            contents(ui);
+        },
+    );
+}
+
+pub fn tag(ui: &egui::Ui, pos: egui::Pos2, text: &str, blue: bool) {
+    let width = (text.chars().count() as f32 * 10.0 + 16.0).max(48.0);
+    let rect = egui::Rect::from_min_size(pos, egui::vec2(width, 20.0));
+    ui.painter().rect_filled(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(9),
+        if blue {
+            theme::BLUE_SOFT
+        } else {
+            theme::SURFACE_2
+        },
+    );
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.center(),
+        egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER,
+        text,
+        egui::FontId::proportional(10.0),
+        if blue { theme::BLUE } else { theme::INK_3 },
+    );
+}
+
+pub fn soft_separator(ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
+    let rect = ui
+        .allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(ui.available_width(), 1.0), egui::Sense::hover())
+        .0;
+    ui.painter().line_segment(
+        [rect.left_center(), rect.right_center()],
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.5, egui::Color32::from_rgb(242, 242, 244)),
+    );
+}
+
+pub fn unsupported_page(ui: &mut egui::Ui, title: &str) {
+    ui.add_space(28.0);
+    ui.label(
+        egui::RichText::new(title)
+            .size(28.0)
+            .strong()
+            .color(theme::INK),
+    );
+    ui.add_space(22.0);
+    egui::Frame::new()
+        .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+        .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(14))
+        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(28))
+        .show(ui, |ui| {
+            ui.vertical_centered(|ui| {
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new("此页面暂未接线")
+                        .size(13.0)
+                        .color(theme::INK_3),
+                );
+                ui.add_space(4.0);
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new("数据桥接将在后续阶段完成")
+                        .size(11.0)
+                        .color(theme::INK_4),
+                );
+            });
+        });
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/marketplace.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/marketplace.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0ac98539a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/marketplace.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,472 @@
+use eframe::egui;
+
+use super::theme;
+use super::view_model::{FrontendAction, FrontendViewModel, MarketplaceSort};
+
+/// Render the marketplace page. All data comes from the view model; this
+/// function is pure rendering — it reads from `vm` and pushes actions.
+pub fn marketplace_page(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+    body_rect: egui::Rect,
+) {
+    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new("探索社区风格包")
+                .size(13.0)
+                .color(theme::INK_3),
+        );
+        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+            let refresh = ui.add(
+                egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("↻  刷新").size(11.5))
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(70.0, 29.0)),
+            );
+            if refresh.clicked() {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::MarketplaceRefresh);
+            }
+            ui.add_space(8.0);
+            let mine = ui.add(
+                egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("我的发布").size(11.5))
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(78.0, 29.0)),
+            );
+            if mine.clicked() {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::MarketplaceMyPacks);
+            }
+        });
+    });
+    ui.add_space(18.0);
+
+    // Search + sort
+    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+        let search_width = (ui.available_width() - 250.0).max(180.0);
+        egui::Frame::new()
+            .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+            .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(10))
+            .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(10, 6))
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                ui.set_width(search_width);
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    let (icon_rect, _) =
+                        ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(18.0, 18.0), egui::Sense::hover());
+                    let icon_center = icon_rect.center() - egui::vec2(1.5, 1.5);
+                    let icon_stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.4, theme::INK_3);
+                    ui.painter().circle_stroke(icon_center, 5.5, icon_stroke);
+                    ui.painter().line_segment(
+                        [
+                            icon_center + egui::vec2(4.0, 4.0),
+                            icon_center + egui::vec2(8.0, 8.0),
+                        ],
+                        icon_stroke,
+                    );
+                    let mut query = vm.marketplace_query.clone();
+                    let resp = ui.add(
+                        egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut query)
+                            .hint_text("搜索风格包")
+                            .frame(false)
+                            .desired_width(search_width - 34.0),
+                    );
+                    if resp.changed() {
+                        actions.push(FrontendAction::MarketplaceSearch(query));
+                    }
+                });
+            });
+        ui.add_space(10.0);
+        for (mode, label) in [
+            (MarketplaceSort::Popular, "热门"),
+            (MarketplaceSort::New, "最新"),
+            (MarketplaceSort::Liked, "我赞过的"),
+        ] {
+            let selected = vm.marketplace_sort == mode;
+            let response = ui.add(
+                egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new(label).size(12.0).color(if selected {
+                    theme::BLUE
+                } else {
+                    theme::INK_2
+                }))
+                .fill(if selected {
+                    theme::BLUE_SOFT
+                } else {
+                    theme::SURFACE
+                })
+                .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                .min_size(egui::vec2(64.0, 30.0)),
+            );
+            if response.clicked() {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::MarketplaceSort(mode));
+            }
+        }
+    });
+    ui.add_space(16.0);
+
+    // Notice
+    if let Some(notice) = &vm.marketplace_notice {
+        egui::Frame::new()
+            .fill(theme::BLUE_SOFT)
+            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+            .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(10, 7))
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(notice).size(11.5).color(theme::BLUE));
+            });
+        ui.add_space(10.0);
+    }
+
+    if vm.marketplace_loading {
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.spinner();
+            ui.label("正在加载风格市场…");
+        });
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if vm.marketplace_unsupported {
+        egui::Frame::new()
+            .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+            .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(12))
+            .inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(28))
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                ui.vertical_centered(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("风格市场暂未接线")
+                            .size(13.0)
+                            .color(theme::INK_3),
+                    );
+                    ui.add_space(4.0);
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("市场后端桥接将在后续阶段完成")
+                            .size(11.0)
+                            .color(theme::INK_4),
+                    );
+                });
+            });
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if vm.marketplace_packs.is_empty() {
+        egui::Frame::new()
+            .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+            .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(12))
+            .inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(28))
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                ui.vertical_centered(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("暂时没有找到风格包")
+                            .size(13.0)
+                            .color(theme::INK_3),
+                    );
+                    ui.add_space(4.0);
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("试试其他关键词或筛选条件")
+                            .size(11.0)
+                            .color(theme::INK_4),
+                    );
+                });
+            });
+    } else {
+        let columns = if ui.available_width() >= 900.0 {
+            3
+        } else if ui.available_width() >= 600.0 {
+            2
+        } else {
+            1
+        };
+        let gap = 12.0;
+        let card_width = (ui.available_width() - gap * (columns - 1) as f32) / columns as f32;
+        ui.columns(columns, |uis| {
+            for (column, column_ui) in uis.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+                for (pack_index, pack) in vm.marketplace_packs.iter().enumerate() {
+                    if pack_index % columns != column {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    marketplace_card(column_ui, card_width, pack, pack_index, vm, actions);
+                    column_ui.add_space(gap);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    // Detail modal
+    if let Some(index) = vm.marketplace_selected {
+        if let Some(pack) = vm.marketplace_packs.get(index) {
+            marketplace_detail(
+                ui.ctx(),
+                pack,
+                index,
+                vm.marketplace_liked.contains(&index),
+                body_rect,
+                actions,
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn marketplace_card(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    width: f32,
+    pack: &super::view_model::MarketplacePack,
+    index: usize,
+    _vm: &FrontendViewModel,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let (rect, response) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, 156.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    let fill = if response.hovered() {
+        theme::SURFACE_2
+    } else {
+        theme::SURFACE
+    };
+    ui.painter()
+        .rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(12), fill);
+    ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(12),
+        egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    let inner = rect.shrink(14.0);
+    let mut card_ui = ui.new_child(
+        egui::UiBuilder::new()
+            .max_rect(inner)
+            .layout(egui::Layout::top_down(egui::Align::Min)),
+    );
+    let ui = &mut card_ui;
+    ui.style_mut().interaction.selectable_labels = false;
+    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new(&pack.name)
+                .size(14.0)
+                .strong()
+                .color(theme::INK),
+        );
+        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new(format!("v{}", pack.version))
+                    .size(10.0)
+                    .color(theme::INK_4)
+                    .family(egui::FontFamily::Monospace),
+            );
+        });
+    });
+    ui.add_space(6.0);
+    let description_width = ui.available_width();
+    ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(
+        egui::vec2(description_width, 36.0),
+        egui::Layout::top_down(egui::Align::Min),
+        |ui| {
+            ui.add(
+                egui::Label::new(
+                    egui::RichText::new(&pack.description)
+                        .size(12.0)
+                        .color(theme::INK_3),
+                )
+                .wrap(),
+            );
+        },
+    );
+    ui.add_space(8.0);
+    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+        pill(ui, &pack.mode, true);
+        for tag in pack.tags.iter().take(2) {
+            pill(ui, tag, false);
+        }
+    });
+    ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::bottom_up(egui::Align::Min), |ui| {
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new(format!("@{}", pack.author))
+                    .size(11.0)
+                    .color(theme::INK_3),
+            );
+            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                let download = ui.add(
+                    egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("下载 ZIP").size(10.0))
+                        .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+                        .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.7, theme::LINE))
+                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(7))
+                        .min_size(egui::vec2(62.0, 23.0)),
+                );
+                if download.clicked() {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::MarketplaceDownload(index));
+                }
+                ui.add_space(7.0);
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new(format!("☆ {}  ·  ↓ {}", pack.likes, pack.downloads))
+                        .size(10.5)
+                        .color(theme::INK_4),
+                );
+            });
+        });
+    });
+    if response.clicked() {
+        actions.push(FrontendAction::MarketplaceDetail(index));
+    }
+}
+
+fn pill(ui: &mut egui::Ui, text: &str, outline: bool) {
+    egui::Frame::new()
+        .fill(if outline {
+            egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT
+        } else {
+            theme::SURFACE_2
+        })
+        .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(
+            0.5,
+            if outline {
+                theme::LINE
+            } else {
+                egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT
+            },
+        ))
+        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(7, 2))
+        .show(ui, |ui| {
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).size(10.0).color(theme::INK_3));
+        });
+}
+
+fn marketplace_detail(
+    ctx: &egui::Context,
+    pack: &super::view_model::MarketplacePack,
+    index: usize,
+    liked: bool,
+    body_rect: egui::Rect,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let modal_width = (body_rect.width() - 48.0).clamp(320.0, 480.0);
+    let viewport_center = ctx.content_rect().center();
+    let body_center_offset = body_rect.center() - viewport_center;
+
+    // Backdrop
+    let backdrop_layer = egui::LayerId::new(
+        egui::Order::Foreground,
+        egui::Id::new("marketplace-detail-backdrop"),
+    );
+    ctx.layer_painter(backdrop_layer).rect_filled(
+        body_rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius {
+            nw: 0,
+            ne: 0,
+            sw: 14,
+            se: 14,
+        },
+        egui::Color32::from_rgba_unmultiplied(0, 0, 0, 56),
+    );
+    // Input capture
+    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("marketplace-detail-backdrop-input"))
+        .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
+        .fixed_pos(body_rect.min)
+        .default_size(body_rect.size())
+        .constrain(false)
+        .interactable(true)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            ui.set_min_size(body_rect.size());
+            ui.set_max_size(body_rect.size());
+            let _ = ui.allocate_exact_size(body_rect.size(), egui::Sense::click());
+        });
+
+    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("marketplace-detail-overlay"))
+        .order(egui::Order::Tooltip)
+        .anchor(egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, body_center_offset)
+        .constrain_to(body_rect)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            egui::Frame::new()
+                .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(14))
+                .inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(20))
+                .show(ui, |ui| {
+                    ui.set_width(modal_width - 40.0);
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(&pack.name).size(18.0).strong());
+                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(&pack.mode).size(11.0).color(theme::INK_3));
+                        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                            ui.label(
+                                egui::RichText::new(format!("v{}", pack.version))
+                                    .size(10.0)
+                                    .color(theme::INK_4),
+                            );
+                        });
+                    });
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new(format!(
+                            "@{}  ·  ☆ {}  ·  ↓ {}",
+                            pack.author, pack.likes, pack.downloads
+                        ))
+                        .size(11.0)
+                        .color(theme::INK_4),
+                    );
+                    ui.add_space(10.0);
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new(&pack.description)
+                            .size(13.0)
+                            .color(theme::INK_2),
+                    );
+                    ui.add_space(12.0);
+                    egui::Frame::new()
+                        .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+                        .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.5, theme::LINE))
+                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(10))
+                        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(12))
+                        .show(ui, |ui| {
+                            ui.label(
+                                egui::RichText::new(
+                                    "本地占位预览\n将原始表达保留在上下文中，优化语气、结构和可读性。\n这段内容会由真实风格包提示词替换。",
+                                )
+                                .size(12.0)
+                                .color(theme::INK_2)
+                                .family(egui::FontFamily::Monospace),
+                            );
+                        });
+                    ui.add_space(14.0);
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        if ui
+                            .add(
+                                egui::Button::new(
+                                    egui::RichText::new(if liked { "★" } else { "☆" }),
+                                )
+                                .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                                .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+                                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8)),
+                            )
+                            .clicked()
+                        {
+                            actions.push(FrontendAction::MarketplaceToggleLike(index));
+                        }
+                        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                            if ui
+                                .add(
+                                    egui::Button::new("安装到本地")
+                                        .fill(theme::BLUE)
+                                        .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8)),
+                                )
+                                .clicked()
+                            {
+                                actions.push(FrontendAction::MarketplaceInstall(index));
+                                actions.push(FrontendAction::MarketplaceCloseDetail);
+                            }
+                            if ui
+                                .add(
+                                    egui::Button::new("取消")
+                                        .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                                        .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+                                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8)),
+                                )
+                                .clicked()
+                            {
+                                actions.push(FrontendAction::MarketplaceCloseDetail);
+                            }
+                        });
+                    });
+                });
+        });
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/mod.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..482bf8faf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+pub mod icons;
+pub mod layout;
+pub mod marketplace;
+pub mod pages;
+pub mod settings;
+pub mod view_model;
+
+use eframe::egui;
+use view_model::{FrontendAction, FrontendViewModel, Page};
+
+/// Re-export the theme module from the parent ui module.
+pub use super::theme;
+
+/// Render the complete egui frontend for one frame. This is the single entry
+/// point called from `OpenLessEguiApp::update`. It replaces the old
+/// `shell::titlebar` + `shell::sidebar` + `shell::content_panel` calls.
+///
+/// The frontend is a pure function of `ctx` and `vm` — it reads display state
+/// from the view model and pushes user actions into the `actions` vec. The host
+/// drains actions after this call and dispatches them to existing Core/backend
+/// methods.
+pub fn render(ctx: &egui::Context, vm: &mut FrontendViewModel, actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>) {
+    // Paint the rounded window surface and body canvas.
+    layout::paint_window_background(ctx);
+
+    // Titlebar with window controls.
+    layout::titlebar(ctx, actions);
+
+    // Sidebar with navigation.
+    layout::sidebar(ctx, vm, actions);
+
+    // Resize handles for borderless window.
+    layout::resize_handles(ctx);
+
+    // Content area.
+    layout::content_panel(ctx, |ui| {
+        let body = layout::body_rect(ctx);
+
+        // Style page owns its own scroll viewport.
+        if vm.active_page == Page::Style {
+            let width = (ui.available_width() - 24.0).max(1.0);
+            ui.set_min_width(width);
+            ui.set_max_width(width);
+            ui.add_space(28.0);
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new("润色模式")
+                    .size(28.0)
+                    .strong()
+                    .color(theme::INK),
+            );
+            ui.add_space(22.0);
+            pages::style_page(ui, vm, actions);
+            ui.add_space(32.0);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // History owns two independent scroll regions (list and detail).
+        // Do not wrap in another ScrollArea.
+        if vm.active_page == Page::History {
+            pages::history_page(ui, vm, actions);
+            ui.add_space(32.0);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        egui::ScrollArea::vertical()
+            .id_salt("openless-main-scroll")
+            .auto_shrink([false, false])
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                let width = (ui.available_width() - 24.0).max(1.0);
+                ui.set_min_width(width);
+                ui.set_max_width(width);
+
+                match vm.active_page {
+                    Page::Overview => {
+                        pages::overview_page(ui, vm, actions);
+                    }
+                    Page::Vocab => {
+                        pages::vocab_page(ui, vm, actions);
+                    }
+                    Page::Marketplace => {
+                        ui.add_space(28.0);
+                        ui.label(
+                            egui::RichText::new("风格市场")
+                                .size(28.0)
+                                .strong()
+                                .color(theme::INK),
+                        );
+                        ui.add_space(22.0);
+                        marketplace::marketplace_page(ui, vm, actions, body);
+                    }
+                    Page::SelectionAsk => {
+                        ui.add_space(28.0);
+                        ui.label(
+                            egui::RichText::new("划词追问")
+                                .size(28.0)
+                                .strong()
+                                .color(theme::INK),
+                        );
+                        ui.add_space(22.0);
+                        pages::selection_ask_page(ui, vm, actions);
+                    }
+                    Page::Translation => {
+                        ui.add_space(28.0);
+                        ui.label(
+                            egui::RichText::new("翻译")
+                                .size(28.0)
+                                .strong()
+                                .color(theme::INK),
+                        );
+                        ui.add_space(22.0);
+                        pages::translation_page(ui, vm, actions);
+                    }
+                    Page::History | Page::Style | Page::Settings => {
+                        // Handled above or via overlay.
+                    }
+                }
+                ui.add_space(32.0);
+            });
+
+        // Settings overlay (rendered on top of everything).
+        if vm.settings_open {
+            settings::settings_overlay(ctx, vm, actions, body);
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn viewport() -> egui::Rect {
+        egui::Rect::from_min_size(egui::Pos2::ZERO, egui::vec2(1240.0, 800.0))
+    }
+
+    fn frame(ctx: &egui::Context, events: Vec<egui::Event>) -> Vec<FrontendAction> {
+        ctx.begin_pass(egui::RawInput {
+            screen_rect: Some(viewport()),
+            events,
+            ..Default::default()
+        });
+        let mut vm = FrontendViewModel::default();
+        let mut actions = Vec::new();
+        render(ctx, &mut vm, &mut actions);
+        let _ = ctx.end_pass();
+        actions
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn sidebar_navigation_receives_pointer_clicks_above_window_layers() {
+        let ctx = egui::Context::default();
+
+        // Areas use their first pass to establish their screen rectangles.
+        frame(&ctx, Vec::new());
+        frame(&ctx, Vec::new());
+
+        let pointer = egui::pos2(50.0, 142.0);
+        assert_eq!(
+            ctx.layer_id_at(pointer),
+            Some(egui::LayerId::new(
+                egui::Order::Middle,
+                egui::Id::new("openless-sidebar"),
+            )),
+            "the sidebar must be the top input layer at a navigation button"
+        );
+        frame(
+            &ctx,
+            vec![
+                egui::Event::PointerMoved(pointer),
+                egui::Event::PointerButton {
+                    pos: pointer,
+                    button: egui::PointerButton::Primary,
+                    pressed: true,
+                    modifiers: egui::Modifiers::NONE,
+                },
+            ],
+        );
+        let actions = frame(
+            &ctx,
+            vec![egui::Event::PointerButton {
+                pos: pointer,
+                button: egui::PointerButton::Primary,
+                pressed: false,
+                modifiers: egui::Modifiers::NONE,
+            }],
+        );
+
+        assert!(
+            actions
+                .iter()
+                .any(|action| matches!(action, FrontendAction::Navigate(Page::History))),
+            "the foreground resize layer must not consume sidebar clicks"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn titlebar_close_control_receives_pointer_clicks() {
+        let ctx = egui::Context::default();
+        frame(&ctx, Vec::new());
+        frame(&ctx, Vec::new());
+
+        let pointer = egui::pos2(1214.0, 20.0);
+        frame(
+            &ctx,
+            vec![egui::Event::PointerButton {
+                pos: pointer,
+                button: egui::PointerButton::Primary,
+                pressed: true,
+                modifiers: egui::Modifiers::NONE,
+            }],
+        );
+        let actions = frame(
+            &ctx,
+            vec![egui::Event::PointerButton {
+                pos: pointer,
+                button: egui::PointerButton::Primary,
+                pressed: false,
+                modifiers: egui::Modifiers::NONE,
+            }],
+        );
+
+        assert!(
+            actions
+                .iter()
+                .any(|action| matches!(action, FrontendAction::WindowClose)),
+            "the titlebar container must not consume the close button click"
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/pages.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/pages.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..10fb74117
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/pages.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,2460 @@
+use eframe::egui;
+
+use super::icons::{self, IconName};
+use super::layout;
+use super::theme;
+use super::view_model::{FrontendAction, FrontendViewModel};
+
+const SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES: [&str; 15] = [
+    "简体中文",
+    "繁体中文",
+    "English",
+    "日本語",
+    "한국어",
+    "Français",
+    "Deutsch",
+    "Español",
+    "Italiano",
+    "Português",
+    "Русский",
+    "العربية",
+    "Tiếng Việt",
+    "ไทย",
+    "हिन्दी",
+];
+
+fn truncate_text(text: &str, max_chars: usize) -> String {
+    let mut value: String = text.chars().take(max_chars).collect();
+    if text.chars().count() > max_chars {
+        value.push('…');
+    }
+    value
+}
+
+// ── Overview page ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn overview_page(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &FrontendViewModel,
+    _actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let width = (ui.available_width() - 24.0).max(1.0);
+
+    if vm.overview_loading {
+        ui.add_space(28.0);
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new("今日概览")
+                .size(28.0)
+                .strong()
+                .color(theme::INK),
+        );
+        ui.add_space(22.0);
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.spinner();
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("正在加载概览数据…").color(theme::INK_3));
+        });
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(error) = &vm.overview_error {
+        ui.add_space(28.0);
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new("今日概览")
+                .size(28.0)
+                .strong()
+                .color(theme::INK),
+        );
+        ui.add_space(22.0);
+        ui.colored_label(egui::Color32::from_rgb(220, 80, 80), error);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let Some(summary) = &vm.overview else {
+        ui.add_space(28.0);
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new("今日概览")
+                .size(28.0)
+                .strong()
+                .color(theme::INK),
+        );
+        ui.add_space(22.0);
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("暂无数据").color(theme::INK_3));
+        return;
+    };
+
+    ui.set_min_width(width);
+    ui.set_max_width(width);
+    ui.add_space(28.0);
+    ui.label(
+        egui::RichText::new("今日概览")
+            .size(28.0)
+            .strong()
+            .color(theme::INK),
+    );
+    ui.add_space(22.0);
+
+    let gap = 12.0;
+    let provider_width = (width - gap) / 2.0;
+    let provider_height = 98.0;
+    let provider_row = ui
+        .allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, provider_height), egui::Sense::hover())
+        .0;
+    provider_card(
+        ui,
+        egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+            provider_row.min,
+            egui::vec2(provider_width, provider_height),
+        ),
+        "ASR 语音",
+        &summary.asr_provider,
+        summary.asr_configured,
+        IconName::Mic,
+    );
+    provider_card(
+        ui,
+        egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+            egui::pos2(
+                provider_row.left() + provider_width + gap,
+                provider_row.top(),
+            ),
+            egui::vec2(provider_width, provider_height),
+        ),
+        "LLM 模型",
+        &summary.llm_provider,
+        summary.llm_configured,
+        IconName::Sparkle,
+    );
+    ui.add_space(32.0);
+
+    // Metric row
+    let metric_width = (width - gap * 3.0) / 4.0;
+    let metric_row = ui
+        .allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, 108.0), egui::Sense::hover())
+        .0;
+    for (index, (icon, label, value, detail, accent)) in [
+        (
+            IconName::Hash,
+            "今日字数",
+            summary.chars_today.to_string(),
+            format!("{} 段", summary.segments_today),
+            false,
+        ),
+        (
+            IconName::Mic,
+            "今日总时长",
+            if summary.duration_ms_today > 0 {
+                format_duration(summary.duration_ms_today)
+            } else {
+                "—".into()
+            },
+            String::new(),
+            false,
+        ),
+        (
+            IconName::Clock,
+            "平均段落",
+            if summary.avg_latency_ms > 0 {
+                format_duration(summary.avg_latency_ms)
+            } else {
+                "—".into()
+            },
+            "暂无数据".to_string(),
+            false,
+        ),
+        (
+            IconName::Bolt,
+            "累计记录",
+            summary.history_total.to_string(),
+            "本机存档".to_string(),
+            true,
+        ),
+    ]
+    .into_iter()
+    .enumerate()
+    {
+        metric_card(
+            ui,
+            egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+                egui::pos2(
+                    metric_row.left() + index as f32 * (metric_width + gap),
+                    metric_row.top(),
+                ),
+                egui::vec2(metric_width, 108.0),
+            ),
+            icon,
+            label,
+            &value,
+            &detail,
+            accent,
+        );
+    }
+    ui.add_space(18.0);
+
+    // Activity heatmap
+    activity_heatmap(ui, width, summary);
+    ui.add_space(18.0);
+
+    // Bottom row: period + recent
+    let row_width = width - gap;
+    let left_width = row_width / 2.4;
+    let right_width = row_width - left_width;
+    let bottom_row = ui
+        .allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, 304.0), egui::Sense::hover())
+        .0;
+    period_card(
+        ui,
+        egui::Rect::from_min_size(bottom_row.min, egui::vec2(left_width, 304.0)),
+        summary,
+    );
+    recent_card(
+        ui,
+        egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+            egui::pos2(bottom_row.left() + left_width + gap, bottom_row.top()),
+            egui::vec2(right_width, 304.0),
+        ),
+        summary,
+    );
+}
+
+fn format_duration(ms: u64) -> String {
+    if ms < 1000 {
+        format!("{}ms", ms)
+    } else if ms < 60_000 {
+        format!("{:.1}s", ms as f64 / 1000.0)
+    } else {
+        let minutes = ms / 60_000;
+        let seconds = (ms % 60_000) / 1000;
+        format!("{}m{}s", minutes, seconds)
+    }
+}
+
+fn provider_card(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    rect: egui::Rect,
+    kind: &str,
+    name: &str,
+    configured: bool,
+    icon: IconName,
+) {
+    layout::card_at(ui, rect, |ui| {
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            let (icon_rect, _) =
+                ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(38.0, 38.0), egui::Sense::hover());
+            ui.painter()
+                .rect_filled(icon_rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(10), theme::BLUE_SOFT);
+            icons::draw_icon(ui, icon_rect.center(), icon, theme::BLUE);
+            ui.add_space(12.0);
+            ui.vertical(|ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(kind).size(10.5).color(theme::INK_4));
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(name).size(14.0).strong());
+                    if configured {
+                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("● 已配置").size(10.5).color(theme::OK));
+                    } else {
+                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("未配置").size(10.5).color(theme::INK_4));
+                    }
+                });
+            });
+        });
+    });
+}
+
+fn metric_card(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    rect: egui::Rect,
+    icon: IconName,
+    label: &str,
+    value: &str,
+    detail: &str,
+    accent: bool,
+) {
+    layout::card_at(ui, rect, |ui| {
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            icons::draw_icon(
+                ui,
+                ui.cursor().min + egui::vec2(7.0, 8.0),
+                icon,
+                theme::INK_3,
+            );
+            ui.add_space(16.0);
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).size(11.5).color(theme::INK_3));
+        });
+        ui.add_space(8.0);
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new(value)
+                .size(26.0)
+                .strong()
+                .color(if accent { theme::BLUE } else { theme::INK }),
+        );
+        if !detail.is_empty() {
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(detail).size(10.5).color(theme::INK_4));
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+fn heat_color(count: u32) -> egui::Color32 {
+    match count {
+        0 => theme::SURFACE_2,
+        1..=2 => egui::Color32::from_rgb(80, 140, 220),
+        3..=5 => egui::Color32::from_rgb(90, 120, 235),
+        6..=10 => egui::Color32::from_rgb(110, 100, 235),
+        _ => egui::Color32::from_rgb(150, 90, 235),
+    }
+}
+
+fn activity_heatmap(ui: &mut egui::Ui, width: f32, summary: &super::view_model::OverviewSummary) {
+    let rect = ui
+        .allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, 184.0), egui::Sense::hover())
+        .0;
+    layout::card_at(ui, rect, |ui| {
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new("年度活动")
+                .size(12.0)
+                .strong()
+                .color(theme::INK_2),
+        );
+        ui.add_space(10.0);
+        let grid_rect = ui
+            .allocate_exact_size(
+                egui::vec2(ui.available_width(), 126.0),
+                egui::Sense::hover(),
+            )
+            .0;
+        let painter = ui.painter().with_clip_rect(grid_rect);
+        let label_width = 30.0;
+        let columns = 53;
+        let cell_gap = 3.0;
+        let column_step = ((grid_rect.width() - label_width) / columns as f32).max(6.0);
+        let cell_width = (column_step - cell_gap).max(5.0);
+        let cell_height = ((grid_rect.height() - 22.0 - 6.0 * cell_gap) / 7.0).max(5.0);
+        let months = [
+            "9月", "10月", "11月", "12月", "1月", "2月", "3月", "4月", "5月", "6月", "7月", "8月",
+        ];
+        let month_columns = [0, 4, 9, 13, 18, 22, 27, 31, 36, 40, 45, 49];
+        for (index, month) in months.iter().enumerate() {
+            let x = grid_rect.left() + label_width + month_columns[index] as f32 * column_step;
+            painter.text(
+                egui::pos2(x, grid_rect.top()),
+                egui::Align2::LEFT_TOP,
+                *month,
+                egui::FontId::proportional(9.0),
+                theme::INK_4,
+            );
+        }
+        for row in 0..7 {
+            let y = grid_rect.top() + 22.0 + row as f32 * (cell_height + cell_gap);
+            painter.text(
+                egui::pos2(grid_rect.left(), y + cell_height / 2.0),
+                egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+                match row {
+                    0 => "周日",
+                    1 => "周一",
+                    2 => "周二",
+                    3 => "周三",
+                    4 => "周四",
+                    5 => "周五",
+                    _ => "周六",
+                },
+                egui::FontId::proportional(10.0),
+                theme::INK_4,
+            );
+            for col in 0..columns {
+                let intensity = if col < summary.heatmap_weeks.len() as i32 {
+                    summary.heatmap_weeks[col as usize][row]
+                } else {
+                    0
+                };
+                let color = heat_color(intensity);
+                let x = grid_rect.left() + label_width + col as f32 * column_step;
+                painter.rect_filled(
+                    egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+                        egui::pos2(x, y),
+                        egui::vec2(cell_width, cell_height),
+                    ),
+                    egui::CornerRadius::same(2),
+                    color,
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.label("少");
+            for count in [0u32, 1, 4, 8, 15] {
+                let (swatch, _) =
+                    ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(10.0, 10.0), egui::Sense::hover());
+                ui.painter().rect_filled(swatch, 2.0, heat_color(count));
+            }
+            ui.label("多");
+            ui.label(format!(
+                "{} 天 · {} 天活跃",
+                summary.heatmap_days, summary.activity_days_total
+            ));
+        });
+    });
+}
+
+fn period_card(ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: egui::Rect, summary: &super::view_model::OverviewSummary) {
+    layout::card_at(ui, rect, |ui| {
+        let row_width = ui.available_width();
+        ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(row_width, 28.0), egui::Sense::hover());
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new("近期活动")
+                .size(13.0)
+                .strong()
+                .color(theme::INK),
+        );
+        ui.add_space(12.0);
+        for (label, segments, _chars, _duration) in [
+            ("近 7 天", summary.last_7_segments, "—", "—"),
+            ("近 30 天", summary.last_30_segments, "—", "—"),
+        ] {
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).size(12.0).color(theme::INK_2));
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new(format!("{} 段", segments))
+                        .size(12.0)
+                        .color(theme::INK_3),
+                );
+            });
+            ui.add_space(4.0);
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+fn recent_card(ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: egui::Rect, summary: &super::view_model::OverviewSummary) {
+    layout::card_at(ui, rect, |ui| {
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new("最近记录")
+                .size(13.0)
+                .strong()
+                .color(theme::INK),
+        );
+        ui.add_space(12.0);
+        if summary.recent.is_empty() {
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new("暂无记录")
+                    .size(12.0)
+                    .color(theme::INK_4),
+            );
+            return;
+        }
+        for entry in &summary.recent {
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new(format!(
+                    "{} · {}",
+                    entry.created_at,
+                    entry
+                        .duration_ms
+                        .map(|d| format_duration(d))
+                        .unwrap_or_else(|| "—".into())
+                ))
+                .size(11.0)
+                .color(theme::INK_3),
+            );
+            let text = if entry.final_text.trim().is_empty() {
+                "（无文字）"
+            } else {
+                &entry.final_text
+            };
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).size(12.0).color(theme::INK_2));
+            ui.add_space(8.0);
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+// ── History page ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn history_page(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let width = (ui.available_width() - 24.0).max(1.0);
+    ui.set_min_width(width);
+    ui.set_max_width(width);
+    ui.add_space(28.0);
+
+    let header_rect = ui
+        .allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, 84.0), egui::Sense::hover())
+        .0;
+    ui.scope_builder(
+        egui::UiBuilder::new()
+            .max_rect(header_rect)
+            .layout(egui::Layout::top_down(egui::Align::Min)),
+        |ui| {
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.vertical(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("HISTORY")
+                            .size(11.0)
+                            .strong()
+                            .color(theme::INK_4),
+                    );
+                    ui.add_space(6.0);
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("历史记录")
+                            .size(28.0)
+                            .strong()
+                            .color(theme::INK),
+                    );
+                    ui.add_space(5.0);
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("本机保存的识别记录。")
+                            .size(13.0)
+                            .color(theme::INK_3),
+                    );
+                });
+                ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Min), |ui| {
+                    let clear = layout::icon_text_button(ui, "清空", IconName::Trash, 70.0);
+                    if clear.clicked() {
+                        actions.push(FrontendAction::HistoryClear);
+                    }
+                    ui.add_space(8.0);
+                    let refresh = layout::icon_text_button(ui, "刷新", IconName::Refresh, 70.0);
+                    if refresh.clicked() {
+                        actions.push(FrontendAction::HistoryRefresh);
+                    }
+                });
+            });
+        },
+    );
+
+    if vm.history_entries.is_empty() {
+        egui::Frame::new()
+            .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+            .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(14))
+            .inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(28))
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                ui.vertical_centered(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new(if vm.history_cleared {
+                            "暂无历史记录"
+                        } else {
+                            "历史记录暂未接线"
+                        })
+                        .size(13.0)
+                        .color(theme::INK_3),
+                    );
+                    ui.add_space(4.0);
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("数据桥接将在后续阶段完成")
+                            .size(11.0)
+                            .color(theme::INK_4),
+                    );
+                });
+            });
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let gap = 14.0;
+    let list_width = 300.0;
+    let detail_width = (width - list_width - gap).max(300.0);
+    let body_height = ui.available_height().max(300.0);
+    let body = ui
+        .allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, body_height), egui::Sense::hover())
+        .0;
+    let list_rect = egui::Rect::from_min_size(body.min, egui::vec2(list_width, body.height()));
+    let detail_rect = egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+        egui::pos2(body.left() + list_width + gap, body.top()),
+        egui::vec2(detail_width, body.height()),
+    );
+
+    // List panel
+    layout::card_at(ui, list_rect, |ui| {
+        ui.add_space(1.0);
+        let search_width = ui.available_width();
+        egui::Frame::new()
+            .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+            .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+            .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(10, 5))
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                ui.set_width((search_width - 20.0).max(1.0));
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    let (icon_rect, _) =
+                        ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(18.0, 24.0), egui::Sense::hover());
+                    icons::draw_icon(ui, icon_rect.center(), IconName::Search, theme::INK_3);
+                    ui.add_space(6.0);
+                    let mut query = vm.history_query.clone();
+                    let resp = ui.add_sized(
+                        [ui.available_width(), 24.0],
+                        egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut query)
+                            .hint_text("搜索转写内容…")
+                            .font(egui::FontId::proportional(12.5))
+                            .vertical_align(egui::Align::Center)
+                            .frame(false),
+                    );
+                    if resp.changed() {
+                        actions.push(FrontendAction::HistorySearch(query));
+                    }
+                });
+            });
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new(format!("共 {} 条记录", vm.history_entries.len()))
+                .size(10.5)
+                .color(theme::INK_4),
+        );
+        ui.add_space(8.0);
+        ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
+            let filters = ["全部", "原文", "轻度润色", "清晰结构", "正式表达"];
+            for (index, label) in filters.iter().enumerate() {
+                let selected = vm.history_filter == index;
+                let filter_width = (label.chars().count() as f32 * 9.0 + 18.0).max(42.0);
+                let response = ui.add(
+                    egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new(*label).size(11.5).color(if selected {
+                        theme::SURFACE
+                    } else {
+                        theme::INK_3
+                    }))
+                    .fill(if selected { theme::INK } else { theme::SURFACE })
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(
+                        if selected { 0.0 } else { 0.8 },
+                        if selected {
+                            egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT
+                        } else {
+                            theme::LINE
+                        },
+                    ))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(10))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(filter_width, 24.0)),
+                );
+                if response.clicked() {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::HistoryFilter(index));
+                }
+            }
+        });
+        ui.separator();
+        egui::ScrollArea::vertical()
+            .id_salt("openless-history-list")
+            .auto_shrink([false, false])
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                for (index, entry) in vm.history_entries.iter().enumerate() {
+                    if !vm.history_query.is_empty()
+                        && !entry
+                            .text
+                            .to_lowercase()
+                            .contains(&vm.history_query.to_lowercase())
+                    {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    let selected = vm.history_selected == index;
+                    let (rect, response) = ui.allocate_exact_size(
+                        egui::vec2(ui.available_width(), 84.0),
+                        egui::Sense::click(),
+                    );
+                    if selected {
+                        ui.painter().rect_filled(
+                            rect,
+                            egui::CornerRadius::same(8),
+                            theme::BLUE_SOFT,
+                        );
+                        let indicator_color = egui::Color32::from_rgb(29, 78, 216);
+                        let left = rect.left() + 1.0;
+                        let right = rect.left() + 4.0;
+                        let top = rect.top() + 2.0;
+                        let bottom = rect.bottom() - 2.0;
+                        let radius = 3.0;
+                        let mut indicator = Vec::with_capacity(18);
+                        indicator.push(egui::pos2(right, top));
+                        indicator.push(egui::pos2(left + radius, top));
+                        for step in 0..=6 {
+                            let angle = -std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2
+                                - std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2 * step as f32 / 6.0;
+                            indicator.push(egui::pos2(
+                                left + radius + angle.cos() * radius,
+                                top + radius + angle.sin() * radius,
+                            ));
+                        }
+                        indicator.push(egui::pos2(left, bottom - radius));
+                        for step in 0..=6 {
+                            let angle = std::f32::consts::PI
+                                - std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2 * step as f32 / 6.0;
+                            indicator.push(egui::pos2(
+                                left + radius + angle.cos() * radius,
+                                bottom - radius + angle.sin() * radius,
+                            ));
+                        }
+                        indicator.push(egui::pos2(right, bottom));
+                        ui.painter().add(egui::Shape::convex_polygon(
+                            indicator,
+                            indicator_color,
+                            egui::Stroke::NONE,
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    ui.painter().text(
+                        rect.min + egui::vec2(12.0, 14.0),
+                        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+                        &entry.time,
+                        egui::FontId::monospace(10.5),
+                        theme::INK_3,
+                    );
+                    ui.painter().text(
+                        egui::pos2(rect.right() - 12.0, rect.top() + 14.0),
+                        egui::Align2::RIGHT_CENTER,
+                        &entry.duration,
+                        egui::FontId::monospace(10.0),
+                        theme::INK_4,
+                    );
+                    let chars_per_line = (((rect.width() - 24.0) / 11.5).floor() as usize).max(1);
+                    let chars: Vec<char> = entry.text.chars().collect();
+                    let first_line: String = chars.iter().take(chars_per_line).collect();
+                    let mut second_line: String = chars
+                        .iter()
+                        .skip(chars_per_line)
+                        .take(chars_per_line)
+                        .collect();
+                    if chars.len() > chars_per_line * 2 {
+                        second_line.pop();
+                        second_line.push('…');
+                    }
+                    ui.painter().text(
+                        rect.min + egui::vec2(12.0, 29.0),
+                        egui::Align2::LEFT_TOP,
+                        first_line,
+                        egui::FontId::proportional(11.5),
+                        theme::INK_2,
+                    );
+                    if !second_line.is_empty() {
+                        ui.painter().text(
+                            rect.min + egui::vec2(12.0, 44.0),
+                            egui::Align2::LEFT_TOP,
+                            second_line,
+                            egui::FontId::proportional(11.5),
+                            theme::INK_2,
+                        );
+                    }
+                    layout::tag(
+                        ui,
+                        egui::pos2(rect.min.x + 12.0, rect.bottom() - 23.0),
+                        &entry.tag,
+                        false,
+                    );
+                    if response.clicked() {
+                        actions.push(FrontendAction::HistorySelect(index));
+                    }
+                    ui.add_space(1.0);
+                }
+            });
+    });
+
+    // Detail panel
+    layout::card_at(ui, detail_rect, |ui| {
+        egui::ScrollArea::vertical()
+            .id_salt("openless-history-detail-scroll")
+            .auto_shrink([false, false])
+            .show(ui, |ui| {
+                if let Some(entry) = vm.history_entries.get(vm.history_selected) {
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        ui.label(
+                            egui::RichText::new(&entry.time)
+                                .size(12.0)
+                                .color(theme::INK_3),
+                        );
+                        ui.add_space(8.0);
+                        let _ = layout::small_pill(
+                            ui,
+                            &entry.tag,
+                            theme::SURFACE_2,
+                            theme::LINE,
+                            theme::INK_3,
+                        );
+                        ui.add_space(8.0);
+                        ui.label(
+                            egui::RichText::new(format!("录音 {}", entry.duration))
+                                .size(11.0)
+                                .color(theme::INK_4),
+                        );
+                        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                            let del = layout::icon_text_button(ui, "删除", IconName::Trash, 70.0);
+                            if del.clicked() {
+                                actions.push(FrontendAction::HistoryDelete(vm.history_selected));
+                            }
+                            ui.add_space(8.0);
+                            let export =
+                                layout::icon_text_button(ui, "导出录音", IconName::Download, 92.0);
+                            if export.clicked() {
+                                actions.push(FrontendAction::HistoryExport(vm.history_selected));
+                            }
+                        });
+                    });
+                    ui.add_space(12.0);
+                    layout::soft_separator(ui);
+                    ui.add_space(10.0);
+                    let play = layout::icon_text_button(
+                        ui,
+                        if vm.history_audio_playing {
+                            "停止播放"
+                        } else {
+                            "播放录音"
+                        },
+                        IconName::Play,
+                        92.0,
+                    );
+                    if play.clicked() {
+                        actions.push(FrontendAction::HistoryTogglePlay);
+                    }
+                    if vm.history_audio_playing {
+                        ui.label(
+                            egui::RichText::new("正在播放录音…")
+                                .size(11.0)
+                                .color(theme::BLUE),
+                        );
+                    }
+                    ui.add_space(10.0);
+                    for (step, _provider, _status) in [
+                        ("识别", "ASR 服务", "—"),
+                        ("润色", "LLM 服务", "—"),
+                        ("插入", "—", "—"),
+                    ] {
+                        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                            let _ = layout::small_pill(
+                                ui,
+                                step,
+                                theme::SURFACE_2,
+                                theme::LINE,
+                                theme::INK_3,
+                            );
+                            ui.label(
+                                egui::RichText::new(_provider)
+                                    .size(10.5)
+                                    .color(theme::INK_2),
+                            );
+                            ui.with_layout(
+                                egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center),
+                                |ui| {
+                                    ui.label(
+                                        egui::RichText::new(_status).size(10.5).color(theme::INK_4),
+                                    );
+                                },
+                            );
+                        });
+                        ui.add_space(4.0);
+                    }
+                    ui.add_space(8.0);
+                    let inner_width = ui.available_width();
+                    let column_gap = 12.0;
+                    let column_width = ((inner_width - column_gap) / 2.0).max(120.0);
+                    let cards_row = ui
+                        .allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(inner_width, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover())
+                        .0;
+                    let raw_rect = egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+                        cards_row.min,
+                        egui::vec2(column_width, cards_row.height()),
+                    );
+                    let polished_rect = egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+                        egui::pos2(
+                            cards_row.left() + column_width + column_gap,
+                            cards_row.top(),
+                        ),
+                        egui::vec2(column_width, cards_row.height()),
+                    );
+                    detail_text_card(ui, raw_rect, "原文", &entry.text, false);
+                    detail_text_card(ui, polished_rect, "润色结果", &entry.text, true);
+                } else {
+                    ui.label("请选择一条记录");
+                }
+            });
+    });
+}
+
+fn detail_text_card(ui: &egui::Ui, rect: egui::Rect, title: &str, text: &str, blue: bool) {
+    ui.painter().rect_filled(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(10),
+        if blue {
+            theme::BLUE_SOFT
+        } else {
+            theme::SURFACE_2
+        },
+    );
+    ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(10),
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.5, if blue { theme::BLUE } else { theme::LINE }),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.min + egui::vec2(14.0, 18.0),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        title,
+        egui::FontId::proportional(10.5),
+        if blue { theme::BLUE } else { theme::INK_3 },
+    );
+    let text_rect = egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+        rect.min + egui::vec2(14.0, 42.0),
+        rect.max - egui::vec2(14.0, 40.0),
+    );
+    let text_painter = ui.painter().with_clip_rect(text_rect);
+    let galley = text_painter.layout(
+        text.to_owned(),
+        egui::FontId::proportional(12.5),
+        theme::INK_2,
+        text_rect.width(),
+    );
+    text_painter.galley(text_rect.left_top(), galley, theme::INK_2);
+    let copy = egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+        egui::pos2(rect.right() - 58.0, rect.top() + 8.0),
+        egui::vec2(48.0, 22.0),
+    );
+    ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+        copy,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(6),
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.5, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    ui.painter().text(
+        copy.center(),
+        egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER,
+        "复制",
+        egui::FontId::proportional(10.5),
+        theme::INK_2,
+    );
+}
+
+// ── Vocab page ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn vocab_page(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let width = (ui.available_width() - 24.0).max(1.0);
+    ui.set_min_width(width);
+    ui.set_max_width(width);
+    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("词汇表").size(11.0).color(theme::INK_4));
+    ui.add_space(6.0);
+    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new("词汇表")
+                .size(28.0)
+                .strong()
+                .color(theme::INK),
+        );
+        ui.add_space(8.0);
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new("自定义热词，提升专有名词识别率")
+                .size(13.0)
+                .color(theme::INK_3),
+        );
+        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+            if ui
+                .add(
+                    egui::Button::new(
+                        egui::RichText::new("↻  刷新")
+                            .size(11.5)
+                            .color(theme::INK_2),
+                    )
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(70.0, 30.0)),
+                )
+                .clicked()
+            {
+                vm.vocab_error = None;
+            }
+        });
+    });
+    ui.add_space(24.0);
+
+    if vm.vocab_unsupported {
+        layout::unsupported_page(ui, "");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Presets card
+    vocab_card(
+        ui,
+        width,
+        "预设",
+        "选择一组常用词汇快速添加。",
+        &mut vm.vocab_presets_open,
+        |ui| {
+            ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
+                let preset_names = ["开发工具", "产品与平台", "技术术语", "英文写作"];
+                for (index, name) in preset_names.iter().enumerate() {
+                    let selected = vm.vocab_selected_presets.contains(&index);
+                    let response = ui.add(
+                        egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new(*name).size(12.5))
+                            .fill(if selected {
+                                theme::BLUE_SOFT
+                            } else {
+                                theme::SURFACE_2
+                            })
+                            .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.5, theme::LINE))
+                            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(12))
+                            .min_size(egui::vec2(88.0, 32.0)),
+                    );
+                    if response.clicked() {
+                        actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabApplyPreset(index));
+                    }
+                }
+                if ui
+                    .add(
+                        egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("创建预设").size(12.5))
+                            .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                            .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.5, theme::LINE))
+                            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                            .min_size(egui::vec2(96.0, 34.0)),
+                    )
+                    .clicked()
+                {
+                    vm.vocab_editing_preset = Some(usize::MAX);
+                    vm.vocab_preset_name = "新预设".into();
+                    vm.vocab_preset_phrases.clear();
+                }
+                if ui
+                    .add(
+                        egui::Button::new(
+                            egui::RichText::new("应用").color(theme::SURFACE).size(12.0),
+                        )
+                        .fill(theme::INK)
+                        .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                        .min_size(egui::vec2(64.0, 32.0)),
+                    )
+                    .clicked()
+                {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabApplyPreset(usize::MAX));
+                }
+            });
+            if vm.vocab_editing_preset.is_some() {
+                ui.add_space(10.0);
+                let input_width = ui.available_width();
+                let input_content_width = (input_width - 20.0).max(1.0);
+                egui::Frame::new()
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(10, 6))
+                    .show(ui, |ui| {
+                        ui.set_width(input_content_width);
+                        ui.add_sized(
+                            [input_content_width, 20.0],
+                            egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut vm.vocab_preset_name)
+                                .hint_text("预设名称")
+                                .desired_width(input_content_width)
+                                .frame(false),
+                        );
+                    });
+                egui::Frame::new()
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(10, 6))
+                    .show(ui, |ui| {
+                        ui.set_width(input_content_width);
+                        ui.add_sized(
+                            [input_content_width, 64.0],
+                            egui::TextEdit::multiline(&mut vm.vocab_preset_phrases)
+                                .desired_rows(3)
+                                .desired_width(input_content_width)
+                                .hint_text("词汇，用逗号或换行分隔")
+                                .frame(false),
+                        );
+                    });
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    if ui
+                        .add(
+                            egui::Button::new(
+                                egui::RichText::new("保存").color(theme::SURFACE).size(12.0),
+                            )
+                            .fill(theme::INK)
+                            .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                            .min_size(egui::vec2(72.0, 30.0)),
+                        )
+                        .clicked()
+                    {
+                        let name = vm.vocab_preset_name.trim().to_owned();
+                        let phrases = vm.vocab_preset_phrases.clone();
+                        if !name.is_empty() {
+                            actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabCreatePreset { name, phrases });
+                        }
+                        vm.vocab_editing_preset = None;
+                    }
+                    if ui
+                        .add(
+                            egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("取消").size(12.0))
+                                .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                                .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                                .min_size(egui::vec2(72.0, 30.0)),
+                        )
+                        .clicked()
+                    {
+                        vm.vocab_editing_preset = None;
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+            if vm.vocab_editing_preset.is_none() && !vm.vocab_saved_presets.is_empty() {
+                ui.add_space(10.0);
+                ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
+                    let saved_presets = vm.vocab_saved_presets.clone();
+                    for (index, preset) in saved_presets.iter().enumerate() {
+                        if ui
+                            .add(
+                                egui::Button::new(
+                                    egui::RichText::new(format!("编辑  {}", preset.name))
+                                        .size(12.5),
+                                )
+                                .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+                                .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.6, theme::LINE))
+                                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(14))
+                                .min_size(egui::vec2(92.0, 30.0)),
+                            )
+                            .clicked()
+                        {
+                            vm.vocab_preset_name = preset.name.clone();
+                            vm.vocab_preset_phrases = preset.phrases.clone();
+                            vm.vocab_editing_preset = Some(index);
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        },
+    );
+
+    // Correction rules card
+    vocab_card(
+        ui,
+        width,
+        "纠错规则",
+        "将识别结果中的常见错误自动替换为正确写法。",
+        &mut vm.vocab_corrections_open,
+        |ui| {
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                let spacing = ui.spacing().item_spacing.x;
+                let add_width = 72.0;
+                let arrow_width = 24.0;
+                let input_width =
+                    ((ui.available_width() - add_width - arrow_width - spacing * 3.0) / 2.0)
+                        .max(60.0);
+                let input_content_width = (input_width - 20.0).max(1.0);
+                egui::Frame::new()
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(10, 6))
+                    .show(ui, |ui| {
+                        ui.set_width(input_content_width);
+                        ui.add_sized(
+                            [input_content_width, 20.0],
+                            egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut vm.vocab_pattern)
+                                .desired_width(input_content_width)
+                                .hint_text("原文，例如：{num}粒")
+                                .frame(false),
+                        );
+                    });
+                ui.add_sized(
+                    [arrow_width, 32.0],
+                    egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new("→").color(theme::INK_4))
+                        .wrap_mode(egui::TextWrapMode::Extend),
+                );
+                egui::Frame::new()
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(10, 6))
+                    .show(ui, |ui| {
+                        ui.set_width(input_content_width);
+                        ui.add_sized(
+                            [input_content_width, 20.0],
+                            egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut vm.vocab_replacement)
+                                .desired_width(input_content_width)
+                                .hint_text("替换为")
+                                .frame(false),
+                        );
+                    });
+                if ui
+                    .add(
+                        egui::Button::new(
+                            egui::RichText::new("添加").color(theme::SURFACE).size(12.0),
+                        )
+                        .fill(theme::INK)
+                        .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                        .min_size(egui::vec2(add_width, 32.0)),
+                    )
+                    .clicked()
+                    && !vm.vocab_pattern.trim().is_empty()
+                {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabAddRule {
+                        pattern: vm.vocab_pattern.trim().into(),
+                        replacement: vm.vocab_replacement.trim().into(),
+                    });
+                    vm.vocab_pattern.clear();
+                    vm.vocab_replacement.clear();
+                }
+            });
+            ui.add_space(10.0);
+            ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
+                let mut remove_index = None;
+                for index in 0..vm.vocab_rules.len() {
+                    let rule = &vm.vocab_rules[index];
+                    let label = format!(
+                        "{} → {}{}",
+                        rule.pattern,
+                        rule.replacement,
+                        if rule.learned { "  自动" } else { "" }
+                    );
+                    let (toggle, remove) = correction_chip(ui, &label, rule.enabled);
+                    if remove {
+                        remove_index = Some(index);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    if toggle {
+                        actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabToggleRule(index));
+                    }
+                }
+                if let Some(index) = remove_index {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabRemoveRule(index));
+                }
+                if vm.vocab_rules.is_empty() {
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("暂无纠错规则")
+                            .size(12.0)
+                            .color(theme::INK_4),
+                    );
+                }
+            });
+        },
+    );
+
+    // Vocabulary entries card
+    vocab_card(
+        ui,
+        width,
+        "词汇",
+        "添加需要优先识别的自定义词汇。",
+        &mut vm.vocab_entries_open,
+        |ui| {
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                let input_width = (ui.available_width() - 90.0).max(80.0);
+                let input_content_width = (input_width - 20.0).max(1.0);
+                egui::Frame::new()
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(10, 6))
+                    .show(ui, |ui| {
+                        ui.set_width(input_content_width);
+                        let resp = ui.add_sized(
+                            [input_content_width, 20.0],
+                            egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut vm.vocab_input)
+                                .desired_width(input_content_width)
+                                .hint_text("输入词汇，按回车添加")
+                                .frame(false),
+                        );
+                        if resp.lost_focus()
+                            && ui.input(|input| input.key_pressed(egui::Key::Enter))
+                            && !vm.vocab_input.trim().is_empty()
+                        {
+                            let phrase = vm.vocab_input.trim().to_string();
+                            if !phrase.is_empty() {
+                                actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabAddPhrase(phrase));
+                            }
+                            vm.vocab_input.clear();
+                        }
+                    });
+                if ui
+                    .add(
+                        egui::Button::new(
+                            egui::RichText::new("＋ 添加")
+                                .color(theme::SURFACE)
+                                .size(12.0),
+                        )
+                        .fill(theme::INK)
+                        .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                        .min_size(egui::vec2(78.0, 32.0)),
+                    )
+                    .clicked()
+                    || (ui.input(|input| input.key_pressed(egui::Key::Enter))
+                        && !vm.vocab_input.trim().is_empty())
+                {
+                    let phrase = vm.vocab_input.trim().to_string();
+                    if !phrase.is_empty() {
+                        actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabAddPhrase(phrase));
+                    }
+                    vm.vocab_input.clear();
+                }
+            });
+            ui.add_space(12.0);
+            ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
+                let mut remove_index = None;
+                for index in 0..vm.vocab_entries.len() {
+                    let entry = &vm.vocab_entries[index];
+                    let (toggle, remove) = vocab_chip(ui, entry);
+                    if remove {
+                        remove_index = Some(index);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    if toggle {
+                        actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabTogglePhrase(index));
+                    }
+                }
+                if let Some(index) = remove_index {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabRemovePhrase(index));
+                }
+            });
+            let learned = vm
+                .vocab_entries
+                .iter()
+                .filter(|entry| entry.learned)
+                .count();
+            if learned > 0 {
+                ui.separator();
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    ui.label(format!("自动收集 ({learned})"));
+                    if ui.button("全部删除").clicked() {
+                        // Remove all learned entries
+                        let indices: Vec<usize> = vm
+                            .vocab_entries
+                            .iter()
+                            .enumerate()
+                            .filter(|(_, e)| e.learned)
+                            .map(|(i, _)| i)
+                            .rev()
+                            .collect();
+                        for i in indices {
+                            actions.push(FrontendAction::VocabRemovePhrase(i));
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+            if let Some(error) = &vm.vocab_error {
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new(error)
+                        .size(12.0)
+                        .color(egui::Color32::from_rgb(185, 28, 28)),
+                );
+            }
+        },
+    );
+}
+
+// ── Style page ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn style_page(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let width = (ui.available_width() - 24.0).max(1.0);
+    ui.set_min_width(width);
+    ui.set_max_width(width);
+
+    if vm.style_unsupported {
+        layout::unsupported_page(ui, "");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new("选择润色风格，让每次输出都保持一致")
+                .size(12.0)
+                .color(theme::INK_3),
+        );
+        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+            let import = ui.add(
+                egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("▣  导入 ZIP").size(11.5))
+                    .fill(theme::BLUE)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(92.0, 29.0)),
+            );
+            if import.clicked() {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::StyleImport);
+            }
+            ui.add_space(8.0);
+            let refresh = ui.add(
+                egui::Button::new(
+                    egui::RichText::new("↻  刷新")
+                        .size(11.5)
+                        .color(theme::INK_2),
+                )
+                .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.7, theme::LINE))
+                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                .min_size(egui::vec2(70.0, 29.0)),
+            );
+            if refresh.clicked() {
+                vm.style_notice = Some("风格包列表已刷新".into());
+            }
+        });
+    });
+    ui.add_space(14.0);
+
+    let mut selected_action: Option<usize> = None;
+    let mut editor_prompt: Option<String> = None;
+    let style_card_height = ui.available_height().max(320.0);
+    layout::card_at(
+        ui,
+        egui::Rect::from_min_size(ui.cursor().min, egui::vec2(width, style_card_height)),
+        |ui| {
+            let raw_active = !vm.style_selection_workflow && vm.style_selected == usize::MAX;
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.vertical(|ui| {
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("本地风格包").size(15.0).strong());
+                        let raw = ui.add(
+                            egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("原文").size(11.5).color(
+                                if raw_active {
+                                    theme::SURFACE
+                                } else {
+                                    theme::INK_3
+                                },
+                            ))
+                            .fill(if raw_active {
+                                theme::BLUE
+                            } else {
+                                egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT
+                            })
+                            .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(6))
+                            .min_size(egui::vec2(52.0, 24.0)),
+                        );
+                        if raw.clicked() {
+                            selected_action = Some(usize::MAX);
+                            vm.style_selection_workflow = false;
+                        }
+                    });
+                    ui.add_space(3.0);
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("浏览和切换风格包。")
+                            .size(11.5)
+                            .color(theme::INK_3),
+                    );
+                });
+                ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                    egui::Frame::new()
+                        .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                        .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(7, 3))
+                        .show(ui, |ui| {
+                            ui.label(
+                                egui::RichText::new(format!("{} 个风格包", vm.style_packs.len()))
+                                    .size(10.5)
+                                    .color(theme::INK_3),
+                            );
+                        });
+                    let selection = ui.add(
+                        egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("选区润色").size(11.5).color(
+                            if vm.style_selection_workflow {
+                                theme::SURFACE
+                            } else {
+                                theme::INK_3
+                            },
+                        ))
+                        .fill(if vm.style_selection_workflow {
+                            theme::BLUE
+                        } else {
+                            egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT
+                        })
+                        .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(6))
+                        .min_size(egui::vec2(70.0, 24.0)),
+                    );
+                    if selection.clicked() {
+                        vm.style_selection_workflow = true;
+                    }
+                    let dictation = ui.add(
+                        egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("语音润色").size(11.5).color(
+                            if !vm.style_selection_workflow && !raw_active {
+                                theme::SURFACE
+                            } else {
+                                theme::INK_3
+                            },
+                        ))
+                        .fill(if !vm.style_selection_workflow && !raw_active {
+                            theme::BLUE
+                        } else {
+                            egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT
+                        })
+                        .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(6))
+                        .min_size(egui::vec2(70.0, 24.0)),
+                    );
+                    if dictation.clicked() {
+                        vm.style_selection_workflow = false;
+                    }
+                });
+            });
+            ui.add_space(16.0);
+            ui.separator();
+            ui.add_space(16.0);
+
+            egui::ScrollArea::vertical()
+                .id_salt("style-packs-scroll")
+                .auto_shrink([false, false])
+                .show(ui, |ui| {
+                    let grid_width = ui.available_width();
+                    let gap = 12.0;
+                    let columns = if grid_width >= 820.0 {
+                        3
+                    } else if grid_width >= 560.0 {
+                        2
+                    } else {
+                        1
+                    };
+                    let card_width =
+                        ((grid_width - gap * (columns - 1) as f32) / columns as f32).max(1.0);
+                    let total_tiles = vm.style_packs.len() + 1;
+                    for (row_index, start) in (0..total_tiles).step_by(columns).enumerate() {
+                        if row_index > 0 {
+                            ui.add_space(12.0);
+                        }
+                        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                            ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 0.0;
+                            for slot in start..(start + columns).min(total_tiles) {
+                                if slot == vm.style_packs.len() {
+                                    if new_style_pack_card(ui, egui::vec2(card_width, 232.0)) {
+                                        editor_prompt = Some(
+                                            "# 角色\n你是 OpenLess 的润色助手。\n\n# 任务\n把输入整理成自然、清晰、可直接使用的文字。\n\n# 输出\n只输出最终文本，不添加解释。\n".into(),
+                                        );
+                                    }
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                                let pack = &vm.style_packs[slot];
+                                match style_pack_card(
+                                    ui,
+                                    egui::vec2(card_width, 232.0),
+                                    slot,
+                                    vm.style_selected,
+                                    &pack.name,
+                                    &pack.description,
+                                    &pack.tags,
+                                    pack.accent,
+                                    pack.is_active,
+                                    pack.is_builtin,
+                                ) {
+                                    StyleCardAction::Activate => {
+                                        selected_action = Some(slot)
+                                    }
+                                    StyleCardAction::Export => {
+                                        actions.push(FrontendAction::StyleExport(slot));
+                                    }
+                                    StyleCardAction::Edit => {
+                                        editor_prompt = Some(format!(
+                                            "# 角色\n你是 OpenLess 的{}助手。\n\n# 任务\n把输入整理成自然、清晰、可直接使用的文字。\n\n# 输出\n只输出最终文本，不添加解释。\n",
+                                            pack.name
+                                        ));
+                                    }
+                                    StyleCardAction::None => {}
+                                }
+                                if slot + 1 < (start + columns).min(total_tiles) {
+                                    ui.add_space(gap);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        });
+                    }
+                });
+        },
+    );
+
+    if let Some(index) = selected_action {
+        if index == usize::MAX {
+            vm.style_selected = usize::MAX;
+            vm.style_notice = Some("已切换到「原文」".into());
+        } else if let Some(pack) = vm.style_packs.get(index) {
+            actions.push(FrontendAction::StyleActivate(index));
+            vm.style_notice = Some(format!("已切换到「{}」", pack.name));
+        }
+    }
+    if let Some(prompt) = editor_prompt {
+        vm.style_prompt = prompt;
+        vm.style_editor_open = true;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(notice) = vm.style_notice.clone() {
+        ui.add_space(10.0);
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("✓").color(theme::OK).strong());
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(notice).size(11.5).color(theme::INK_2));
+            if ui.small_button("×").clicked() {
+                vm.style_notice = None;
+            }
+        });
+    }
+    style_editor_overlay(ui.ctx(), vm, actions);
+}
+
+// ── Selection ask page ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn selection_ask_page(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let width = (ui.available_width() - 24.0).max(1.0);
+    ui.set_min_width(width);
+    ui.set_max_width(width);
+
+    if vm.selection_unsupported {
+        layout::unsupported_page(ui, "");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // History toggle
+    let history_width = 142.0;
+    let history_rect = ui
+        .allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(history_width, 36.0), egui::Sense::hover())
+        .0;
+    ui.painter().rect_filled(
+        history_rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(10),
+        egui::Color32::from_rgb(241, 241, 242),
+    );
+    ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+        history_rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(10),
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.5, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    ui.painter().text(
+        history_rect.min + egui::vec2(14.0, 18.0),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        "保存历史",
+        egui::FontId::proportional(12.5),
+        theme::INK_2,
+    );
+
+    let toggle_rect = egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+        egui::pos2(history_rect.right() - 50.0, history_rect.center().y - 10.0),
+        egui::vec2(36.0, 20.0),
+    );
+    let toggle = ui.interact(
+        toggle_rect,
+        ui.id().with("selection-ask-history"),
+        egui::Sense::click(),
+    );
+    let toggle_color = if vm.qa_save_history {
+        theme::BLUE
+    } else {
+        egui::Color32::from_rgb(184, 184, 187)
+    };
+    ui.painter()
+        .rect_filled(toggle_rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(10), toggle_color);
+    let knob_x = if vm.qa_save_history {
+        toggle_rect.right() - 10.0
+    } else {
+        toggle_rect.left() + 10.0
+    };
+    ui.painter().circle_filled(
+        egui::pos2(knob_x, toggle_rect.center().y),
+        8.0,
+        egui::Color32::WHITE,
+    );
+    if toggle.clicked() {
+        actions.push(FrontendAction::SelectionAskToggleHistory);
+    }
+    ui.add_space(12.0);
+
+    // Usage card
+    layout::card_at(
+        ui,
+        egui::Rect::from_min_size(ui.cursor().min, egui::vec2(width, 196.0)),
+        |ui| {
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new("使用方法")
+                    .size(13.0)
+                    .strong()
+                    .color(theme::INK),
+            );
+            ui.add_space(10.0);
+            let steps = [
+                "按 ⌘⇧; 打开浮窗。",
+                "在任意 app 选中文字。",
+                "按 右Ctrl 录音，再按一次提交。",
+                "可继续按 右Ctrl 多轮追问。",
+                "按 Esc 关闭浮窗并清空历史。",
+            ];
+            for (index, step) in steps.into_iter().enumerate() {
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    ui.add_sized(
+                        [18.0, 20.0],
+                        egui::Label::new(
+                            egui::RichText::new(format!("{:}.", index + 1))
+                                .size(12.5)
+                                .color(theme::INK_3),
+                        ),
+                    );
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(step).size(12.5).color(theme::INK_2));
+                });
+                if index < 4 {
+                    ui.add_space(5.0);
+                }
+            }
+        },
+    );
+}
+
+// ── Translation page ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn translation_page(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    let width = (ui.available_width() - 24.0).max(1.0);
+    ui.set_min_width(width);
+    ui.set_max_width(width);
+
+    if vm.translation_unsupported {
+        layout::unsupported_page(ui, "");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let gap = 12.0;
+    let card_width = width.min(760.0);
+
+    // Working languages card
+    translation_card(ui, card_width, |ui| {
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("工作语言").size(13.0).strong());
+        ui.add_space(12.0);
+        ui.horizontal_wrapped(|ui| {
+            ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing = egui::vec2(6.0, 6.0);
+            for language in SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES {
+                let selected = vm
+                    .translation_working_languages
+                    .iter()
+                    .any(|value| value == language);
+                let response = ui.add(
+                    egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new(language).size(12.5).color(
+                        if selected {
+                            egui::Color32::WHITE
+                        } else {
+                            theme::INK_2
+                        },
+                    ))
+                    .fill(if selected {
+                        theme::BLUE
+                    } else {
+                        theme::SURFACE_2
+                    })
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(255))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(0.0, 28.0)),
+                );
+                if response.clicked() {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::TranslationToggleLanguage(
+                        language.to_string(),
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    });
+    ui.add_space(gap);
+
+    // Target language card
+    let target = vm.translation_target_language.clone();
+    let redundant = !target.is_empty()
+        && vm.translation_working_languages.len() == 1
+        && vm.translation_working_languages[0] == target;
+    let enabled = !target.is_empty() && !redundant;
+    translation_card(ui, card_width, |ui| {
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("翻译目标语言").size(13.0).strong());
+            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new(if enabled { "已启用" } else { "未启用" })
+                        .size(10.5)
+                        .strong()
+                        .color(if enabled { theme::BLUE } else { theme::INK_4 }),
+                );
+            });
+        });
+        ui.add_space(12.0);
+        ui.scope(|ui| {
+            let style = ui.style_mut();
+            style.visuals.menu_corner_radius = egui::CornerRadius::same(10);
+            style.spacing.button_padding = egui::vec2(10.0, 0.0);
+            style.spacing.icon_spacing = 8.0;
+            style.spacing.icon_width = 11.0;
+            for widget in [
+                &mut style.visuals.widgets.inactive,
+                &mut style.visuals.widgets.hovered,
+                &mut style.visuals.widgets.active,
+                &mut style.visuals.widgets.open,
+            ] {
+                widget.corner_radius = egui::CornerRadius::same(8);
+                widget.weak_bg_fill = theme::SURFACE;
+                widget.bg_fill = theme::SURFACE;
+                widget.bg_stroke = egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE);
+                widget.fg_stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::INK_2);
+            }
+            let mut selected_target = target.clone();
+            egui::ComboBox::from_id_salt("translation-target-language")
+                .width(360.0)
+                .height(32.0)
+                .truncate()
+                .icon(|ui, rect, visuals, _| {
+                    let center = rect.center();
+                    let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.1, visuals.fg_stroke.color);
+                    ui.painter()
+                        .line_segment([center + egui::vec2(-3.5, -1.5), center], stroke);
+                    ui.painter()
+                        .line_segment([center, center + egui::vec2(3.5, -1.5)], stroke);
+                })
+                .selected_text(if target.is_empty() {
+                    egui::RichText::new("不启用（Shift 按下不触发翻译）").color(theme::INK_4)
+                } else {
+                    egui::RichText::new(target.as_str()).color(theme::INK)
+                })
+                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                    if ui
+                        .selectable_label(
+                            selected_target.is_empty(),
+                            "不启用（Shift 按下不触发翻译）",
+                        )
+                        .clicked()
+                    {
+                        selected_target = String::new();
+                        ui.close();
+                    }
+                    for language in SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES {
+                        if ui
+                            .selectable_label(selected_target == language, language)
+                            .clicked()
+                        {
+                            selected_target = language.to_string();
+                            ui.close();
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+            if selected_target != target {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::TranslationSetTarget(selected_target));
+            }
+        });
+        ui.add_space(12.0);
+        ui.separator();
+        ui.add_space(12.0);
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.vertical(|ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("翻译风格").size(12.0).strong());
+                ui.add_space(2.0);
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new("自动继承“风格”页当前激活的风格包。")
+                        .size(11.5)
+                        .color(theme::INK_4),
+                );
+            });
+            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                let style_name = if let Some(pack) = vm.style_packs.get(vm.style_selected) {
+                    pack.name.as_str()
+                } else if vm.style_selected == usize::MAX {
+                    "原样保留"
+                } else {
+                    "轻度润色"
+                };
+                egui::Frame::new()
+                    .fill(theme::BLUE_SOFT)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(10))
+                    .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(9, 4))
+                    .show(ui, |ui| {
+                        ui.label(
+                            egui::RichText::new(style_name)
+                                .size(11.0)
+                                .strong()
+                                .color(theme::BLUE),
+                        );
+                    });
+            });
+        });
+        if redundant {
+            ui.add_space(10.0);
+            egui::Frame::new()
+                .fill(egui::Color32::from_rgba_unmultiplied(217, 119, 6, 20))
+                .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(
+                    0.5,
+                    egui::Color32::from_rgba_unmultiplied(217, 119, 6, 62),
+                ))
+                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(10))
+                .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(12, 8))
+                .show(ui, |ui| {
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new(
+                            "目标语言与唯一工作语言相同，按翻译快捷键不会触发翻译。",
+                        )
+                        .size(11.5)
+                        .color(egui::Color32::from_rgb(180, 103, 10)),
+                    );
+                });
+        }
+    });
+    ui.add_space(gap);
+
+    // Usage card
+    translation_card(ui, card_width, |ui| {
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new("使用方法").size(13.0).strong());
+        ui.add_space(10.0);
+        for (number, text) in [
+            ("1", "按右 Option 开始录音。"),
+            ("2", "再次按右 Option 停止录音。"),
+            ("3", "录音过程中按翻译快捷键切换到翻译模式。"),
+            ("4", "松开按键后，译文会自动插入当前应用。"),
+            ("5", "翻译模式会在胶囊顶部显示状态。"),
+        ] {
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new(format!("{number}."))
+                        .size(12.5)
+                        .color(theme::INK_3),
+                );
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(text).size(12.5).color(theme::INK_2));
+            });
+            ui.add_space(4.0);
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+// ── Vocab helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+fn vocab_card(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    width: f32,
+    title: &str,
+    desc: &str,
+    open: &mut bool,
+    contents: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui),
+) {
+    let frame = egui::Frame::new()
+        .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+        .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(14))
+        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(17));
+    frame.show(ui, |ui| {
+        ui.set_width(width - 34.0);
+        let header = ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            let (arrow_rect, response) =
+                ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(20.0, 24.0), egui::Sense::click());
+            let arrow_stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.4, theme::INK_4);
+            let center = arrow_rect.center();
+            if *open {
+                ui.painter().line_segment(
+                    [
+                        center + egui::vec2(-4.0, -2.0),
+                        center + egui::vec2(0.0, 2.0),
+                    ],
+                    arrow_stroke,
+                );
+                ui.painter().line_segment(
+                    [
+                        center + egui::vec2(0.0, 2.0),
+                        center + egui::vec2(4.0, -2.0),
+                    ],
+                    arrow_stroke,
+                );
+            } else {
+                ui.painter().line_segment(
+                    [
+                        center + egui::vec2(-2.0, -4.0),
+                        center + egui::vec2(2.0, 0.0),
+                    ],
+                    arrow_stroke,
+                );
+                ui.painter().line_segment(
+                    [
+                        center + egui::vec2(2.0, 0.0),
+                        center + egui::vec2(-2.0, 4.0),
+                    ],
+                    arrow_stroke,
+                );
+            }
+            if response.clicked() {
+                *open = !*open;
+            }
+            ui.vertical(|ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(title).size(13.0).strong());
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(desc).size(11.5).color(theme::INK_4));
+            });
+        });
+        let _ = header;
+        if *open {
+            ui.add_space(12.0);
+            contents(ui);
+        }
+    });
+    ui.add_space(12.0);
+}
+
+fn correction_chip(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, enabled: bool) -> (bool, bool) {
+    let fill = if enabled {
+        theme::SURFACE
+    } else {
+        theme::SURFACE_2
+    };
+    let text_color = if enabled { theme::INK } else { theme::INK_4 };
+    let text_galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(
+        label.to_owned(),
+        egui::FontId::proportional(12.5),
+        text_color,
+    );
+    let close_size = 22.0;
+    let width = 12.0 + text_galley.size().x + 8.0 + close_size + 10.0;
+    let (rect, response) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, 32.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    let painter = ui.painter();
+    painter.rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(16), fill);
+    painter.rect_stroke(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(16),
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.6, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    painter.galley(
+        egui::pos2(
+            rect.left() + 12.0,
+            rect.center().y - text_galley.size().y / 2.0,
+        ),
+        text_galley,
+        text_color,
+    );
+
+    let close_rect = egui::Rect::from_center_size(
+        egui::pos2(rect.right() - 10.0 - close_size / 2.0, rect.center().y),
+        egui::vec2(close_size, close_size),
+    );
+    painter.circle_filled(close_rect.center(), close_size / 2.0, theme::SURFACE_2);
+    painter.circle_stroke(
+        close_rect.center(),
+        close_size / 2.0,
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.5, theme::LINE),
+    );
+    let center = close_rect.center();
+    let x_stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.1, theme::INK_4);
+    painter.line_segment(
+        [
+            center + egui::vec2(-3.0, -3.0),
+            center + egui::vec2(3.0, 3.0),
+        ],
+        x_stroke,
+    );
+    painter.line_segment(
+        [
+            center + egui::vec2(3.0, -3.0),
+            center + egui::vec2(-3.0, 3.0),
+        ],
+        x_stroke,
+    );
+
+    if response.clicked() {
+        if response
+            .interact_pointer_pos()
+            .is_some_and(|pointer| close_rect.contains(pointer))
+        {
+            return (false, true);
+        }
+        return (true, false);
+    }
+    (false, false)
+}
+
+fn vocab_chip(ui: &mut egui::Ui, entry: &super::view_model::VocabEntry) -> (bool, bool) {
+    let fill = if entry.enabled && entry.hits > 0 {
+        theme::BLUE_SOFT
+    } else if entry.enabled {
+        theme::SURFACE
+    } else {
+        theme::SURFACE_2
+    };
+    let text_color = if entry.enabled {
+        theme::INK
+    } else {
+        theme::INK_4
+    };
+    let phrase_galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(
+        entry.phrase.clone(),
+        egui::FontId::proportional(13.0),
+        text_color,
+    );
+    let hits_text = entry.hits.to_string();
+    let hits_color = if entry.enabled && entry.hits > 0 {
+        theme::SURFACE
+    } else {
+        theme::INK_4
+    };
+    let hits_galley =
+        ui.painter()
+            .layout_no_wrap(hits_text, egui::FontId::proportional(11.0), hits_color);
+    let hits_size = egui::vec2((hits_galley.size().x + 12.0).max(24.0), 22.0);
+    let close_size = 22.0;
+    let width = 12.0 + phrase_galley.size().x + 8.0 + hits_size.x + 6.0 + close_size + 10.0;
+    let (rect, response) = ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(width, 32.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    let painter = ui.painter();
+    painter.rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(16), fill);
+    painter.rect_stroke(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(16),
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.6, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    painter.galley(
+        egui::pos2(
+            rect.left() + 12.0,
+            rect.center().y - phrase_galley.size().y / 2.0,
+        ),
+        phrase_galley,
+        text_color,
+    );
+
+    let close_rect = egui::Rect::from_center_size(
+        egui::pos2(rect.right() - 10.0 - close_size / 2.0, rect.center().y),
+        egui::vec2(close_size, close_size),
+    );
+    let hits_rect = egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+        egui::pos2(
+            close_rect.left() - 6.0 - hits_size.x,
+            rect.center().y - hits_size.y / 2.0,
+        ),
+        hits_size,
+    );
+    painter.rect_filled(
+        hits_rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(5),
+        if entry.enabled && entry.hits > 0 {
+            theme::BLUE
+        } else {
+            egui::Color32::from_rgba_unmultiplied(0, 0, 0, 15)
+        },
+    );
+    painter.galley(
+        egui::pos2(
+            hits_rect.center().x - hits_galley.size().x / 2.0,
+            hits_rect.center().y - hits_galley.size().y / 2.0,
+        ),
+        hits_galley,
+        hits_color,
+    );
+    painter.circle_filled(close_rect.center(), close_size / 2.0, theme::SURFACE_2);
+    painter.circle_stroke(
+        close_rect.center(),
+        close_size / 2.0,
+        egui::Stroke::new(0.5, theme::LINE),
+    );
+    let center = close_rect.center();
+    let x_stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.1, theme::INK_4);
+    painter.line_segment(
+        [
+            center + egui::vec2(-3.0, -3.0),
+            center + egui::vec2(3.0, 3.0),
+        ],
+        x_stroke,
+    );
+    painter.line_segment(
+        [
+            center + egui::vec2(3.0, -3.0),
+            center + egui::vec2(-3.0, 3.0),
+        ],
+        x_stroke,
+    );
+
+    if response.clicked() {
+        if response
+            .interact_pointer_pos()
+            .is_some_and(|pointer| close_rect.contains(pointer))
+        {
+            return (false, true);
+        }
+        return (true, false);
+    }
+    (false, false)
+}
+
+// ── Style helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+enum StyleCardAction {
+    None,
+    Activate,
+    Export,
+    Edit,
+}
+
+fn style_pack_card(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    size: egui::Vec2,
+    index: usize,
+    selected: usize,
+    name: &str,
+    description: &str,
+    tags: &[String],
+    accent: egui::Color32,
+    is_active: bool,
+    is_builtin: bool,
+) -> StyleCardAction {
+    let active = is_active || selected == index;
+    let (rect, response) = ui.allocate_exact_size(size, egui::Sense::hover());
+    ui.painter().rect_filled(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(14),
+        if active || response.hovered() {
+            theme::BLUE_SOFT
+        } else {
+            theme::SURFACE
+        },
+    );
+    ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(14),
+        egui::Stroke::new(
+            if active { 1.5 } else { 1.0 },
+            if active { theme::BLUE } else { theme::LINE },
+        ),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    let inner = rect.shrink(16.0);
+    let mut action = StyleCardAction::None;
+    let mut card_ui = ui.new_child(
+        egui::UiBuilder::new()
+            .max_rect(inner)
+            .layout(egui::Layout::top_down(egui::Align::Min)),
+    );
+    let ui = &mut card_ui;
+    ui.style_mut().interaction.selectable_labels = false;
+    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+        ui.label(
+            egui::RichText::new(name)
+                .size(14.0)
+                .strong()
+                .color(theme::INK),
+        );
+        ui.add_space(8.0);
+        if is_builtin {
+            egui::Frame::new()
+                .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.7, accent))
+                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(7, 3))
+                .show(ui, |ui| {
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new("内置").size(10.5).color(accent));
+                });
+        }
+        if active {
+            ui.add_space(4.0);
+            egui::Frame::new()
+                .fill(theme::INK)
+                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(7, 3))
+                .show(ui, |ui| {
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new("当前")
+                            .size(10.5)
+                            .strong()
+                            .color(theme::SURFACE),
+                    );
+                });
+        }
+    });
+    ui.add_space(9.0);
+    let description_width = ui.available_width();
+    ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(
+        egui::vec2(description_width, 48.0),
+        egui::Layout::top_down(egui::Align::Min),
+        |ui| {
+            ui.add(
+                egui::Label::new(
+                    egui::RichText::new(truncate_text(description, 96))
+                        .size(11.5)
+                        .color(theme::INK_3),
+                )
+                .wrap(),
+            );
+        },
+    );
+    ui.add_space(9.0);
+    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+        ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 6.0;
+        for (tag_index, tag) in tags.iter().enumerate() {
+            egui::Frame::new()
+                .fill(if tag_index == 0 {
+                    theme::BLUE_SOFT
+                } else {
+                    theme::SURFACE_2
+                })
+                .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(
+                    0.5,
+                    if tag_index == 0 { accent } else { theme::LINE },
+                ))
+                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(7, 3))
+                .show(ui, |ui| {
+                    ui.label(
+                        egui::RichText::new(tag.as_str())
+                            .size(10.5)
+                            .color(if tag_index == 0 { accent } else { theme::INK_3 }),
+                    );
+                });
+        }
+    });
+    ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::bottom_up(egui::Align::Min), |ui| {
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.x = 6.0;
+            let activate = ui.add_enabled(
+                !active,
+                egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("激活").size(10.5))
+                    .fill(if active { theme::INK } else { theme::BLUE })
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::NONE)
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(7))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(64.0, 24.0)),
+            );
+            if activate.clicked() {
+                action = StyleCardAction::Activate;
+            }
+            let export = ui.add(
+                egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("导出").size(10.5))
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.7, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(7))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(64.0, 24.0)),
+            );
+            if export.clicked() {
+                action = StyleCardAction::Export;
+            }
+            let edit = ui.add_enabled(
+                false,
+                egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("编辑").size(10.5))
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.7, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(7))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(64.0, 24.0)),
+            );
+            if edit.clicked() {
+                action = StyleCardAction::Edit;
+            }
+        });
+    });
+    action
+}
+
+fn new_style_pack_card(ui: &mut egui::Ui, size: egui::Vec2) -> bool {
+    let (rect, response) = ui.allocate_exact_size(size, egui::Sense::click());
+    ui.painter().rect_filled(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(14),
+        if response.hovered() {
+            theme::SURFACE_2
+        } else {
+            theme::SURFACE
+        },
+    );
+    ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+        rect,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(14),
+        egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+    let center = rect.center() - egui::vec2(0.0, 20.0);
+    ui.painter().circle_filled(center, 22.0, theme::SURFACE_2);
+    let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.5, theme::BLUE);
+    ui.painter().line_segment(
+        [center - egui::vec2(8.0, 0.0), center + egui::vec2(8.0, 0.0)],
+        stroke,
+    );
+    ui.painter().line_segment(
+        [center - egui::vec2(0.0, 8.0), center + egui::vec2(0.0, 8.0)],
+        stroke,
+    );
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.center() + egui::vec2(0.0, 22.0),
+        egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER,
+        "新建风格包",
+        egui::FontId::proportional(14.0),
+        theme::INK_2,
+    );
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.center() + egui::vec2(0.0, 45.0),
+        egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER,
+        "从模板开始创建自己的风格",
+        egui::FontId::proportional(11.0),
+        theme::INK_4,
+    );
+    response.clicked()
+}
+
+pub fn style_editor_overlay(
+    ctx: &egui::Context,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    if !vm.style_editor_open {
+        return;
+    }
+    let mut open = true;
+    egui::Window::new("编辑风格包")
+        .open(&mut open)
+        .collapsible(false)
+        .resizable(true)
+        .default_width(620.0)
+        .default_height(520.0)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            let style_name = if let Some(pack) = vm.style_packs.get(vm.style_selected) {
+                pack.name.clone()
+            } else {
+                "新风格包".into()
+            };
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(style_name).size(18.0).strong());
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new(
+                    "修改提示词后保存，下一次润色将使用新的规则。双击风格卡即可打开此编辑器。",
+                )
+                .size(11.5)
+                .color(theme::INK_3),
+            );
+            ui.add_space(14.0);
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("风格描述").size(12.0).strong());
+                ui.add(
+                    egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut vm.style_prompt)
+                        .hint_text("简短描述这个风格的使用场景")
+                        .desired_width(390.0),
+                );
+            });
+            ui.add_space(10.0);
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new("润色提示词").size(12.0).strong());
+            ui.add(
+                egui::TextEdit::multiline(&mut vm.style_prompt)
+                    .desired_rows(14)
+                    .desired_width(f32::INFINITY),
+            );
+            ui.add_space(10.0);
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                if ui
+                    .add(
+                        egui::Button::new("保存")
+                            .fill(theme::BLUE)
+                            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(7)),
+                    )
+                    .clicked()
+                {
+                    let prompt = vm.style_prompt.clone();
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::StyleSaveEditor(prompt));
+                    vm.style_editor_open = false;
+                }
+                if ui.button("恢复默认").clicked() {
+                    vm.style_notice = Some("已恢复默认提示词（演示）".into());
+                }
+                if ui.button("取消").clicked() {
+                    vm.style_editor_open = false;
+                }
+            });
+        });
+    if !open {
+        vm.style_editor_open = false;
+    }
+}
+
+// ── Translation helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+fn translation_card(ui: &mut egui::Ui, width: f32, contents: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui)) {
+    egui::Frame::new()
+        .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+        .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(14))
+        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(17))
+        .show(ui, |ui| {
+            ui.set_width((width - 34.0).max(1.0));
+            contents(ui);
+        });
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/settings.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/settings.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c72130187
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/settings.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,1064 @@
+use eframe::egui;
+
+use super::theme;
+use super::view_model::{
+    FrontendAction, FrontendViewModel, SettingsActionField, SettingsComboField, SettingsField,
+    SettingsSection, SettingsTextField,
+};
+
+const RAIL_WIDTH: f32 = 198.0;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+enum SettingsIcon {
+    Settings,
+    Cloud,
+    Shield,
+    Bolt,
+    Info,
+    Help,
+    Document,
+    External,
+}
+
+impl SettingsSection {
+    fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::General => "通用",
+            Self::Services => "服务",
+            Self::Privacy => "隐私",
+            Self::Advanced => "高级",
+            Self::About => "关于",
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn icon(self) -> SettingsIcon {
+        match self {
+            Self::General => SettingsIcon::Settings,
+            Self::Services => SettingsIcon::Cloud,
+            Self::Privacy => SettingsIcon::Shield,
+            Self::Advanced => SettingsIcon::Bolt,
+            Self::About => SettingsIcon::Info,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Paint the in-window settings modal. Returns true when the caller should
+/// close it. Actions are pushed into the provided vec.
+pub fn settings_overlay(
+    ctx: &egui::Context,
+    vm: &mut FrontendViewModel,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+    body: egui::Rect,
+) {
+    let width = (body.width() - 56.0).min(900.0).max(680.0);
+    let height = (body.height() - 48.0).min(650.0).max(440.0);
+    let size = egui::vec2(
+        width.min(body.width() - 20.0),
+        height.min(body.height() - 20.0),
+    );
+    let pos = body.center() - size / 2.0;
+
+    // Backdrop
+    let backdrop_layer = egui::LayerId::new(
+        egui::Order::Foreground,
+        egui::Id::new("openless-settings-backdrop"),
+    );
+    ctx.layer_painter(backdrop_layer).rect_filled(
+        body,
+        egui::CornerRadius {
+            nw: 0,
+            ne: 0,
+            sw: 14,
+            se: 14,
+        },
+        egui::Color32::from_black_alpha(56),
+    );
+    // Input capture
+    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("openless-settings-backdrop-input"))
+        .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
+        .fixed_pos(body.min)
+        .default_size(body.size())
+        .constrain(false)
+        .interactable(true)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            ui.set_min_size(body.size());
+            ui.set_max_size(body.size());
+            let _ = ui.allocate_exact_size(body.size(), egui::Sense::click());
+        });
+
+    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("openless-settings-modal"))
+        .order(egui::Order::Tooltip)
+        .fixed_pos(pos)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            egui::Frame::new()
+                .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+                .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+                .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(14))
+                .shadow(egui::Shadow {
+                    offset: [0, 12],
+                    blur: 28,
+                    spread: 0,
+                    color: egui::Color32::from_black_alpha(42),
+                })
+                .show(ui, |ui| {
+                    ui.set_min_size(size);
+                    ui.set_max_size(size);
+                    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(
+                            egui::vec2(RAIL_WIDTH, size.y),
+                            egui::Layout::top_down(egui::Align::Min),
+                            |ui| rail(ui, vm, actions),
+                        );
+                        ui.separator();
+                        ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(
+                            egui::vec2((size.x - RAIL_WIDTH - 1.0).max(0.0), size.y),
+                            egui::Layout::top_down(egui::Align::Min),
+                            |ui| {
+                                panel(ui, vm, actions);
+                            },
+                        );
+                    });
+                });
+        });
+}
+
+fn rail(ui: &mut egui::Ui, vm: &mut FrontendViewModel, actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>) {
+    egui::Frame::NONE
+        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(12, 18))
+        .show(ui, |ui| {
+            for section in [
+                SettingsSection::General,
+                SettingsSection::Services,
+                SettingsSection::Privacy,
+                SettingsSection::Advanced,
+                SettingsSection::About,
+            ] {
+                let active = vm.settings_section == section;
+                let response = rail_item(ui, section.label(), section.icon(), active);
+                if response.clicked() {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsSection(section));
+                }
+            }
+            ui.add_space(14.0);
+            ui.separator();
+            ui.add_space(7.0);
+            for (label, icon, message) in [
+                (
+                    "帮助中心",
+                    SettingsIcon::Help,
+                    "帮助中心将在 egui 外链桥接完成后打开",
+                ),
+                (
+                    "发布日志",
+                    SettingsIcon::Document,
+                    "发布日志将在 egui 外链桥接完成后打开",
+                ),
+            ] {
+                let response = rail_item(ui, label, icon, false);
+                let row = response.rect;
+                draw_rail_icon(
+                    ui,
+                    egui::pos2(row.right() - 14.0, row.center().y),
+                    SettingsIcon::External,
+                    theme::INK_4,
+                );
+                if response.clicked() {
+                    vm.settings_notice = Some(message.into());
+                }
+            }
+        });
+}
+
+fn rail_item(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, icon: SettingsIcon, active: bool) -> egui::Response {
+    let (rect, response) =
+        ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(ui.available_width(), 34.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    if active {
+        ui.painter()
+            .rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(8), theme::SURFACE_2);
+    }
+    let color = if active { theme::INK } else { theme::INK_3 };
+    let icon_center = egui::pos2(rect.left() + 17.0, rect.center().y);
+    draw_rail_icon(ui, icon_center, icon, color);
+    ui.painter().text(
+        egui::pos2(rect.left() + 34.0, rect.center().y),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        label,
+        egui::FontId::proportional(13.0),
+        color,
+    );
+    response
+}
+
+fn draw_rail_icon(ui: &egui::Ui, center: egui::Pos2, icon: SettingsIcon, color: egui::Color32) {
+    let painter = ui.painter();
+    let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.35, color);
+    let point = |x: f32, y: f32| center + egui::vec2(x, y);
+    match icon {
+        SettingsIcon::Settings => {
+            painter.circle_stroke(center, 4.2, stroke);
+            for angle in [
+                0.0,
+                std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4,
+                std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2,
+                3.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4,
+                std::f32::consts::PI,
+                5.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4,
+                3.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2,
+                7.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4,
+            ] {
+                let direction = egui::vec2(angle.cos(), angle.sin());
+                painter.line_segment([center + direction * 5.0, center + direction * 7.0], stroke);
+            }
+        }
+        SettingsIcon::Cloud => {
+            painter.circle_stroke(point(-2.6, 0.0), 4.2, stroke);
+            painter.circle_stroke(point(2.7, -2.1), 4.0, stroke);
+            painter.circle_stroke(point(5.5, 1.0), 3.4, stroke);
+            painter.line_segment([point(-6.0, 4.0), point(5.7, 4.0)], stroke);
+            painter.line_segment([point(-6.0, 4.0), point(-6.0, 2.0)], stroke);
+            painter.line_segment([point(5.7, 4.0), point(6.8, 2.0)], stroke);
+        }
+        SettingsIcon::Shield => {
+            painter.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [
+                    point(0.0, 8.0),
+                    point(6.0, 5.0),
+                    point(6.0, -4.0),
+                    point(0.0, -7.0),
+                    point(-6.0, -4.0),
+                    point(-6.0, 5.0),
+                    point(0.0, 8.0),
+                ]
+                .to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+        }
+        SettingsIcon::Bolt => {
+            painter.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [
+                    point(1.0, -8.0),
+                    point(-5.0, 1.0),
+                    point(1.0, 1.0),
+                    point(-1.0, 8.0),
+                    point(6.0, -1.0),
+                    point(1.0, -1.0),
+                    point(1.0, -8.0),
+                ]
+                .to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+        }
+        SettingsIcon::Info => {
+            painter.circle_stroke(center, 8.0, stroke);
+            painter.line_segment([point(0.0, -1.0), point(0.0, 5.0)], stroke);
+            painter.circle_filled(point(0.0, -4.0), 0.8, color);
+        }
+        SettingsIcon::Help => {
+            painter.circle_stroke(center, 8.0, stroke);
+            painter.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [
+                    point(-2.2, -2.3),
+                    point(-1.2, -4.0),
+                    point(1.2, -4.0),
+                    point(2.2, -2.2),
+                    point(0.4, 0.0),
+                    point(0.4, 2.0),
+                ]
+                .to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+            painter.circle_filled(point(0.4, 5.0), 0.75, color);
+        }
+        SettingsIcon::Document => {
+            painter.rect_stroke(
+                egui::Rect::from_center_size(
+                    center + egui::vec2(-1.0, 0.0),
+                    egui::vec2(12.0, 16.0),
+                ),
+                egui::CornerRadius::same(1),
+                stroke,
+                egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+            );
+            painter.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [point(1.0, -8.0), point(1.0, -3.0), point(6.0, -3.0)].to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+        }
+        SettingsIcon::External => {
+            painter.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                vec![
+                    point(-5.0, 4.0),
+                    point(-5.0, 7.0),
+                    point(4.0, 7.0),
+                    point(4.0, -2.0),
+                    point(1.0, -2.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            ));
+            painter.line_segment([point(-1.0, 3.0), point(7.0, -5.0)], stroke);
+            painter.add(egui::Shape::line(
+                [point(3.0, -5.0), point(7.0, -5.0), point(7.0, -1.0)].to_vec(),
+                stroke,
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn panel(ui: &mut egui::Ui, vm: &mut FrontendViewModel, actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>) {
+    egui::Frame::NONE
+        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(24, 16))
+        .show(ui, |ui| {
+            {
+                let style = ui.style_mut();
+                style.visuals.menu_corner_radius = egui::CornerRadius::same(10);
+                for widget in [
+                    &mut style.visuals.widgets.inactive,
+                    &mut style.visuals.widgets.hovered,
+                    &mut style.visuals.widgets.active,
+                    &mut style.visuals.widgets.open,
+                ] {
+                    widget.corner_radius = egui::CornerRadius::same(8);
+                    widget.bg_stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE);
+                }
+            }
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new(vm.settings_section.label())
+                        .size(22.0)
+                        .strong()
+                        .color(theme::INK),
+                );
+                ui.add_space(ui.available_width() - 38.0);
+                if ui
+                    .add(
+                        egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new("×").size(22.0).color(theme::INK_3))
+                            .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+                            .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.7, theme::LINE))
+                            .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                            .min_size(egui::vec2(30.0, 30.0)),
+                    )
+                    .clicked()
+                {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::CloseSettings);
+                }
+            });
+            if let Some(notice) = &vm.settings_notice {
+                ui.add_space(4.0);
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(notice).size(11.0).color(theme::BLUE));
+            }
+            ui.add_space(8.0);
+            egui::ScrollArea::vertical()
+                .id_salt("openless-settings-content")
+                .auto_shrink([false, false])
+                .show(ui, |ui| match vm.settings_section {
+                    SettingsSection::General => general(ui, vm, actions),
+                    SettingsSection::Services => services(ui, vm, actions),
+                    SettingsSection::Privacy => privacy(ui, vm, actions),
+                    SettingsSection::Advanced => advanced(ui, vm, actions),
+                    SettingsSection::About => about(ui, vm, actions),
+                });
+        });
+}
+
+fn general(ui: &mut egui::Ui, vm: &mut FrontendViewModel, actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>) {
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "录音与输入",
+        "全局录音的快捷键与触发方式。",
+        |ui| {
+            text_row(ui, "录音快捷键", "右 Option");
+            combo_bool_row(
+                ui,
+                "录音方式",
+                vm.settings.realtime_mode,
+                &["切换式", "按住说话"],
+                || {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(SettingsField::RealtimeMode));
+                },
+            );
+            combo_index_row(
+                ui,
+                "麦克风",
+                vm.settings.provider,
+                &["系统默认", "内置麦克风", "外接麦克风"],
+                |val| {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsCombo(
+                        SettingsComboField::Provider,
+                        val,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+            toggle_row(
+                ui,
+                "自动插入光标位置",
+                vm.settings.recording_enabled,
+                || {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                        SettingsField::RecordingEnabled,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+            toggle_row(ui, "流式插入", vm.settings.streaming_insert, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                    SettingsField::StreamingInsert,
+                ));
+            });
+            toggle_row(ui, "录音时静音", vm.settings.selection_voice, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                    SettingsField::SelectionVoice,
+                ));
+            });
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "插入与剪贴板",
+        "识别结果如何回到当前光标位置。",
+        |ui| {
+            toggle_row(ui, "恢复剪贴板", vm.settings.restore_clipboard, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                    SettingsField::RestoreClipboard,
+                ));
+            });
+            text_row(ui, "模拟粘贴快捷键", "Ctrl V");
+            toggle_row(
+                ui,
+                "流式结果保存剪贴板",
+                vm.settings.streaming_insert,
+                || {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                        SettingsField::StreamingInsert,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "布局",
+        "让浮层和内容更适合你的工作方式。",
+        |ui| {
+            toggle_row(ui, "堆叠设置行", vm.settings.stacked_layout, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(SettingsField::StackedLayout));
+            });
+            toggle_row(ui, "紧凑布局", vm.settings.conservative_layout, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                    SettingsField::ConservativeLayout,
+                ));
+            });
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "远程输入",
+        "通过局域网接收来自其他设备的输入。",
+        |ui| {
+            toggle_row(ui, "启用远程输入", vm.settings.remote_input, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(SettingsField::RemoteInput));
+            });
+            text_row(ui, "监听端口", &vm.settings.remote_port);
+            combo_index_row(
+                ui,
+                "默认模式",
+                vm.settings.provider,
+                &["润色", "原文", "翻译"],
+                |val| {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsCombo(
+                        SettingsComboField::Provider,
+                        val,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "快捷键",
+        "开始/停止、翻译、问答和风格切换。",
+        |ui| {
+            text_row(ui, "翻译", "⌥ T");
+            text_row(ui, "划词追问", "⌥ Q");
+            text_row(ui, "切换风格", "⌥ S");
+            text_row(ui, "唤起 OpenLess", "⌥ Space");
+            action_row(
+                ui,
+                "风格直达",
+                "添加快捷键",
+                vm.settings_notice.clone(),
+                actions,
+            );
+        },
+    );
+    card(ui, "主题", "外观与概览页显示选项。", |ui| {
+        combo_index_row(
+            ui,
+            "主题",
+            vm.settings.theme,
+            &["跟随系统", "浅色", "深色"],
+            |val| {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsCombo(
+                    SettingsComboField::Theme,
+                    val,
+                ));
+            },
+        );
+        toggle_row(
+            ui,
+            "显示活动热力图",
+            vm.settings.activity_heatmap,
+            || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                    SettingsField::ActivityHeatmap,
+                ));
+            },
+        );
+    });
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "界面语言",
+        "选择 OpenLess 使用的界面语言。",
+        |ui| {
+            combo_index_row(
+                ui,
+                "语言",
+                vm.settings.language,
+                &[
+                    "跟随系统",
+                    "简体中文",
+                    "繁体中文",
+                    "English",
+                    "日本語",
+                    "한국어",
+                ],
+                |val| {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsCombo(
+                        SettingsComboField::Language,
+                        val,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+        },
+    );
+    card(ui, "启动", "控制 OpenLess 启动时的行为。", |ui| {
+        toggle_row(
+            ui,
+            "启动时最小化",
+            vm.settings.start_minimized,
+            || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                    SettingsField::StartMinimized,
+                ));
+            },
+        );
+    });
+}
+
+fn services(ui: &mut egui::Ui, vm: &mut FrontendViewModel, actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>) {
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "AI 提供商",
+        "配置语音识别、润色与翻译所使用的服务。",
+        |ui| {
+            combo_index_row(
+                ui,
+                "当前提供商",
+                vm.settings.provider,
+                &["OpenAI 兼容", "百炼", "SiliconFlow", "本地服务"],
+                |val| {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsCombo(
+                        SettingsComboField::Provider,
+                        val,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+            let api_key = vm.settings.api_key.clone();
+            text_edit_row(ui, "API Key", &mut vm.settings.api_key, "sk-…", || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsText(
+                    SettingsTextField::ApiKey,
+                    api_key,
+                ));
+            });
+            let endpoint = vm.settings.endpoint.clone();
+            text_edit_row(
+                ui,
+                "服务地址",
+                &mut vm.settings.endpoint,
+                "https://…",
+                || {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsText(
+                        SettingsTextField::Endpoint,
+                        endpoint,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+            let model = vm.settings.model.clone();
+            text_edit_row(ui, "模型", &mut vm.settings.model, "模型名称", || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsText(
+                    SettingsTextField::Model,
+                    model,
+                ));
+            });
+            action_row(
+                ui,
+                "连接测试",
+                "测试配置",
+                Some("配置仅在当前运行期间保存".into()),
+                actions,
+            );
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "网络",
+        "网络请求的代理和连接选项。",
+        |ui| {
+            toggle_row(ui, "使用系统代理", vm.settings.system_proxy, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(SettingsField::SystemProxy));
+            });
+            toggle_row(ui, "失败时自动重试", vm.settings.auto_update, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(SettingsField::AutoUpdate));
+            });
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "扩展市场",
+        "浏览和安装风格包及输入扩展。",
+        |ui| {
+            toggle_row(
+                ui,
+                "启用扩展市场",
+                vm.settings.marketplace_enabled,
+                || {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                        SettingsField::MarketplaceEnabled,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+            action_row(ui, "已安装扩展", "管理扩展", None, actions);
+        },
+    );
+}
+
+fn privacy(ui: &mut egui::Ui, vm: &mut FrontendViewModel, actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>) {
+    egui::Frame::new()
+        .fill(theme::BLUE_SOFT)
+        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(10))
+        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(12, 10))
+        .show(ui, |ui| {
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("本地优先").strong().color(theme::BLUE));
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new(
+                        "设置和历史记录默认保存在本机，只有请求服务时才会发送内容。",
+                    )
+                    .size(11.5)
+                    .color(theme::INK_3),
+                );
+            });
+        });
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "权限",
+        "查看 OpenLess 使用麦克风、辅助功能和网络的权限。",
+        |ui| {
+            status_row(ui, "麦克风", "已授权", theme::OK);
+            status_row(ui, "辅助功能", "待检查", theme::INK_4);
+            status_row(ui, "键盘输入", "待检查", theme::INK_4);
+            action_row(ui, "权限管理", "打开系统设置", None, actions);
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "数据存储",
+        "控制历史记录、上下文和调试音频的保留方式。",
+        |ui| {
+            toggle_row(
+                ui,
+                "保存历史记录",
+                vm.settings.remember_history,
+                || {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                        SettingsField::RememberHistory,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+            combo_index_row(
+                ui,
+                "历史记录保留",
+                vm.settings.retention,
+                &["不限制", "最近 30 天", "最近 7 天", "不保存"],
+                |val| {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsCombo(
+                        SettingsComboField::Retention,
+                        val,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+            text_row(ui, "历史记录上限", "500 条");
+            action_row(
+                ui,
+                "数据管理",
+                "清空历史记录",
+                Some("清空操作将在数据桥接完成后执行".into()),
+                actions,
+            );
+        },
+    );
+}
+
+fn advanced(ui: &mut egui::Ui, vm: &mut FrontendViewModel, actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>) {
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "Less Computer",
+        "实验性的编码代理入口，仅 macOS 提供完整能力。",
+        |ui| {
+            toggle_row(
+                ui,
+                "启用 Less Computer",
+                vm.settings.less_computer,
+                || {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(SettingsField::LessComputer));
+                },
+            );
+            combo_index_row(
+                ui,
+                "权限模式",
+                vm.settings.retention,
+                &["接受编辑", "计划模式", "默认", "绕过权限"],
+                |val| {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsCombo(
+                        SettingsComboField::Retention,
+                        val,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+            text_row(ui, "工作目录", "当前项目");
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "Claude 控制台",
+        "检测 Claude CLI、MCP 和 computer use 状态。",
+        |ui| {
+            action_row(
+                ui,
+                "检测状态",
+                "重新检测",
+                Some("未连接到 Claude CLI（占位）".into()),
+                actions,
+            );
+            action_row(
+                ui,
+                "控制台",
+                if vm.settings.claude_expanded {
+                    "收起控制台"
+                } else {
+                    "展开控制台"
+                },
+                None,
+                actions,
+            );
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "多模态管线",
+        "实验性的图片和音频上下文处理。",
+        |ui| {
+            toggle_row(ui, "启用多模态处理", vm.settings.multimodal, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(SettingsField::Multimodal));
+            });
+            text_row(ui, "处理方式", "跟随当前服务");
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "调试工具",
+        "导出诊断信息，帮助定位输入和插入问题。",
+        |ui| {
+            toggle_row(
+                ui,
+                "为调试保存录音",
+                vm.settings.record_audio,
+                || {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(SettingsField::RecordAudio));
+                },
+            );
+            toggle_row(
+                ui,
+                "记录光标探针",
+                vm.settings.conservative_layout,
+                || {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(
+                        SettingsField::ConservativeLayout,
+                    ));
+                },
+            );
+            action_row(ui, "诊断信息", "导出错误日志", None, actions);
+        },
+    );
+}
+
+fn about(ui: &mut egui::Ui, vm: &mut FrontendViewModel, actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>) {
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "OpenLess",
+        "版本信息、更新渠道与项目链接。",
+        |ui| {
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new("OpenLess").size(17.0).strong());
+                ui.label(
+                    egui::RichText::new(format!("{}-Beta", vm.version))
+                        .size(12.0)
+                        .color(theme::INK_3),
+                );
+            });
+            action_row(
+                ui,
+                "正式版更新",
+                "检查更新",
+                Some("当前已是最新版本（占位）".into()),
+                actions,
+            );
+            toggle_row(ui, "加入 Beta 渠道", vm.settings.beta_channel, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(SettingsField::BetaChannel));
+            });
+            toggle_row(ui, "自动检查更新", vm.settings.auto_update, || {
+                actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsToggle(SettingsField::AutoUpdate));
+            });
+        },
+    );
+    card(
+        ui,
+        "文档与反馈",
+        "获取帮助、查看源码或提交问题。",
+        |ui| {
+            for (label, action) in [
+                ("GitHub", "打开 GitHub"),
+                ("文档", "打开帮助中心"),
+                ("发行说明", "打开发行说明"),
+                ("反馈", "打开问题反馈"),
+            ] {
+                action_row(ui, label, action, None, actions);
+            }
+            text_row(ui, "QQ群", "1078960553");
+            action_row(ui, "QQ群", "复制群号", Some("复制操作占位".into()), actions);
+        },
+    );
+}
+
+// ── Card & row helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+fn card(ui: &mut egui::Ui, title: &str, description: &str, contents: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui)) {
+    egui::Frame::new()
+        .fill(theme::SURFACE)
+        .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE))
+        .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(10))
+        .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(14, 12))
+        .show(ui, |ui| {
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new(title)
+                    .size(14.0)
+                    .strong()
+                    .color(theme::INK),
+            )
+            .on_hover_text(description);
+            ui.add_space(4.0);
+            contents(ui);
+        });
+    ui.add_space(10.0);
+}
+
+fn toggle_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, value: bool, on_toggle: impl FnOnce()) {
+    row(ui, label, |ui| {
+        let text = if value { "开" } else { "关" };
+        if ui
+            .add(
+                egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new(text).size(11.5))
+                    .fill(if value {
+                        theme::BLUE_SOFT
+                    } else {
+                        theme::SURFACE_2
+                    })
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(48.0, 26.0)),
+            )
+            .clicked()
+        {
+            on_toggle();
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+fn combo_index_row(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    label: &str,
+    value: usize,
+    options: &[&str],
+    on_change: impl FnOnce(usize),
+) {
+    row(ui, label, |ui| {
+        let mut selected = value;
+        egui::ComboBox::from_id_salt(("settings", label))
+            .selected_text(options.get(value).copied().unwrap_or("选择"))
+            .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                for (index, option) in options.iter().enumerate() {
+                    let response = ui.selectable_label(selected == index, *option);
+                    if response.clicked() {
+                        selected = index;
+                        ui.close();
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        if selected != value {
+            on_change(selected);
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+fn combo_bool_row(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    label: &str,
+    value: bool,
+    options: &[&str],
+    on_change: impl FnOnce(),
+) {
+    row(ui, label, |ui| {
+        let selected = if value {
+            options.first()
+        } else {
+            options.get(1)
+        };
+        let mut new_value = value;
+        egui::ComboBox::from_id_salt(("settings", label))
+            .selected_text(selected.copied().unwrap_or("选择"))
+            .show_ui(ui, |ui| {
+                for (index, option) in options.iter().enumerate() {
+                    let response = ui.selectable_label((index == 0) == value, *option);
+                    if response.clicked() {
+                        new_value = index == 0;
+                        ui.close();
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        if new_value != value {
+            on_change();
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+fn text_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, value: &str) {
+    row(ui, label, |ui| {
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(value).size(12.0).color(theme::INK_2));
+    });
+}
+
+fn text_edit_row(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    label: &str,
+    value: &mut String,
+    hint: &str,
+    _on_change: impl FnOnce(),
+) {
+    row(ui, label, |ui| {
+        ui.add(
+            egui::TextEdit::singleline(value)
+                .hint_text(hint)
+                .desired_width(ui.available_width().min(300.0)),
+        );
+    });
+}
+
+fn status_row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, status: &str, color: egui::Color32) {
+    row(ui, label, |ui| {
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(status).size(12.0).color(color));
+    });
+}
+
+fn action_row(
+    ui: &mut egui::Ui,
+    label: &str,
+    action: &str,
+    _notice: Option<String>,
+    actions: &mut Vec<FrontendAction>,
+) {
+    row(ui, label, |ui| {
+        if ui
+            .add(
+                egui::Button::new(egui::RichText::new(action).size(11.5))
+                    .fill(theme::SURFACE_2)
+                    .stroke(egui::Stroke::new(0.8, theme::LINE))
+                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(8))
+                    .min_size(egui::vec2(0.0, 26.0)),
+            )
+            .clicked()
+        {
+            // Map common action labels to specific action fields
+            match action {
+                "测试配置" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::ConnectionTest,
+                )),
+                "选择目录" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::ModelManagement,
+                )),
+                "管理扩展" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::ExtensionManagement,
+                )),
+                "打开系统设置" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::Permissions,
+                )),
+                "清空历史记录" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::ClearHistory,
+                )),
+                "重新检测" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::ClaudeDetect,
+                )),
+                "展开控制台" | "收起控制台" => actions.push(
+                    FrontendAction::SettingsAction(SettingsActionField::ClaudeConsole),
+                ),
+                "执行" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::ClaudeRunTest,
+                )),
+                "导出错误日志" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::ExportDiagnostics,
+                )),
+                "检查更新" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::CheckUpdate,
+                )),
+                "打开 GitHub" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::OpenGitHub,
+                )),
+                "打开帮助中心" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::OpenHelp,
+                )),
+                "打开发行说明" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::OpenReleaseNotes,
+                )),
+                "打开问题反馈" => actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(
+                    SettingsActionField::OpenFeedback,
+                )),
+                "复制群号" => {
+                    actions.push(FrontendAction::SettingsAction(SettingsActionField::CopyQQ))
+                }
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+fn row(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, control: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui)) {
+    ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+        ui.set_min_height(32.0);
+        ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(
+            egui::vec2(176.0, 32.0),
+            egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::Center),
+            |ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).size(12.0).color(theme::INK_2));
+            },
+        );
+        control(ui);
+    });
+    ui.separator();
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/view_model.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/view_model.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4d7eb61cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/frontend/view_model.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,515 @@
+// ── Page / Tab ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Page {
+    #[default]
+    Overview,
+    History,
+    Vocab,
+    Style,
+    Marketplace,
+    SelectionAsk,
+    Translation,
+    Settings,
+}
+
+// ── FrontendAction ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Every user interaction the frontend can produce. The host
+/// (`OpenLessEguiApp`) drains these actions and dispatches them to existing
+/// Core / backend methods without duplicating the Core state machine.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub enum FrontendAction {
+    /// Navigate to a different page.
+    Navigate(Page),
+    /// Open / close the in-window settings overlay.
+    ToggleSettings,
+    /// Close the settings overlay (from the × button).
+    CloseSettings,
+    /// Marketplace search query changed.
+    MarketplaceSearch(String),
+    /// Marketplace sort mode changed.
+    MarketplaceSort(MarketplaceSort),
+    /// Marketplace refresh requested.
+    MarketplaceRefresh,
+    /// Marketplace "my packs" requested.
+    MarketplaceMyPacks,
+    /// Open marketplace pack detail.
+    MarketplaceDetail(usize),
+    /// Close marketplace detail modal.
+    MarketplaceCloseDetail,
+    /// Download marketplace pack ZIP.
+    MarketplaceDownload(usize),
+    /// Install marketplace pack.
+    MarketplaceInstall(usize),
+    /// Toggle marketplace pack like.
+    MarketplaceToggleLike(usize),
+    /// History search query changed.
+    HistorySearch(String),
+    /// History filter changed.
+    HistoryFilter(usize),
+    /// Select a history entry.
+    HistorySelect(usize),
+    /// Clear all history.
+    HistoryClear,
+    /// Refresh history list.
+    HistoryRefresh,
+    /// Play/pause history audio.
+    HistoryTogglePlay,
+    /// Repolish a history entry.
+    HistoryRepolish,
+    /// Delete a history entry.
+    HistoryDelete(usize),
+    /// Export history recording.
+    HistoryExport(usize),
+    /// Vocab entry added.
+    VocabAddPhrase(String),
+    /// Vocab entry removed.
+    VocabRemovePhrase(usize),
+    /// Vocab entry toggled enabled/disabled.
+    VocabTogglePhrase(usize),
+    /// Correction rule added.
+    VocabAddRule {
+        pattern: String,
+        replacement: String,
+    },
+    /// Correction rule removed.
+    VocabRemoveRule(usize),
+    /// Correction rule toggled.
+    VocabToggleRule(usize),
+    /// Vocab preset applied.
+    VocabApplyPreset(usize),
+    /// Vocab preset created.
+    VocabCreatePreset {
+        name: String,
+        phrases: String,
+    },
+    /// Style pack activated.
+    StyleActivate(usize),
+    /// Style pack exported.
+    StyleExport(usize),
+    /// Style pack editor opened.
+    StyleEdit(usize),
+    /// Style editor prompt saved.
+    StyleSaveEditor(String),
+    /// Style editor closed.
+    StyleCloseEditor,
+    /// New style pack creation requested.
+    StyleNewPack,
+    /// Import style ZIP.
+    StyleImport,
+    /// Selection ask history toggle.
+    SelectionAskToggleHistory,
+    /// Translation working language toggled.
+    TranslationToggleLanguage(String),
+    /// Translation target language changed.
+    TranslationSetTarget(String),
+    /// Settings toggle changed.
+    SettingsToggle(SettingsField),
+    /// Settings combo index changed.
+    SettingsCombo(SettingsComboField, usize),
+    /// Settings text field changed.
+    SettingsText(SettingsTextField, String),
+    /// Settings action button clicked.
+    SettingsAction(SettingsActionField),
+    /// Settings section changed.
+    SettingsSection(SettingsSection),
+    /// Settings notice message.
+    SettingsNotice(String),
+    /// Window close requested.
+    WindowClose,
+    /// Window maximize/minimize toggle.
+    WindowMaximize,
+    /// Window minimize.
+    WindowMinimize,
+    /// Sidebar group toggle.
+    SidebarToggleStyle,
+    SidebarToggleTools,
+}
+
+// ── Marketplace types ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum MarketplaceSort {
+    #[default]
+    Popular,
+    New,
+    Liked,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct MarketplacePack {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub version: String,
+    pub description: String,
+    pub mode: String,
+    pub author: String,
+    pub tags: Vec<String>,
+    pub likes: u32,
+    pub downloads: u32,
+    pub is_new: bool,
+}
+
+// ── Settings types ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum SettingsSection {
+    General,
+    Services,
+    Privacy,
+    Advanced,
+    About,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub enum SettingsField {
+    RecordingEnabled,
+    RealtimeMode,
+    StreamingInsert,
+    RestoreClipboard,
+    StartMinimized,
+    AutoUpdate,
+    RemoteInput,
+    SelectionAssistant,
+    SelectionVoice,
+    StackedLayout,
+    ConservativeLayout,
+    ActivityHeatmap,
+    SystemProxy,
+    LocalModel,
+    MarketplaceEnabled,
+    RememberHistory,
+    RecordAudio,
+    LessComputer,
+    Multimodal,
+    BetaChannel,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub enum SettingsComboField {
+    Provider,
+    Language,
+    Theme,
+    Retention,
+    Microphone,
+    RecordingMode,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub enum SettingsTextField {
+    ApiKey,
+    Endpoint,
+    Model,
+    RemotePort,
+    ClaudePrompt,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub enum SettingsActionField {
+    ConnectionTest,
+    ModelManagement,
+    ExtensionManagement,
+    Permissions,
+    ClearHistory,
+    ClaudeDetect,
+    ClaudeConsole,
+    ClaudeRunTest,
+    ExportDiagnostics,
+    CheckUpdate,
+    OpenGitHub,
+    OpenHelp,
+    OpenReleaseNotes,
+    OpenFeedback,
+    CopyQQ,
+}
+
+// ── Vocab types ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct VocabEntry {
+    pub phrase: String,
+    pub hits: usize,
+    pub enabled: bool,
+    pub learned: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct CorrectionRule {
+    pub pattern: String,
+    pub replacement: String,
+    pub enabled: bool,
+    pub learned: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct SavedVocabPreset {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub phrases: String,
+}
+
+// ── History types ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct HistoryEntry {
+    pub time: String,
+    pub text: String,
+    pub duration: String,
+    pub tag: String,
+}
+
+// ── Style types ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct StylePack {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub description: String,
+    pub tags: Vec<String>,
+    pub accent: egui::Color32,
+    pub is_builtin: bool,
+    pub is_active: bool,
+}
+
+// ── Overview types ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
+pub struct OverviewSummary {
+    pub asr_provider: String,
+    pub llm_provider: String,
+    pub asr_configured: bool,
+    pub llm_configured: bool,
+    pub chars_today: u64,
+    pub segments_today: usize,
+    pub duration_ms_today: u64,
+    pub avg_latency_ms: u64,
+    pub history_total: usize,
+    pub recent: Vec<OverviewRecentEntry>,
+    pub last_7_segments: u64,
+    pub last_30_segments: u64,
+    pub heatmap_weeks: Vec<[u32; 7]>,
+    pub heatmap_days: u32,
+    pub activity_days_total: usize,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
+pub struct OverviewRecentEntry {
+    pub created_at: String,
+    pub final_text: String,
+    pub duration_ms: Option<u64>,
+}
+
+// ── FrontendViewModel ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Pure display state for the egui frontend. Contains no mock data — every
+/// field is populated by the host (`OpenLessEguiApp`) from Core / backend
+/// sources. Unwired fields show empty / Loading / Unsupported states.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct FrontendViewModel {
+    pub active_page: Page,
+    pub style_open: bool,
+    pub tools_open: bool,
+    pub settings_open: bool,
+
+    // Overview
+    pub overview_loading: bool,
+    pub overview_error: Option<String>,
+    pub overview: Option<OverviewSummary>,
+
+    // History
+    pub history_query: String,
+    pub history_filter: usize,
+    pub history_selected: usize,
+    pub history_entries: Vec<HistoryEntry>,
+    pub history_cleared: bool,
+    pub history_repolished: bool,
+    pub history_audio_playing: bool,
+    pub history_style_picker_open: bool,
+
+    // Vocab
+    pub vocab_entries: Vec<VocabEntry>,
+    pub vocab_rules: Vec<CorrectionRule>,
+    pub vocab_input: String,
+    pub vocab_pattern: String,
+    pub vocab_replacement: String,
+    pub vocab_preset_name: String,
+    pub vocab_preset_phrases: String,
+    pub vocab_selected_presets: Vec<usize>,
+    pub vocab_editing_preset: Option<usize>,
+    pub vocab_saved_presets: Vec<SavedVocabPreset>,
+    pub vocab_presets_open: bool,
+    pub vocab_corrections_open: bool,
+    pub vocab_entries_open: bool,
+    pub vocab_error: Option<String>,
+    pub vocab_unsupported: bool,
+
+    // Style
+    pub style_packs: Vec<StylePack>,
+    pub style_selected: usize,
+    pub style_selection_workflow: bool,
+    pub style_editor_open: bool,
+    pub style_prompt: String,
+    pub style_notice: Option<String>,
+    pub style_unsupported: bool,
+
+    // Marketplace
+    pub marketplace_query: String,
+    pub marketplace_sort: MarketplaceSort,
+    pub marketplace_packs: Vec<MarketplacePack>,
+    pub marketplace_selected: Option<usize>,
+    pub marketplace_liked: Vec<usize>,
+    pub marketplace_notice: Option<String>,
+    pub marketplace_loading: bool,
+    pub marketplace_unsupported: bool,
+
+    // Settings
+    pub settings_section: SettingsSection,
+    pub settings_notice: Option<String>,
+    pub settings: SettingsFields,
+
+    // Selection ask
+    pub qa_save_history: bool,
+    pub selection_unsupported: bool,
+
+    // Translation
+    pub translation_working_languages: Vec<String>,
+    pub translation_target_language: String,
+    pub translation_unsupported: bool,
+
+    // Status bar
+    pub version: String,
+    pub status: String,
+}
+
+impl Default for FrontendViewModel {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            active_page: Page::Overview,
+            style_open: true,
+            tools_open: false,
+            settings_open: false,
+            overview_loading: true,
+            overview_error: None,
+            overview: None,
+            history_query: String::new(),
+            history_filter: 0,
+            history_selected: 0,
+            history_entries: Vec::new(),
+            history_cleared: false,
+            history_repolished: false,
+            history_audio_playing: false,
+            history_style_picker_open: false,
+            vocab_entries: Vec::new(),
+            vocab_rules: Vec::new(),
+            vocab_input: String::new(),
+            vocab_pattern: String::new(),
+            vocab_replacement: String::new(),
+            vocab_preset_name: String::new(),
+            vocab_preset_phrases: String::new(),
+            vocab_selected_presets: Vec::new(),
+            vocab_editing_preset: None,
+            vocab_saved_presets: Vec::new(),
+            vocab_presets_open: false,
+            vocab_corrections_open: false,
+            vocab_entries_open: true,
+            vocab_error: None,
+            vocab_unsupported: true,
+            style_packs: Vec::new(),
+            style_selected: 0,
+            style_selection_workflow: false,
+            style_editor_open: false,
+            style_prompt: String::new(),
+            style_notice: None,
+            style_unsupported: true,
+            marketplace_query: String::new(),
+            marketplace_sort: MarketplaceSort::Popular,
+            marketplace_packs: Vec::new(),
+            marketplace_selected: None,
+            marketplace_liked: Vec::new(),
+            marketplace_notice: None,
+            marketplace_loading: true,
+            marketplace_unsupported: true,
+            settings_section: SettingsSection::General,
+            settings_notice: None,
+            settings: SettingsFields::default(),
+            qa_save_history: false,
+            selection_unsupported: true,
+            translation_working_languages: Vec::new(),
+            translation_target_language: String::new(),
+            translation_unsupported: true,
+            version: env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION").to_string(),
+            status: String::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Mirror of the egui-frontend `SettingsState` fields, but with no default
+/// mock data. All values come from the host.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct SettingsFields {
+    pub recording_enabled: bool,
+    pub realtime_mode: bool,
+    pub streaming_insert: bool,
+    pub restore_clipboard: bool,
+    pub start_minimized: bool,
+    pub auto_update: bool,
+    pub remote_input: bool,
+    pub selection_assistant: bool,
+    pub selection_voice: bool,
+    pub stacked_layout: bool,
+    pub conservative_layout: bool,
+    pub activity_heatmap: bool,
+    pub system_proxy: bool,
+    pub local_model: bool,
+    pub marketplace_enabled: bool,
+    pub remember_history: bool,
+    pub record_audio: bool,
+    pub less_computer: bool,
+    pub multimodal: bool,
+    pub beta_channel: bool,
+    pub claude_expanded: bool,
+    pub provider: usize,
+    pub language: usize,
+    pub theme: usize,
+    pub retention: usize,
+    pub api_key: String,
+    pub endpoint: String,
+    pub model: String,
+    pub remote_port: String,
+    pub claude_prompt: String,
+}
+
+impl Default for SettingsFields {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            recording_enabled: false,
+            realtime_mode: false,
+            streaming_insert: false,
+            restore_clipboard: false,
+            start_minimized: false,
+            auto_update: false,
+            remote_input: false,
+            selection_assistant: false,
+            selection_voice: false,
+            stacked_layout: false,
+            conservative_layout: false,
+            activity_heatmap: false,
+            system_proxy: false,
+            local_model: false,
+            marketplace_enabled: false,
+            remember_history: false,
+            record_audio: false,
+            less_computer: false,
+            multimodal: false,
+            beta_channel: false,
+            claude_expanded: false,
+            provider: 0,
+            language: 0,
+            theme: 0,
+            retention: 0,
+            api_key: String::new(),
+            endpoint: String::new(),
+            model: String::new(),
+            remote_port: String::new(),
+            claude_prompt: String::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/mod.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8625bc5bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+pub mod frontend;
+pub mod shell;
+pub mod theme;
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/shell.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/shell.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8ee46c0e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/shell.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
+use eframe::egui;
+
+use openless_linux_egui::{tr_l10n, Lang};
+
+use super::theme;
+
+pub const SIDEBAR_WIDTH: f32 = 188.0;
+pub const TITLEBAR_HEIGHT: f32 = 38.0;
+const WINDOW_MARGIN: f32 = 6.0;
+const WINDOW_RADIUS: u8 = 14;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Page {
+    #[default]
+    Overview,
+    History,
+    Vocabulary,
+    Styles,
+    Marketplace,
+    Providers,
+    Assistant,
+}
+
+impl Page {
+    pub fn title(self, lang: Lang) -> &'static str {
+        let key = match self {
+            Self::Overview => "nav.overview",
+            Self::History => "nav.history",
+            Self::Vocabulary => "nav.vocab",
+            Self::Styles => "nav.styles",
+            Self::Marketplace => "nav.marketplace",
+            Self::Providers => "nav.providers",
+            Self::Assistant => "nav.assistant",
+        };
+        tr_l10n(lang, key)
+    }
+
+    pub fn nav_title(self, lang: Lang) -> &'static str {
+        if self == Self::Providers {
+            tr_l10n(lang, "nav.settings")
+        } else {
+            self.title(lang)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+enum IconName {
+    Overview,
+    History,
+    Vocabulary,
+    Style,
+    Tools,
+    Settings,
+}
+
+fn window_rect(ctx: &egui::Context) -> egui::Rect {
+    ctx.content_rect().shrink(WINDOW_MARGIN)
+}
+
+fn body_rect(ctx: &egui::Context) -> egui::Rect {
+    let window = window_rect(ctx);
+    egui::Rect::from_min_max(window.min + egui::vec2(0.0, TITLEBAR_HEIGHT), window.max)
+}
+
+fn app_icon(ctx: &egui::Context) -> egui::TextureHandle {
+    let id = egui::Id::new("openless-shell-app-icon");
+    if let Some(texture) = ctx.data(|data| data.get_temp::<egui::TextureHandle>(id)) {
+        return texture;
+    }
+    let image = image::load_from_memory(include_bytes!("../../../public/AppIcon.png"))
+        .expect("OpenLess AppIcon.png must be valid")
+        .into_rgba8();
+    let color = egui::ColorImage::from_rgba_unmultiplied(
+        [image.width() as usize, image.height() as usize],
+        image.as_raw(),
+    );
+    let texture = ctx.load_texture("openless-app-icon", color, egui::TextureOptions::LINEAR);
+    ctx.data_mut(|data| data.insert_temp(id, texture.clone()));
+    texture
+}
+
+pub fn titlebar(ctx: &egui::Context) {
+    let window = window_rect(ctx);
+    let body = body_rect(ctx);
+    let painter = ctx.layer_painter(egui::LayerId::new(
+        egui::Order::Background,
+        egui::Id::new("openless-window-background"),
+    ));
+    painter.rect_filled(
+        window,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(WINDOW_RADIUS),
+        theme::SURFACE,
+    );
+    painter.rect_filled(
+        body,
+        egui::CornerRadius {
+            nw: 0,
+            ne: 0,
+            sw: WINDOW_RADIUS,
+            se: WINDOW_RADIUS,
+        },
+        theme::CANVAS,
+    );
+    painter.rect_stroke(
+        window,
+        egui::CornerRadius::same(WINDOW_RADIUS),
+        egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE),
+        egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+    );
+
+    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("openless-titlebar"))
+        .order(egui::Order::Middle)
+        .fixed_pos(window.min)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            ui.set_min_size(egui::vec2(window.width(), TITLEBAR_HEIGHT));
+            let titlebar = egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+                egui::Pos2::ZERO,
+                egui::vec2(window.width(), TITLEBAR_HEIGHT),
+            );
+            let drag = ui.interact(
+                titlebar,
+                ui.id().with("titlebar-drag"),
+                egui::Sense::click_and_drag(),
+            );
+            if drag.drag_started() {
+                ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::StartDrag);
+            }
+            let texture = app_icon(ctx);
+            ui.painter().image(
+                texture.id(),
+                egui::Rect::from_center_size(
+                    egui::pos2(16.0, TITLEBAR_HEIGHT / 2.0),
+                    egui::vec2(18.0, 18.0),
+                ),
+                egui::Rect::from_min_max(egui::Pos2::ZERO, egui::pos2(1.0, 1.0)),
+                egui::Color32::WHITE,
+            );
+            ui.painter().text(
+                egui::pos2(34.0, TITLEBAR_HEIGHT / 2.0 + 0.5),
+                egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+                "OpenLess",
+                egui::FontId::proportional(13.0),
+                theme::INK_2,
+            );
+
+            let button_width = 40.0;
+            let close = egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+                egui::pos2(titlebar.right() - button_width, 0.0),
+                titlebar.right_bottom(),
+            );
+            let maximize = close.translate(egui::vec2(-button_width, 0.0));
+            let minimize = maximize.translate(egui::vec2(-button_width, 0.0));
+            let close_response = ui.interact(close, ui.id().with("close"), egui::Sense::click());
+            let maximize_response =
+                ui.interact(maximize, ui.id().with("maximize"), egui::Sense::click());
+            let minimize_response =
+                ui.interact(minimize, ui.id().with("minimize"), egui::Sense::click());
+            if close_response.clicked() {
+                ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
+            }
+            if maximize_response.clicked() {
+                let maximized = ctx.input(|input| input.viewport().maximized.unwrap_or(false));
+                ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Maximized(!maximized));
+            }
+            if minimize_response.clicked() {
+                ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Minimized(true));
+            }
+            for (rect, response) in [
+                (minimize, &minimize_response),
+                (maximize, &maximize_response),
+                (close, &close_response),
+            ] {
+                if response.hovered() {
+                    ui.painter()
+                        .rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(6), theme::SURFACE_2);
+                }
+            }
+            let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::INK_3);
+            ui.painter().line_segment(
+                [
+                    minimize.center() - egui::vec2(5.0, 0.0),
+                    minimize.center() + egui::vec2(5.0, 0.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            ui.painter().rect_stroke(
+                maximize.shrink(14.0),
+                egui::CornerRadius::ZERO,
+                stroke,
+                egui::StrokeKind::Inside,
+            );
+            ui.painter().line_segment(
+                [
+                    close.center() - egui::vec2(5.0, 5.0),
+                    close.center() + egui::vec2(5.0, 5.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            ui.painter().line_segment(
+                [
+                    close.center() + egui::vec2(5.0, -5.0),
+                    close.center() + egui::vec2(-5.0, 5.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+        });
+}
+
+pub fn sidebar(ctx: &egui::Context, active: &mut Page, status: &str, lang: Lang) {
+    let body = body_rect(ctx);
+    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("openless-sidebar"))
+        .order(egui::Order::Middle)
+        .fixed_pos(body.min)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            ui.set_min_size(egui::vec2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH, body.height()));
+            ui.set_clip_rect(egui::Rect::from_min_size(
+                egui::Pos2::ZERO,
+                egui::vec2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH, body.height()),
+            ));
+            ui.painter().rect_filled(ui.max_rect(), 0.0, theme::SURFACE);
+            ui.painter().line_segment(
+                [
+                    egui::pos2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH, 0.0),
+                    egui::pos2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH, body.height()),
+                ],
+                egui::Stroke::new(1.0, theme::LINE),
+            );
+            egui::Frame::NONE
+                .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(10, 12))
+                .show(ui, |ui| {
+                    ui.set_width(SIDEBAR_WIDTH - 20.0);
+                    nav(ui, active, Page::Overview, IconName::Overview, lang);
+                    nav(ui, active, Page::History, IconName::History, lang);
+                    nav(ui, active, Page::Vocabulary, IconName::Vocabulary, lang);
+                    ui.add_space(5.0);
+                    group_label(ui, tr_l10n(lang, "nav.styles"), IconName::Style);
+                    subnav(ui, active, Page::Styles, lang);
+                    subnav(ui, active, Page::Marketplace, lang);
+                    ui.add_space(2.0);
+                    group_label(ui, tr_l10n(lang, "nav.assistant"), IconName::Tools);
+                    subnav(ui, active, Page::Assistant, lang);
+
+                    ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::bottom_up(egui::Align::Min), |ui| {
+                        nav(ui, active, Page::Providers, IconName::Settings, lang);
+                        ui.add_space(10.0);
+                        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                            ui.add_space(10.0);
+                            ui.vertical(|ui| {
+                                egui::Frame::new()
+                                    .fill(theme::BLUE_SOFT)
+                                    .corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(7))
+                                    .inner_margin(egui::Margin::symmetric(6, 2))
+                                    .show(ui, |ui| {
+                                        ui.label(
+                                            egui::RichText::new("BETA")
+                                                .size(9.5)
+                                                .strong()
+                                                .color(theme::BLUE),
+                                        );
+                                    });
+                                ui.add_space(3.0);
+                                ui.label(
+                                    egui::RichText::new(format!(
+                                        "{} · {}",
+                                        env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"),
+                                        status
+                                    ))
+                                    .size(10.5)
+                                    .color(theme::INK_4),
+                                );
+                            });
+                        });
+                    });
+                });
+        });
+}
+
+fn nav(ui: &mut egui::Ui, active: &mut Page, page: Page, icon: IconName, lang: Lang) {
+    let selected = *active == page;
+    let (rect, response) =
+        ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH - 20.0, 32.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    if selected {
+        ui.painter()
+            .rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(8), theme::SURFACE_2);
+    }
+    let color = if selected { theme::INK } else { theme::INK_3 };
+    draw_icon(ui, rect.min + egui::vec2(20.0, 16.0), icon, color);
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.min + egui::vec2(38.0, 16.0),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        page.nav_title(lang),
+        egui::FontId::proportional(13.0),
+        color,
+    );
+    if response.clicked() {
+        *active = page;
+    }
+}
+
+fn subnav(ui: &mut egui::Ui, active: &mut Page, page: Page, lang: Lang) {
+    let selected = *active == page;
+    let (rect, response) =
+        ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH - 20.0, 30.0), egui::Sense::click());
+    if selected {
+        ui.painter()
+            .rect_filled(rect, egui::CornerRadius::same(8), theme::SURFACE_2);
+    }
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.min + egui::vec2(30.0, 15.0),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        page.nav_title(lang),
+        egui::FontId::proportional(12.5),
+        if selected { theme::INK } else { theme::INK_3 },
+    );
+    if response.clicked() {
+        *active = page;
+    }
+}
+
+fn group_label(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str, icon: IconName) {
+    let (rect, _) =
+        ui.allocate_exact_size(egui::vec2(SIDEBAR_WIDTH - 20.0, 32.0), egui::Sense::hover());
+    draw_icon(ui, rect.min + egui::vec2(20.0, 16.0), icon, theme::INK_3);
+    ui.painter().text(
+        rect.min + egui::vec2(38.0, 16.0),
+        egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
+        label,
+        egui::FontId::proportional(13.0),
+        theme::INK_3,
+    );
+}
+
+fn draw_icon(ui: &egui::Ui, center: egui::Pos2, icon: IconName, color: egui::Color32) {
+    let painter = ui.painter();
+    let stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.25, color);
+    match icon {
+        IconName::Overview => {
+            painter.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-6.0, -6.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(-6.0, 6.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            painter.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-6.0, 6.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(6.0, 6.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            for (x, top) in [(-2.5, 1.0), (1.5, -4.0), (5.5, -1.5)] {
+                painter.line_segment(
+                    [center + egui::vec2(x, 5.0), center + egui::vec2(x, top)],
+                    stroke,
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        IconName::History => {
+            painter.circle_stroke(center, 6.0, stroke);
+            painter.line_segment([center, center + egui::vec2(0.0, -3.5)], stroke);
+            painter.line_segment([center, center + egui::vec2(3.0, 2.0)], stroke);
+        }
+        IconName::Vocabulary => {
+            for y in [-4.0, 0.0, 4.0] {
+                painter.circle_filled(center + egui::vec2(-5.0, y), 1.0, color);
+                painter.line_segment(
+                    [center + egui::vec2(-2.0, y), center + egui::vec2(6.0, y)],
+                    stroke,
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        IconName::Style => {
+            painter.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-5.0, 5.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(4.0, -4.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+            painter.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(2.0, -5.0),
+                    center + egui::vec2(5.0, -2.0),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+        }
+        IconName::Tools => {
+            painter.circle_stroke(center, 5.5, stroke);
+            painter.line_segment(
+                [
+                    center + egui::vec2(-3.5, 3.5),
+                    center + egui::vec2(3.5, -3.5),
+                ],
+                stroke,
+            );
+        }
+        IconName::Settings => {
+            painter.circle_stroke(center, 5.5, stroke);
+            painter.circle_stroke(center, 2.0, stroke);
+            for angle in [
+                0.0_f32,
+                std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2,
+                std::f32::consts::PI,
+                3.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2,
+            ] {
+                let direction = egui::vec2(angle.cos(), angle.sin());
+                painter.line_segment([center + direction * 5.5, center + direction * 7.0], stroke);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn content_panel(
+    ctx: &egui::Context,
+    _active: Page,
+    _lang: Lang,
+    add_contents: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui),
+) {
+    let body = body_rect(ctx);
+    let content = egui::Rect::from_min_max(
+        egui::pos2(body.left() + SIDEBAR_WIDTH + 28.0, body.top()),
+        egui::pos2(body.right() - 2.0, body.bottom() - 8.0),
+    );
+    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("openless-content"))
+        .order(egui::Order::Middle)
+        .fixed_pos(content.min)
+        .show(ctx, |ui| {
+            ui.set_min_size(content.size());
+            ui.set_clip_rect(egui::Rect::from_min_size(egui::Pos2::ZERO, content.size()));
+            let scroll = &mut ui.style_mut().spacing.scroll;
+            scroll.floating = true;
+            scroll.bar_width = 8.0;
+            scroll.handle_min_length = 24.0;
+            scroll.bar_inner_margin = 0.0;
+            scroll.bar_outer_margin = 0.0;
+            scroll.foreground_color = false;
+            scroll.floating_width = 6.0;
+            scroll.floating_allocated_width = 0.0;
+            ui.add_space(22.0);
+            egui::ScrollArea::vertical()
+                .auto_shrink([false, false])
+                .show(ui, add_contents);
+        });
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/theme.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/theme.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..723835ff9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui/theme.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use eframe::egui;
+
+pub const BLUE: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::from_rgb(37, 99, 235);
+pub const BLUE_SOFT: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::from_rgb(239, 245, 255);
+pub const CANVAS: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::from_rgb(250, 250, 250);
+pub const SURFACE: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::WHITE;
+pub const SURFACE_2: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::from_rgb(244, 244, 245);
+pub const LINE: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::from_rgb(228, 228, 231);
+pub const INK: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::from_rgb(9, 9, 11);
+pub const INK_2: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::from_rgb(63, 63, 70);
+pub const INK_3: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::from_rgb(113, 113, 122);
+pub const INK_4: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::from_rgb(161, 161, 170);
+pub const OK: egui::Color32 = egui::Color32::from_rgb(22, 163, 74);
+
+/// Install the same Linux font fallback strategy as the redesigned prototype,
+/// without shipping its large duplicate font bundle.
+pub fn install(ctx: &egui::Context) {
+    let mut candidates: Vec<(&str, PathBuf)> = Vec::new();
+    if let Some(path) = std::env::var_os("OPENLESS_IME_FONT").map(PathBuf::from) {
+        candidates.push(("openless-primary", path));
+    }
+    candidates.extend([
+        (
+            "openless-cjk",
+            PathBuf::from("/usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Regular.ttc"),
+        ),
+        (
+            "openless-cjk-fallback",
+            PathBuf::from("/usr/share/fonts/truetype/droid/DroidSansFallbackFull.ttf"),
+        ),
+        (
+            "openless-latin",
+            PathBuf::from("/usr/share/fonts/truetype/noto/NotoSans-Regular.ttf"),
+        ),
+        (
+            "openless-arabic",
+            PathBuf::from("/usr/share/fonts/truetype/noto/NotoSansArabic-Regular.ttf"),
+        ),
+        (
+            "openless-thai",
+            PathBuf::from("/usr/share/fonts/truetype/noto/NotoSansThai-Regular.ttf"),
+        ),
+        (
+            "openless-devanagari",
+            PathBuf::from("/usr/share/fonts/truetype/noto/NotoSansDevanagari-Regular.ttf"),
+        ),
+    ]);
+
+    let mut fonts = egui::FontDefinitions::default();
+    let mut loaded = Vec::new();
+    for (name, path) in candidates {
+        let Ok(bytes) = std::fs::read(&path) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        fonts
+            .font_data
+            .insert(name.into(), egui::FontData::from_owned(bytes).into());
+        loaded.push(name);
+    }
+    for family in [egui::FontFamily::Proportional, egui::FontFamily::Monospace] {
+        let family_fonts = fonts.families.entry(family).or_default();
+        for name in loaded.iter().rev() {
+            family_fonts.insert(0, (*name).into());
+        }
+    }
+    ctx.set_fonts(fonts);
+
+    apply_visuals(ctx, openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::System);
+
+    let mut style = (*ctx.style()).clone();
+    style.spacing.item_spacing = egui::vec2(8.0, 8.0);
+    style.spacing.button_padding = egui::vec2(10.0, 6.0);
+    ctx.set_style(style);
+}
+
+pub fn apply_visuals(ctx: &egui::Context, mode: openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode) {
+    let dark = match mode {
+        openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::System => {
+            ctx.system_theme() == Some(egui::Theme::Dark)
+        }
+        openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Light => false,
+        openless_core::shared_types::ThemeMode::Dark => true,
+    };
+    let mut visuals = if dark {
+        egui::Visuals::dark()
+    } else {
+        egui::Visuals::light()
+    };
+    if !dark {
+        visuals.panel_fill = CANVAS;
+        visuals.window_fill = SURFACE;
+        visuals.faint_bg_color = SURFACE_2;
+        visuals.selection.bg_fill = BLUE_SOFT;
+    }
+    visuals.selection.stroke = egui::Stroke::new(1.0, BLUE);
+    visuals.widgets.inactive.corner_radius = egui::CornerRadius::same(7);
+    visuals.widgets.hovered.corner_radius = egui::CornerRadius::same(7);
+    visuals.widgets.active.corner_radius = egui::CornerRadius::same(7);
+    ctx.set_visuals(visuals);
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui_state.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui_state.rs
index c22ced65e..9b7ebe0c8 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui_state.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/ui_state.rs
@@ -1,119 +1,177 @@
-//! Presentation state only: changing pages never owns or cancels a Core session.
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub(super) enum Page {
-    #[default]
-    Start,
-    Dictation,
-    Qa,
-    Selection,
-    Agent,
-    Services,
-    Models,
-    Remote,
-    History,
-    Settings,
+//! Persistence of pure Linux-UI state (view-model preferences that are *not*
+//! business truth). Business truth lives in Core's `UserPreferences`; this
+//! module keeps only UI-surface state such as the chosen display language,
+//! stored on disk beside Core but never inside a Core-owned document.
+
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use crate::desktop::atomic_save;
+use crate::i18n::{LocalePref, FOLLOW_SYSTEM};
+
+const STATE_FILE: &str = "linux-ui-state.json";
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum UiStateError {
+    Io {
+        operation: &'static str,
+        source: std::io::Error,
+    },
+    Json(String),
 }
 
-impl Page {
-    pub const ALL: [Self; 10] = [
-        Self::Start,
-        Self::Dictation,
-        Self::Qa,
-        Self::Selection,
-        Self::Agent,
-        Self::Services,
-        Self::Models,
-        Self::Remote,
-        Self::History,
-        Self::Settings,
-    ];
-
-    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+impl std::fmt::Display for UiStateError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
-            Self::Start => "开始",
-            Self::Dictation => "听写",
-            Self::Qa => "问答",
-            Self::Selection => "选区润色",
-            Self::Agent => "Less Computer",
-            Self::Services => "AI 服务",
-            Self::Models => "本地模型",
-            Self::Remote => "手机输入",
-            Self::History => "历史",
-            Self::Settings => "环境与设置",
+            Self::Io { operation, source } => write!(f, "{operation}: {source}"),
+            Self::Json(message) => f.write_str(message),
         }
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Default)]
-pub(super) struct Navigation {
-    pub page: Page,
-    unread: [bool; Page::ALL.len()],
+impl std::error::Error for UiStateError {}
+
+fn io_error(operation: &'static str, source: std::io::Error) -> UiStateError {
+    UiStateError::Io { operation, source }
 }
 
-impl Navigation {
-    pub fn open(&mut self, page: Page) {
-        self.page = page;
-        self.unread[page as usize] = false;
-    }
+/// The application data directory, mirroring the runtime's `backend_config`
+/// derivation (XDG_DATA_HOME, falling back to `~/.local/share`). Kept here so
+/// the main window *and* the separate popup window resolve the exact same
+/// state file without sharing a process-local handle.
+pub fn ui_state_dir() -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    let home = std::env::var_os("HOME").map(PathBuf::from)?;
+    let base = std::env::var_os("XDG_DATA_HOME")
+        .map(PathBuf::from)
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| home.join(".local/share"));
+    Some(base.join("OpenLess"))
+}
 
-    pub fn notify(&mut self, page: Page) {
-        if self.page != page {
-            self.unread[page as usize] = true;
-        }
-    }
+/// Absolute path to the persisted Linux-UI state document.
+pub fn ui_state_path() -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    ui_state_dir().map(|dir| dir.join(STATE_FILE))
+}
 
-    pub fn has_update(&self, page: Page) -> bool {
-        self.unread[page as usize]
+/// Read the persisted locale preference. A missing, empty or unreadable file
+/// (plus any unrecognised value) degrades to `LocalePref::System` — following
+/// the OS locale — so a corrupt state can never wedge the UI on the wrong
+/// language.
+pub fn load_locale_pref() -> LocalePref {
+    let Some(path) = ui_state_path() else {
+        return LocalePref::System;
+    };
+    let raw = match std::fs::read_to_string(&path) {
+        Ok(raw) => raw,
+        Err(_) => return LocalePref::System,
+    };
+    let value = match serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(&raw) {
+        Ok(value) => value,
+        Err(_) => return LocalePref::System,
+    };
+    match value.get("locale").and_then(serde_json::Value::as_str) {
+        Some(tag) => LocalePref::from_tag(tag),
+        None => LocalePref::System,
     }
 }
 
+/// Persist the locale preference atomically. Returns an error only when the
+/// state cannot be written at all; unknown environments (no HOME) simply leave
+/// the preference unsaved and are reported as a recoverable failure.
+pub fn save_locale_pref(pref: LocalePref) -> Result<(), UiStateError> {
+    let Some(dir) = ui_state_dir() else {
+        return Err(io_error(
+            "resolve ui-state directory",
+            std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound, "HOME is unavailable"),
+        ));
+    };
+    let Some(path) = ui_state_path() else {
+        return Err(io_error(
+            "resolve ui-state path",
+            std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound, "HOME is unavailable"),
+        ));
+    };
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).map_err(|error| io_error("create ui-state directory", error))?;
+    let tag = match pref {
+        LocalePref::System => FOLLOW_SYSTEM.to_string(),
+        LocalePref::Lang(lang) => lang.tag().to_string(),
+    };
+    let document = serde_json::json!({ "locale": tag });
+    let bytes = serde_json::to_vec_pretty(&document)
+        .map_err(|error| UiStateError::Json(error.to_string()))?;
+    atomic_save(&path, &bytes)
+        .map(|_| ())
+        .map_err(|error| match error {
+            crate::desktop::DesktopError::InvalidInput(message) => UiStateError::Json(message),
+            crate::desktop::DesktopError::Io { operation, source } => {
+                UiStateError::Io { operation, source }
+            }
+            other => UiStateError::Json(other.to_string()),
+        })
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::i18n::Lang;
+    use std::sync::{Mutex, OnceLock};
 
-    #[test]
-    fn background_work_keeps_its_notice_until_its_own_page_is_opened() {
-        let mut navigation = Navigation::default();
-        navigation.notify(Page::Qa);
-        navigation.notify(Page::Selection);
-        navigation.notify(Page::Agent);
-        navigation.open(Page::Settings);
-        for page in [Page::Qa, Page::Selection, Page::Agent] {
-            assert!(navigation.has_update(page));
+    /// Env vars are process-global, so these tests must not interleave.
+    fn test_lock() -> &'static Mutex<()> {
+        static LOCK: OnceLock<Mutex<()>> = OnceLock::new();
+        LOCK.get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(()))
+    }
+
+    fn with_tmp_state(run: impl FnOnce(PathBuf)) {
+        // Recover a poisoned lock (from an earlier assertion) rather than
+        // failing the whole module: env vars must stay consistent per test.
+        let _guard = test_lock()
+            .lock()
+            .unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner);
+        let dir =
+            std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("openless-ui-state-test-{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4()));
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+        // Point every data-dir resolver at the temp dir via XDG_DATA_HOME.
+        let previous = std::env::var_os("XDG_DATA_HOME");
+        std::env::set_var("XDG_DATA_HOME", &dir);
+        run(dir.clone());
+        if let Some(value) = previous {
+            std::env::set_var("XDG_DATA_HOME", value);
+        } else {
+            std::env::remove_var("XDG_DATA_HOME");
         }
-        navigation.open(Page::Qa);
-        assert!(!navigation.has_update(Page::Qa));
-        assert!(navigation.has_update(Page::Selection));
-        assert!(navigation.has_update(Page::Agent));
+        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(dir);
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn reading_a_page_does_not_create_an_unread_notice() {
-        let mut navigation = Navigation::default();
-        navigation.open(Page::Agent);
-        navigation.notify(Page::Agent);
-        assert!(!navigation.has_update(Page::Agent));
-        navigation.open(Page::Start);
-        navigation.notify(Page::Agent);
-        assert!(navigation.has_update(Page::Agent));
-        assert_eq!(navigation.page, Page::Start);
+    fn absent_state_resolves_to_follow_system() {
+        with_tmp_state(|dir| {
+            // No file has been written in this fresh dir.
+            assert_eq!(load_locale_pref(), LocalePref::System);
+            std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir).ok();
+        });
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn every_destination_can_be_opened_without_clearing_other_destinations() {
-        let mut navigation = Navigation::default();
-        for page in Page::ALL {
-            assert!(!page.label().is_empty());
-            navigation.notify(page);
-        }
-        for (index, page) in Page::ALL.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            navigation.open(page);
-            assert_eq!(navigation.page, page);
-            assert!(!navigation.has_update(page));
-            for remaining in &Page::ALL[index + 1..] {
-                assert!(navigation.has_update(*remaining));
-            }
-        }
+    fn locale_preference_persists_and_roundtrips_across_reload() {
+        with_tmp_state(|_dir| {
+            save_locale_pref(LocalePref::Lang(Lang::ZhTw)).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(load_locale_pref(), LocalePref::Lang(Lang::ZhTw));
+            save_locale_pref(LocalePref::System).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(load_locale_pref(), LocalePref::System);
+            save_locale_pref(LocalePref::Lang(Lang::Ko)).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(load_locale_pref(), LocalePref::Lang(Lang::Ko));
+        });
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn corrupt_state_file_degrades_to_follow_system() {
+        with_tmp_state(|_dir| {
+            let path = ui_state_path().unwrap();
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(path.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
+            std::fs::write(&path, "{ not json").unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(load_locale_pref(), LocalePref::System);
+            // A later valid write repairs the state.
+            save_locale_pref(LocalePref::Lang(Lang::Ja)).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(load_locale_pref(), LocalePref::Lang(Lang::Ja));
+        });
     }
 }
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/updater.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/updater.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5d63f6733
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/src/updater.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,1085 @@
+//! Verified AppImage replacement primitives.
+//!
+//! Network transport is HTTPS-only and every replacement is verified against
+//! the same pinned minisign key used by the existing desktop updater.
+
+use base64::Engine as _;
+use futures_util::StreamExt;
+use minisign_verify::{PublicKey, Signature};
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::fs::{self, File, OpenOptions};
+use std::io::{self, Read, Write};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+pub const MANIFEST_SCHEMA_VERSION: u32 = 1;
+pub const MANIFEST_HOST: &str = "linux-egui";
+pub const DEFAULT_MAX_APPIMAGE_BYTES: u64 = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+pub const DEFAULT_MAX_MANIFEST_BYTES: u64 = 1024 * 1024;
+pub const STARTUP_CHECK_DELAY: Duration = Duration::from_secs(15);
+pub const PERIODIC_CHECK_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(60 * 60);
+pub const RELEASES_URL: &str = "https://github.com/Open-Less/openless/releases";
+pub const DIRECT_RELEASE_BASE: &str = "https://github.com/Open-Less/openless";
+pub const BETA_RELEASES_API: &str =
+    "https://api.github.com/repos/Open-Less/openless/releases?per_page=30";
+
+/// Pinned OpenLess updater key. This is deliberately compiled into the host,
+/// rather than accepted from a manifest fetched over the network. It matches
+/// the existing OpenLess updater signing key used by the release workflows.
+pub const PINNED_MINISIGN_PUBLIC_KEY: &str =
+    "dW50cnVzdGVkIGNvbW1lbnQ6IG1pbmlzaWduIHB1YmxpYyBrZXk6IDFERUFBODAzNTY0QzMyM0YKUldRL01reFdBNmpxSGE1K0JadlpONXNWTzhJcGZCRGxjUVdIWExNNFJpeUNsSGZwazdlQThhemkK";
+
+pub use openless_core::shared_types::UpdateChannel;
+
+pub fn manifest_urls(channel: UpdateChannel, arch: &str, beta_tag: Option<&str>) -> Vec<String> {
+    let name = format!("latest-linux-egui-{arch}.json");
+    match channel {
+        UpdateChannel::Stable => vec![format!(
+            "{DIRECT_RELEASE_BASE}/releases/latest/download/{name}"
+        )],
+        UpdateChannel::Beta => beta_tag
+            .filter(|tag| valid_release_tag(tag))
+            .map(|tag| {
+                vec![format!(
+                    "{DIRECT_RELEASE_BASE}/releases/download/{tag}/{name}"
+                )]
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_default(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn valid_release_tag(tag: &str) -> bool {
+    !tag.is_empty()
+        && tag.starts_with('v')
+        && !tag.contains("..")
+        && tag
+            .bytes()
+            .all(|byte| byte.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || b".-_".contains(&byte))
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum CheckReason {
+    Startup,
+    Periodic,
+    Manual,
+}
+
+/// Pure elapsed-time scheduler. The UI owns the timer and calls `poll`; no
+/// updater task can block an egui frame.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct UpdateSchedule {
+    startup_due: Duration,
+    periodic_due: Duration,
+    startup_pending: bool,
+}
+
+impl UpdateSchedule {
+    pub fn new(now: Duration) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            startup_due: now.saturating_add(STARTUP_CHECK_DELAY),
+            periodic_due: now.saturating_add(PERIODIC_CHECK_INTERVAL),
+            startup_pending: true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn poll(&mut self, now: Duration, manual: bool) -> Option<CheckReason> {
+        if manual {
+            self.periodic_due = now.saturating_add(PERIODIC_CHECK_INTERVAL);
+            return Some(CheckReason::Manual);
+        }
+        if self.startup_pending && now >= self.startup_due {
+            self.startup_pending = false;
+            self.periodic_due = now.saturating_add(PERIODIC_CHECK_INTERVAL);
+            return Some(CheckReason::Startup);
+        }
+        if now >= self.periodic_due {
+            self.periodic_due = now.saturating_add(PERIODIC_CHECK_INTERVAL);
+            return Some(CheckReason::Periodic);
+        }
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct UpdateManifest {
+    pub schema_version: u32,
+    pub host: String,
+    pub arch: String,
+    pub version: String,
+    pub url: String,
+    pub sha256: String,
+    pub minisign: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl UpdateManifest {
+    pub fn parse(json: &[u8], expected_arch: &str) -> Result<Self, UpdateError> {
+        let manifest: Self = serde_json::from_slice(json).map_err(UpdateError::ManifestJson)?;
+        manifest.validate(expected_arch)?;
+        Ok(manifest)
+    }
+
+    pub fn validate(&self, expected_arch: &str) -> Result<(), UpdateError> {
+        if self.schema_version != MANIFEST_SCHEMA_VERSION {
+            return Err(UpdateError::InvalidManifest(format!(
+                "unsupported updater schema version {}",
+                self.schema_version
+            )));
+        }
+        if self.host != MANIFEST_HOST {
+            return Err(UpdateError::InvalidManifest(format!(
+                "manifest is for host {:?}, not {:?}",
+                self.host, MANIFEST_HOST
+            )));
+        }
+        if self.arch != expected_arch {
+            return Err(UpdateError::InvalidManifest(format!(
+                "manifest architecture {:?} does not match {:?}",
+                self.arch, expected_arch
+            )));
+        }
+        if self.version.trim().is_empty()
+            || self.version.contains(['\0', '\n', '\r'])
+            || self.url.chars().any(char::is_control)
+        {
+            return Err(UpdateError::InvalidManifest(
+                "manifest version or URL is empty/unsafe".into(),
+            ));
+        }
+        if !is_github_release_url(&self.url) {
+            return Err(UpdateError::InvalidManifest(
+                "artifact URL must be a GitHub HTTPS release asset".into(),
+            ));
+        }
+        if self.sha256.len() != 64 || !self.sha256.bytes().all(|byte| byte.is_ascii_hexdigit()) {
+            return Err(UpdateError::InvalidManifest(
+                "manifest SHA-256 must contain exactly 64 hexadecimal digits".into(),
+            ));
+        }
+        if self
+            .minisign
+            .as_deref()
+            .is_some_and(|signature| signature.trim().is_empty() || signature.contains('\0'))
+        {
+            return Err(UpdateError::InvalidManifest(
+                "manifest minisign value is empty or unsafe".into(),
+            ));
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_new_version(&self, current: &str) -> bool {
+        match (
+            semver::Version::parse(normalize_version(&self.version)),
+            semver::Version::parse(normalize_version(current)),
+        ) {
+            (Ok(remote), Ok(current)) => remote > current,
+            _ => normalize_version(&self.version) != normalize_version(current),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn normalize_version(version: &str) -> &str {
+    version.trim().strip_prefix('v').unwrap_or(version.trim())
+}
+
+fn is_github_release_url(url: &str) -> bool {
+    let Some(rest) = url.strip_prefix("https://github.com/") else {
+        return false;
+    };
+    let mut segments = rest.split('/');
+    let owner = segments.next().unwrap_or_default();
+    let repository = segments.next().unwrap_or_default();
+    let releases = segments.next().unwrap_or_default();
+    let download = segments.next().unwrap_or_default();
+    let tag = segments.next().unwrap_or_default();
+    let asset = segments.next().unwrap_or_default();
+    !owner.is_empty()
+        && !repository.is_empty()
+        && releases == "releases"
+        && download == "download"
+        && !tag.is_empty()
+        && !asset.is_empty()
+        && segments.next().is_none()
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum UpdateError {
+    ManifestJson(serde_json::Error),
+    InvalidManifest(String),
+    NotAppImage(String),
+    MissingSignature,
+    SignatureUnavailable(String),
+    SignatureRejected(String),
+    TooLarge {
+        limit: u64,
+    },
+    ChecksumMismatch {
+        expected: String,
+        actual: String,
+    },
+    Io {
+        operation: &'static str,
+        source: io::Error,
+    },
+    Http(String),
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for UpdateError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::ManifestJson(error) => write!(f, "invalid updater manifest JSON: {error}"),
+            Self::InvalidManifest(message) => write!(f, "invalid updater manifest: {message}"),
+            Self::NotAppImage(message) => write!(f, "AppImage update unavailable: {message}"),
+            Self::MissingSignature => f.write_str("update manifest has no minisign signature"),
+            Self::SignatureUnavailable(message) => {
+                write!(f, "minisign verification is unavailable: {message}")
+            }
+            Self::SignatureRejected(message) => {
+                write!(f, "minisign verification rejected the update: {message}")
+            }
+            Self::TooLarge { limit } => write!(f, "AppImage exceeds the {limit}-byte limit"),
+            Self::ChecksumMismatch { expected, actual } => {
+                write!(
+                    f,
+                    "AppImage SHA-256 mismatch: expected {expected}, got {actual}"
+                )
+            }
+            Self::Io { operation, source } => write!(f, "{operation}: {source}"),
+            Self::Http(message) => write!(f, "update request failed: {message}"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for UpdateError {}
+
+fn io_error(operation: &'static str, source: io::Error) -> UpdateError {
+    UpdateError::Io { operation, source }
+}
+
+/// Signature verification seam. The verifier must validate the complete
+/// minisign file stored as base64 in the release manifest against a pinned
+/// public key.
+pub trait SignatureVerifier {
+    fn verify_base64_minisign(
+        &self,
+        artifact: &Path,
+        encoded_signature: &str,
+    ) -> Result<(), UpdateError>;
+}
+
+/// Honest placeholder used until `minisign-verify` and a pinned public key are
+/// added to this crate. It always rejects signed updates.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct UnavailableSignatureVerifier;
+
+impl SignatureVerifier for UnavailableSignatureVerifier {
+    fn verify_base64_minisign(
+        &self,
+        _artifact: &Path,
+        _encoded_signature: &str,
+    ) -> Result<(), UpdateError> {
+        Err(UpdateError::SignatureUnavailable(
+            "the Linux host was built without a minisign verifier".into(),
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct PinnedMinisignVerifier {
+    public_key: PublicKey,
+}
+
+impl PinnedMinisignVerifier {
+    pub fn new() -> Result<Self, UpdateError> {
+        let public_key_file = base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD
+            .decode(PINNED_MINISIGN_PUBLIC_KEY)
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::SignatureUnavailable(error.to_string()))?;
+        let public_key_file = std::str::from_utf8(&public_key_file)
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::SignatureUnavailable(error.to_string()))?;
+        let public_key = PublicKey::decode(public_key_file)
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::SignatureUnavailable(error.to_string()))?;
+        Ok(Self { public_key })
+    }
+}
+
+impl SignatureVerifier for PinnedMinisignVerifier {
+    fn verify_base64_minisign(
+        &self,
+        artifact: &Path,
+        encoded_signature: &str,
+    ) -> Result<(), UpdateError> {
+        let signature_file = base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD
+            .decode(encoded_signature.trim())
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::SignatureRejected(error.to_string()))?;
+        let signature_file = std::str::from_utf8(&signature_file)
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::SignatureRejected(error.to_string()))?;
+        let signature = Signature::decode(signature_file)
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::SignatureRejected(error.to_string()))?;
+        let mut input = File::open(artifact)
+            .map_err(|error| io_error("open AppImage for signature verification", error))?;
+        let mut verifier = self
+            .public_key
+            .verify_stream(&signature)
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::SignatureRejected(error.to_string()))?;
+        let mut buffer = [0u8; 64 * 1024];
+        loop {
+            let read = input
+                .read(&mut buffer)
+                .map_err(|error| io_error("read AppImage for signature verification", error))?;
+            if read == 0 {
+                break;
+            }
+            verifier.update(&buffer[..read]);
+        }
+        verifier
+            .finalize()
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::SignatureRejected(error.to_string()))
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct DownloadProgress {
+    pub downloaded: u64,
+    pub content_length: Option<u64>,
+}
+
+/// Fully initialized AppImage updater. Construction fails for deb/rpm,
+/// development binaries, malformed pinned keys, or HTTP client failures.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct AppImageUpdater {
+    client: reqwest::Client,
+    target: AppImageTarget,
+    verifier: PinnedMinisignVerifier,
+    expected_arch: &'static str,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+struct GithubRelease {
+    tag_name: String,
+    prerelease: bool,
+    draft: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub enum LinuxUpdateSupport {
+    AppImage(AppImageUpdater),
+    /// deb/rpm and development builds must leave package replacement to their
+    /// package manager and only offer the upstream releases page.
+    ManualOnly {
+        releases_url: &'static str,
+    },
+}
+
+impl LinuxUpdateSupport {
+    pub fn initialize(package_kind: crate::LinuxPackageKind) -> Self {
+        if package_kind == crate::LinuxPackageKind::AppImage {
+            if let Ok(updater) = AppImageUpdater::initialize() {
+                return Self::AppImage(updater);
+            }
+        }
+        Self::ManualOnly {
+            releases_url: RELEASES_URL,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn supports_auto_update(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, Self::AppImage(_))
+    }
+
+    pub fn manual_download_url(&self) -> &'static str {
+        RELEASES_URL
+    }
+}
+
+impl AppImageUpdater {
+    pub fn initialize() -> Result<Self, UpdateError> {
+        let target = AppImageTarget::detect()?;
+        let verifier = PinnedMinisignVerifier::new()?;
+        let client = reqwest::Client::builder()
+            .https_only(true)
+            .timeout(Duration::from_secs(30))
+            .user_agent(concat!("OpenLess-Linux/", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION")))
+            .build()
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::Http(error.to_string()))?;
+        Ok(Self {
+            client,
+            target,
+            verifier,
+            expected_arch: std::env::consts::ARCH,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn target(&self) -> &AppImageTarget {
+        &self.target
+    }
+
+    pub async fn check(
+        &self,
+        channel: UpdateChannel,
+    ) -> Result<Option<UpdateManifest>, UpdateError> {
+        let beta_tag = match channel {
+            UpdateChannel::Stable => None,
+            UpdateChannel::Beta => Some(self.latest_beta_tag().await?),
+        };
+        let urls = manifest_urls(channel, self.expected_arch, beta_tag.as_deref());
+        if urls.is_empty() {
+            return Err(UpdateError::InvalidManifest(
+                "a valid beta release tag is required".into(),
+            ));
+        }
+        let mut last_error = None;
+        for url in urls {
+            let result = async {
+                let response = self
+                    .client
+                    .get(&url)
+                    .send()
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|error| UpdateError::Http(error.to_string()))?
+                    .error_for_status()
+                    .map_err(|error| UpdateError::Http(error.to_string()))?;
+                let bytes = response_bytes_limited(response, DEFAULT_MAX_MANIFEST_BYTES).await?;
+                UpdateManifest::parse(&bytes, self.expected_arch)
+            }
+            .await;
+            match result {
+                Ok(manifest) => {
+                    return Ok(manifest
+                        .has_new_version(env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"))
+                        .then_some(manifest));
+                }
+                Err(error) => last_error = Some(error),
+            }
+        }
+        Err(last_error.unwrap_or_else(|| UpdateError::Http("no manifest URL available".into())))
+    }
+
+    async fn latest_beta_tag(&self) -> Result<String, UpdateError> {
+        let response = self
+            .client
+            .get(BETA_RELEASES_API)
+            .send()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::Http(error.to_string()))?
+            .error_for_status()
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::Http(error.to_string()))?;
+        let bytes = response_bytes_limited(response, DEFAULT_MAX_MANIFEST_BYTES).await?;
+        let releases: Vec<GithubRelease> = serde_json::from_slice(&bytes)
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::InvalidManifest(error.to_string()))?;
+        releases
+            .into_iter()
+            .find(|release| {
+                !release.draft && release.prerelease && valid_release_tag(&release.tag_name)
+            })
+            .map(|release| release.tag_name)
+            .ok_or_else(|| UpdateError::InvalidManifest("no beta release is available".into()))
+    }
+
+    pub async fn download_and_install(
+        &self,
+        manifest: UpdateManifest,
+        mut progress: impl FnMut(DownloadProgress),
+    ) -> Result<InstalledUpdate, UpdateError> {
+        manifest.validate(self.expected_arch)?;
+        let response = self
+            .client
+            .get(&manifest.url)
+            .send()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::Http(error.to_string()))?
+            .error_for_status()
+            .map_err(|error| UpdateError::Http(error.to_string()))?;
+        let total = response.content_length();
+        if total.is_some_and(|length| length > DEFAULT_MAX_APPIMAGE_BYTES) {
+            return Err(UpdateError::TooLarge {
+                limit: DEFAULT_MAX_APPIMAGE_BYTES,
+            });
+        }
+        let parent = self.target.path().parent().ok_or_else(|| {
+            UpdateError::NotAppImage("current AppImage has no parent directory".into())
+        })?;
+        let download = parent.join(format!(".openless-download-{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4()));
+        let result = async {
+            let mut output = OpenOptions::new()
+                .write(true)
+                .create_new(true)
+                .open(&download)
+                .map_err(|error| io_error("create AppImage download", error))?;
+            let mut downloaded = 0u64;
+            let mut stream = response.bytes_stream();
+            while let Some(chunk) = stream.next().await {
+                let chunk = chunk.map_err(|error| UpdateError::Http(error.to_string()))?;
+                downloaded =
+                    downloaded
+                        .checked_add(chunk.len() as u64)
+                        .ok_or(UpdateError::TooLarge {
+                            limit: DEFAULT_MAX_APPIMAGE_BYTES,
+                        })?;
+                if downloaded > DEFAULT_MAX_APPIMAGE_BYTES {
+                    return Err(UpdateError::TooLarge {
+                        limit: DEFAULT_MAX_APPIMAGE_BYTES,
+                    });
+                }
+                output
+                    .write_all(&chunk)
+                    .map_err(|error| io_error("write AppImage download", error))?;
+                progress(DownloadProgress {
+                    downloaded,
+                    content_length: total,
+                });
+            }
+            output
+                .sync_all()
+                .map_err(|error| io_error("sync AppImage download", error))?;
+            drop(output);
+            let input = File::open(&download)
+                .map_err(|error| io_error("open completed AppImage download", error))?;
+            install_verified_appimage(
+                &manifest,
+                self.expected_arch,
+                input,
+                &self.target,
+                &self.verifier,
+            )
+        }
+        .await;
+        let _ = fs::remove_file(download);
+        result
+    }
+}
+
+async fn response_bytes_limited(
+    response: reqwest::Response,
+    limit: u64,
+) -> Result<Vec<u8>, UpdateError> {
+    if response
+        .content_length()
+        .is_some_and(|length| length > limit)
+    {
+        return Err(UpdateError::TooLarge { limit });
+    }
+    let mut bytes = Vec::new();
+    let mut stream = response.bytes_stream();
+    while let Some(chunk) = stream.next().await {
+        let chunk = chunk.map_err(|error| UpdateError::Http(error.to_string()))?;
+        if (bytes.len() as u64).saturating_add(chunk.len() as u64) > limit {
+            return Err(UpdateError::TooLarge { limit });
+        }
+        bytes.extend_from_slice(&chunk);
+    }
+    Ok(bytes)
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct AppImageTarget {
+    path: PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl AppImageTarget {
+    pub fn detect() -> Result<Self, UpdateError> {
+        let path = std::env::var_os("APPIMAGE")
+            .filter(|value| !value.is_empty())
+            .map(PathBuf::from)
+            .ok_or_else(|| UpdateError::NotAppImage("APPIMAGE is not set".into()))?;
+        Self::new(path)
+    }
+
+    pub fn new(path: PathBuf) -> Result<Self, UpdateError> {
+        if !path.is_absolute() {
+            return Err(UpdateError::NotAppImage(
+                "APPIMAGE must be an absolute path".into(),
+            ));
+        }
+        let metadata = fs::symlink_metadata(&path)
+            .map_err(|error| io_error("inspect current AppImage", error))?;
+        if metadata.file_type().is_symlink() || !metadata.is_file() {
+            return Err(UpdateError::NotAppImage(
+                "current AppImage is not a regular, non-symlink file".into(),
+            ));
+        }
+        Ok(Self { path })
+    }
+
+    pub fn path(&self) -> &Path {
+        &self.path
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct InstalledUpdate {
+    pub path: PathBuf,
+    pub version: String,
+    pub bytes_written: u64,
+    pub sha256: String,
+}
+
+/// Streams, hashes, signature-checks, and atomically replaces an AppImage.
+/// Verification happens before rename, so every pre-commit failure leaves the
+/// currently installed file untouched.
+pub fn install_verified_appimage(
+    manifest: &UpdateManifest,
+    expected_arch: &str,
+    source: impl Read,
+    target: &AppImageTarget,
+    verifier: &dyn SignatureVerifier,
+) -> Result<InstalledUpdate, UpdateError> {
+    install_verified_appimage_with_limit(
+        manifest,
+        expected_arch,
+        source,
+        target,
+        verifier,
+        DEFAULT_MAX_APPIMAGE_BYTES,
+    )
+}
+
+pub fn install_verified_appimage_with_limit(
+    manifest: &UpdateManifest,
+    expected_arch: &str,
+    mut source: impl Read,
+    target: &AppImageTarget,
+    verifier: &dyn SignatureVerifier,
+    max_bytes: u64,
+) -> Result<InstalledUpdate, UpdateError> {
+    manifest.validate(expected_arch)?;
+    let signature = manifest
+        .minisign
+        .as_deref()
+        .ok_or(UpdateError::MissingSignature)?;
+    let parent = target.path.parent().ok_or_else(|| {
+        UpdateError::NotAppImage("current AppImage has no parent directory".into())
+    })?;
+    let name = target
+        .path
+        .file_name()
+        .ok_or_else(|| UpdateError::NotAppImage("current AppImage has no filename".into()))?;
+    let temp = parent.join(format!(
+        ".{}.update-{}",
+        name.to_string_lossy(),
+        uuid::Uuid::new_v4()
+    ));
+    let result = (|| {
+        let mut output = OpenOptions::new()
+            .write(true)
+            .create_new(true)
+            .open(&temp)
+            .map_err(|error| io_error("create AppImage update file", error))?;
+        let mut digest = Sha256::new();
+        let mut written = 0u64;
+        let mut buffer = [0u8; 64 * 1024];
+        loop {
+            let read = source
+                .read(&mut buffer)
+                .map_err(|error| io_error("read AppImage download", error))?;
+            if read == 0 {
+                break;
+            }
+            written = written
+                .checked_add(read as u64)
+                .ok_or(UpdateError::TooLarge { limit: max_bytes })?;
+            if written > max_bytes {
+                return Err(UpdateError::TooLarge { limit: max_bytes });
+            }
+            output
+                .write_all(&buffer[..read])
+                .map_err(|error| io_error("write AppImage update file", error))?;
+            digest.update(&buffer[..read]);
+        }
+        output
+            .sync_all()
+            .map_err(|error| io_error("sync AppImage update file", error))?;
+        let actual = digest.finish_hex();
+        if !actual.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&manifest.sha256) {
+            return Err(UpdateError::ChecksumMismatch {
+                expected: manifest.sha256.to_ascii_lowercase(),
+                actual,
+            });
+        }
+        verifier.verify_base64_minisign(&temp, signature)?;
+
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        {
+            use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+            let current_mode = fs::metadata(&target.path)
+                .map_err(|error| io_error("read current AppImage permissions", error))?
+                .permissions()
+                .mode();
+            fs::set_permissions(&temp, fs::Permissions::from_mode(current_mode))
+                .map_err(|error| io_error("set AppImage update permissions", error))?;
+        }
+        commit_with_rollback(&temp, &target.path)?;
+        Ok(InstalledUpdate {
+            path: target.path.clone(),
+            version: manifest.version.clone(),
+            bytes_written: written,
+            sha256: actual,
+        })
+    })();
+    if result.is_err() {
+        let _ = fs::remove_file(&temp);
+    }
+    result
+}
+
+/// Keep a hard-linked copy of the old inode until the replacement and its
+/// directory entry are durable. This permits rollback if the commit itself
+/// fails without ever exposing a partially written AppImage.
+fn commit_with_rollback(temp: &Path, target: &Path) -> Result<(), UpdateError> {
+    let parent = target.parent().ok_or_else(|| {
+        UpdateError::NotAppImage("current AppImage has no parent directory".into())
+    })?;
+    let metadata = fs::symlink_metadata(target)
+        .map_err(|error| io_error("inspect current AppImage before commit", error))?;
+    if metadata.file_type().is_symlink() || !metadata.is_file() {
+        return Err(UpdateError::NotAppImage(
+            "current AppImage changed before update commit".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let name = target
+        .file_name()
+        .ok_or_else(|| UpdateError::NotAppImage("current AppImage has no filename".into()))?;
+    let backup = parent.join(format!(
+        ".{}.rollback-{}",
+        name.to_string_lossy(),
+        uuid::Uuid::new_v4()
+    ));
+    fs::hard_link(target, &backup)
+        .map_err(|error| io_error("prepare AppImage rollback link", error))?;
+
+    if let Err(error) = fs::rename(temp, target) {
+        let _ = fs::remove_file(&backup);
+        return Err(io_error("atomically replace AppImage", error));
+    }
+    if let Err(error) = File::open(parent).and_then(|directory| directory.sync_all()) {
+        let _ = fs::rename(&backup, target);
+        let _ = File::open(parent).and_then(|directory| directory.sync_all());
+        return Err(io_error("sync AppImage directory", error));
+    }
+    if let Err(error) = fs::remove_file(&backup) {
+        // The rollback inode still exists, so restore it before reporting the
+        // cleanup failure. A failed restoration is intentionally not hidden.
+        return match fs::rename(&backup, target) {
+            Ok(()) => Err(io_error("remove AppImage rollback link", error)),
+            Err(rollback_error) => Err(io_error("restore AppImage rollback link", rollback_error)),
+        };
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+// Small self-contained SHA-256 implementation. This avoids pretending the
+// updater is functional while waiting for a direct `sha2` dependency.
+struct Sha256 {
+    state: [u32; 8],
+    block: [u8; 64],
+    block_len: usize,
+    total_len: u64,
+}
+
+impl Sha256 {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            state: [
+                0x6a09e667, 0xbb67ae85, 0x3c6ef372, 0xa54ff53a, 0x510e527f, 0x9b05688c, 0x1f83d9ab,
+                0x5be0cd19,
+            ],
+            block: [0; 64],
+            block_len: 0,
+            total_len: 0,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn update(&mut self, mut bytes: &[u8]) {
+        self.total_len = self.total_len.wrapping_add(bytes.len() as u64);
+        if self.block_len != 0 {
+            let take = (64 - self.block_len).min(bytes.len());
+            self.block[self.block_len..self.block_len + take].copy_from_slice(&bytes[..take]);
+            self.block_len += take;
+            bytes = &bytes[take..];
+            if self.block_len == 64 {
+                let block = self.block;
+                self.compress(&block);
+                self.block_len = 0;
+            } else {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        while bytes.len() >= 64 {
+            let block: &[u8; 64] = bytes[..64].try_into().expect("slice has exact block size");
+            self.compress(block);
+            bytes = &bytes[64..];
+        }
+        self.block[..bytes.len()].copy_from_slice(bytes);
+        self.block_len = bytes.len();
+    }
+
+    fn finish_hex(mut self) -> String {
+        let bit_len = self.total_len.wrapping_mul(8);
+        self.block[self.block_len] = 0x80;
+        self.block_len += 1;
+        if self.block_len > 56 {
+            self.block[self.block_len..].fill(0);
+            let block = self.block;
+            self.compress(&block);
+            self.block_len = 0;
+        }
+        self.block[self.block_len..56].fill(0);
+        self.block[56..].copy_from_slice(&bit_len.to_be_bytes());
+        let block = self.block;
+        self.compress(&block);
+        let mut result = String::with_capacity(64);
+        for word in self.state {
+            use fmt::Write as _;
+            write!(&mut result, "{word:08x}").expect("formatting into String cannot fail");
+        }
+        result
+    }
+
+    fn compress(&mut self, block: &[u8; 64]) {
+        const K: [u32; 64] = [
+            0x428a2f98, 0x71374491, 0xb5c0fbcf, 0xe9b5dba5, 0x3956c25b, 0x59f111f1, 0x923f82a4,
+            0xab1c5ed5, 0xd807aa98, 0x12835b01, 0x243185be, 0x550c7dc3, 0x72be5d74, 0x80deb1fe,
+            0x9bdc06a7, 0xc19bf174, 0xe49b69c1, 0xefbe4786, 0x0fc19dc6, 0x240ca1cc, 0x2de92c6f,
+            0x4a7484aa, 0x5cb0a9dc, 0x76f988da, 0x983e5152, 0xa831c66d, 0xb00327c8, 0xbf597fc7,
+            0xc6e00bf3, 0xd5a79147, 0x06ca6351, 0x14292967, 0x27b70a85, 0x2e1b2138, 0x4d2c6dfc,
+            0x53380d13, 0x650a7354, 0x766a0abb, 0x81c2c92e, 0x92722c85, 0xa2bfe8a1, 0xa81a664b,
+            0xc24b8b70, 0xc76c51a3, 0xd192e819, 0xd6990624, 0xf40e3585, 0x106aa070, 0x19a4c116,
+            0x1e376c08, 0x2748774c, 0x34b0bcb5, 0x391c0cb3, 0x4ed8aa4a, 0x5b9cca4f, 0x682e6ff3,
+            0x748f82ee, 0x78a5636f, 0x84c87814, 0x8cc70208, 0x90befffa, 0xa4506ceb, 0xbef9a3f7,
+            0xc67178f2,
+        ];
+        let mut w = [0u32; 64];
+        for (index, chunk) in block.chunks_exact(4).take(16).enumerate() {
+            w[index] = u32::from_be_bytes(chunk.try_into().expect("four-byte SHA word"));
+        }
+        for index in 16..64 {
+            let s0 = w[index - 15].rotate_right(7)
+                ^ w[index - 15].rotate_right(18)
+                ^ (w[index - 15] >> 3);
+            let s1 = w[index - 2].rotate_right(17)
+                ^ w[index - 2].rotate_right(19)
+                ^ (w[index - 2] >> 10);
+            w[index] = w[index - 16]
+                .wrapping_add(s0)
+                .wrapping_add(w[index - 7])
+                .wrapping_add(s1);
+        }
+        let [mut a, mut b, mut c, mut d, mut e, mut f, mut g, mut h] = self.state;
+        for index in 0..64 {
+            let s1 = e.rotate_right(6) ^ e.rotate_right(11) ^ e.rotate_right(25);
+            let choose = (e & f) ^ ((!e) & g);
+            let t1 = h
+                .wrapping_add(s1)
+                .wrapping_add(choose)
+                .wrapping_add(K[index])
+                .wrapping_add(w[index]);
+            let s0 = a.rotate_right(2) ^ a.rotate_right(13) ^ a.rotate_right(22);
+            let majority = (a & b) ^ (a & c) ^ (b & c);
+            let t2 = s0.wrapping_add(majority);
+            h = g;
+            g = f;
+            f = e;
+            e = d.wrapping_add(t1);
+            d = c;
+            c = b;
+            b = a;
+            a = t1.wrapping_add(t2);
+        }
+        for (state, value) in self.state.iter_mut().zip([a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h]) {
+            *state = state.wrapping_add(value);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering};
+
+    static NEXT_TEMP: AtomicU64 = AtomicU64::new(0);
+
+    fn temp_dir(name: &str) -> PathBuf {
+        let path = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
+            "openless-updater-{name}-{}-{}",
+            std::process::id(),
+            NEXT_TEMP.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed)
+        ));
+        fs::create_dir_all(&path).unwrap();
+        path
+    }
+
+    fn manifest(body: &[u8]) -> UpdateManifest {
+        let mut digest = Sha256::new();
+        digest.update(body);
+        UpdateManifest {
+            schema_version: 1,
+            host: MANIFEST_HOST.into(),
+            arch: "x86_64".into(),
+            version: "2.0.0".into(),
+            url: "https://github.com/Open-Less/openless/releases/download/v2.0.0/OpenLess.AppImage"
+                .into(),
+            sha256: digest.finish_hex(),
+            minisign: Some("dGVzdC1taW5pc2lnbg==".into()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    struct AcceptTestSignature;
+
+    impl SignatureVerifier for AcceptTestSignature {
+        fn verify_base64_minisign(
+            &self,
+            artifact: &Path,
+            encoded_signature: &str,
+        ) -> Result<(), UpdateError> {
+            if encoded_signature != "dGVzdC1taW5pc2lnbg==" || fs::metadata(artifact).is_err() {
+                return Err(UpdateError::SignatureRejected(
+                    "test signature mismatch".into(),
+                ));
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn sha256_matches_standard_vectors_and_streaming() {
+        let mut empty = Sha256::new();
+        empty.update(b"");
+        assert_eq!(
+            empty.finish_hex(),
+            "e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"
+        );
+        let mut abc = Sha256::new();
+        abc.update(b"a");
+        abc.update(b"bc");
+        assert_eq!(
+            abc.finish_hex(),
+            "ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb410ff61f20015ad"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn manifest_parser_enforces_host_arch_hash_and_release_url() {
+        let valid = serde_json::to_vec(&serde_json::json!({
+            "schemaVersion": 1,
+            "host": "linux-egui",
+            "arch": "x86_64",
+            "version": "2.0.0",
+            "url": "https://github.com/Open-Less/openless/releases/download/v2.0.0/OpenLess.AppImage",
+            "sha256": "0".repeat(64),
+            "minisign": "c2ln"
+        })).unwrap();
+        assert!(UpdateManifest::parse(&valid, "x86_64").is_ok());
+        assert!(UpdateManifest::parse(&valid, "aarch64").is_err());
+        let mut bad_url: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_slice(&valid).unwrap();
+        bad_url["url"] = "http://example.test/update".into();
+        assert!(UpdateManifest::parse(&serde_json::to_vec(&bad_url).unwrap(), "x86_64").is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn update_urls_use_only_upstream_https_release_assets() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            manifest_urls(UpdateChannel::Stable, "x86_64", None),
+            vec![format!(
+                "{DIRECT_RELEASE_BASE}/releases/latest/download/latest-linux-egui-x86_64.json"
+            )]
+        );
+        assert!(manifest_urls(UpdateChannel::Beta, "x86_64", Some("../bad")).is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(
+            manifest_urls(UpdateChannel::Beta, "x86_64", Some("v2.0.0-beta.1")).len(),
+            1
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn pinned_release_key_decodes() {
+        PinnedMinisignVerifier::new().expect("repository updater key must remain valid");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn verified_update_atomically_replaces_appimage() {
+        let root = temp_dir("success");
+        let path = root.join("OpenLess.AppImage");
+        fs::write(&path, b"old image").unwrap();
+        let target = AppImageTarget::new(path.clone()).unwrap();
+        let body = b"new verified appimage";
+        let installed = install_verified_appimage(
+            &manifest(body),
+            "x86_64",
+            body.as_slice(),
+            &target,
+            &AcceptTestSignature,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(installed.bytes_written, body.len() as u64);
+        assert_eq!(fs::read(&path).unwrap(), body);
+        assert_eq!(fs::read_dir(&root).unwrap().count(), 1);
+        fs::remove_dir_all(root).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn checksum_signature_and_size_failures_preserve_current_appimage() {
+        for failure in ["checksum", "signature", "size"] {
+            let root = temp_dir(failure);
+            let path = root.join("OpenLess.AppImage");
+            fs::write(&path, b"old image").unwrap();
+            let target = AppImageTarget::new(path.clone()).unwrap();
+            let body = b"new image";
+            let mut candidate = manifest(body);
+            let result = match failure {
+                "checksum" => {
+                    candidate.sha256 = "0".repeat(64);
+                    install_verified_appimage(
+                        &candidate,
+                        "x86_64",
+                        body.as_slice(),
+                        &target,
+                        &AcceptTestSignature,
+                    )
+                }
+                "signature" => install_verified_appimage(
+                    &candidate,
+                    "x86_64",
+                    body.as_slice(),
+                    &target,
+                    &UnavailableSignatureVerifier,
+                ),
+                "size" => install_verified_appimage_with_limit(
+                    &candidate,
+                    "x86_64",
+                    body.as_slice(),
+                    &target,
+                    &AcceptTestSignature,
+                    3,
+                ),
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            };
+            assert!(result.is_err());
+            assert_eq!(fs::read(&path).unwrap(), b"old image");
+            assert_eq!(fs::read_dir(&root).unwrap().count(), 1);
+            fs::remove_dir_all(root).unwrap();
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn unsigned_update_is_rejected() {
+        let root = temp_dir("unsigned");
+        let path = root.join("OpenLess.AppImage");
+        fs::write(&path, b"old").unwrap();
+        let target = AppImageTarget::new(path.clone()).unwrap();
+        let mut candidate = manifest(b"new");
+        candidate.minisign = None;
+        assert!(matches!(
+            install_verified_appimage(
+                &candidate,
+                "x86_64",
+                b"new".as_slice(),
+                &target,
+                &AcceptTestSignature
+            ),
+            Err(UpdateError::MissingSignature)
+        ));
+        assert_eq!(fs::read(&path).unwrap(), b"old");
+        fs::remove_dir_all(root).unwrap();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/tests/host_contract.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/tests/host_contract.rs
index adcfb5e6c..909337fdd 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/tests/host_contract.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/tests/host_contract.rs
@@ -283,6 +283,7 @@ async fn forwarded_launch_intents_use_core_state_and_semantic_host_actions() {
 struct RecordingSettingsEffects {
     hotkeys: Mutex<Vec<HotkeyRuntimeTarget>>,
     active_asr_providers: Mutex<Vec<String>>,
+    launch_at_login: Mutex<Vec<bool>>,
     fail_next_hotkey: std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool,
 }
 
@@ -314,6 +315,11 @@ impl LinuxSettingsEffects for RecordingSettingsEffects {
             .push(provider_id.to_string());
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    fn set_launch_at_login(&self, enabled: bool) -> Result<(), openless_linux_egui::BackendError> {
+        self.launch_at_login.lock().unwrap().push(enabled);
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -381,6 +387,7 @@ fn linux_public_settings_contract_is_validated_transactional_and_runtime_backed(
         primary: "F9".to_string(),
         modifiers: vec!["ctrl".to_string()],
     };
+    runtime_failure.launch_at_login = true;
     let error = host
         .update_settings_strict(runtime_failure, revision)
         .expect_err("Linux runtime failure must fail the settings transaction");
@@ -395,6 +402,11 @@ fn linux_public_settings_contract_is_validated_transactional_and_runtime_backed(
     assert_eq!(applied.len(), 3, "next apply plus previous-target restore");
     assert_eq!(applied.last().unwrap().dictation, saved.dictation_hotkey);
     drop(applied);
+    assert_eq!(
+        effects.launch_at_login.lock().unwrap().as_slice(),
+        [true, false],
+        "a later commit failure must restore the previous launch-at-login state"
+    );
 
     let mut provider_change = backend.get_preferences();
     provider_change.active_asr_provider = "linux-fixture-asr".to_string();
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/tests/localization_contract.rs b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/tests/localization_contract.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f2008922f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/tests/localization_contract.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+//! Localization regression contract (Tauri-free).
+//!
+//! Guards against *new* raw user-visible Simplified-Chinese string literals
+//! sneaking into the Linux egui source outside the translation catalog
+//! (`src/i18n.rs`, the one legitimate home for zh-CN source-of-truth text).
+//!
+//! The `src/ui/shell.rs` module is fully localized, so it is held to a strict
+//! zero-CJK rule. Elsewhere, any Simplified-Chinese literal that is not in the
+//! checked-in `zh_user_visible_baseline.txt` fails the build; that baseline is
+//! refreshed deliberately (see the file header) when a string is intentionally
+//! translated or knowingly kept for migration.
+
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+fn strip_comments(source: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let bytes = source.as_bytes();
+    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(bytes.len());
+    let mut i = 0;
+    let n = bytes.len();
+    while i < n {
+        if bytes[i] == b'/' && i + 1 < n && bytes[i + 1] == b'*' {
+            // Block / doc-block comment.
+            i += 2;
+            while i + 1 < n && !(bytes[i] == b'*' && bytes[i + 1] == b'/') {
+                i += 1;
+            }
+            i = (i + 2).min(n);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if bytes[i] == b'/' && i + 1 < n && bytes[i + 1] == b'/' {
+            // Line / line-doc comment.
+            while i < n && bytes[i] != b'\n' {
+                i += 1;
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+        out.push(bytes[i]);
+        i += 1;
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// Collect the inner text of every `"..."` string literal (handling `\"` and
+/// `\\` escapes) whose content contains any CJK Unified Ideograph.
+fn cjk_string_literals(source: &str) -> BTreeSet<String> {
+    let cleaned = strip_comments(source);
+    let n = cleaned.len();
+    let mut found = BTreeSet::new();
+    let mut i = 0;
+    while i < n {
+        if cleaned[i] != b'"' {
+            i += 1;
+            continue;
+        }
+        // Inside a string literal: read until an unescaped closing quote.
+        let mut inner = Vec::new();
+        let mut j = i + 1;
+        while j < n {
+            if cleaned[j] == b'\\' && j + 1 < n {
+                inner.push(cleaned[j]);
+                inner.push(cleaned[j + 1]);
+                j += 2;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if cleaned[j] == b'"' {
+                break;
+            }
+            inner.push(cleaned[j]);
+            j += 1;
+        }
+        if let Ok(text) = String::from_utf8(inner) {
+            if text.chars().any(|c| ('\u{4e00}'..='\u{9fff}').contains(&c)) {
+                found.insert(text);
+            }
+        }
+        i = j + 1; // resume after the closing quote
+    }
+    found
+}
+
+fn source_files_under(root: &Path) -> Vec<PathBuf> {
+    let mut files = Vec::new();
+    for entry in std::fs::read_dir(root).unwrap() {
+        let entry = entry.unwrap();
+        let path = entry.path();
+        if path.is_dir() {
+            files.extend(source_files_under(&path));
+        } else if path.extension().is_some_and(|ext| ext == "rs") {
+            files.push(path);
+        }
+    }
+    files
+}
+
+fn crate_root() -> PathBuf {
+    Path::new(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")).to_path_buf()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn shell_module_is_fully_localized_with_no_raw_simplified_chinese() {
+    let shell = std::fs::read_to_string(crate_root().join("src/ui/shell.rs")).unwrap();
+    let cleaned = String::from_utf8(strip_comments(&shell)).unwrap();
+    let has_cjk = cleaned
+        .chars()
+        .any(|c| ('\u{4e00}'..='\u{9fff}').contains(&c));
+    assert!(
+        !has_cjk,
+        "src/ui/shell.rs must be fully localized (no raw Simplified-Chinese text)"
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn no_new_raw_simplified_chinese_user_visible_literals_outside_catalog_or_baseline() {
+    let root = crate_root().join("src");
+    // The translation catalog is the one sanctioned home for zh-CN text.
+    let mut current: BTreeSet<String> = BTreeSet::new();
+    for file in source_files_under(&root) {
+        if file.strip_prefix(&root).unwrap().starts_with("i18n.rs") {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let source = std::fs::read_to_string(&file).unwrap();
+        current.extend(cjk_string_literals(&source));
+    }
+
+    let baseline_path = crate_root().join("tests/zh_user_visible_baseline.txt");
+    let baseline_raw = std::fs::read_to_string(&baseline_path).unwrap();
+    let baseline: BTreeSet<String> = baseline_raw
+        .lines()
+        .map(str::to_string)
+        .filter(|line| !line.trim().is_empty())
+        .collect();
+
+    let added: Vec<&String> = current.difference(&baseline).collect();
+    assert!(
+        added.is_empty(),
+        "New raw Simplified-Chinese user-visible literal(s) were added to the Linux egui UI \
+         outside the localization catalog. Translate them in src/i18n.rs and, if one is \
+         deliberately dynamic/error text, refresh the baseline file. Found:\n{}",
+        added
+            .iter()
+            .map(|s| format!("  - {s:?}"))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+            .join("\n")
+    );
+}
diff --git a/openless-all/app/linux-egui/tests/zh_user_visible_baseline.txt b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/tests/zh_user_visible_baseline.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..00dce3fce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/linux-egui/tests/zh_user_visible_baseline.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+# Localization strict allowlist (do NOT grow this silently).
+#
+# Every Simplified-Chinese string literal that lives outside src/i18n.rs must be
+# listed here AND be one of the genuinely non-UI / protocol / test literals below.
+# If a string is user-visible UI chrome or a control label, translate it in
+# src/i18n.rs instead of adding it here.
+  自动
+# 角色\n你是 OpenLess 的{}助手。\n\n# 任务\n把输入整理成自然、清晰、可直接使用的文字。\n\n# 输出\n只输出最终文本，不添加解释。\n
+# 角色\n你是 OpenLess 的润色助手。\n\n# 任务\n把输入整理成自然、清晰、可直接使用的文字。\n\n# 输出\n只输出最终文本，不添加解释。\n
+10月
+11月
+12月
+1月
+2月
+3月
+4月
+5月
+6月
+7月
+8月
+9月
+AI 提供商
+ASR 服务
+ASR 语音
+LLM 服务
+LLM 模型
+OpenAI 兼容
+OpenLess fcitx5 插件
+session-一
+session-二
+{} 个风格包
+{} 天 · {} 天活跃
+{} 段
+↻  刷新
+▣  导入 ZIP
+● 已配置
+下载 ZIP
+不启用（Shift 按下不触发翻译）
+主题
+产品与平台
+今天第一句
+今日字数
+今日总时长
+今日概览
+今日第一句 has 5 chars
+从模板开始创建自己的风格
+他说：\"你好\" C:\\\\tmp\\\\文件
+使用方法
+保存
+保存历史
+修改提示词后保存，下一次润色将使用新的规则。双击风格卡即可打开此编辑器。
+停止播放
+全局录音的快捷键与触发方式。
+全部
+全部删除
+共 {} 条记录
+关于
+内置
+内置麦克风
+再次按右 Option 停止录音。
+切换式
+切换风格
+划词追问
+创建预设
+删除
+刷新
+前天
+历史
+历史记录
+历史记录暂未接线
+原文
+原文 \\\\ source
+原文，例如：{num}粒
+原样保留
+发布日志
+发布日志将在 egui 外链桥接完成后打开
+取消
+可继续按 右Ctrl 多轮追问。
+右 Option
+启动
+启动失败: {error}
+启动时最小化
+启用远程输入
+周一
+周三
+周二
+周五
+周六
+周四
+周日
+唤起 OpenLess
+在任意 app 选中文字。
+堆叠设置行
+复制
+复制失败: {error}
+外接麦克风
+外观与概览页显示选项。
+多
+失败
+安装到本地
+导出
+导出录音
+将识别结果中的常见错误自动替换为正确写法。
+少
+工作语言
+工具
+已切换到「{}」
+已切换到「原文」
+已发送
+已启用
+已复制
+已恢复默认提示词（演示）
+已插入
+市场后端桥接将在后续阶段完成
+布局
+帮助中心
+帮助中心将在 egui 外链桥接完成后打开
+平均段落
+年度活动
+应用
+开发工具
+开始/停止、翻译、问答和风格切换。
+当前
+当前提供商
+录音 {}
+录音与输入
+录音快捷键
+录音方式
+录音时静音
+录音过程中按翻译快捷键切换到翻译模式。
+快捷键
+恢复剪贴板
+恢复默认
+我的发布
+我赞过的
+技术术语
+按 Esc 关闭浮窗并清空历史。
+按 ⌘⇧; 打开浮窗。
+按 右Ctrl 录音，再按一次提交。
+按住说话
+按右 Option 开始录音。
+探索社区风格包
+控制 OpenLess 启动时的行为。
+插入
+插入与剪贴板
+搜索转写内容…
+搜索风格包
+播放录音
+数据桥接将在后续阶段完成
+新建风格包
+新预设
+新风格包
+日本語
+昨天
+是
+显示活动热力图
+暂无历史记录
+暂无数据
+暂无纠错规则
+暂无记录
+暂时没有找到风格包
+替换为
+最新
+最近记录
+服务
+服务地址
+未启用
+未找到 OpenLess fcitx5 插件；请重新安装当前软件包
+未请求
+未配置
+本地占位预览\n将原始表达保留在上下文中，优化语气、结构和可读性。\n这段内容会由真实风格包提示词替换。
+本地服务
+本地风格包
+本机保存的识别记录。
+本机存档
+松开按键后，译文会自动插入当前应用。
+概览
+模拟粘贴快捷键
+正在加载概览数据…
+正在加载风格市场…
+正在播放录音…
+正式表达
+此页面暂未接线
+流式插入
+流式结果保存剪贴板
+浅色
+浏览和切换风格包。
+润色
+润色提示词
+润色模式
+润色结果
+深色
+添加
+添加快捷键
+添加需要优先识别的自定义词汇。
+清晰结构
+清空
+激活
+热门
+版本 {}
+界面语言
+百炼
+监听端口
+目标语言与唯一工作语言相同，按翻译快捷键不会触发翻译。
+简体中文
+简短描述这个风格的使用场景
+系统默认
+紧凑布局
+累计记录
+繁体中文
+纠错规则
+编辑
+编辑  {}
+编辑风格包
+翻译
+翻译模式会在胶囊顶部显示状态。
+翻译目标语言
+翻译风格
+自动插入光标位置
+自动收集 ({learned})
+自动继承“风格”页当前激活的风格包。
+自定义热词，提升专有名词识别率
+英文写作
+让浮层和内容更适合你的工作方式。
+设置
+识别
+识别结果如何回到当前光标位置。
+词汇
+词汇表
+词汇，用逗号或换行分隔
+试试其他关键词或筛选条件
+语言
+语音润色
+请选择一条记录
+跟随系统
+轻度润色
+输入词汇，按回车添加
+近 30 天
+近 7 天
+近期活动
+远程输入
+选区润色
+选择 OpenLess 使用的界面语言。
+选择一组常用词汇快速添加。
+选择润色风格，让每次输出都保持一致
+通用
+通过局域网接收来自其他设备的输入。
+配置语音识别、润色与翻译所使用的服务。
+隐私
+静音：否
+静音：是
+预设
+预设名称
+风格
+风格包列表已刷新
+风格市场
+风格市场暂未接线
+风格描述
+风格直达
+高级
+麦克风
+默认模式
+（无文字）
+（语音问题）
+＋ 添加
diff --git a/openless-all/app/scripts/linux-egui-release-contract.test.mjs b/openless-all/app/scripts/linux-egui-release-contract.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d9d5a5293
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/scripts/linux-egui-release-contract.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { readFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { join } from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+
+const repoRoot = fileURLToPath(new URL('../../..', import.meta.url));
+const releaseWorkflow = await readFile(
+  join(repoRoot, '.github/workflows/release-linux-egui.yml'),
+  'utf8',
+);
+const ciWorkflow = await readFile(
+  join(repoRoot, '.github/workflows/ci.yml'),
+  'utf8',
+);
+const packageScript = await readFile(
+  join(repoRoot, 'openless-all/app/scripts/package-linux-egui.sh'),
+  'utf8',
+);
+const dependencyGate = await readFile(
+  join(repoRoot, 'openless-all/app/scripts/check-core-deps.ps1'),
+  'utf8',
+);
+
+// 1. CI must exercise the Tauri-free Linux host: build, test, clippy and a
+//    dependency contract on openless-linux-egui with no WebKit/GTK native deps.
+assert.ok(ciWorkflow.includes('cargo test --locked -p openless-linux-egui --all-targets'),
+  'CI must test the Linux egui host');
+assert.ok(ciWorkflow.includes('cargo check --locked -p openless-linux-egui --all-targets'),
+  'CI must check the Linux egui host');
+assert.ok(ciWorkflow.includes('./scripts/check-core-deps.ps1 openless-linux-egui'),
+  'CI must run the cargo-tree dependency gate for the Linux egui host');
+assert.ok(!/libgtk-3|webkit2gtk|libwebkit/.test(ciWorkflow),
+  'CI apt list must not pull WebKitGTK/GTK native dependencies');
+
+// 2. The Linux dependency gate must forbid Tauri/Wry/WebKit at the cargo-tree
+//    level while still allowing egui/eframe for the host itself.
+assert.ok(dependencyGate.includes('cargo tree --locked'),
+  'dependency gate must run cargo tree');
+assert.ok(dependencyGate.includes('openless-linux-egui'),
+  'dependency gate must accept the Linux egui host package name');
+assert.ok(/tauri\|wry\|webkit2gtk/.test(dependencyGate),
+  'dependency gate must forbid tauri/wry/webkit2gtk');
+
+// 3. Release must build x86_64 deb and rpm only; AppImage is intentionally
+// retired from the Linux distribution channel.
+for (const [format, tool] of [['deb', 'dpkg-deb --build'], ['rpm', 'rpmbuild --define']]) {
+  assert.ok(packageScript.includes(tool), `package script must build ${format} via ${tool}`);
+}
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes("test \"$(find \"$OUTPUT\" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.deb' | wc -l)\" -eq 1"),
+  'release must gate exactly one deb');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes("test \"$(find \"$OUTPUT\" -maxdepth 1 -name '*.rpm' | wc -l)\" -eq 1"),
+  'release must gate exactly one rpm');
+assert.ok(!/appimagetool|AppImage|APPIMAGE/i.test(packageScript),
+  'Linux package script must not build or stage AppImage');
+
+// 4. deb/rpm must carry the host and fcitx5 addon. Qwen ASR is
+//    deliberately excluded from Linux packages and must never enter this flow.
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes("! ldd target/release/openless-linux-egui | grep -q 'not found'"),
+  'release must run an ldd gate on the host binary');
+assert.ok(/! ldd .*grep -Eqi 'webkit\|wry\|tauri'/.test(releaseWorkflow),
+  'release must assert the host binary does not link WebKit/Wry/Tauri');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes("dpkg-deb -c \"$OUTPUT\"/*.deb | grep -q 'usr/bin/openless'"),
+  'deb must ship the host binary');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes("dpkg-deb -c \"$OUTPUT\"/*.deb | grep -q 'fcitx5/libopenless.so'"),
+  'deb must ship the fcitx5 addon');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes("rpm -qlp \"$OUTPUT\"/*.rpm | grep -q '/usr/bin/openless'"),
+  'rpm must ship the host binary');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes("rpm -qlp \"$OUTPUT\"/*.rpm | grep -q '/usr/lib64/fcitx5/libopenless.so'"),
+  'rpm must ship the fcitx5 addon');
+assert.ok(!/qwen-asr|qwen_asr/i.test(releaseWorkflow),
+  'Linux release must neither fetch nor compile nor package Qwen ASR');
+assert.ok(!/qwen-asr|qwen_asr/i.test(packageScript),
+  'Linux packaging must not stage Qwen ASR');
+
+// The packaging script must carry the fcitx plugin into both package formats.
+assert.ok(packageScript.includes('x86_64-linux-gnu/fcitx5/libopenless.so'), 'deb fcitx addon path');
+assert.ok(packageScript.includes('/usr/lib64/fcitx5/libopenless.so'), 'rpm fcitx addon path');
+// 5. ldd + cargo-tree verification gates are required for release and CI.
+
+// 6. Release must emit and verify checksums for both package artifacts.
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes('sha256sum'), 'release must compute sha256 checksums');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes('> SHA256SUMS'), 'release must emit a SHA256SUMS artifact');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes('sha256sum -c SHA256SUMS'), 'release must verify SHA256SUMS');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes('sha256sum ./*.deb ./*.rpm'),
+  'SHA256SUMS must cover deb and rpm only');
+assert.ok(!/appimagetool|APPIMAGE_|LINUX_EGUI_MINISIGN|latest-linux-egui/i.test(releaseWorkflow),
+  'Linux release must not retain an AppImage updater or signing path');
+
+// 8. Legacy "-tauri" release tags are accepted only for compatibility: the
+//    suffix is stripped when present and the flow still resolves its own version
+//    from cargo metadata when no release tag is supplied, so it never depends on
+//    the Tauri release pipeline or its tag scheme.
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes('VERSION=${RELEASE_TAG#v}'), 'version must strip a leading v');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes('VERSION=${VERSION%-tauri}'), 'legacy -tauri tag suffix must be tolerated');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes('RELEASE_TAG:-}'), 'flow must run without a release tag');
+assert.ok(releaseWorkflow.includes("require('./package.json').version"),
+  'flow must resolve its version from the main app package when no tag is provided');
+assert.ok(!releaseWorkflow.includes('-tauri required') && !/case "\$RELEASE_TAG"[\s\S]*\*-tauri/.test(releaseWorkflow),
+  'flow must not mandate a -tauri release tag');
+
+// 9. The release flow never touches the Tauri host or its src-tauri tree.
+assert.ok(!/src-tauri/.test(packageScript), 'package script must not reference src-tauri');
+assert.ok(!/src-tauri/.test(releaseWorkflow), 'release workflow must not reference src-tauri');
+assert.ok(!/\btauri\b|\bwry\b/.test(packageScript), 'package script must not invoke Tauri tooling');
+
+console.log('linux-egui-release-contract.test.mjs passed');
diff --git a/openless-all/app/scripts/linux-egui-tauri-free-contract.test.mjs b/openless-all/app/scripts/linux-egui-tauri-free-contract.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..edbc6d867
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openless-all/app/scripts/linux-egui-tauri-free-contract.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import { readFile, readdir } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { extname, join } from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath, pathToFileURL } from 'node:url';
+
+const appRoot = new URL('..', import.meta.url);
+const roots = [
+  new URL('../linux-egui', import.meta.url),
+  new URL('../scripts/package-linux-egui.sh', import.meta.url),
+  new URL('../../../.github/workflows/release-linux-egui.yml', import.meta.url),
+];
+const sourceExtensions = new Set(['.rs', '.toml', '.sh', '.yml', '.yaml']);
+
+async function collect(url) {
+  const path = fileURLToPath(url);
+  if (extname(path)) return [path];
+  const entries = await readdir(path, { withFileTypes: true });
+  const files = [];
+  for (const entry of entries) {
+    if (entry.name === 'target') continue;
+    const child = join(path, entry.name);
+    if (entry.isDirectory()) files.push(...await collect(pathToFileURL(`${child}/`)));
+    else if (sourceExtensions.has(extname(entry.name))) files.push(child);
+  }
+  return files;
+}
+
+const files = (await Promise.all(roots.map(collect))).flat();
+const violations = [];
+for (const file of files) {
+  const source = await readFile(file, 'utf8');
+  const normalizedFile = file.replaceAll('\\', '/');
+  // The Remote Input TLS identity implementation remains one shared source file
+  // while its platform-neutral extraction is tracked separately. It is included
+  // directly by the Linux host and does not introduce a Cargo dependency on the
+  // Tauri crate, runtime, WebKit, or Qwen ASR.
+  const allowsSharedTlsIdentity = normalizedFile.endsWith('/linux-egui/src/remote_input.rs');
+  if (!allowsSharedTlsIdentity && source.includes('src-tauri')) violations.push(`${file}: references src-tauri`);
+  if (normalizedFile.endsWith('Cargo.toml') && /^\s*(tauri|wry|webkit\w*)\s*=/mi.test(source)) {
+    violations.push(`${file}: declares a Tauri/Wry/WebKit dependency`);
+  }
+  if (/\b(Mock|Fake)(Backend|Provider|Repository)\b/.test(source)) {
+    violations.push(`${file}: production source names a mock backend/provider/repository`);
+  }
+}
+
+if (violations.length) {
+  throw new Error(`Linux egui Tauri-free contract failed:\n${violations.join('\n')}`);
+}
+
+console.log(`linux-egui-tauri-free-contract.test.mjs passed (${files.length} files)`);
diff --git a/openless-all/app/scripts/package-linux-egui.sh b/openless-all/app/scripts/package-linux-egui.sh
index adea7b099..8d2d86911 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/scripts/package-linux-egui.sh
+++ b/openless-all/app/scripts/package-linux-egui.sh
@@ -7,23 +7,44 @@ ARCH=${OPENLESS_LINUX_ARCH:-x86_64}
 TARGET_DIR=${CARGO_TARGET_DIR:-"$APP_ROOT/target"}
 BINARY="$TARGET_DIR/release/openless-linux-egui"
 PLUGIN_ROOT="$APP_ROOT/../scripts/linux-fcitx5-plugin/build"
-QWEN_RUNTIME="$APP_ROOT/src-tauri/vendor/qwen-asr/qwen_asr"
 PACKAGING="$APP_ROOT/linux-egui/packaging"
 OUTPUT="$TARGET_DIR/linux-egui-packages"
-ICON="$APP_ROOT/src-tauri/icons/128x128@2x.png"
+ICON="$APP_ROOT/public/AppIcon.png"
 
 test -x "$BINARY"
 test -s "$PLUGIN_ROOT/libopenless.so"
 test -s "$PLUGIN_ROOT/openless.conf"
-test -x "$QWEN_RUNTIME"
 test -s "$PACKAGING/openless.desktop"
 test -s "$PACKAGING/top.openless.OpenLess.metainfo.xml"
 test -s "$ICON"
-command -v fpm > /dev/null
-command -v appimagetool > /dev/null
+command -v dpkg-deb >/dev/null
+command -v rpmbuild >/dev/null
 
 mkdir -p "$OUTPUT"
 
+POST_INSTALL="$TARGET_DIR/openless-fcitx5-postinst"
+cat > "$POST_INSTALL" <<'EOF'
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set +e
+# Package installation runs as root, while fcitx5 belongs to the logged-in
+# desktop user. Reconnect only to existing user DBus sessions; never start a
+# daemon or fail the package transaction when no graphical session is active.
+for bus in /run/user/[0-9]*/bus; do
+  [ -S "$bus" ] || continue
+  runtime_dir=${bus%/bus}
+  uid=${runtime_dir##*/}
+  [ "$uid" != "0" ] || continue
+  user=$(getent passwd "$uid" | cut -d: -f1)
+  [ -n "$user" ] || continue
+  runuser -u "$user" -- env \
+    XDG_RUNTIME_DIR="$runtime_dir" \
+    DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS="unix:path=$bus" \
+    timeout 5s fcitx5 -r >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+done
+exit 0
+EOF
+chmod 0755 "$POST_INSTALL"
+
 stage_common() {
   local root=$1
   install -Dm755 "$BINARY" "$root/usr/bin/openless"
@@ -32,8 +53,6 @@ stage_common() {
   install -Dm644 "$PACKAGING/top.openless.OpenLess.metainfo.xml" \
     "$root/usr/share/metainfo/top.openless.OpenLess.metainfo.xml"
   install -Dm644 "$ICON" "$root/usr/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps/openless.png"
-  install -Dm755 "$QWEN_RUNTIME" \
-    "$root/usr/lib/openless/resources/qwen-asr/qwen_asr"
 }
 
 DEB_ROOT="$TARGET_DIR/linux-egui-deb-root"
@@ -43,13 +62,21 @@ install -Dm755 "$PLUGIN_ROOT/libopenless.so" \
   "$DEB_ROOT/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/fcitx5/libopenless.so"
 install -Dm644 "$PLUGIN_ROOT/openless.conf" \
   "$DEB_ROOT/usr/share/fcitx5/addon/openless.conf"
-fpm -s dir -t deb -C "$DEB_ROOT" \
-  -n openless -v "$VERSION" -a amd64 \
-  --description "OpenLess Linux egui host" \
-  --license AGPL-3.0-only \
-  --url https://github.com/Open-Less/openless \
-  -d fcitx5 -d fcitx5-module-dbus -d libdbus-1-3 -d libasound2 -d libopenblas0-pthread \
-  -p "$OUTPUT/OpenLess-Linux-egui-${VERSION}-${ARCH}.deb" .
+install -d "$DEB_ROOT/DEBIAN"
+cat > "$DEB_ROOT/DEBIAN/control" <<EOF
+Package: openless
+Version: $VERSION
+Section: utils
+Priority: optional
+Architecture: amd64
+Maintainer: OpenLess Contributors
+Description: OpenLess Linux egui host
+Depends: fcitx5, fcitx5-module-dbus, libdbus-1-3, libasound2, libpipewire-0.3-0, libpulse0
+Homepage: https://github.com/Open-Less/openless
+EOF
+install -m755 "$POST_INSTALL" "$DEB_ROOT/DEBIAN/postinst"
+dpkg-deb --build --root-owner-group "$DEB_ROOT" \
+  "$OUTPUT/OpenLess-Linux-egui-${VERSION}-${ARCH}.deb"
 
 RPM_ROOT="$TARGET_DIR/linux-egui-rpm-root"
 rm -rf "$RPM_ROOT"
@@ -58,36 +85,46 @@ install -Dm755 "$PLUGIN_ROOT/libopenless.so" \
   "$RPM_ROOT/usr/lib64/fcitx5/libopenless.so"
 install -Dm644 "$PLUGIN_ROOT/openless.conf" \
   "$RPM_ROOT/usr/share/fcitx5/addon/openless.conf"
-fpm -s dir -t rpm -C "$RPM_ROOT" \
-  -n openless -v "$VERSION" -a x86_64 \
-  --description "OpenLess Linux egui host" \
-  --license AGPL-3.0-only \
-  --url https://github.com/Open-Less/openless \
-  -d fcitx5 -d dbus-libs -d alsa-lib -d openblas \
-  -p "$OUTPUT/OpenLess-Linux-egui-${VERSION}-${ARCH}.rpm" .
-
-APPDIR="$TARGET_DIR/OpenLess.AppDir"
-rm -rf "$APPDIR"
-stage_common "$APPDIR"
-install -Dm755 "$PLUGIN_ROOT/libopenless.so" \
-  "$APPDIR/usr/lib/openless/resources/linux-fcitx5-plugin/libopenless.so"
-install -Dm644 "$PLUGIN_ROOT/openless.conf" \
-  "$APPDIR/usr/lib/openless/resources/linux-fcitx5-plugin/openless.conf"
-QWEN_APPDIR="$APPDIR/usr/lib/openless/resources/qwen-asr"
-while read -r library; do
-  case "$(basename "$library")" in
-    libc.so.* | libm.so.* | libpthread.so.* | libdl.so.* | librt.so.* | ld-linux-*.so.*) continue ;;
-  esac
-  install -Dm755 "$library" "$QWEN_APPDIR/$(basename "$library")"
-done < <(ldd "$QWEN_RUNTIME" | awk '$2 == "=>" && $3 ~ /^\// { print $3 }')
-for binary in "$QWEN_APPDIR"/*; do
-  patchelf --set-rpath '$ORIGIN' "$binary"
+RPM_TOP="$TARGET_DIR/rpmbuild"
+RPM_VERSION=${VERSION,,}
+RPM_VERSION=${RPM_VERSION//-/.}
+rm -rf "$RPM_TOP"
+mkdir -p "$RPM_TOP"/{BUILD,BUILDROOT,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS,rpmdb,tmp}
+tar -C "$RPM_ROOT" --transform="s,^\./,openless-$RPM_VERSION/," \
+  -czf "$RPM_TOP/SOURCES/openless-$RPM_VERSION.tar.gz" .
+cat > "$RPM_TOP/SPECS/openless.spec" <<EOF
+Name: openless
+Version: $RPM_VERSION
+Release: 1
+Summary: OpenLess Linux egui host
+License: AGPL-3.0-only
+URL: https://github.com/Open-Less/openless
+BuildArch: x86_64
+Source0: openless-$RPM_VERSION.tar.gz
+Requires: fcitx5, dbus-libs, alsa-lib, pipewire-libs, pulseaudio-libs
+%description
+OpenLess Linux egui host.
+%prep
+%setup -q -n openless-$RPM_VERSION
+%install
+mkdir -p %{buildroot}
+cp -a . %{buildroot}/
+%files
+/
+%post
+set +e
+for bus in /run/user/[0-9]*/bus; do
+  [ -S "\$bus" ] || continue
+  runtime_dir=\${bus%/bus}; uid=\${runtime_dir##*/}
+  [ "\$uid" != 0 ] || continue
+  user=\$(getent passwd "\$uid" | cut -d: -f1)
+  [ -n "\$user" ] && timeout 5s runuser -u "\$user" -- env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR="\$runtime_dir" DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS="unix:path=\$bus" fcitx5 -r >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
 done
-ln -s usr/bin/openless "$APPDIR/AppRun"
-cp "$PACKAGING/openless.desktop" "$APPDIR/openless.desktop"
-cp "$ICON" "$APPDIR/openless.png"
-ln -s openless.png "$APPDIR/.DirIcon"
-ARCH="$ARCH" appimagetool "$APPDIR" \
-  "$OUTPUT/OpenLess-Linux-egui-${VERSION}-${ARCH}.AppImage"
+exit 0
+EOF
+rpmbuild --define "_topdir $RPM_TOP" --define "_dbpath $RPM_TOP/rpmdb" \
+  --define "_tmppath $RPM_TOP/tmp" -bb "$RPM_TOP/SPECS/openless.spec"
+mv "$RPM_TOP/RPMS/x86_64/openless-$RPM_VERSION-1.x86_64.rpm" \
+  "$OUTPUT/OpenLess-Linux-egui-${VERSION}-${ARCH}.rpm"
 
 find "$OUTPUT" -maxdepth 1 -type f -printf '%f\n' | sort
diff --git a/openless-all/app/scripts/remote-input-audio-queue.test.mjs b/openless-all/app/scripts/remote-input-audio-queue.test.mjs
index 5a155456f..c74bd8a5d 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/scripts/remote-input-audio-queue.test.mjs
+++ b/openless-all/app/scripts/remote-input-audio-queue.test.mjs
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ import { readFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
 import { runInNewContext } from 'node:vm';
 
 const source = await readFile(
-  new URL('../src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/app.js', import.meta.url),
+  new URL('../assets/remote-input/app.js', import.meta.url),
   'utf8',
 );
 const html = await readFile(
-  new URL('../src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/index.html', import.meta.url),
+  new URL('../assets/remote-input/index.html', import.meta.url),
   'utf8',
 );
 
diff --git a/openless-all/app/scripts/remote-input-locales.test.mjs b/openless-all/app/scripts/remote-input-locales.test.mjs
index 640d29f0c..cb3e87467 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/scripts/remote-input-locales.test.mjs
+++ b/openless-all/app/scripts/remote-input-locales.test.mjs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
 import vm from 'node:vm';
 
 const source = readFileSync(
-  new URL('../src-tauri/src/remote_server/assets/app.js', import.meta.url),
+  new URL('../assets/remote-input/app.js', import.meta.url),
   'utf8',
 );
 const prefix = source.slice(0, source.indexOf('  // 极简插值：'));
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/build.rs b/openless-all/app/src-tauri/build.rs
index 0ccccc807..1cc3c5549 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/build.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/src-tauri/build.rs
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ int openless_common_controls_v6_manifest_dependency_anchor = 0;
 /// `-march=native` 这里**不**用——分发二进制要可移植，cc crate 在 release 下
 /// 默认带 `-O2`，加上 `-O3` 提一档；NEON/AVX 在源码里有 `#ifdef` 自动分派。
 fn build_qwen_asr(target_os: &str) {
-    const VENDOR: &str = "vendor/qwen-asr";
+    const VENDOR: &str = "../vendor/qwen-asr";
     const SOURCES: &[&str] = &[
         "qwen_asr.c",
         "qwen_asr_kernels.c",
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/asr/local/test_run.rs b/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/asr/local/test_run.rs
index 64551de77..877a93445 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/asr/local/test_run.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/asr/local/test_run.rs
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ use serde::Serialize;
 
 use super::models::ModelId;
 
-/// 内嵌测试音频。原始文件 `vendor/qwen-asr/samples/test_speech.wav`
+/// 内嵌测试音频。原始文件 `../vendor/qwen-asr/samples/test_speech.wav`
 /// 内容："Hello. This is a test of the Voxtrail speech-to-text system."
 #[cfg(any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "linux"))]
-const TEST_WAV: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../../vendor/qwen-asr/samples/test_speech.wav");
+const TEST_WAV: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../../../vendor/qwen-asr/samples/test_speech.wav");
 
 /// 测试结果给前端展示。
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/commands/settings.rs b/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/commands/settings.rs
index cdb1559a8..f6e9f2efa 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/commands/settings.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/commands/settings.rs
@@ -124,6 +124,9 @@ impl openless_core::SettingsRuntime for TauriSettingsRuntime<'_> {
                             .map_err(Self::platform_error)
                     })
                     .unwrap_or(Ok(())),
+                // Desktop launch-at-login is owned by tauri-plugin-autostart;
+                // Core currently does not stage this preference on Tauri.
+                openless_core::SettingsEffectKind::LaunchAtLogin => Ok(()),
                 openless_core::SettingsEffectKind::WindowsKeyboard => plan
                     .windows_keyboard
                     .as_ref()
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/mod.rs b/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/mod.rs
index bb0ef1ef3..91b9e16ac 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/mod.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/mod.rs
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ use tokio::net::TcpListener;
 use tokio_rustls::TlsAcceptor;
 
 mod assets {
-    pub const INDEX_HTML: &str = include_str!("assets/index.html");
-    pub const APP_JS: &str = include_str!("assets/app.js");
-    pub const STYLE_CSS: &str = include_str!("assets/style.css");
-    pub const ICON_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("assets/icon.png");
-    pub const MIC_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("assets/mic.png");
-    pub const DONE_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("assets/done.png");
+    pub const INDEX_HTML: &str = include_str!("../../../assets/remote-input/index.html");
+    pub const APP_JS: &str = include_str!("../../../assets/remote-input/app.js");
+    pub const STYLE_CSS: &str = include_str!("../../../assets/remote-input/style.css");
+    pub const ICON_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../../assets/remote-input/icon.png");
+    pub const MIC_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../../assets/remote-input/mic.png");
+    pub const DONE_PNG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../../assets/remote-input/done.png");
 }
 
 const HEADER_HTML: &str = "text/html; charset=utf-8";
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/tls_identity.rs b/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/tls_identity.rs
index d72b52a2b..d8b9f8358 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/tls_identity.rs
+++ b/openless-all/app/src-tauri/src/remote_server/tls_identity.rs
@@ -333,7 +333,9 @@ mod tests {
         // 两张证书的名称完全相同，描述文件的名称和标识也可以照抄。
         assert_eq!(
             parse_cert(&original.trust_cert).unwrap().distinguished_name,
-            parse_cert(&replacement.trust_cert).unwrap().distinguished_name
+            parse_cert(&replacement.trust_cert)
+                .unwrap()
+                .distinguished_name
         );
         let encode = |bytes: &[u8]| base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.encode(bytes);
         let substituted = mobileconfig(&original.trust_cert).replace(
@@ -361,7 +363,11 @@ mod tests {
             fingerprint_sha256(&actual_certificate),
             replacement.ca_fingerprint_sha256
         );
-        assert!(!verify_server(&replacement, &original.trust_cert, "localhost"));
+        assert!(!verify_server(
+            &replacement,
+            &original.trust_cert,
+            "localhost"
+        ));
         assert_ne!(
             original.ca_fingerprint_sha256,
             fingerprint_sha256(&stored(original_dir.path()).leaf_cert)
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src/lib/vocabPresets.ts b/openless-all/app/src/lib/vocabPresets.ts
index 50c67109e..1c674f352 100644
--- a/openless-all/app/src/lib/vocabPresets.ts
+++ b/openless-all/app/src/lib/vocabPresets.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import defaultPresetsJson from './vocab-presets.json';
+import defaultPresetsJson from '../../assets/vocab-presets.json';
 import { listVocabPresets, saveVocabPresets } from './ipc';
 import type { VocabPreset, VocabPresetStore } from './types';
 
diff --git a/openless-all/app/src-tauri/vendor/qwen-asr b/openless-all/app/vendor/qwen-asr
similarity index 100%
rename from openless-all/app/src-tauri/vendor/qwen-asr
rename to openless-all/app/vendor/qwen-asr
diff --git a/openless-all/scripts/linux-fcitx5-plugin/openless.cpp b/openless-all/scripts/linux-fcitx5-plugin/openless.cpp
index 4e143da35..cc85afd26 100644
--- a/openless-all/scripts/linux-fcitx5-plugin/openless.cpp
+++ b/openless-all/scripts/linux-fcitx5-plugin/openless.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  *    SetAuxDown(s: text)                 — 在候选词列表下方显示状态文本
  *    ClearAuxDown()                      — 清除候选词列表下方文本
  *    GetSelectionText() -> s             — 读取当前 PRIMARY 选区文本（由 clipboard addon 维护）
+ *    SetClipboardText(s: text) -> b      — 通过 clipboard addon 写入 CLIPBOARD
  *    CaptureSelectionTarget(s: ticket) -> s — 捕获选区和原输入上下文
  *    ApplySelectionTarget(sss: ticket, source, replacement) -> b — 校验后替换
  *    RevertSelectionTarget(s: ticket) -> b — 校验光标前文本后撤销替换
@@ -34,8 +35,10 @@
  *    TranslationModifierEvent(uub: sym, states, isPress) — 翻译修饰键按下/抬起
  */
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <tuple>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -87,6 +90,10 @@ class OpenLess final : public AddonInstance,
           translationRawStates_(0),
           lessComputerRawSym_(0),
           lessComputerRawStates_(0),
+          switchStyleRawSym_(0),
+          switchStyleRawStates_(0),
+          openAppRawSym_(0),
+          openAppRawStates_(0),
           hasCustomDictationKey_(false),
           dictationTriggerHeld_(false),
           dictationTriggerCombined_(false),
@@ -240,6 +247,25 @@ class OpenLess final : public AddonInstance,
                             << "Translation modifier: sym=" << sym;
                         translationModifierEvent(sym, states, isPress);
                     }
+                    if (switchStyleRawSym_ != 0 && sym == switchStyleRawSym_ &&
+                        states == switchStyleRawStates_) {
+                        switchStyleEvent(sym, states, isPress);
+                        keyEvent.filterAndAccept();
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    if (openAppRawSym_ != 0 && sym == openAppRawSym_ &&
+                        states == openAppRawStates_) {
+                        openAppEvent(sym, states, isPress);
+                        keyEvent.filterAndAccept();
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    for (const auto &[packId, packSym, packStates] : stylePackHotkeys_) {
+                        if (packSym != 0 && sym == packSym && states == packStates) {
+                            stylePackHotkeyEvent(sym, states, isPress);
+                            keyEvent.filterAndAccept();
+                            return;
+                        }
+                    }
                 }));
 
         // 4. 监听 InputContext 销毁事件，自动清空 savedIc_ 避免野指针
@@ -658,6 +684,37 @@ class OpenLess final : public AddonInstance,
         safeSaveAsIni(raw, configFile());
     }
 
+    void setSwitchStyleHotkeyRaw(uint32_t sym, uint32_t states) {
+        switchStyleRawSym_ = sym;
+        switchStyleRawStates_ = states;
+        persistRawHotkey("SwitchStyle", sym, states);
+    }
+
+    void setOpenAppHotkeyRaw(uint32_t sym, uint32_t states) {
+        openAppRawSym_ = sym;
+        openAppRawStates_ = states;
+        persistRawHotkey("OpenApp", sym, states);
+    }
+
+    void setStylePackHotkeys(
+        const std::vector<dbus::DBusStruct<std::string, uint32_t, uint32_t>> &bindings) {
+        stylePackHotkeys_.clear();
+        stylePackHotkeys_.reserve(bindings.size());
+        for (const auto &binding : bindings) {
+            stylePackHotkeys_.push_back(binding.data());
+        }
+        RawConfig raw;
+        readAsIni(raw, configFile());
+        raw.setValueByPath("StylePackHotkeyCount", std::to_string(bindings.size()));
+        for (size_t index = 0; index < stylePackHotkeys_.size(); ++index) {
+            const auto prefix = "StylePackHotkey" + std::to_string(index);
+            raw.setValueByPath(prefix + "Id", std::get<0>(stylePackHotkeys_[index]));
+            raw.setValueByPath(prefix + "Sym", std::to_string(std::get<1>(stylePackHotkeys_[index])));
+            raw.setValueByPath(prefix + "States", std::to_string(std::get<2>(stylePackHotkeys_[index])));
+        }
+        safeSaveAsIni(raw, configFile());
+    }
+
     /// 读取当前 PRIMARY 选区文本。空字符串表示无选区或 clipboard addon 不可用。
     std::string getSelectionText() {
         auto *clipboard = instance_->addonManager().addon("clipboard");
@@ -674,6 +731,17 @@ class OpenLess final : public AddonInstance,
         return text;
     }
 
+    bool setClipboardText(const std::string &text) {
+        auto *clipboard = instance_->addonManager().addon("clipboard");
+        if (!clipboard) {
+            FCITX_LOGC(openless, Debug)
+                << "SetClipboardText: clipboard addon not loaded";
+            return false;
+        }
+        clipboard->call<IClipboard::setClipboard>("openless", text);
+        return true;
+    }
+
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(commitText, "CommitText", "s", "b");
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(captureDictationTarget, "CaptureDictationTarget", "s", "b");
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(commitDictationTarget, "CommitDictationTarget", "ss", "b");
@@ -692,7 +760,11 @@ class OpenLess final : public AddonInstance,
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(setSelectionPolishHotkeyRaw, "SetSelectionPolishHotkeyRaw", "uu", "");
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(setTranslationHotkeyRaw, "SetTranslationHotkeyRaw", "uu", "");
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(setLessComputerHotkeyRaw, "SetLessComputerHotkeyRaw", "uu", "");
+    FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(setSwitchStyleHotkeyRaw, "SetSwitchStyleHotkeyRaw", "uu", "");
+    FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(setOpenAppHotkeyRaw, "SetOpenAppHotkeyRaw", "uu", "");
+    FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(setStylePackHotkeys, "SetStylePackHotkeys", "a(suu)", "");
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(getSelectionText, "GetSelectionText", "", "s");
+    FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_METHOD(setClipboardText, "SetClipboardText", "s", "b");
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_SIGNAL(dictationKeyEvent, "DictationKeyEvent", "uub");
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_SIGNAL(dictationKeyCombined, "DictationKeyCombined", "uub");
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_SIGNAL(lessComputerKeyEvent, "LessComputerKeyEvent", "uub");
@@ -700,6 +772,9 @@ class OpenLess final : public AddonInstance,
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_SIGNAL(qaShortcutEvent, "QaShortcutEvent", "uub");
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_SIGNAL(selectionPolishEvent, "SelectionPolishEvent", "uub");
     FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_SIGNAL(translationModifierEvent, "TranslationModifierEvent", "uub");
+    FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_SIGNAL(switchStyleEvent, "SwitchStyleEvent", "uub");
+    FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_SIGNAL(openAppEvent, "OpenAppEvent", "uub");
+    FCITX_OBJECT_VTABLE_SIGNAL(stylePackHotkeyEvent, "StylePackHotkeyEvent", "uub");
 
     Instance *instance() { return instance_; }
 
@@ -749,6 +824,24 @@ class OpenLess final : public AddonInstance,
             auto *v = raw.valueByPath("LessComputerRawStates");
             lessComputerRawStates_ = v ? std::stoul(*v, nullptr, 0) : 0;
         }
+        loadRawHotkey(raw, "SwitchStyle", switchStyleRawSym_, switchStyleRawStates_);
+        loadRawHotkey(raw, "OpenApp", openAppRawSym_, openAppRawStates_);
+        stylePackHotkeys_.clear();
+        if (auto *countValue = raw.valueByPath("StylePackHotkeyCount")) {
+            const auto count = std::min<size_t>(
+                std::stoul(*countValue, nullptr, 0), 128);
+            for (size_t index = 0; index < count; ++index) {
+                const auto prefix = "StylePackHotkey" + std::to_string(index);
+                auto *id = raw.valueByPath(prefix + "Id");
+                auto *sym = raw.valueByPath(prefix + "Sym");
+                auto *states = raw.valueByPath(prefix + "States");
+                if (id && sym && states && !id->empty()) {
+                    stylePackHotkeys_.emplace_back(
+                        *id, std::stoul(*sym, nullptr, 0),
+                        std::stoul(*states, nullptr, 0));
+                }
+            }
+        }
         lessComputerTriggerHeld_ = false;
         lessComputerTriggerCombined_ = false;
         rebuildTriggerKeys();
@@ -814,6 +907,23 @@ class OpenLess final : public AddonInstance,
         triggerKeyList_ = config_.triggerKey.value();
     }
 
+    void persistRawHotkey(const std::string &name, uint32_t sym,
+                          uint32_t states) {
+        RawConfig raw;
+        readAsIni(raw, configFile());
+        raw.setValueByPath(name + "RawSym", std::to_string(sym));
+        raw.setValueByPath(name + "RawStates", std::to_string(states));
+        safeSaveAsIni(raw, configFile());
+    }
+
+    static void loadRawHotkey(RawConfig &raw, const std::string &name,
+                              uint32_t &sym, uint32_t &states) {
+        auto *symValue = raw.valueByPath(name + "RawSym");
+        auto *statesValue = raw.valueByPath(name + "RawStates");
+        sym = symValue ? std::stoul(*symValue, nullptr, 0) : 0;
+        states = statesValue ? std::stoul(*statesValue, nullptr, 0) : 0;
+    }
+
     Instance *instance_;
     OpenLessConfig config_;
     KeyList triggerKeyList_;
@@ -827,6 +937,11 @@ class OpenLess final : public AddonInstance,
     uint32_t translationRawStates_;
     uint32_t lessComputerRawSym_;
     uint32_t lessComputerRawStates_;
+    uint32_t switchStyleRawSym_;
+    uint32_t switchStyleRawStates_;
+    uint32_t openAppRawSym_;
+    uint32_t openAppRawStates_;
+    std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, uint32_t, uint32_t>> stylePackHotkeys_;
     Key customDictationKey_;
     bool hasCustomDictationKey_;
     bool dictationTriggerHeld_;